IBBH IFBWWW IBTU⚫ FITBB • FITCM Documentation du Secrétariat& Rapports des fédérations affiliées Unterlagen des Sekretariats& Berichte der angeschlossenen Verbände Documents of the Secretariat& Reports from affiliated unions Sekretariatets dokument& Redogörelser från anslutna förbunden Documentación de la Secretaria& Informes de las federaciones afiliadas IFBWWW. 13° CONGRES IBBH IBTU 11-13 OCTOBRE 1972 OSTENDE FITBB FITCM FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DES TRAVAILLEURS DU BATIMENT ET DU BOIS INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF BUILDING AND WOODWORKERS INTERNATIONALER BUND DER BAUUND HOLZARBEITER INTERNATIONELLA BYGGNADSOCH TRÄINDUSTRIARBETARUNIONEN FEDERACION INTERNACIONAL DE TRABAJADORES DE LA CONSTRUCCION Y DE LA MADERA IBBH IFBWWW IBTU FITBB ⚫FITCM SECRETARIAT: 27-29, RUE DE LA COULOUVRENIERE CH- 1204 GENEVE( SWITZERLAND) TEL:( 022) 26 28 11 Home 11549 RAS8 S Stiftung Ebert Bonn Bibliothek UTBI ИОІТАЯЗОзч ЗЈАЙОТТАИЯЭТИ 230 BAUBLJAVART ug ТИЗМІТАЯ Тэ ug 2108 ЗАЙОІТАИЯЭТИ ИОІТАЯЗОза 10 СИА -Goow Зязиной ЯЗАНОІТАИЯЭТИ ания язо -UAB сии -SJOH ЯЭТІЗАЯА АЈЈЗИОІТАИЯЭТИ -ЯАТЗАЯА изпотии ИОКАЯЗаза ЈАЙОРАИЯЭТИІ 30 ЗНОСАLАЅАЯТ ио AJ 30 Y AJ 30 АЯЗДАМ MARI • нав 88T17 СТАІЛАТЕНОЗ Z 8249 11 85 85( sco): JET 13+ CONGRES 11-13 OCTOBRE 1972 OSTENDE( BELGIQUE) Hasi IBTU IFBWWW. DOCUMENTS OF THE SECRETARIAT REPORTS FROM THE AFFILIATED UNIONS FITBB FITCM Z 8249 CONTENTS Documerits of the Secre 13€ CONGRES Provisional Agenda Draft Standing Orders List of Affiliated Organiza Motions and Proposals to Financial Report Report on Activities al Secretary General 1969 1911-13 OCTOBRE 1972 1971 1972 1969-1970 1970-1971 1971-1972 - OSTENDE( BELGIQUE) bi Africe 25 c) Asia d) Latin America. e) international Housing Comm Main Features in the Develop The Internationals and the F Reports from the Aff Austria Gewerkschaft de La Centrale C tion nation IFBWWW. olzarbeiter DOCUMENTS OF THE SECRETARIAT IBBH REPORTS • IBTU ● FROM THE AFFILIATED UNIONS Allied Workers Cyprus t& 86is( SYNATE FITBB genes Landssam Masseututyöväen Liitto ry Metallarbetarförbund Puuliitto ry anjak steofisuustyön kijän Liiton Gewerkschaft Holz und Kunststoff Bau- Steine Erden Construction and Building Trades Workers' Union FITCM 101 103 107 119 125 137 140 144 148 152 159 163 167 Samban SBM al Union of on of Building Workers 173 174 176tellana Lavoratory Costruzioni Affini( CISL) 180 bechterverband( LAV) 182 and Timber Industry Workers Union( West Malaysia) Union of Forest Employees Timber Graders Ursion 185 100 192 Alg Nederlandse Bond Bouw en Houtnijverheid( NVV) 193 OUTal DOCINEM ТАІЯАТЭНОэг энт чо атночая ГИОНИИ АЭТАЛІЗА ЭНТ моя MOTE BETE 13. СОИСВЕЗ 11-13 ословНЕ Jals- OBLENDE( BETCIONE) aer CONTENTS biar o sb 100V bno soleilorits> sab 13 Ter Bef Documents of the Secretariat TTS Provisional Agenda Draft Standing Orders List of Affiliated Organizations and Membership Motions and Proposals to Congress. Financial Report 1969-1970 . boudiatiobiochsidaubnisT M brudhotis budiotenojaszego SECH ISS 1970-1971 . 1971-1972 . Report on Activities a) Secretary General TES 1969-1970 1970-1971 b) Africa c) Asia d) Latin America. 1971-1972 5 11 49 232 27 37 59 75 81 89 97 101 103 107 . 119 e) International Housing Committee Main Features in the Development of the Building Industry from 1969 to 1972- Nils Kellgren. The Internationals and the Future- John Löfblad.. Reports from the Affiliated Unions Austria Gewerkschaft der Bau- und Holzarbeiter. Belgium La Centrale Générale( FGTB). Cyprus 125 130 Federation of Construction& Allied Workers of Cyprus. 135 Dahomey Syndicat national des Travailleurs du Bâtiment& Bois( SYNATRAB) Denmark 137 Byggefagenes Landssammenslutning og Dansk Traearbejdersekretariat 140 Finland Suomen Maaseututyöväen Liitto r.y. 144 Finlands Metallarbetarförbund r.f.. Suomen Puuliitto r.y. Suomen Puunjalostusteollisuustyöntekijäin Liiton. Germany Gewerkschaft Holz und Kunststoff. Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden Ghana Iceland 148 152 159 163 . 167 Construction and Building Trades Workers' Union.. 173 Samband Byggingamanna SBM. 174 Israel National Union of Building Workers 176 Italy Federazione Italiana Lavoratory Costruzioni e Affini( CISL)... 180 Luxemburg Letzeburger Arbechterverband( LAV). 182 Malaysia Sawmills and Timber Industry Workers Union( West Malaysia).. 185 Union of Forest Employees 190 • Timber Graders Union. 192 Netherlands Algemene Nederlandse Bond Voor de Bouw- en Houtnijverheid( NVV). 193 Netherlands этиэтио Nederlandse Katholieke Bond Voor de Bouw- en Houtnijverheid.. Norway Norsk Treindustriarbeiderforbund Norsk Murerforbund Norsk Elektriker- og Kraftstasjonsforbund Bygningsindustriarbeiderforbund Norsk Arbeitsmandsforbund Sweden Svenska Malareförbundet. Fastighetsanställdas Förbund. Svenska Bleck- och Platslagareförbundet. Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet • Svenska Träindustriarbetareförbundet. 196 197 198 208 211 213 boste na HA 215 algaogo19 217 219 221 225 Svenska Skogsarbetareförbundet. 228 over- 88er Switzerland Schweizerischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband 231 ster- rter Turkey Türkiye Agaç Sanayii Isçileri Sendikasi Agaç- Is.. soi 234 d ( o Uganda Building Construction& Wood Workers Union. 237 USA International Woodworkers of America International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades. ast OCT 241 246 ed montanoqsЯ sistauA stiacheslo bnuued neb sherbeshows muigle ( 8707) ausgy yemode ΓΕΙ OM AAT BAT ser ear car гаг ΕΤΙ AFT aunqy to anschow belllA 18 noitentano to noisebe ( 8ARTAИY2) zlo8 18 nemite8 ub ausilievenT asb lenoisten soibnya hismned shendenebjedices T Mans go grinzulanemmsebna.Jnspotag8 busin V.1 otil navöytujuaMnemou 1.1 brudhöheted wollstoM abnsini V.1 ozilu namou noti nijianoуzauuaillostautos nuus.nomou Horten bru stolarshowed nab13enie18- us8 tedbach noinu' exhow asbs1T pribliu8 bris nooten M82 annamagniggy@ bsdms2 ynarme aubni insde baeleol local mehow gnibliu8 to noinU fenoite vlatl grodmoxu slayaleM 081 S81 281 Der ser E81 ( 810) ThiAinoisun yiotsova ensila anoisesebel ( VA) bredovisadoschA adest. ( saysle MoW) noinU exfoW yntaubni odmiT bna allimws2 assvolgo to moin noinU be admit abneherre ( VVM) bladevjinjuoH no- wuod ab 100V bro8 sabnshebel enemeplA of the DRAFT AGENDA in the Casino Hall, Ostend, Bel Congress 11-13 0 13 October 1972 The Management Committee draw up the follo SECRETARIAT DOCUMENTS 1. Oper Ger of th Congress. ( Th Comm Onde the Congress. ting Commit Congr 1972. auditors. the XIVth Ordinary Congress 1975. tes have invited the 16. Closure of the Congress. to hold it in Stockholm), Netherlands Nederlandse Katholieke Bond Voor de Bouw- en Houtaijverheid Norway Norsk Treindustri rbund Norsk Murerforbund Norsk ElektrikerKraftstasjonsforbund TAIMATIO12 этимизо Svens Svens Sven USA Ba Linion rades 196 197 198 208 211 213 215 217 219 221 225 Proposal for Standing Orders. DRAFT AGENDA of the XIIIth Ordinary IFBWW Congress in the Casino Hall, Ostend, Belgium, 11-13 October 1972 The Management Committee draw up the following Draft Agenda for the Congress: 1. The Congres he publi Repre 2. The Congre President. In of the President, the 1. Opening of the Congress. nsible for the recording of the Congress. 2. General information. 3. Adoption of the Agenda of the Congress. 4. Adoption of the Standing Orders of the Congress.bject. He shall not speak for more than 10 minutes 5. Speeches of guests. 6. a) Election of the Credential Committee. b) Election of the Drafting Committee. 7. General secretary's report. the Secreta chi eaker and may also suggest that the debate be closed. desiring to speak shall use the slips provided for iting, signed by the mover and stating the name the 8. a) Financial report covering the period between the Congresses 1969-1972. b) Revising report. c) Report of the Committee of auditors. filiated organisa For every 1,000 9. Future activity of the IFBWW. Speech by the general secretary. allowed ake part in 10. Election of the Executive Committee. 11. Discussion of motions and proposals submitted.ted to the Congress the first day at the opening of 12. Affiliation fees. 13. The problem of poverty in the world. Speaker: Prof. Gunnar Myrdal, Sweden. 14. Elections: a) General secretary b) President c) Vice- president d) Committee of auditors. be the official languages of Congress. 15. Date and place of the XIVth Ordinary Congress 1975. ( The Swedish affiliates have invited the IFBWW to hold it in Stockholm). 16. Closure of the Congress. 1 2 АОИЗДА ТАЯС zagno WW871 vienib10 111X or to ster dotoo Er- frmuigle8bnetaOllsHonies erit ni 2291gno scr not abnapA 11s10 gniwollot erb qu web settimmo homepsneM T aspro ar to prinsqo.t noitemnotni lee S โจร ก ซอ espno art to sbnegA srl to noitqobA E 2291gno si to 21eb10 pnibnst2 orbs to noitqobA A stimmoisinebox art to noitas13( 8 estrimmo prisland edit to noitos( d ster- ebet agno erit neewed bohaq arit pins og sonia( 8 Поде пода to пода hoda prizive( d notibus to immo ar to 110 Visioose latense or vd rosege Wwel ort to visition www.e settimmo evitusx sito noital.01 bertimdua alszoqonq bns anoitom to nolauzi.IN 295 A SI bhow aris ni havoq to ms Snebower IsbvM เร ก เกม/ 119 13 A Viease inertee( s 2919( d iV( o Gatoribus to sa moƆ( b a ar aver zegno visibO VIX ert to bosly breets ( mlorbo12 ni i blod of WWII er bativmi over estsilitis dibe to emu ar Proposal for Standing Orders 1. The Congress is not open to the public. Representatives and visitors to produce admission cards. 2. The Congress is conducted by the President. In the absence of the President, the Vice- President shall take the chair. 3. The General Secretary shall be responsible for the recording of the Congress. 4. The sessions commence at 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. 5. No speaker shall speak more than three times upon any subject. He shall not speak for more than 10 minutes the first time and 5 minutes the second and the third time. The chairman may, if considering it necessary, suggest a further reduction of the time allowed each speaker and may also suggest that the debate be closed. No speaker shall speak more than once or for more than 2 minutes on any point of order. Speakers must speak from the place intended for that purpose. Anybody desiring to speak shall use the slips provided for that purpose. 6. Proposals shall be submitted to the Secretary in writing, signed by the mover and stating the name of the union he is representing. 7. 8. 9. All decisions shall be by a show of hands unless a card vote is demanded on behalf of any affiliated organisation. Such a vote shall be conducted on the basis of the last affiliation fees due and paid. For every 1,000 members or part thereof affiliated organisations shall be entitled to case one vote. Only unions which have paid the affiliation fees for the last 6 months of 1972 are allowed to take part in voting. The report of the Credentials Committee shall be submitted to the Congress the first day at the opening of the afternoon session. 10. English, French, Scandinavian and German shall be the official languages of Congress. 3 21eb10 nibns12 101 Isoqo19 abiso noizzimbs souborg of anoriaiv bns zovite nas silduq srit of neqo ton zi atsipno sriT.T exist is nobias19- soiV erit nebize19 art to soneads oriz nl onebize19 er yd betoubnico al azsigno ariTS caspoorts to gniben er not sidianoqeated leda visto ed i .m.q& bna.m.s of ts sonemmeo anizas ar A .E a astunim of nad som 101 seqa ton lleria H Joejdua yns noqu zemi ar net om seg lade 19> ti ginebianco tiyem nsmisio erTemiz bir ert bns broose er etunim teagque ozle ysm bos 19xsaga rose bewolls amit erb to noitou bezolo ad ste zum sol qe ol to trioq yas no astunim S ner som not no sono nel som xseqe s hot babivong sqilz edit sau ileri desqz of pninizsb ybodynAssoquq sert ol baberni sostą erit mon!> saga ecoquq terit orts to smen an gnitera bns 19vom eris vd benpiz, pnitiw ni yissos2 erit at bettimdua ed llerle alsaoge 8 gnites qe ai on noinu seinspo batsilitts yns to tiered no bebrsmab al srov biso s zasluzbried to wore s yd ed ertzancialgeb IIA. 000, yieve 10.bisq bns sub agst noitsilitte test orts to alasd erit no betoubno od llariz stov s dou2.noit stov sno sa ot beltine ad lleria anoitsainago batsilitts tosierraq to adm ni tiq sost or bewolls 918 STer to zritnom 8 1261 srbot 29st noitsilitts erit bisq ever roiriw anoinu vino.8 phitov dT.8 to pninqo srit te vab ta si asigno ort of betrimdua ed Ilaria 9927immo alsitneben art to oqs edT .noiazez no 4 229ngno to aagsugnel leioitto arts ed ilerle noms brs nsivenibnso2 don dailyn List of affiliated organizations as per- July 1, 1972 Liste des organisations affiliées au 1 juillet 1972 Liste der angeschlossenen Verbände am 1. Juli 1972 Lista över anslutna organisationer d. 1 juli 1972 Lista de las nes afiliadas el 1 de julio de 1972 Les pays figurent sur la liste dans l'ordre alph Ole alphabetische MEMBERSHIP Los paises figur el orden alfabetico inglés Argentina- Argentine- Argentinien Unión Obrers de la Construcción de la República Argentine Oesterreich Österrike Bermuda Industrial Union British Dahome Trade bund beiter gice Cyper 130: 400 90.000 300. Bois 16.000 3.500 Batiment et Bois Dinamarca 5.450 12.442 $ 14.685 Danmark 1920 Sadelmage apetsererfor Danmark 2.933 Dansk 1.252 51.000 33.515 5 9 НЕНВЕВЕНІЬ brudhohepsmijo go- 19piR- 191morado12 And List of affiliated organizations as per July 1, 1972 Liste des organisations affiliées au 1 juillet 1972 Liste der angeschlossenen Verbände am 1. Juli 1972 Lista över anslutna organisationer d. 1 juli 1972 A y noiutano al ab endil se objede T sb Lista de las organizaciones afiliadas el 1 de julio de 1972 Union. 000.1 and sigoi13- neiqoid- risiqbin3- sigoir3 noin showbooW berinU ST sibreini- breinni- ebnetai Building, Construction, Civil Engineering and Allied Workers' Union The countries are listed in the English alphabetical order Les pays figurent sur la liste dans l'ordre alphabétique anglais Die Länder sind in der englischen alphabetischen Reihenfolge aufgeführt Länderna är angivna i alfabetisk ordning enligt engelskan Los países figuran en la liste en el orden alfabetico inglés Argentina - Argentine- Argentinien Unión Obrera de la Construcción de la República Argentina. Industry Austria Autriche Oesterreich Österrike - - - Oesterreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund Gewerkschaft der Bau- und Holzarbeiter. 000.0 Belgium- Belgique- Belgien- Belgica La Centrale Générale Bermudas- Bermudes Bermuda Industrial Union.. British Guyana- Guyane britannique yo niš sbasto- smobnähy Sawmill and Forest Workers' Union. Amalgamated Building Trade Workers' Union Membership Effectifs mou Mitgliedschaft Medlemskap in Efectivos mou alexin 250.000 130.4000 Hosatanux bou slo neb- enis12- us8 tteripechowspeitaubni 90.000 noinU exhowboo 1.310 baslloH 450 Congo- Kongo instal Syndicat de l'Industrie du Bâtiment et du Bois. Centrale Générale( FGKT).. nsibnl Cyprus- Chypre- Zypern- Cypern- Chipre Buslool 300 8 basdms2 15.000 ont- sibn! oinU soobs M gniblius Federation of Construction and Allied Workers. noi w Dahomey- Dahome 3.500 nsigniblis Isnonensibl 1.700. slashobal Syndicat National des Travailleurs du Bâtiment et Bois Denmark- Danemark- Dänemark- Danmark- Dinamarca sbnshal- boshl basisl Blikkenslager-, Sanitet-,& Rørarbejderforbundet i Danmark Malerforbundet i Danmark 6.450 gans 12.442 Murerforbundet i Danmark 14.595 Glarmestersvendenes Forbund i Danmark. to 694 Træindustriarbejderforbundet to noi 15.906 Dansk Elektrikerforbund. Stukkatørernes Fagforening av 1920 Sadelmager- og Tapetsererforbundet i Danmark Dansk Karetmager- og Karosseribyggerforbund. Dansk Arbejdsmands- og Specialarbejderforbund 8.000 2.933 1.252 oisis 51.000 Snedker- og Tømrerforbundet i Danmark. 33.515 7 Dansk Skibstømrer-, Rigger- og Sejlmagerforbund.. Serviu 19.28. oitesinepro bersilitts 900 Stet telliuj fus zebilitts anoitseinspo zeb stai Ecuador- Equateur- Equator ster ilul. ms ebnischeV nenazzolrozepns heb stai Federación de Trabajadores Libres de la Construcción y Anexos de Pichincha ucción y Anexos de Ethiopia Ethiopie- Ethiopien- Etiopien- Etiopia - The United Woodworkers' Union Finland Finlande- Finnland- Finlandia - Suomen Sähköalantyöntekijäin Liitto ry.. Suomen Maaseututyöväen Liitto ry. Suomen Metallityöväen Liitto ry. qeЯamisio Suomen Puutyöväen Liitto ry. . Suomen Puunjalostusteollisuustyöntekijäin Liitto ry... - France Frankreich Frankrike Francia - - tezinapo sntulans evo* 2 29nolossinagio asli sb stai 1.000 site.dedi dilpa.edni.betail 16 296.000T 3.469 ni bniz naboj 800 no le ne tail al. 26.300 14.272 snitnog A sning A soilduqsЯ slab noisouteno el ab 1970 noinU Fédération Force Ouvrière du Bâtiment, Bois, Travaux Publics et Matériaux de Construction Germany Allemagne- Deutschland- Tyskland- Alemania - Gewerkschaft Holz und Kunststoff. Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden 000.0 Ghana Timber and Woodworkers' Union 15.000 UA bou 1stiachesloH bnu-u58 heb rewa 104.000 soiple- nsigle- eup -muigle 467.629 org. Construction and Building Trade Workers' Union . Holland- Pays- Bas- Niederlande- Nederländerna Holanda Bouwbond NVV. - Nederlandse Katholieke Bond voor de Bouw- en Houtnijverheid K.B.B.H. IcelandIslande Island- Iceland- Islandia Samband Byggingamanna 000.ar India- Inde- Indien Building Mazdoor Union 00 Indian National Building and Construction Workers' Federation Indonesia - - Indonésie Indonesien albums- asburne@ 13.000 bal soumns8 2.000 eupinnstid ensyud- snayub reisha noinU limws2 103.416 temeplemA 80.337 ogno zio8 ub je nemirba ub sintzubni ubni'l sb tsoibny2 1.800 enqiro- mq- megy- egy aunq * 50.000 arshow beillA bns bns noijoun to noisyebe emorie yemodeⱭ Serikat Buruh Pekerdjaan Umum Dan Tenaga Ireland Irlande- Irland- Irlanda - Irish Transport and General Workers' Union. SPP.ST Israel- Israël National Union of Woodworkers National Union of Building Workers alo8 to 309mite8 ub anusHieve T esb lenoite sobriy 2.000 BoemeniⱭ Xemna Shamened- shemens ShemaⱭ i tebruchohebischseR sanet 10.000 sa i tebruchohisleM chemne i jebnudioheuM inebrowmeteemsla 70.000 objedisuzubnissT 000.8 Italy Italie- Italien - Italia 000.ra ara.ɛɛ Federazione Italiana Lavoratori Costruzioni e Affini.. sa Federazione Nazionale Lavoratori Edili Affini e del Legno. Shamns pnine otps asm 35.000 bau 11.900 diA > hsmtebuchotisme go- bolben2 8 Kenya- Kenia Kenya Timber& Furniture Workers' Union. East Africa Federation of Building and Construction Workers' Union T8A.ST - Luxemburg Luxembourg- Luxemburgo Letzeburger Arbechter- Verband. Malawi brucho zablisters sebnychötasted sapo sanev2 1.500 boudiohelistel 62 sxiu?- siew/ lo2- ozaiu2- bnshosti 1.500 briedisvisriedissloh bhu- us8 1919.52 Building, Construction, Civil Engineering and Allied Workers' Union. Malaysia- Malasia Sawmill and Timber Industry Workers' Union Union of Forest Employees Timber Graders' Union. . MOTIONS singsneT 618 1.365 PROPOSA noin ai siuput- tabhu eluproT * Mauritius Ile Maurice Mauricio - The Building Industry Engineering and Other Workers' Union. Nigeria- Nigerien The Amalgamated Union of Building and Woodworkers of Nigeria Norway- Norvège- Norwegen- Norge- Noruega Norsk Treindustriarbeiderforbund Norsk Skog- og Landarbeiderforbund Norsk Murerforbund Norsk Elektriker- og Kraftstasjonsforbund Norsk Bygningsindustriarbeiderforbund Norsk Arbeidsmandsforbund. 000.02 Peru- Pérou - 000. al- ospA 900 soneguO Tivi noi ano gnibliu8 sbnisgU 5.536 sabri omonbru 10.000 3.800 20 to noin 5.000 45.100 qu pigme to noin linoiisment news wboow Is 6.780- tal nl evazasi bns' anoesMecblon8 zebant beillA bns 2191nis porherito18 fenoitemen Federación Nacional de Trabajadores en la Industria de Construcción Civil e Industrias Similares del Perú 000.01 Philippines- Philippinen- Filippinerna- Filipinas United Lumber Workers of the Philippines 000.POT Rhodesia Rhodésie Rhodesien Rodesia - - - United Building and Woodworkers' Union. how to noinG Isnoitsmerni a ods. 6.000 sb zobsjsdeT eb noiosaba Seychelles Seychellen Seychelles Building and Construction Workers' Union. South Africa- Afrique du Sud- Südafrika- Sydafrika- Africa del Sur Furniture Workers' Industrial Union hevig fon qirlanadi qidered 1.700 abupibni non alirett nedegeons train InesabilpriM 1.vis.str.l lename) 1.000 aobs ibni on zondmsiM - Spain Espagne- Spanien- España Unión General de Trabajadores de España * * Surinam Bruynzeel Werknemers Organisatie. 800 Sweden- Suède- Schweden- Sverige- Suecia Svenska Målareförbundet. 24.564 9 Dam Fastighetsanställdas Förbund. Svenska Bleck- och Plåtslagareförbundet. Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet Svenska Träindustriarbetareförbundet • 26.468 4.614 174.313 73.487 Svenska Skogsarbetareförbundet. Ed Svenska Elektrikerförbundet. Switzerland - Suisse- Schweiz- Suiza bn 25.690 hAnegudeste 26.018 IwelsM 76.496 noinU' show beillA bns grisenign livinoutanoniblia Schweizerischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband. Tanzania Tanzanie - Tanzanien Building& Construction Workers' Union. Zanzibar& Pemba Building& Construction Workers' Union uunjalos yöntekijäin liitto ry. Turkey Turquie- Turkei- Turkiet- Turquia - Fr Agac- Is Sendikasi. FYapi- Is Sendikasi. Constr ent Bol - Uganda Ouganda Germ noinU an admiT 4.000 4.000 00 shegi showhoow bus nibliu@ to 700 Uganda Building Construction, Civil Engineering& Allied Workers' Union.. Gewerkschaft Holz In Uruguay Ghana 000.01. Frente Autónomo Sindical TRUSA 08 Woodworkers.Unico bn bnud coInternational Union of Operating Engineers. Upholsterers' International Union of North America. Hollo International Woodworkers of America Bou Bricklayers', Masons' and Plasterers' International Union of America uw en K.B International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Laborers' International Union of North America livi 14.000 bnud .1%.go 000210 50.000 M bnu gni 35.000 M 2.000 M 50.000 Uneq 50.000 41.250 10.000 asniqili- smeniqgili Venezuela Indien seniqgilid sit to BuFederación de Trabajadores de la Industria de la Construcción de Venezuela dmul betin 104.000 Indian National Building and Co kers' Federation sizebo nalasbor sibortf * ogr Membership not given Indonesi Effectifs non indiqués Serikat Mitgliedszahl nicht angegeben Medlemsantal inte angivet Ireland Miembros no indicados Irish Transport and General Israel- Israel National Union of Woodworkers National Union of Building Workers Italy- Italie- Italien- Italia Federazione Italiana Lavoratori Costruzioni e Affini Federazione Nazionale Lavoratori Edili Affini e del Legno A02.AS 10 goinU 21showbooW bns oniblius betinU noinU' show noizovano bns pniblju allertoys? exitsb02- bu2 ub sup noinU leitaubril APA duo2 how sutimu efeca3- noi sheqe sb.291obs T ob nieq2 abinu meniu2 siseinsgi isbnuchot jebnudhöteel& M lanav Motion from the Executive Committee Amendment of the Statutes- Paragraph 17 Industrial gro MOTIONS PROPOSALS 11 Fastighetsanställdas Förbund. Svenska Bleck- och Pistslagareförbundet Svensk Sve Svenska Svenska 26.468 4.614 174.313 73.487 ndet ndet. bundet Switzerland- Suisse- Schweiz-- Suiza Schweizerischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband Tanzania 2KOITOM Building& Construction Workers' Union ГЛАГОЧОЯТ Turkey- Turquie- Turkel- Turkiet- Turquia orkers' Union 76.496 .000 2000 Uganda- Ouganda Uga Construction, Civil Engineering& Allied Workers' Union 700 Uruguay Frente Autónomo Sindical 14.000 USA International Union of Operating Engineers Upholsterers' International Union of North America 35.000 International Woodworkers of America Bricklayers, Masons' and Plasterers' International Union of America International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades 50,000 International Brother Electrical Workers 41.250 Laborers International Union of North America 10.000 Venezuela Federación ajadores de la Industria de la Construcción de Venezuela 104.000 12 Membership not given Effectifs non indiqués Mitgliedszahl nicht angegeben Medlemsantal inte angivet Miembros no indicados Motion from the Executive Committee settimmo evitusex3 eds monito Amendment of the Statutes- Paragraph 17 as noitsilintA- of dogs- astuter2 set to en Industrial groups shall, if possible, be taken into account when regional representatives are elected. three acer Co bisq abs WWFBL Ecer ( bebi this 00 phiqolav 001 bos munns 1992 2-.02 gine ni benoitnem nodmam is not anoitudinop evitsainimbe bellsp- ot) tauons yns of 10 mot 1 to the 19 of beau ed of bu to ruo noqu dimmo evitusex3 229 13 Motion from the Executive Committee estrimmo svirexa erit most notoM Changes of the Statutes- Paragraph 10- Affiliation Fees to embnemA The Executive Committee suggests that paragraph 10 gets the following wording by decision of the XIIIth Statutory Congress: To defray the necessary expenses of the IFBWW an affiliation fee decided by Congress shall be collected from the affiliated organisations. Until the 31.12.1972 the affiliation fees continues to be 41.- Sw. Frs. per annum and 100 affiliated members. From the 1.1.1973, it shall be 45.- Sw. Frs. per annum and 100 affiliated members and from the 1.1.1975, it shall be 50.- Sw. Frs. per annum and 100 affiliated members. It shall be paid in advance in two half- yearly instalments, each January and July, contributions to be paid for all members belonging to the trades mentioned in article 1 from whom the union collects contributions in any form or to any amount( so- called administrative contributions included). Out of the affiliation fee from the 1.1.1973 15.- Sw. Frs. per 100 affiliated members and annum shall be set aside for a Solidarity Fund to be used for programmes in the developing countries and for assistance to trade unions which because of particular circumstances have to exist in situations described in paragraph 2 of the Statutes. Up to the 1.1.1973, 20 percent of the affiliation fees is to be set aside for activities in developing countries. In such cases as when an affiliated organisation completely or partly is unable to pay the affiliation fee, the Executive Committee has to decide upon lines of direction for the payments to be accepted with regards to the different circumstances. These lines of directions shall serve as guidance when the Management Committee is to decide in every particular case. Pending Congress the Executive Committee has the right by 2/3 majority to impose a special levy to meet a deficit which may arise. 14 Motion from the Executive Committee estimmo avitusex art most notoM x3 or Changes in the Statutes.- Paragraph 12 and 15 and 21 If dogs- 201 dep The Executive Committee suggests that paragraph 12 gets the following wording by decision of the XIIIth Statutory Congress: Supreme control of the IFBWW shall be exercised by the Congress, which shall take place at least every three years. Special congresses shall be convened when required after consideration of the Executive Committee at such times and at such places as the latter may decide.( New text follows:) At reasonable intervals shall be arranged regional conferences for the different branches of industry at such times and such places as the Executive Committee may decide. When the Executive Committee judges it necessary it may decide to arrange industrial conferences for the industrial branches within the jurisdiction of the IFBWW. vnsense to alliduces isisben erf The regional conferences can only deal with questions related to the region and industry in question, and the industrial conferences can only deal with questions related to the trade affected. Decisions, points of view, resolutions, etc. taken at such conferences shall be reported to the Executive Committee and the Congress. The Executive Committee shall after due consideration appoint Committees for different trades and regions. It is suggested that paragraph 15 gets the following wording: sent. Delegates' expenses to the Congress and to the conferences shall be borne by the organisations they repreThe headlines for paragraph 12-16 gets the following wording: covirat Congresses, conferences and committees. cordin a detailed written report to the Executive Committee and to each affi ne the 157 Motion from the Executive Committee settimmo svitupex art most noitoM Changes in the Statutes- Paragraph 17 Affiliation Fees at bos ST does The Executive Committee suggests that paragraph 17 gets the following wording by decision of the XIIIth Statutory Congress: 17. The Executive Committee shall consist of representatives of the groups of countries indicated below, and the General Secretary. noits 1. 2. 612 The representatives of the groups of countries shall be elected by the Congress on the motion of the groups. For each representative two substitutes shall be elected. Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden 3. Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg The Federal Republic of Germany evij Judex 2 representatives 2 representatives ABB 2 representatives 2 representatives 2 representatives 4. Austria, Switzerland of beislen leeb vino neb 5. Great Britain, Ireland 6. France, Italy, Portugal, Spain 7. Greece, Israel, Turkey 8. Canada and USA 9. Africa 10. Asia 11. South America 1 representative 1 representative 1 representative 1 representative 1 representative 1 representative hs- 29mit ld Stat Him 12. The General Secretary. Inez ( The last sentence In the election care... etc. shall be omitted. It is presumed that only one of the representatives for Great Britain and Ireland shall be elected as long as no British union is affiliated to the IFBWW). 16 Motion from the Committee of Auditors Amendment to the Statutes- Paragraph 11, 16 and 21 Paragraph 11 The management of the IFBWW shall be vested in: the Congress; a) b) the Executive Committee; c) the Management Committee; d) the Committee of Auditors; e) the Secretariat. furn for rbund, Svenska Skogsarbetare Landbygdens Arbetareförbundet det the Rules( Constitution of this internation Committee and for the occup countries as listed the say that the and unions. ng workers. The next foloyed in rived from building resent only forms or group Paragraph 16 should be adapted accordingly( using the word Kontrollausschuss in the German text). Paragraph 21 and wood workers, the forestry represent The Committee of Auditors shall be composed of three members, one from the Executive Committee, one residing in the country where the Secretariat is established, and a third member. A neutral institution or person appointed by the Executive Committee shall duly supervise the bookkeping. The Committee of Auditors shall hold an audit of the financial administration and management of the Secretariat and/ or the General Secretary at least once a year and shall have to be satisfied that a) the b) merly expenses are effected in keeping with the Statutes of the Federation and decisions of the Executive Committee and Management Committee, and proper vouchers are available for all expenses, and management is carried out in the spirit of the Statutes and according to the decisions of the competent authorities of the Federation. The Committee of Auditors shall submit a detailed written report to the Executive Committee and to each Congress of the IFBWW; this report shall be made available to the affiliated unions at least one month before the opening of the Congress. 17 of the herewith move the followi the Executive Comm ment Committee taken that the different trades or occupational groups are represe on 17 Motion from the Executive Committee noribuA to ostimmob er most noitoM Changes in the Statutes- Paragraph 17 The Executive Committee suggests that paragraph Statutory Congress: 17. The Executive Committee shall consis the General Secretary. rs bus ar rf rigeren- us sit or inambramA gets the following wording by decision of q ( s ( d : ni batasv ed Here WW831 arts to inamaganem sri tives of the groups of cour indicated below, and 2291000 srit estimmo evitusex3 srit immos anotibuA to settimmo srit( b 2 represectioris The representatives of the groups of countries shall be elected by the For each representative two substitutes shall be elected. 1. Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden 2. 3. The Federal Republic of Germany ( 9 Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg at doengene 4: Austria, Swis nammis erit ni azurkausilono> brow oriz gniau) vienibas bergsbe od bluorla 5. Great Britain, Ireland 6. France, Italy, ugal, Spain TS dejagers9 7. Greece, Israel, ano esttimmo avizos et montero, andmem seni to bezoqmoo ed lleria motibuA to sorimmo adT .redmem birt s bns berisildesas al 16inst sew vituo sit ni gnibias 9. Africa gniqsblood srit saivisque vlub Ilaria settimmo svitusexa srit yd batnioqqs nozoqno noltutitani entuan A 1be2 S- 16 fmagnsm bns noitezinimbs Isionsnit erit to tibus na blori lisce ojibuA to immo griT 12. The General Secrefert beitaissa ed or ever! lisrie bris 189y 8 sono Jasel 18 vist91082 Istened art o\ br -mo fofaibaby bris( operated ori of tatives for Great bris Beanstalks his vor eidelines ราย ชาว กวย อน enerve bins lettinumoo Themepensia bne Sentim Insteqmoo art to anolaiseb srit of gnib1000s bris astutst2 erit to tiniga sri ni tuo beins al themegenem noipsteps arts to asitivortus ( d rlose of bus stimmo svitudex3 erit of the nettiw belistab s timduz liarle amoribuA to settimmo erT erit noted inom sno jasel is anoinu bersilitts arts of eldslivs obsmed llarla mogen zirb WW1 art to azeng 228gno ert to gninsqo IT 15 Joint motion from Norsk Skog og Landarbeiderforbund, Svenska Skogsarbetareförbundet, Suomen Maaseututyovaen Liitto r.y. and Finska Landbygdens Arbetareförbundet nois 92eqen tierit euane lliw doidw setur orbs of neinbnam eaer ni vivA- laT ni azenpno lesene dost orbis iniog aids no babnema new -pengen ano bad beri quoip z'noasm- enote bns evening areowadimul si aso sr nirriw zqueng nisha sol natoqmi riguos asw ti sec noinoqo simme evi dose avitat T lanpiper sam se nib ad bluoriz enil et scarto aquaplan The last IFBWW Congress held in 1969, in Tel- Aviv, established the Rules( Constitution) of this international organisation. This provides, i.a. for the composition of the Executive Committee and for the election procedure. It was decided that representation on the Executive Committee should be by groups of countries as listed in the Constitution. Concerning representation of the various trades or occupational groups, the Rules only say that the building and wood trades should be represented as much as possible to" an approximately equal extent". The IFBWW is an organisation which covers a number of different trades or occupational groups and unions. The major part of its membership, however, is derived from building and civil- engineering workers. The next following group, in terms of numerical importance, are unions organising workers employed in saw- mills, in the wood and furniture industry. The category of forestry workers we represent only forms a minor group within the IFBWW at the present time. The consequence of this has been that the forestry workers no more have a titular, or regular, representative on the IFBWW- Executive Committee. Considering the country grouping, as provided for under the Rules, and the principle of" approximately equal" representation of building and wood workers, the forestry workers practically have no prospect of a titular or regular member on the Executive Committee. During former congress periods, however, the forestry workers were represented on the EC. As we consider it as an extremely unsatisfactory position for the forestry workers to be no longer represented on the EC by a titular or regular member, we propose that the XIIIth Statutory Congress should amend the Rules( Constitution) to the effect that our occupational group is given a titular or regular representative on that body. It is our view, in fact, that the occupation of forestry workers differs to such an extent from other trades within our International that our demand must appear to be justified. Forestry workers, on the one part, perform their work over wide areas, without having specifically located jobs or places of work, which means special working conditions; on the other part, matters of safety( accident prevention) and of vocational training require special attention. Moreover, great endeavours are made at the present time in forestry operations of countries where formerly no tree- felling took place on conventional lines, so that obviously the problems of forestry workers in those countries must be kept under review. In the light of this motivation we herewith move the following amendment to the last paragraph of Art. 17 of the Rules( Constitution) under the heading the Executive Committee, Management Committee and Committee of Auditors: " In the election care should be taken that the different trades or occupational groups are represented on the Executive Committee." 19 In a joint motion, three Scandinavian trade unions grouping lumberworkers, i.e. the Norwegian Skog ogniol Landarbeiderforbund, the Swedish Skogsarbetareförbund and the Finnish Landsbygdens Arbetareförbund, all affiliated to the IFBWW propose an amendment to the statutes which will ensure their representation within the Executive Committee. The IFBWW's statutes were amended on this point at the 12th General Congress in Tel- Aviv in 1969. Until the 1969 Congress the lumberworkers', the painters' and stone- mason's group had had one representative each on the Executive Committee. The justification for this amendment was that it was thought important for certain groups within the IFBWW to have special representation within the Executive Committee. If there was to be proportional representation, it had to apply to all affiliated occupational groups, otherwise the line should be drawn at a mere regional division. to ni ea nuos to aq srit not.6.jesbivonq airT noisinspo is The 1969 Congress decided in favour of regional representation. srit betail vd sd bluona 9977immo svitu59x no noits bebioeb asw Il The Executive Committee does not feel that the organisation should revert to a system which gives certain grit 16 groups special representation within the Executive Committee. betegeed bluor boow bns gribliud The Executive Committee does, however, feel that the claims embodied in the motion which concern the znoin representation of the various occupational groups should be met in such a way as to take into consideration the various industrial groups at the election of the Executive Committee. Nominations shall, in other words, continue to be made within the different groups of countries. This means that the various occupational groups are in a position to promote their interests and that all members of affiliated organisations can be elected to the Executive Committee. evitst overenom on 1910 s terit need The Executive Committee thus considers the motion to have been examined and the claims embodied in it to have been met as far as possible. boow bns pnibiliud to noitsineesiast pleupo abolag azono ammo prinud eetrimmo svituosx3 art no 19dmam s 03 edr no botnszenen sow letsmixo alqining s to loquor on svart. how vienot ar gaveworl In ognol on ed or anschow shot adt not noisiaoq yotostaissanu ylematis ns 280 ti obiznoo ow 2A ertz breme bluoria zeep vous dr111X or redit sans defuge 10 slutita yd Q3 art no be tarit no evitsinszenqa.sluge 10 1slutit s novio ai quang lanoitequabo tuo ter 13the art of( noitutizano) saluf zebe 10 montaxe no dous of nettib 219> how not to moisquod erti erit Jost ni waiv tuo ai riybod moting qano et no how vita910.beitirauj ed of 169qqs jaum bremeb juo rerit lonoitsmetal suo nidiw so > how laioeqe ansem birtw, how to 2006lq to adoj bersaol vlisoitiosga gnived suoritiwesens ebi svo how niers Isisqa eniupon gminient lanoitsoov to bas( noinovanq Insbicos) vretes to aistiem eq erizo ari no anoitibnoo pni -101 91erlw asinuco to anoitsmeqo vitasio? ni smit trees or is obem eis auovssons 1691 evoM.noitnetts seorls ni 219> how yitasnot to ameldong erit vlauoivdo terit oz zenil lenoiлnevno no soslq loot gnillet- 901 on yhem waive 19bnu tqex ed taum ai St.A to riqeigeisq jest art of membnems gniwollot oris svom riwener sw noitsvitom sirts to digil or ni settimmo bas estrimmo nemagensM stimmo svituoex3 art pnibsari sit ebnu( noitusitano) aslui si to noribuA to no batrisasiqe 916 aquon lenoitsquooo no zabs testtib erit tert nalet ed bluorla en moitools sdt nl" centimmo0@vis upsxe enti 20 20 Motion from Syndicat National des Travailleurs du Bâtiment et du Bois- SYNATRAB noitoM Dahomey Congre ( e)< r off of leagar 1) Intensification of IFBWW activities in developing countries resets top enigolovebor a) Workers' education programme b) Vocational training programme 2) hemA nits. mort svitetnateqst vd baiquo ad bluow 1? 1esys sono vino zream brs08 evitusex sri soni2.sieA soitemA nits... f noipet ross moit sviterness and aver Election of a member of one of the affiliates in developing countries to the Executive Committee of the Federation with a view to a better and efficient cooperation to gait 3) leveb grit lis to aws Establishment of an IFBWW regional office in the developing countries. ( 2) reem aver rileswommo) at bas nista 16910 sonic teri pi lazogong evidente en ed bluorta noite ebianos, noisilitis mwenbritiw avar apoinU sbarT daith at bra beb blot WWBRT eru nioje anoinU daithe art emis due linu, nuo gniquleveb eri of 23 202 naswred anoirssinummos ad oals bluorie ved iqe zeirugab ein bastedmem hanem erit noiga ort to waiveri ider criticism at the last Congress for undertaking invol conside derable expe of the velop Under these circumst and this invol ages porne fully by the workers. It isational work cal victimisation. Any Ted out during eisure tively as such effective organisatio cann from its years. Organ work should only be unions. funds should be admin iated union, who will be responsible for work is undertaken by the( FBWW. of the field work in training for office bear and branch officials is normally carried out by the from funds provided by the ICFTU in their own country or in ICFTU College Th eveloping ey. The field of education has always been neglected by the various FTS in that developing eld is the education of the worker himself. Unlike in Europe or in developed countries to what trade unions ed they drop in developing do for them. They join a union to solve from membership of oping countries should undert and union by non payment of unic the trade union education of the of two trained and union courses or lectures to the ordinary members at the 21 Motion from Union of Forest Employees, Malayaliebenzelby goi Landar filiated to the Executive Committee. ment to gpitoM innish Landsbygdens Arbetareförbund mode which will ensure their representation within the The IFBWW's statutes were amended on this point at the 12th General Congress in Tel- Aviv in 1969 Until the 1969 Congress the lumberworkers', the painters' and stone- mason's group had had one represen tative each on the Executive Committee. within the The jus for this amendment was that it was thought important for ce certain grou within the Executive Committee. If there was Proposal to Rule 17( 9) affiliated occupational groups, otherwise the The developing nations at present have 1 representative on the Executive Board and this seat is currently occupied by representative from Latin America. There are also two deputy members, one from Africa and one from Asia. Since the Executive Board meets only once a year it would be in the interest of the developing countries to have one representative from each region i.e. Latin America, Africa and Asia. Should the Executive Board take into consideration the expenses involved in inviting all three members to the Board meeting, then the Executive Board should consider inviting the permanent member and deputies alternatively. i.e. The Permanent member at the first meeting of the Board and the first deputy to the second meeting and the second deputy to the third meeting. In this way the views of all the developing nations in all the three regions can be obtained and available to to the other members of the Board. The alternative proposal is that since Great Britain and the Commonwealth have two representatives on the Board and the British Trade Unions have withdrawn affiliation, consideration should be given to give these two seats to the developing countries, until such time the British Unions rejoin the IFBWW fold. There should also be communications between the permanent member and his deputies so as to coordinate the views of the region the Permanent member and his deputies represent. 22 22 Report from the Union of Forest Employees, Malaysia, to the Executive Board for their recommendation to the Congress on future programme and activities in Asia and the developing countries in Asia hom from co into the on ther tall and suggests tha There is no need to give a de of Inentovom noinu abe erit phid of 16 i prigotaveb s bisit ode selgroning bomb po bazinagio Insmevom hoinu obsit ontz A 199132 r ed bluore Vent WinA the an bized ni sohebitno 19xhow erit ovip theb At present the IFBWW has affiliates from the following developing countries in Asia: c) 으 으으으 a) India b) Indonesia WinA Malaysia d) Philippines enibliud sitt ni ans> how no 21976 WW8R1.odT The other countries to be considered are: a) Japan b) Australia c) New Zealand d) Thailand e) Korea. bluoda voiv ni alioq wet svods art riw Proposal regarding future activities in developing countries Spong The IFBWW secretariat had come under criticism at the last Congress for undertaking projects without any definite programme in view and which involved considerable expenses. Under these circumstances we have to answer questions and analyse its answers critically. ini zoiziviroA a) b) What mode of activities should the IFBWW undertake in the developing countries? isnoitamani 120M What are the basic necessities required in the labour field in developing countries? mit al 11 bris WW c) In what way or manner will the workers in the developing countries benefit from the activities of the IFBWW? sd Answer to a): The type of activities which the IFBWW could undertake in developing countries are( 1) help in organisational work and( 2) in the trade union education of the workers. ( 1) the tative ( 2) b18 Organisational work is most important and this generally involves considerable expenses in the early stages and such expenses cannot normally be borne fully by the workers. It should be remembered that the officers of the unions are honorary workers and organisational work can only be carried out during the leisure time and holidays. Again there is the question of victimisation. Any workers organising a union is positively afraid of victimisation by his employer and as such effective organisational work cannot be carried out. Normally organising a union to a position when it can stand on its own and run the union from its own resources takes about two years. Organisational work should only be undertaken in large and national unions. IFBWW should be able to pay for at least a part time organiser and his expenses over a period of two years, and progress report of the organisers work should be called for by the IFBWW- secretariat, for review once every 3 months. All funds should be administered by the IFBWW secretariat and expenses sent direct to a responsible officer of an affiliated union, who will be responsible for overall supervision of the field work in the country where such work is undertaken by the IFBWW. In the field of education, training for office bearers and branch officials is normally carried out by the National Centre from funds provided by the ICFTU in their own country or in ICFTU Colleges. Therefore the necessity for ITS to conduct its own courses in a developing country is a waste of money. The most important field of education has always been neglected by the various ITS in the developing countries. This field is the education of the worker himself. Unlike in Europe or in developed countries the workers in a developing country are not trade union concious. They are not aware as to the benefits of a trade union as to what trade unions can do for them. They join a union to solve a problem and when this problem is solved they drop off from membership of the union by non payment of union dues. The various ITS operating in developing countries should undertake the trade union education of the workers at factory level. One or two day trade union courses or lectures to the ordinary members at their place of residence or work is most useful and at the same time economical. One or two trained and experienced officers can travel down to the 23 Motion workers during week- ends and give such training. The only expense involved is the travelling expenses of the pn officers and expenses of food for the participants. Another advantage of such training is that large number of workers can participate in the training and moreover there is constant contact between the union officials and the members. Such training are not expensive and can be carried out with a small allocation of funds. The union of Forest Employees did this during 1966-1968, and found it most rewarding. Answer to b): The basic necessities in the labour field in a developing country are to bring the trade union movement to the country side and the man in the street. A strong trade union movement organised on democratic principles gives the worker confidence in democracy. They should be made to believe that by becoming members of trade unions they could improve their social and economic position through collective bargaining with the employers. A good propaganda machinery which can either be publication or movies would be the best media for advertising trade union activity. A socialistic democracy where the worker plays an important role in increasing productivity and thus increasing his own earning should be the ultimate aim. Answer to c): sibni The IFBWW caters for workers in the building-, timber- and forest industry the world over. Their primary concern should be to bring these workers into the fold of the IFBWW through trade unions. The part IFBWW plays in organising trade union in developing countries is helping the workers indirectly to improve their earning capacity through collective bargaining. In Malaysia for example the formation of the Sawmill and Timber Industry Workers' Union has enabled the workers for the first time in the timber industry to carry out collective bargaining with the employers. This Union will in time come to be one of the largest organisations in Malaysia. The IFBWW should not expect immediate return by way of affiliation fees until the union organised by the IFBWW and its funds are well established. oin the IFBWW fold. ( d With the above few points in view the IFBWW- secretariat should be in a position to chart out a concrete programme of their future activities in developing countries which may be presented to the forthcoming Congress for its approval.jong en под a: WW831 ng of everl sw natemui seerit obnU.asznoqxs eldersbiano bavlovni birlw bns waiv ni emmangong stinitsb yllspitio arowana ati gaylene bns anoirasup 192 Activities in Asia Most international secretariats have entered the Asian field of activities. The IFBWW is still lagging behind, and it is time to take a bold step for furthering their activities in the region. Japan should be the first country( d where the IFBWW should concentrate. The Union of Forest Employees has already established close liason with ( 0 the All Forestry Workers Union of Japan, and the Federation of Wood Workers of Japan. These contacts should be followed up by the IFBWW. The general secretary of the Union of Forest Employees was invited to attend the 3rd Delegates Conference of the All Forestry Workers Union of Japan with a membership of 75.000, in February this year, but could not accept the invitation due to want of funds. Japan is one of the most developed countries in Asia and an affiliation from Japan would give an impetus to other developed countries in the region to come it under the IFBWW fold. In this respect the IFBWW should arrange to send a representative from its Asian affiliate to have personal dialogue and contact with the Japanese unions. vilut on Que bne Australia and New Zealand are two other developed countries of the region which should also come under the IFBWW future programme of activities. noitsaimitoiv to noizz up erit ai vert nisgA aysbilor bns emit 10M Juo beins ad sonnes show lenoirszinsgio evitoette robe as bas 1syoloms sirl yd noifeaimitoiv to bisits -91 nwo ati mort noinu erit nur bins nwo ati no basta no ti nerw noisizoq sot noinus ghiainegro yllsm anoinu leniten bas spil ni neclshabnued vino bluoriz> how.lsnoissainsg10 zissy ows Jus asey own to boires 1900 298qxe air bris neziniego smits sasel is not vsq of alds ed bluoria WW sono weive not tsinstenose- WW831 arts yd not bellso ad bluora show asinsgio aris to hoge 2291001 bns © of job tee asenoqxe bus si WW1 ari vd beerzinimbs ed bluore about IIA artinom E views ni show bleit ert to nolaiviaqua llenovo not aldianoqast ad lliw orlw, noinu bersilitts ne to soitto aldianoqas WWER! or yd naxlebnu ai show douz serw yn sit eri vd juo bois vilsmon al alsioitto rlonsid bris anensed soitto 10t gninis, noitsoube to bleit erit al shots19dT.aspollo UTAOI ni no vinuoɔ nwo niert ni UTRDI erit yd bebivonq about mort entns lenoirs -mi taom arT.yenom to stasw s al vatnuoo énigolsvab e ni 2921u0o nwo ati toubrioo or 2TI 101 viasoen ers aidTasinuoo gniqolaveb ari ni 2TI zuohev at yd betɔelgen need ayswls asri noirsoube to bloit instioq s ni 219> how erit esinuo beqolaveb ni to sqo ni exiin.teamir 19> how srit to noitsoube oriz ai bisit es noinu obe s to zritened art of as 915ws Jon 916 verfTauoionoo noinu button 916 vino grigolevab -vloe al maldong airt nerfw bns maldong a svloe of noinus nioj veriT maris not ob пso anoinu absit larw of gnize1sqo 2TI auoiev arTasub noinu to insmysq non yd noinu erit to grizedmem mont tto qoib yerit be 10 900 level yoost 36 219xhow srit to nóitsoubs noinu ebst erit existebnu bluorla 29i1nuo grigolevab ni 120m ai show no sonsbize1 to sosiq ierit is aedmem vienibio art of auto 10 2921000 noinu absit yab ows erit of nwob levs no ansoitto boonelisqx bns benist owt to ano. Isaimondos amit sms erit te bns luteu ( S) 24 In a motion submitted by the Syndicat National des Travailleurs du Bâtiment et Bois, Dahomey, and in other motions submitted by the Union of Forest Employees, Malaysia, the question of the IFBWW's activity in developing countries is brought up. The motion simply suggests that this form of activity be intensified and that to this end a representative from the developing countries be appointed to the Executive Committee and a regional office for the developing countries be set up. The other motions go into these ideas in more detail and suggests that the IFBWW's activities in developing countries be increased. There is no need to give a detailed account of this aspect of the IFBWW's activity in connection with these motions, since the matter has already been thoroughly examined at congresses and on other occasions. Proof of this is to be found in the available records. It can be noted that the IFBWW and its decision- making bodies, the Congress, the Executive Committee and the Management Committee, fully realise how important it is to work in the developing countries. This work has, in fact, been given priority since the statutes have, for a long time now, provided for 20% of the membership fees being set aside for this purpose. No unanimity was, however, reached within the IFBWW as to the way in which these activities should be planned. This had serious consequences for the IFBWW, but a large majority at the Congress and within the Executive Committee supports this line of policy. Another aspect of this matter is that the IFBWW continues to have very limited resources. For quite some time now, the IFBWW has had 2 million members out of 3 million who pay full membership fees. At present, the membership fee amounts to 41.- Swiss francs per 100 members, which provides an income of 820,000 Swiss francs per year. The 20% set aside for work in the developing countries amount to approximately 164 Swiss francs per year. This does not allow for any great activities. The IFBWW used to receive an annual subsidy from the ICFTU's Solidarity Fund, but this organisation came up against financial difficulties a few years ago, and the subsidy was discontinued. The result is that IFBWW has to manage both the organisation and its activities on the membership fees alone and this is, of course, something to be proud of. On certain occasions, the IFBWW has received additional financial support for this kind of work from its member organisations in Scandinavia and Germany. This has been very valuable but does not cause any substantial changes in the state of affairs. The IFBWW's work in developing countries is at present carried out by two regional representatives: Mr. Sven Mattson who has been the representative for Africa for about 10 years now. Mr. Ake Wedin who has been the representative for Latin America since January 1st, 1972. The 20% set aside for activities in developing countries are used to pay their expenses. The IFBWW has no means of extending these activities; this must be regarded as an established fact. The Executive Committee suggests that the Congress increase the membership fee and that in connection with this the statutes be amended with regard to the financial resources to be set aside for work in developing countries. The Executive Committee proposes that as from January 1st, 1973, each member pay 15.- Swiss francs towards this work. At the present membership of 2 million, this would yield approximately 300,000 Swiss francs per year which is more than the sum at present devoted to this form of activity and which should allow for an extension of this work. The increase in the membership fees is however justified by the rise in prices which will influence the cost of these activities in developing countries and limit the scope of any extension of the work. The Executive Committee satisfies a fundamental claim when it suggests that a representative from each of the three continents, Africa, Asia and Latin America be elected to the Executive Committee. This will involve a considerable increase in IFBWW's expenditure but the Executive Committee feels that it is of utmost importance for the trade unions on these great continents to have the possibility of putting their problems to the Executive Committee. During the last Congress period, the developing countries had a representative on the Executive Committee for the first time. Wider cooperation with the ICFTU and other trade secretariats in this field should enable the IFBWW to make the best possible use of its resources. It should, however, be stressed that the limited scope of the activities is not due to a lack of good- will on the part of the trade union organisations affiliated to the IFBWW. The IFBWW affiliates are unanimous in their conviction that these activities in developing countries are of paramount importance. There are still a number of organisations within the ICFTU which are not affiliated to the IFBWW although they should be. We must win over these organisations and thereby create a more solid foundation for an increase in the IFBWW's activities in general and for its work in developing countries in particular. The Executive Committee thus considers these motions to have been examined. 25 25 and moreover tomed the 19 amigo до golavab silt most 1 or ser aqua bne lietsb som ni zabi ear ofni og moltom arto ad que soindus prigoleveb ni bezeejoni ed ashtu to bring the trad to snugos belietob s ovie of been on ai gan field in a developing country org need ybsens 26 19 A Strong t nobom ezeru diw nomennoo.ni ivit orker confiden 60 100 to en noad Activitie skinezongen isnoigen ow) yd suo beinas Most international an and it is time to takege where the IFBWW should the All 3rd this restry the Mort dast ni Jez pried bén ainT bonnsla od bluora asisiviros szeri mimmo evitusex3 st iw bos ang the world over. Their primary smit ybia asst girlzodmam how WWE To does mot art rimil bos porno 21 martw misto la nebut artimmo ovirusx3 at or betoale ed spinamA nite 190 dalanes ni asitivitas ozert to 1800 silt sonsult immo evitusex3 ar rud unutibneqxe WW31 ni ezsenoni sidenebianco a evlovni lliwy sinT hier gnituq to vtilidizzoq erit ever os menino isang exert no anoinu obaw ad not sonomi tomou to al ne s beri asiumuoo onigoleveb or boineq segno test sri pniu satrimmo svituoox ars of ameldong 1082 ebi artto- bos UTRO1 st risiw nobenegooo tebi amit seit or not saimmo svituoux et no evite 29010281 21 to sau aldizzoq raad sri solom or WWR ed eldene bluoda blait air ni ateist 913 18 no lliw- boog to loss or sub ton al zsitivitos art to aqoos besimit arts er besta ed avewon, bluora 11 Ti nizominonu ons sorsilitts WWER TWWR art of bersilitte anoiteainego npinu sbet ar to 116q arb to edmun a liz sa s sonsmoqmi nuomsiq to ss ashtu niqolaveb nizsitivite se ter noitaivnos niw zum W.ed bluoriz yorts riquortle WWBR1 art of beteiliths ton es roidw UT301 of niriw anofsainagio ni zsitivitos a WWS1 er al ease oni ne tot nolebnuot bilos stoms etseno ydener, bne anoitsainspo saart hovo sasenoni nalupinaq ni sahnuoo gnigoloveb ni show azi not bns leveneg banimexs need aved of anoitom azeri anabianos zur estrimmo svirusex3 T 26 INCOME Affiliated societies' contributions Austria Belgium dworkers Denmark SQ, EET.OES AT.010.08S 5.38.08 AFTEC.08 10,481 09.491.21 28,258. 28.61 8$ 508. 28,120.08 Frescase a Great ES NE ET S18.E 80.000.25 82,288. 00,00 25 USA kers ( CISL) IFBWW( see statement 2), engineers rest incoA stutibriaqx3 bns emoon! InucosA over.Ert or caer.Ar most bojny 29.325.00 2.875,00 68.000,00 4.600,00 578,00 7.154.15 8.126.40 BAUTIOMSX3 ACCOUNTS gning blorezuoH 1969-70 33. soitto to ( tress of) sonitril bos 73.780.05 noitslan 5462mong no dodawarigi 46.074.08.noi8 ngisqmsa pria vitos lsnoigel 68 10: 3.2 0,90 494 700,00 212.557,41 24.373.30 3.400.00 1.734.10 5,134.10 5.751.40 28.769.73 24.754.10 28 28.750.0 1.2 287.501,01 296.722.81 27 Income and Expenditure Account for the period from 1.4.1969 to 31.3.1970 EXPENDITURE Salaries. Fares and delegates expenses Postage, telephone and telegrams Property and light Sundry expenses. Office cleaning Printing and stationery Household.. Representation 230.733,92 230.010,74 30.652,71 30.721,14 154,07 15.194,90 27.875,55 713,85 11.607,28 59.051,85 Publications Insurances. 5.982,90 Pension funds: general secretary and staff. 56.922,85 Pensions: Mrs Van Achterberg. Arne Hagen 1.752,97 19.686,04 Oluf Larsen 2.400,00 23.839,01 Maintenance of office machines. 2.095,88 Depreciation: Furniture and fittings( 10 percent) 4.801,65 Office machines( 20 percent).. 2.421,11 7.222,76 Translations 21.817,48 3.812,13 Nightwatch on premises Bank commission. " IFBWW congress 1969. ICFTU/ IFBWW housing committee. Funeral costs, Egon Henriksen Regional activities and organising campaign Balance. 28 485,70 178.293,31 15.000,00 1.685,38 225.400,00 117.449,40 Sw.Fr. 1.296.722,81 INCOME Affiliated societies' contributions Austria Belgium Denmark Building and woodworkers Building and woodworkers General workers . • Plumbers Electricians.. Glaziers. Painters. • ТИЗМЕТАТЕ brelona ni WW81.ed to trucose T 29.325,00 2.875,00 4.600,00 578,00 7.154,15 74.820,80 68.000,00 Sven Mattsson Bricklayers. 8.126,40 Volvo AB Tran Stoneworkers. 194,35 Bank Finland Stuccoworkers Woodworkers. General workers. 10,80 30.423,25 83.286,95 1.102,75 Electricians. 3.450,00 brie 20167 Repair workers 82,50 " B Col apadnego Forestry workers. 1.994,68 lingAolzO Buil Pipefitters. 460,00 ixnizleH Plum Wood processing industry workers 10.328,00 Woodworkers. 11.358,50 28.776,43 Sen France Building and woodworkers 15.000,00 Germany try 261.976,55tge2 vivA- loT Building workers. Woodworkers. Great Britain NFBTO( see statement 1). Furniture workers Israel of Italy Building workers. Woodworkers. Building and woodworkers( CISL).. Oct LuxembourgBuilding and woodworkers Netherlands Building workers 96 72.950,00 334.926,55 68.570,48 11.000,00 79.570,48 Oret dosMal 33.692,75 21.775,00 55.467,75 3.580,50 1.275,00 73.780,05 Furniture workers Catholic building workers. Norway General workers. Building workers Electricians. Bricklayers. Forestry workers. Woodworkers. . Sweden Switzerland Surinam Woodworkers. • Paid over to IFBWW( see statement 2). Building and woodworkers Turkey embers Building workers.. Elec Woodworkers. ... USA General workers Bricklayers. Forest Electricians. Stonew Operating engineers Wo Upholsterers 08 Faras Woodworkers.. Venezuela Febr Building workers.00.e2 Balance 1970 Postal 00.108.1 5,48 Bank Bank interest..... 00 00.52a.t 5.462,50 46.074,08 3.898,50 125.316,63 ТИЗМЭТАТВ to in T 26.904,50 2.875,00 2.498,27 10.150,00 3.200,90 49.527,17 700,00 212.557,41 24.373,30 3.400,00 bas 1.734,10 5.134,10 5.751,40 nu ne8 28.769,73 Anita anime? 24.754,10 ejegeleb bas 28.750,00 28.750,00 900,73 117.675,96 7.511,98 1.287.501,01 9.221,80 D.Kr. 1.296.722,81 29 STATEMENT 1: anoitudinoo aoirsiboa betailMA ЗМОЗИ The account of the IFBWW in England 00,000.80 219howboow bns pribli จา ย howboow bers onitstitutest sinzuA muiple8 00,298.0 00,218.S 00,000.A 00,812 ar arx PENDITURE 04.891.8 hemnea anscmul Balance at Cooperative Bank on 1st April 1969.. NFBTO contributions II 1969 NFBTO wreath E. Henriksen. G.F. Smith, repayment of loan received in Copenhagen Fares and delegates expenses Copenhagen, April 1969 Oslo, April 1969.. How Helsinki, May 1969 Brussels, May 1969 Geneva, July 1969 Stockholm, August 1969 Tel- Aviv, September 1969. Publications" The Sun" T Bank commission. Cheque book. Balance at cooperative bank on 31st March 1970 Depreciations 00.211.1 fittings( 10 percent). ines( 20 percent) Tran Nig 20.08.ET 80 AC0.84 STATEMENT 2: The account of the IFBWW in Sweden Regi Balance 00 09.009.8 00.00% 1969 DETE.AS Balance on 26th March 1969 Postal cheque account Bank account... Seminars Latin America Fares and delegates expenses Oslo, April 1969. Luxembourg, April 1969 ode Helsinki, May 1969 Copenhagen, May 1969. Geneva, June 1969. 30 paign Expenditure Income 806. 4.11 5178.15. O 230.733,92 230.010,74 5.11.11 30.652.71 20. 0. 0 247.17. O exhow is 159.11. O how ya 30.729nia 154.07 15.194,90 27.875,55 877.10. 0.. istrilegi 713,85 152.19. O plaesson booW 11.607.28 118.10. 0 showbooW 59.051,85 235.15. O 5.9829013 2031. 4. 0 3823. 6. 0 10. 8. 0 ( f them 2.14. 9 5. O 2173.18. 1 niting se 23.839.01 Jasal £ 6010.11.10 £ 6010.11.10 Visi show theshow gnibliud ollarit 3.812.13 485.70 13:31 ameshow pribliu8 225.400,00 117.449,40 ameshow 10 1.296.722.81 meninu2 ( Sinongotste 982) WWE of svo bis Expenditure showboow be prichy nebow2 Income anschow gnibliu8 89,71 219yowbooW 220.968,00 221.058,05 15.644,00 954,00 1.385,60 1.975,90 estaloriqu anechowbooW 1.769,00 show gnibliu8 sleuseneV 4.351,50 Copenhagen, June 1969 1.592,00 Stockholm, July 1969 100,00 Amsterdam, August 1969. 1.557,00 12919> na 13.685,00 LIABILITIES Sven Mattsson. Volvo AB Translations Bank commission. Wreath E. Henriksen. Bank interest. Contributions II 1969 Building workers... Plumbers . . teerle sonsled bezabiloano 08 M E 27522A 20.450,00 14.432,00 112,00 37,00 105,50 5.028,29 is abspab 33.876,38 883,14 Electricians. 4.949,00 ea Service and maintenance staff 5.154,04 Painters. 4.594,80 Forestry workers. 5.455,33 Stoneworkers. Woodworkers. IFBWW congress Fares and delegates expenses Copenhagen, August 1969. Geneva, October 1969.. 681,66 13.630,12 @bna shirlemesi10 bieq 0S) noissione : nozettsM nev2 suo enitub baysq 69.224,47 64 9.093,00 song 7.059.56 16.368,00 2.138,45 Brussels, October/ November 1969 4.273,00 Copenhagen, November 1969.. 572,00 Geneva, November/ December 1969. 6.931,50 14.277,95 Bank interest . 6.939,87 Volvo AB Sven Mattsson. J. Löfblad, pension fund Folksam, insurances. Representation Geneva. Publications 17.000,00 1.470,00 33.745,00 912,86 from 157,00 133,00 my nations sas at 1970 from Contributions| 1970 Building workers. 37.221,75 Plumbers 963,90 Electricians. 5.121,00 Copenhage Service and maintenance staff 11.301,71 Painters.. 5.023,40 AA Low Forestry workers. 5.628,74 accountant Stoneworkers. 712,38 Woodworkers. 14.901,55 80.874,43 . Fares and delegates expenses Geneva, February 1970. 5.337,00 Balance on 6th March 1970 Postal cheque account. Bank account. 5,48 236.523,32 236.528,80 D.Kr. 383.120,11 383.120,11 31 337 Consolidated balance sheet as at 31st March 1970 ASSETS 00.08.08 00.SEAML Cash in hand Cash in bank Income 32.813,23 533.137,06 no1M nev2 BA ovloV 565.950,29 Cash held on IFBWW accounts Sweden( Sw.Kr. 236.528,80). Great Britain(£ 2. 317.18. 0) • Freehold Property: 5, Ewaldsgade at cost. Furniture and fittings as at 1st April 1969 8... Depreciation( 10 percent per annum).€ 88 Office machines and typewriters as at 1st April 1969. Depreciation( 20 percent per annum) Sven Mattsson: sum due on 1st April 1969 payed during course of year Deposit with electricity company Printing( balance in hand).. 00,888 20.TTS.AT BA BET.S 00, ETS.A 00, Sta STATEMENT 00,000.ST 00.00A 88, se 00.tar 00 CET 08.rɛe.a Baer 342.966,76 39.130,28 382.097,04 129192ni xine eaer 11 414.858,03 48.016,46 how pribliu8 4.801,65 12.105,56 Heta. 2.421,11 382626,49 626,49 43.214,81 ism bns 9.684,45 19Owen 0,00 21910 1.000,00 22912.000,00 D.Kr. 1.418.804,62 Anes3.10 alszeun8 veneD tesisini ins@ noM nav2 BA ovloV baut noiansq baldtöl 29squani msallo no noisineeerge anoitsbildu Seminars Latin Fards and CA A18.08 Helsink Copenha Geneva, Ju 1969 Copenhage June 1969 at rss.re 09.839 00.11.2 15,108.14 04 ESO.2 AT.858.8 BESTE 28.109.AT 89,71 over Expen cer I andlatelano eshow gnibliu8 avadmul9 2180 220.968.00 Mere conseiniem bre o 5305 4.3 84,2 Stockholm, Jul0898.0 SE ES2,8£ s. 1.592: 00 100,00 1.557.00 TOST.EBE 01.08€ 2.0 me how reso aishoweno12 naxhowbooW saneqxs asdspelob bas 2017 over visunde evene Over donem do no sonsla Shuodos superio iste 13.685.00 32 LIABILITIES enutibneqx3 Various creditors: debt on mortgage Solidarity fund Spain as at 1st April 1969. 00 payed out during year Solidarity fund Finland. Solidarity fund Greece. IFBWW assistance programme 1969/1970 do Balance as at 1st April 1969. Received from: 85. 00 ICFTU outstanding amount from 1968 00ILO for Latin America.. 003 IFBWW.. Less paid to: 40,888 er 00Seminars Latin America Turkey Malawi Zambia Malaysia. General fund topbud er risiw beam as euibnsqxB over..re of 8081.AT most stay or nat Jegbud bns: C rter.e.re of over 7 mort way or not togbud er riw bossqmoo as antibneqx3 24.875,00 28286.829,52 leb bnd 42.408,12 node44.421,40 314.257,78 24.935,71 39.600,21 25.082,24 22.488,75 225.400,000 zbnut 587.228,77 triA neV M nepsH 64.222,06 7.059,56 zenidlom soitto to 16.274,21 zealmenq to cons 137.656,12 51.356,19 276.568,141 310.660,63 sonimmoo gniauori 974.311,67 D.Kr. 1.418.804,62 00.000.8 C 00.000. asnirloom soitto bas apnistit bna stutimut to nolietosik dosm 00.00 have obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of my knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of my audit. In my opinion proper books of accounts have been kept by the Federation. I have examined the above balance sheet and the annexed income and expenditure account which are in agreement with the books of accounts and vouchers and the annexed returns from the affiliated societies. In my opinion and to the best of my information and according to the explanations given to me: a) The balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Federation's affairs as at 31st March, 1970, and b) The income and expenditure account supplemented by the returns from the affiliated societies gives a true and fair view of the financial position for the year ended on that date. Copenhagen, 16th April 1970 ( signed) A.A. Lawder, FCIS accountant 33 Expenditure as compared with the budget for the year from 1.4.1969 to 31.3.1970 and Draft budget for the year from 1.4.1970 to 31.3.1971 Expenditure as compared with the budget Expenditure Budget AL 230.733,92 325.000,00 Salaries Travelling and delegates expenses Postage, telephone and telegrams Property and light 230.010,74 2 235.000,00 Sundry expenses Office cleaning 30.652,71 26.000,00 30.721,14 18.000,00 154,07 1.000,00 no bas 15.194,90 15.000,00 Printing and stationery. Household. 27.875,5530.000,00 713,85 2.000,00 Representation 11.607,28 15.000,00 Publications 59.051,85 100.000,00 Insurances 5.982,90 8.000,00 Pension funds: General Secretary and staff 56.922,85 15.000,00 Pensions Mrs Van Achterberg. 1.752,97 1.400,00 Arne Hagen 19.686,04 17.000,00 Prom Oluf Larsen 2.400,00 2.400,00 Maintenance of office machines " Maintenance of premises . Translations Nightwatch on premises Bank commission. 2.095,88 3.000,00 0,00 30.000,00 21.817,48 60.000,00 3.812,13 3.500,00 485,70 1.000,00 ICFTU/ IFBWW housing committee IFBWW congress 1969. Depreciation of furniture and fittings and office machines Library and inventory, machines.. Regional activities and organising campaign. Funeral costs, Egon Henriksen 15.000,00 15.000,00 178.293,31 75.000,00 7.222,76 8.000,00 0,00 15.000,00 225.400,00 do 225.400,00 1.685,38 as not yis 0,00 D.Kr. 1.179.273,41 1.247.200,00 igo 16 26 21 bos Bunz T bns M sus asvip asiteloos botsilitts srit most anuse at yd betnsmetqque nos quibnsqxs bns smoon ofT sabri no bebna hasty sit not noisoq lsionenit arts to welv hist bns ( d oter AA Ubongle) 34 34 Draft budget Salaries. Travelling and delegates expenses Postage, telephone and telegrams Rent, heat and light.. .1970 250.000,00 250.000,00 30.000,00 40.000,00 Sundry expenses Office cleaning Printing and stationery Household. 1.000,00 15.000,00 30.000,00 2.000,00 Representation Publications 15.000,00 50.000,00 Insurances 8.000,00 Pension funds: General Secretary and staff 30.000,00 Pensions Mrs Van Achterberg. 1.400,00 Arne Hagen Oluf Larsen Maintenance of office machines. Removal 23.000,00 2.400,00 3.000,00 20.000,00 Translations 30.000,00 Nightwatch on premises Bank commission. Conferences ICFTU/ IFBWW housing committee. IFBWW congress 1972. Depreciation of furniture and fittings and office machines Library, inventaries and machines Regional activities and organising campaigns. 5.000,00 1.000,00 60.000,00 15.000,00 100.000,00 8.000,00 15.000,00 240.000,00 D.Kr. 1.244.800,00 35 36 Expenditure 00.000.085 00.000,035 00,000 00. 00. 230.733.92 325 00,00 29038162 230.010.74 292090 amangala bris phoriqelet 15.19 00 pitsta bns 11,607,28 59.051 25 00.000.03 anoisildu 5.982.90 00.000-8 00,00 00,000.CS 00: 00A 09.000. 00.000.00 00 1000 using 00,000.04$ 00,008.MAS... a 66.922.85. 1.752.97 gasdistroA ng nopeHamA 2.400,00 2.095.88 agnirloom agito to sogeneticM 00 21.61738 3.812.13 15.000,00 178.29331 bne apni brs stuu angisqmiso po D.Kr. 1.1 www bos 200,00 nuoooA exutibneqx3 brs emoon! INCOME Affiliated Societies Contributions rter jete donsM of over jer linqA to boiteq erit not Austria Belgium Bermuda Building and woodworkers 45.987.93 Building and woodworkers 17.788,00 Denmark Industrial union Genera 469.90 21.460,78 Ph Glaziers et, sat.aor 18.80x.sor $ 0.805.es 2.409,00 3.020,00 119,00 8.905,31 Эятияха 5.201.73 1970-71 08.188.5 A1.800.A 2a, ore.re £ 0.089 a Pipet TE, TE. 22.383.or 08.008.E Furc 81.8.8 Statement 1) ( CISL)- 01.883.05 08.prast 00,893.ss dd do'ata sour 30/000/010 ar TS5.08 00, CAT.Ca Buildin Fun Catholic Wond For Brick BA, SES.258 88,8.87 Bu Ge AE, 000.00 11.w Sweden Roo Ston Switzerland Turkey USA pninsel Ster.c.re soitto to Ins analisan bns and 186.652,62 sonsuan 45.260.00 29nim apnitsit bos sutimut soffo alshembna asilqque a eni set soitto lovediggiet bns consinist 22.384,92 anoitsi eettimmo pnizuoH ngisqueo pnisinheiti IsnoipsA zeniram soitto bns agniti mut 2.107.5 3.650.00 548,05 noleimmoo ЯneB smooni to 0x3 2.474.70 28.362.41 796,43 600.85 3.837,53 4.512.00 12.570,60 FBWW( Statement 2) 49.935.92 72.253,43 and woodworkers 26.245.70 1.165.00 8.750,00 18.250.00 18.250.00 3.492,60 Oper Labourers Venezuela Building workers Bank interest Rents received Congress expenses repaid 730,00 13.708.40 7.838.85 37 32 Income and Expenditure Account for the period of April 1st, 1970 to March 31st, 1971 EXPENDITURE Salaries " Delegates Expenses and Fares. Postage, telephone and telegrams Property, heating, lighting and cleaning Rent of office, Geneva, to 31.3.1972 Printing and stationery. Publications and translations. Insurances. Office machines Office furniture and fittings Office supplies and materials 106.764,79 102.706,81 13.252,45 25.266,02 17.887,50 . • 4.909,14 31.910,55 5.930,03 1.537,37 10.686,55 3.600,20 1.136,79 9.778,18 783,40 Maintenance and repairs of office machines Representations Sundry expenses Pensions.. Removal charges. IFBWW Congress 1969 International Housing Committee Regional activities and organizing campaign Depreciation, furniture, fittings and office machines IFBWW Congress 1972.. Bank commission.. Excess of income over expenditure. 38 29.588,70 12.614,80 22.698,00 8.635,00 127.398,05 30.227,15 57.143,00 777,91 625.232,48 18.776,86 Sw.Fr. 644.009,34 INCOME Affiliated Societies' Contributions Austria Building and woodworkers Belgium Bermuda Building and woodworkers Industrial union Denmark General workers Plumbers Electricians. Glaziers. RECEIPTS Painters. 45.982,93 17.788,00 468,90 21.460,78 2.409,00 3.020,00 119,00 6.905,31 Bricklayers. Stoneworkers 5.201,73 113,40 Woodworkers. 19.719,33 Ethiopia Woodworkers. 58.948,55 342,10 Finland Electricians. 2.190,00 Woodworkers. 4.997,00 Wood processing industry workers 2.139,37 Pipefitters. 292,00 Forestry workers. 5.113,88 14.732,25 Germany Building workers. 166.652,62 Woodworkers. 45.260,00 211.912,62 Ghana Timber and woodworkers. 34,00 Building workers. 842,51 876,51 Great Britain Furniture workers 7.000,00 agan A NFBTO transfer of Funds( see Statement 1) 22.384,92 29.384,92 Italy Building and woodworkers( CISL). 2.045,34 Iceland Building workers.. Ireland Transport and general workers Luxembourg Building and woodworkers 523,85 3.650,00 1712547,50 Netherlands Building workers. . Furniture workers 15.350,48 1.592,50 2177.10.5 Norway Forestry workers. Catholic building workers. Woodworkers. Bricklayers. Electricians. Building workers. 29.504,90 46.447,88 2.107,51 3.650,00 Cowder 1.548,05 1.825,00 16.757,15 General workers 2.474,70 28.362,41 Sweden Roofing workers 796,43 Stoneworkers 600,85 Painters.. 3.837,63 Electricians. 4.512,00 Woodworkers 12.570,60 Paid over to IFBWW( Statement 2) 49.935,92 72.253,43 Switzerland Building and woodworkers 26.245,70 Turkey USA Woodworkers. 1.155,00 Upholsterers 8.750,00 Operating engineers 18.250,00 Bricklayers. 18.250,00 Labourers Woodworkers 3.492,60 730,00 Painters. Electricians. Venezuela Building workers. 13.708,40 7.838,85 71.019,85 4.302,50 636.990,24 Bank interest. Rents received. Congress expenses repaid Sw.Fr. 644.009,34 1.683,30 2.354,20 2.981,60 39 99 for 00,885. 08,88A 85,08A.IS 00,00A.S 00.090.8 00, eft EXPENDITURE TE, 200.8 Ex.10.2 OPETT 00.091.S 00.1826 es sa.caa.aar 00,089.2A anoitudinino' assion2 bersilitiA ЗМОРИ echowboow bns pribliu8 sitauA showboow bris gnibliu@ muigle8 noinu ishtzubn! aburmea anaxhow sens shamned 21edmul 102,706,81 aevalii showen18 106.754,79 218xhowboow 219xhowbooW 279xhowbooW askowy zubni gniazsoon booW astritegi how yes107 anschow pribliu8 219xhowbooW 21showboow bns redmiT ..anexhow pnibliu8 29 tow รา มาก มา pigoin 25 bocinia 17.887,50 4.909,14 31.910,55 1.537.37 10.65 3.600,20 se A85.SS ( 1 nomre12 ( J210) abmu to stane OTSAM showboow bas gnibliu8 anaxhow pribliu8 9.778.18 78749 29.580 12.614,80 00 Commine TAS88.88 02.103.es 00.028. 20.82.1 00.258.1 OTATAS EA aer 28,008 00, STA 08.018.st SACS.ST Oteps.as 00.821.1 88,010.1X 03.SUE.A AS.000 888 aca 08.888.r 00,025.8 00,025.81 00,085.8 08,59AE 00,00 04.80.81 28.808.5 08.ree.s AE, 000.A0914.w2 40 2ne Tow I reneg bns Dogane T 219x10wboow bns griblius meshow pribliu8 mehow stimul 21show gnibliud oilortze 219> howbooW 219how video10 anevalsling ensiontosla 22 30.227.15 57.143,00 625.232,48 18.776,86 219 how gnibliu8 exhow itong Fr. 844,009,34 219> how pritoof 218> howen012. 210 nis9 ansiontos exhowbooW ( Sim2) WWBR1 of 19vo bis anchowboow bns pribli eel TowbooW. 21519taloriqu aveenigne grits190 aeysblong 2191uods. anexhowbooW 218tnisq anskohtel anschow gnibliu8 12019 ins8 bevieges minisk bisqen zeensqxe asign00 nabsw2 brishestiw2 VouT A2U stousensV The account of the IFBWW in England for the year ending 31st March, 1971 tearle consled betsbiloen63 rter dos tett RECEIPTS Balance at Cooperative Bank, 1st April, 1970 Cheque book refund. Bank interest.. Less commission. IFB 00.1 April 1670 21.8SS.08 at TSS 08 B B .0) 1200 TA song slee, sulsv( 20,888 oter JhqA tal to as antiweqy] bns senior 27322A 2173.18. 1 4. 2 5.11. 5 2. 3. 3 I 3. 8. 2 £ 2177.10. 5 304 41 9.491,81 PAYMENTS Delegation Expenses and Fares 71.305,40 4.046,00 Copenhagen, April, 1970. 207.11. 0 Geneva, June, 1970 Geneva, September, 1970. 147. 2. 6 81. 0. 0 435.13. 6 " The Sun", Publications sent to head office. Clerical charges Balance of account transferred to head office, Geneva have rmation and explanations which so the udit. In my opinion proper books of sheet and the annexed income and and vouchers and the annexed retur ion and Certified Correct: A. A. Lawder 19.10. 6 10. 0. 0 1712. 6. 5 £ 2177.10. 5 a) 31s of the Federati bl The income by the returns from the true and fair view of the financial position for the year ended on that date. with the remova Gene sva and includes sums received by way of contributions from the electrical workers, USA, D.Kr. 12.361,80, woodworkers Union, Finland, D.Kr. 8.550,00 and building Mazdoor union, India, D.Kr. 377,23. Ganeve 1971 ( signed) AA. Lawler, FOIS accountant 41 Consolidated balance sheet as at 31st March, 1971 boslen ni WW8R1 ort to trucos srit Fordons el qnibns neey art not ASSETS Cash in hand Cash in bank Cash on Danish account Cash held on IFBWW account Sweden( Sw.Kr. 326.976,77). Freehold Property: 5, Ewaldsgade at cost( D.Kr. 414.858,03) value, sale price. Furniture and fittings, office machines and typewriters as at 1st April, 1970 Less: amount written off 6 stack a.or.or 0.001 2 a STEE 42 3 S SA 0.018 АТЧІЗОВА 10.016,941800D is consis 429.833,32 439.850,26 27.922,37 noi 271.390,71 328.643,00 30.228,15 30.227,15 1,00 Sw.Fr. 1.067.807,34 ЭТИЗМУАЯ oser JhqA negerineqo 2018f senal.eventee eitto bear of inse nois Deildunu2 adT" svene sof beef of boneters Incos to sonsis8 LIABILITIES Solidarity fund Spain Solidarity fund Finland... Solidarity fund Greece... IFBWW regional activities fund Balance as at 1st April 1970. IFBWW. Less paid to: Pro Turkey Zambia Be Rhodesia Co Malaysia. 100 Nigeria General fund 00.002.8 00.000. .2018.. 00.283.8 regbud er driw basqmod as sutibnsqx3 bne topbud# 610 ster.e.rercer.Army 177.520,36 127.398,05 25.383,65 14.248,97 22.628,69 304.918,41 9.491,81 71.305,40 4.046,00 1.258,40 4.128,25 90.229,86 214.688,55 790.857,48 Sw.Fr. 1.067.807,34 I have obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of my knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of my audit. In my opinion proper books of accounts have been kept by the Federation. I have examined the above balance sheet and the annexed income and expenditure account which are in agreement with the books of accounts and vouchers and the annexed returns from the affiliated societies. a) b) In my opinion and to the best of my information and according to the explanations given me: The balance sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Federation's affairs as at 31st March, 1971, and The income and expenditure account supplemented by the returns from the affiliated societies gives a true and fair view of the financial position for the year ended on that date. The cash balance held in Denmark was to meet incidental expenses in connection with the removal to Geneva and includes sums received by way of contributions from the electrical workers, USA, D.Kr. 12.361,80, woodworkers Union, Finland, D.Kr. 6.550,00 and building Mazdoor union, India, D.Kr. 377,23. Geneva, 7th May, 1971 ( signed) A.A. Lawder, FCIS accountant 43 Expenditure as compared with the budget for the year 1.4.1970- 31.3.1971 and Draft budget for the year 1.4.1971- 31.3.1972 Expenditures in Comparison with budget Salaries Travelling and delegates expenses Post, telephone, telegrams. Property, light, heating, office cleaning and rent to March 31st, 1972 Sundry expenses. Office cleaning Printing and stationery. Household... Representation Publications( 30.000,00) and translations( 17.000,00) Insurances Pensions. 0... Maintenance of office machines. Removal to Geneva.... Nightwatch on premises Bank commission. Conferences.. ICFTU/ IFBWW international housing committee IFBWW congress 1972. Depreciations of furniture and fittings and office machines Library, inventaries and machines and office supplies.c Regional activities bi IFBWW congress Tel- Aviv 1969. cem nevig anoitensiqxe erit or gnibrocos bns noi of noitsmotni Expend Budget BAL 43.153,53 106.764,798 bn 142.800,00 102.706,81 b 142.800,00 13.252,45 b 17.000,00 23.000,00 783,40 600,00 8.500,00 4.909,14 17.000,00 1.200,00 9.778,18 1.088.500,00 31.910,55 47.000,00 5.930,03 4.600,00 29.588,79 32.500,00 1.136,79 1.800,00 12.614,80 12.000,00 3.000,00 777,91 600,00 34.000,00 8.635,00 8.500,00 57.143,00 57.000,00 noltamol mot 30.227,15 isido 4.600,00 US y 15.824,12 ar to 8.500,00 127.398,05 137.000,00 22.698,00 nem Sw.Fr. 625.232,48 22 16 712.500,00 ong al tearla sonsled an adT bne verronsM telE ( e is es mists' noidab art to waiv ist bns out a sidirixe of as oz qu w tu ( d sunt aasvig zeitsioos bossilitta silt mont amute erit yd bernemeloque os equibneqxs bits smooni srT etab tart no babae 1ssy art not noirisoq isionsnit erit to wsiv is bas -ne of levomated diw noitengo ni esensque letnebioni team of asw shema ni blar sonsled reso erT sriw 08.188.c.1.0 A2U anexow Isonoole art montanoitudinod to yew yd bevisas amua asbuloni bns sve ESTTE 1.0, sibel, noinu noobs M pribliud bns 00,038.8.1.0 bralni noinU ashowboow 44 tet ved avens 2109 news AA ( bangi) Report of the Auditing Committee for the financial year 1970/71 segbud er grimsono anoiteediled ster.c.re-rter.At to boheqerit not Draft budget 00,000 Salaries. Travelling and delegates expenses Post, telephone telegrams. Rent, office cleaning, heat and light Sundry expenses. Printing and stationery. Representation presel tripil bris Publications Insurances Pensions. Office furniture, machines, maintenance and repairs Bank commission. Conferences ICFTU/ IFBWW housing committee. IFBWW congress 1972. Regional activities Translations eris need asri Reserve to the disposal of the executive committee " inc 130.000,00 120.000,00 15.000,00 21.000,00 1.000,00 8.000,00 10.000,00 40.000,00 7.000,00 35.000,00 2800115.000,00 1.000,00 40.000,00 600 9.000,00 noite 55.000,00 160.000,00 20.000,00 687.000,00 to na 113.000,00 Sw.Fr. 800.000,00 ni. banon tai neist need earl yislez e Printing and station neeq af yd besseroni need sver.ote asaneque astegeleb bna gnillaven( S OT Here expenditure proved to be Sw. Fr. 00.000,00 wobei need yirigila zar noms erf 3. ead( E OT Puigiditando.00.000.81.13.we of gnitnuoms the arts sebuloni enugit air zartz beton sd bluora 11 ( A OT attributed to nes immo paribus th In comparison with the bu estimate expenditure was Sw.Fr. 15.000/ bel bisq alana en 169y nces: bilduq 101 beremitze es 00,000.00.wa.ylst outers adt to ingen sri bna 1sey 6 semis quot bezgani sd of berlenolaneq not betephud moms odT( or ot been touched he planned Youth levenge The rema the -280en arts 101 thuoms as es llev The Auditing Committee keeping and all the cortuni Nr. 1 Mr. Henry 970/71 correspo to noitesga onsnstnism asbuloni men to check by 150. They rec To assion Plathe bookral Secre pan al nuoms ain dot batsnitab al inwoms sint(@toT ai 00,000 Sw to stor a ing ommittee abo The Au 00,000: 008 w 00,000.188 19. joms ns of qualstor sqx3 BAT Finally we wish to thank comp Genevs 1971- An 45 Deliberations concerning the budget for the period of 1.4.1971- 31.3.1972 31.3.1972 2) 1) Salaries. Travelling and delegates expenses 3) Post, telephone, telegrams. " 4) Rent, office cleaning and light 5) Sundry expenses 6) Printing and stationery 7) Representation 8) Publications and translations. 9) Insurances.. 10) Pensions. 11) Office furniture, machines and maintenance. Bank commission. Conferences ICFTU/ IFBWW housing committee. 12) 13) 14) 15) IFBWW congress 1972.. 16) Regional activities 17) Translations To 1) 130.000,00 120.000,00 15.000,00 21.000,00 1.000,00 8.000,00 10.000,00 672 40.000,00 7.000,00 35.000,00 15.000,00 1.000,00 Sw.fr. 40.000,00 9.000,00 55.000,00 WW160.000,00 20.000,00 687.000,00 On account of the office removal from Copenhagen to Geneva not all the personnel granted has been taken on, For this reason, in drawing up the budget, the Auditing Committee has taken into account the employment of another clerk as soon as possible. As the General Secretary has not received an increase in salary since the last congress in Tel- Aviv, despite the considerable increase in the cost of living in Switzerland, a possible 15 percent increase of the General Secretary's salary has been taken into consideration. To 2) Travelling and delegates expenses etc. have been increased by 15 percent. To 3) The amount has slightly been increased to Sw. Fr. 15.000,00. To 4) 712 00:00 To 8) It should be noted that this figure includes the rent amounting to Sw. Fr. 16.000,00 for the next budgetyear. The rent is paid in advance. The auditing committee considers that the items" publications and translations" are to be entered separately. Sw. Fr. 40.000,00 are estimated for publications. This amount includes the bulletin which appears four times a year and the reprint of the statute. To 10) The amount budgeted for pensions had to be increased, as the possible increase in the General Secretary's salary results in higher pension rates. Furthermore, this amount includes the former General Secretary's pension, whose pension increase depends on the actual General Secretary's salary. To 11) The item includes maintenance and reparation of office equipment as well as an amount for the necessary purchase of office machines. To 13) This amount is required for the Youth Conference taking place in November 1971 in Gersau/ Switzerland. To 15) This amount is destinated for the IFBWW congress taking place in October 1972 in Brussels. This means that a total of Sw. Fr. 112.000,00 is now reserved for the congress. To 16) To 17) As far as the activity in the developing countries is concerned, reference is made to the statute, art. 10. Because of the continuously increasing translation rates the amount budgeted for this kind of work had to be increased by Sw. Fr. 3.000,00. Expenditure totals up to an amount of Sw. Fr. 687.000,00 whereas income is estimated at Sw. Fr. 800.000,00. The amount of Sw. Fr. 113.000,00 appears as excess of income over expenditure. 1971. The deliberations concerning the budget are part of the report of the Auditing Committee of May 8th, 46 Report of the Auditing Committee for the financial year 1970/71 The Auditing Committee met from 7-8 May, 1971 in Geneva in the presence of the following members: Armin Frei, Henry Hansen and Gerhard Vater. Further took part in the session: John Löfblad, General secretary, A.A. Lawder, auditor, and Ragna Melchior, recorder. The accounts for the financial year 1970/71, terminated as per 31.3.71, have been examined in details by the auditor. According to his declaration the books of account are properly and duly kept. All the vouchers and receipts had been submitted, and the payments had been made according to the decisions of the Federation and the Managing Committee. All the necessary informations and explanations have been readily given. The Auditing Committee had the pleasure to take cognizance of the satisfactory annual balance- sheet, inasmuch as the excess of income over expenditure amounts to Sw. Fr. 18.776,00, after Sw. Fr. 30.228,00 worth of furniture, machines and fittings had been written off to Sw. Fr. 1,00. Taking into account the selling profit of our real estate in Copenhagen of Sw. Fr. 92.174,00 the increase of fortune amounts to Sw. Fr. 235.500,00 in the report year. With regard to expenditure the following is to be noted: Salaries: This item amounted to Sw. Fr. 36.036,00 less than the sum of Sw. Fr. 142.800,00 budgeted for salaries, since for time reasons it has not yet been possible to take on the granted number of personnel. Travelling and delegates expenses: mated. Owing to the central situation of the secretariat this item amounted to Sw. Fr. 40.094,00 less than estiRent, light, heating and cleaning: According to the ICFTU's desire, the rent was paid one year in advance, i.e. till 31.3.72, which entailed an increase in expenditure of Sw. Fr. 11.653,00 as compared with the budget. Printing and stationery: Here expenditure proved to be Sw. Fr. 12.091,00 less than estimated. Publications and translations In comparison with the budget estimate expenditure was Sw. Fr. 15.090,00 less, which is to be attributed to reduced cost of translations. In order to allow a better general view the Auditing Committee decided that the cost for the bulletin should in future be entered separately. Conferences: The amount of Sw. Fr. 34.000,00 budgeted for conferences has not been touched, since the planned Youth Conference can only be held in November 1971. The remaining items of the budget estimate 1970/71 correspond more or less with the expectations. The Auditing Committee took the opportunity to check by means of spot- checks the accuracy of the bookkeeping and examined all the vouchers from Nr. 1- 150. They recommended to the General Secretary to examine these vouchers in future and to confirm this by his signature. A separate report has been drawn up concerning the budget deliberations 1971/72. Mr. Henry Hansen informed the Auditing Committee about the sale of the real estate in Copenhagen. In connection with this, the Auditing Committee had the pleasure to take note of the fact that the Head Office has been successfully transferred from Copenhagen to Geneva and that the transfer is as good as completed. The Auditing Committee also discussed several administrative questions, such as the General Secretary's salary increase, the purchase of a car, capital investment etc. Finally we wish to thank the General secretary and his collaborators for the excellent work they have accomplished during the report year despite the complication of their task on account of the transfer to Geneva. Geneva, 8 May 1971- Armin Frei, Henry Hansen, Gerhard Vater 47 Delibe for the period of 1.4.1971-21.3.1972 settimmo gnitibuA erit to A Torer 10y Isibnsnit er not To 502 priwollot brit to songs att ni svans hi rterysM 8- most tem settimmo gnitibuA vam nj sq oor verir.V bische bins meansH yineHis mm00,00 hobnobenoirbleMangaA bns notibus ebws: A.Av nd light 15. 100.00 21. 000.00 xe need ever! FT.E.18 190 as bazenimmer roter way leionenit or not woods 00.00 vlub bos yhegongens inwoods to blood or noitsislosb eird or gnibroooA.10ibue e bob od ot priblocos ebam nesd bari atnsmysq erit bns, bettimduz need bed at avari noitensiaxe bus anoitermotni viszon on IA.immo pripande uns vistas eris to sonatingos sis of squasalq art.berl settimmo gnitibuA 700,00 weerts, 00,0.8.we of atoms suribneqxe evo.emooni to zasowe od 00w2 or to nattiw need bed agnittit bns esnifloem! 000,00 w of atoms anunol to scotoni.erb 00, ATT Sewa to neps/ insqo ni 00 mingi snussiq : beron ed oral priwollot art sutibnsqxs of inspe rapbud 00,008. 00,008.CA.we to mu ortnari aael 00.000.88 57.w2 of barnuoma matian00,00 ey ton asr i encase oniz 00,00 bas grillevenT Coper the betsm ns bei To 2) bisemoo as 00 penses etc. have been increased by To 3) The To 4 of betudh Ta 10L To 11/ -xlood moni pning bayong uribnexe 1H on ban the rent amounting to Sw we asw stutibnsqxe atsmitee topbud art riw noahsqmo.nl tnol to som bro T.081 moo\ 08 atemites topbud eris to amari painismen T well as an amount for the neces foot saimmo gnifibuA SHT 1.M mortaisrouov erit lls benimaxe bns enige that ars to sise To 15) Thi To To 171 -Ise Exp totals up to edi bemotni nezneH vinaH.M Anob Hup evi mount of Sw. imbs is ovaz bazzuosib ozle estrimmo gnitibuA edT quotesdouter0,900,00 The owne 1971. 1970V bised mans vine ja nimA- fter yeM 8.evenso 48 insrit of raiw ew yllen thisay Grogeni sa grifbbdilqmoo INCOME Affiliated Societies Contributions AustriaBuilding and Woodworkers Belgium Bermuda Building and Industrial kers Denmark Genera Painters Plumbers Electricians Glaziers Bricklayers Stone kers 08.188. Woo 2,1848 Wo EMBE erser.pa 20, ISAT OE SOT.es Metal Wor Wood Forestry Workers Electrical Workers kers 0$, 380.01 Qcre.za 00.002.8 201 as ae8.cr 00.000.28 in AB.SET.S Ca 08/ 888.988 00018.800 Italy Luxembourg Norway Swaden Switzerland USA Labo Elec Turkey Venezuela But Bank Interest IoooA auribasqx3 bns emoon! ster et bieM of reer at InqA to boieqerit io 20.145.00 50. 34 389,12 2.550. 1971-72 403.32 16.734.63 apitaliz Vienoits12 bns phone 715.15 noi 929106A 370,00 and дей bildu 316.00 571.26 anoiene settimmo grizuoH Ienousmini gnisqms prizing EsisiviroA lenoips 0,00 Stel ezengno WA u2 entibneqx evo emo 12: 270,20 ( CISLI 27.368.62 2.257,50 29.626,12 orkers 592.50 2.678,10 17.352.90 1.975,00 1.577,00 3.950,00 2.168.72 29.719,72 atement) 230.862.00 31.088.05 19.606,75 3.703,45 16.144.15 19.750.00 9.500.00 790,00 Masons 9.500.00 78.994,35 2.338,00 8.021.60 891.047,45 7.597,10 Sw.Fr. 996,644,55 49 50 50 Income and Expenditure Account for the period of April 1st, 1971 to March 31st, 1972 REFer EXPENDITURE Salaries. Delegates Expenses and Fares. Postage, Telephone& Telegrams. 97.037,55 119.173,35 17.861,80 Rent of Office, Lighting, Cleaning • Printing and Stationery. 3.431,75 7.035,49 Representation 13.816,49 Publications 64.152,19 7.427,05 Insurances Pensions. 29.102,30 Office Machines, Furniture& Fittings and Maintenance 10.035,20 Conferences 55.977,10 International Housing Committee 8.500,00 Regional Activities and Organising Campaing 179.711,09 Translations 17.896,25 IFBWW Congress 1972.. Sundry Expenses. Bank Commission and Charges 55.000,00 943,01 Excess Income over Expenditure.. 2.732,94 689.833,56 208.810,99 Sw.Fr. 898.644,55 INCOME Affiliated Societies' Contributions Austria Building and Woodworkers Belgium Bermuda Building and Woodworkers Industrial Workers Denmark General Workers. Painters. LIABILITIES Plumbers Electricians. Solidarity Fund SGlaziers Bricklayers. Stoneworkers. 100 50.893,99 34.200,00 389,12 20.145,00 2.550,61 2.547,25 87322A 3.260,00 403,32 5.734,63 61,55 Woodworkers. 21.633,80 56.336,16 Ethiopia Woodworkers. 395,00 Finland Forestry Workers. 711,15 00 Electrical Workers 2.370,00 " 00.088.58 Metal Workers. . 316,00 00, Wood Processing Industry Workers 7.571,26 Woodworkers. 10.388,50 21.356,91 France Germany Building and Woodworkers 11.850,00 Building Workers. 167.386,89 Woodworkers. 44.880,00 212.266,89 Great Britain Furniture Workers 7.600,00 Holland Building and Woodworkers 35.491,29 Catholic Building Workers. 32.105,35 67.596,64 Iceland Building Workers. 684,00 Ireland Transport and General Workers... 3.966,00 Israel Building and Woodworkers 12.270,20 Italy Building Workers( CISL).. 27.368,62 Building Workers( UIL).. 2.257,50 29.626,12 Luxembourg Building and Woodworkers 592,50 Norway General Workers Building Workers. 6) Electricians. 2.678,10 17.352,90 1.975,00 give a true Bricklayers. 1.577,00 Forestry Workers. 3.950,00 burs Woodworkers. 2.186,72 29.719,72 Sweden Paid over to IFBWW( Statement) 230.862,00 Switzerland Building and Woodworkers 31.088,05 USA Painters. 19.606,75 Labourers 3.703,45 Electricians. 16.144,15 Operating Engineers 19.750,00 Upholsterers 9.500,00 " Woodworkers. 790,00 Bricklayers and Masons. 9.500,00 78.994,35 Turkey Woodworkers. 2.338,00 Venezuela Building Workers.. 8.021,80 Bank Interest. 891.047,45 7.597,10 Sw.Fr. 898.644,55 51 Consolidated Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 1972 02 00,000$ 8 $ 1,088 00.31.08 18,088.s anoitudhrno' zeireioo? bersilitA ЭМОЗИТ 1972 exhowbooW bas pribliu8 shauA 21showbooW bns pribliu8 muiple8 anoshow leintzubnl stumes anschow lenens hamned annie9 zedmul ASSETS Cash in Hand. 551,98 97.037,55 119.173,35 Cash at Bank • Deposit Account. Current Account. " • Cash held on Danish Account. 250.000.00 17.861.80 324.783,61 575.335,59 39.868,00 Cash held on IFBWW Account Sweden( Sw.Kr. 229.783,50) 219h0W yz8107 181.528,00 Freehold Property: 5, Ewaldsgade( Value, Sale Price: Sw. Fr. 310.567,00)..21 Property Realization Account 245.687,00 64.880,00 Interest on Mortgage gniz28001 booW 15.809,00 Furniture and Fittings, Office Machines and Typewriters. 10.0 1,00 00 Sw.Fr. 1.123.108,59 Campain 00,088 MA es rep.ac 00.A68 00. 08.05S.ST ST.asa.es £ 8,888.fs 02.cas.s 02.588 01.8a.s 08.5E.FT 00.ave.r 00.020.€ sterr.es. St.381.S 00,588.0ES 20.880.1E 28,400.85 00,8EE.S 08,150.8 ЗА ГРО ГОВ or Yea. niblius wbooW show utimul showbooW bos priblius 219 how nibliu8 llorire 2190/ 10W pribliu8 2e to lsvenoo bns togensal nic 2.732,94 689.830651 208. anschowbooW bne pribli.cpsy ( 1810) exhow gnibliu8 ( UoW priblius ashowbooW bins pribli prekhothiy listense averoW ghibliu8 ensionel vissi guodmexul neysblohe 25.808.91 2A COTE ar Apar 00,081.er 00,008.0 00.00 00,002.0 aheshowboow ( thamesi2) WWB et avo bis ateshowbooW bns pribliu8 antiq 275 fuods. ensianbel3 onion prissect meefalodol 219howbooW angesM bns 2oysblo 218x10wbooW anschow gnibliua 82, AA8.888.w2 52 129198 nebew2 boshestiw AZU veshuT slausensV. LIABILITIES banqx3 Solidarity Fund Spain. Less: paid over Solidarity Fund Finland Solidarity Fund Greece. " tagbu8 edt ritiw besqmoo as subequ ster.c.te- rxar.A. ey art not bas Jepbu8 181G sters.re-ster.Ar way or not togbull driw notismo ni zonuibnsqx3 25.383,65 21.904,40 3.479,25 snorge 14.248,97 phins 22.628,69 IFBWW Regional Activities Fund 000 IFBWW. 00.000.28 00.000.21 Balance as at 1st April, 1971. 214.688,55 179.711,09 OE.sor.es 394.399,64 OS 280.00 sonshath M bns Less paid to Pure Fittings or re.22 Africa 00.0 00:00 Latin America. 00 Turkey 130.963,00 146.001,05 3.211,00 immo prizvoH Isnoitsmeti 280.175,05 114.224,59 00.000 asaco Reserve for Congress, 1972 General Fund 00.000 STOT 112.143,00 856.384,09 Sw. Fr. 1.123.108,59 00,000.588 28,888.080 3.w2 I have obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of my knowledge and belief were necessary for the purpose of my audit. In my opinion proper books of accounts have been kept by the Federation. I have examined the above Balance Sheet and the annexed Income and Expenditure Account which are in agreement with the books of accounts and vouchers and the annexed returns from the affiliated societies. a) b) In my opinion and to the best of my information and according to the explanations given me: The Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view of the Federation's affairs as at 31st March, 1972, and The Income and Expenditure Account supplemented by the returns from the affiliated societies give a true and fair view of the financial position for the year ended on that date. Included in the sum paid to Latin America is an amount, approximately 73.000,00 Sw. Fr. due for re- imbursement by the Scandinavian Federation and the German Building Workers' Unions. Geneva, 20th April, 1972 A.A. Lawder, F.C.I.S. Accountant 33 53 Expenditure as compared with the Budget for the year 1.4.1971- 31.3.1972 and Draft Budget for the year 1.4.1972- 31.3.1973 Expenditures in Comparison with Budget Salaries. Delegates Expenses and Fares. Postage, Telephone and Telegrams. Expend 2 Budget AL 97.037,552 bru 130.000,00 119.173,35 1120.000,00 17.861,80 15.000,00 Rent of Office, Lighting, Cleaning 3.431,75 21.000,00 Printing and Stationery. 7.035,49 8.000,00 Representation 13.816,49 10.000,00 Publications 64.152,19 40.000,00 Insurances. 7.427,05 7.000,00 Pensions.. 29.102,30 35.000,00 Office Machines, Furnitures, Fittings and Maintenance 10.035,20 15.000,00 Conferences 55.977,10 40.000,00 International Housing Committee 8.500,00 9.000,00 Regional Activities and Organising Campaign 179.711,09 160.000,00 Translations 17.896,25 20.000,00 IFBWW Congress 1972. 55.000,00 55.000,00 Sundry Expenses. 943,01 bou 1.000,00 Bank Commission and Charges 1.000,00 687.000,00 2.732,94 Sw.Fr. 689.833,56 lls benisido snow tailed bns spbelwond ym to lead art of doidw anoitenciaxe bins no soberlydex need saatnudos to axlood vaqonq noinigo ym nl Jibus von to secqiq erit nol yan ni ens ribirle inuocoA subnoqx3 bns smoonil cenns er bns toed2 consis8 svods art benimaxe over 1.nois zeitsinoe bessiliths or mortamute bexans art bos buoy bus auocos to alood or diw.namisspe ooos brs noitsmolni vm to and art of bas neinigo ym al com navig to as atitte a'noitsebe to w quws oq al bar2 sonsleden bris Set dat ( s sunt a svig esitsiooz botsilitts arit mon ammutsy srityd batnemalqque inuocoA swtibneqx3 brs smoon! T stab raris no babe say arts not noitsoq librisnil art to welv vist bas -mi- en not sub..we 00,000.ET vietamixovqqs nuoms ns al sohemA nits.pt bloq mue ad ni bobuloni anoinU' show pribliu8 nemme or be note ( d disse sdr yd snomsud 54 ster JingA dros avans 2.1.3.3 obwe A.A Report of the Committee of Auditors for the financial year 1971/72 Draft Budget Salaries.. Delegates' Expenses and Fares Postage, Telephone and Telegrams Rent of Office, Lighting, Cleaning Printing and Stationery. Representation Publications Insurances. Pensions. Office Machines, Furniture, Fittings and Maintenance. Conferences International Housing Committee Regional Activities and Organising Campaign Translations IFBWW Congress 1972. Sundry Expenses. Bank Commission and Charges 122.368.36 Iszoqonq tegbud srit no zhamef Exerc.re-Ser.Ar mor yazivites to way art not 120.000,00 140.000,00 20.000,00 21.000,00 10.000,00 12.000,00 70.000,00 8.000,00 35.000,00 20.000,00 9.000,00 160.000,00 20.000,00 55.000,00 1.000,00 3.000,00 154.501 Sw.Fr. 704.000,00 san 100,000.0 Ofnuo grigolaveb ni zalivitos lanolge quq terit not ablas juq need ever! 00,000.008 sib luzes A Ster aapno WWBR bebushagis mus eriz nowed sonensitib erinevoo of bebratni al 00,000.28.1.we to mus be Last year, at the request of the ICFTU, the rent was paid in advance, that is to say for two years, which int that in 1971 actual expenses con ably exceeded the budgeted sum. Contrary to what the Committee tors thought, the ICFTU renounced in the report year to the payment in advance of the rent which result senses which were Sw.Fr, 17.688,25 than fores The Committee of Au rent should be respected after adoption in ion that, in future, the customary way of pay comparable figures available. Publications Compared with the budget, expenses increased by Sw.Fr. 24.152,19 which is due on reble increase in printing cost during the past years and on the other hand to the reprint of the Federation, also to the printing of a brochure on Latin America. Conferences always to have consid the The increases in expenses of Sw.Fr. 15.977,10 as compared with the budget is a result of the preparatory meeting to the ILO conference in Geneva as well as of the Youth Conference organised in which, in the opinion of the Committee of Auditors The other items of the 1971/72 budges ots and the corresponding statutory provis As far as the 1972/73 bud dered as an integral In the coy ons. are concerned, a separat of the Committee of Auditors. the Committee of Auditors also discussed other 55 55 Remarks on the budget proposal get for the year of activity from 1.4.1972- 31.3.1973 dget 973 Assuming an unchanged membership of about 2 million fee paying members, the receipts according to our calculations should amount to Sw. Fr. 800.000,00. As the enclosed balance- sheet shows, the calculated budget amounts up to Sw. Fr. 704.000,00. We therefore expect a surplus of approximately Sw. Fr. 100.000,00. However, one must not forget that for this year no conferences have been foreseen. Such meetings are expensive, but we must be prepared for different meetings to be held during the next year. Conferences ought to appear in the budget as a permanent item. Following a few brief remarks concerning certain budget items that have undergone modifications and that should be of special interest: Salaries. The salary estimates are based on the principle that the staff will remain unchanged at least until the Congress in October 1972. From then on changes may occur. Due consideration has been given to normal salary increases. sonsneinisM bris Travelling expenses will probably increase according to the price increases. No changes have occured for nearly three years with respect to subsistance allowances, so that one can expect them to be augmented after the Connpisqms gress. Post and telephone expenses will be somewhat higher this year as a result of increased postage entailed by this year's Congress. Office rent, light, cleaning. This item will remain unchanged. Last year, this item had been assessed much lower because this year's rent had been paid in advance. Sw.Fr. Publications. With respect to the Congress year, higher publication costs are to be expected. Office equipment and maintenance. This item has been estimated at Sw. Fr. 20.000,00 more, because the offices need repainting. These expenses are not met by the renter. Regional activities in developing countries. 20 percent of the receipts from the affiliation fees calculated at Sw. Fr. 800.000,00 have been put aside for that purpose. Translations. Allowing for tariff increases, Sw. Fr. 20.000,00 have been assessed, for such jobs. IFBWW Congress 1972. As a result of previous years, 112.000,00 Sw. Fr. worth reserves are available. The budgeted sum of Sw. Fr. 55.000,00 is intended to cover the difference between the sum already put aside and the final expenses. 56 Report of the Committee of Auditors for the financial year 1971/72 -timIn accordance with the statutory provisions, the Committee of of Auditors undertook on 21/22 April 1972 the auditing of the accounts for the financial year from 1st April 1971 to 31st March 1972. Participants were: 99t art ri Armin Frei, Henry Hansen and Gerhard Vater of the Committee of Auditors; A.A. Lawder as auditor; beiteitse vllut loteria ar ieri W eilt to cotibuA to settimmo John Löfblad, General secretary, Ragna Melchior and Bente Johansen of the Secretariat. The accounts for the financial year 1971/72, ended 31st March 1972, were thoroughly examined by the auditor. According to his declaration, the books have been duly and correctly kept. Receipts and vouchers for all expenses were available and payments have been made according to the decisions of the Federation and the Management Committee. All information and explanations have been supplied. f spot- S The Committee of Auditors assured itself of the accuracy of the auditor's declaration by means of spotchecks of the vouchers No. 245-596. As to the year 1971/72, the Committee of Auditors took note of the satisfactory credit balance. The receipts increased by Sw.Fr. 98.644,55 and the expenditures increased by Sw. Fr. 2.833,56 resulting in a surplus of Sw. Fr. 208.810,99 compared with the budgeted surplus of Sw. Fr. 113.000,00. From this surplus, however, Sw.Fr. 31.141,38 must be deducted as the exchange rate change of the Swiss franc has led to losses on the Scandinavian clearing accounts. Thus the 1971/72 property increase amounts to Sw. Fr. 177.669,61. The 1971/72 Regional Activities' fund, set aside amounts to Sw. Fr. 179.711,09. Sw. Fr. 21.904,40 have been drawn upon the solidarity fund for Spain and Sw. Fr. 280.175,05 from the fund for regional activities. Thus the reserve fund decreased by Sw. Fr. 122.368,36 and amounts now to Sw. Fr. 154.581,50. The Committee of Auditors has taken note of the fact that half of the costs of the Latin American developing programme amounting to Sw.Fr. 146.001,05 in 1971/72 will be paid by the Scandinavian unions and the German IG Bau- Steine- Erden and that approximately Sw. Fr. 73.000,00 are to be reimbursed during the next months. The following budget items showed the most important differences: Salaries During the last year, real expenses have not come up to the budgeted estimate. Sw. Fr. 32.962,45 have been spent less as a result of our deferring temporarily any increase in staff personnel. Rent, light, heating and cleaning Last year, at the request of the ICFTU, the rent was paid in advance, that is to say for two years, which meant that in 1971 actual expenses considerably exceeded the budgeted sum. Contrary to what the Committee of Auditors thought, the ICFTU renounced in the report year to the payment in advance of the rent which resulted in expenses which were Sw. Fr. 17.568,25 less than foreseen. The Committee of Auditors is therefore of opinion that, in future, the customary way of paying rent should be respected after adoption in order always to have comparable figures available. Publications Compared with the budget, expenses increased by Sw. Fr. 24.152,19 which is due on one hand to a considerable increase in printing cost during the past years and on the other hand to the reprint of the Statutes of the Federation, also to the printing of a brochure on Latin America. Conferences The increase in expenses of Sw. Fr. 15.977,10 as compared with the budget is a result of the preparatory meeting to the ILO conference in Geneva as well as of the Youth Conference organised in Gersau( Switzerland) which, in the opinion of the Committee of Auditors, was a successful one. The other items of the 1971/72 budget estimate were generally as expected and are in accordance with the receipts and the corresponding statutory provisions. As far as the 1972/73 budget deliberations are concerned, a separate report has been prepared which is to be considered as an integral part of the report of the Committee of Auditors. In the course of the auditing, the Committee of Auditors also discussed other questions of importance such 57 58 58 Rep the budget proposal from 1.4.1972-31.3.1973 antibuA to settimmo srit to hoge Stirrer ay lalonenit or not as the sale of the real estate in Copenhagen, capital investment, statutory provisions with respect to the Committee of Auditors, etc. We thank the General Secretary and his staff for the work performed during the report year, with which the Committee of Auditors of the Federation are fully satisfied. Geneva, 22nd April 1972 brooos abam nes need atoedo A worl auique airbt mo que sirb mov9.00.00 00,000.8 a.w2 to aulqua betegbud erit riziw fwa .ra.e joms 925 sobi sivenib 085.13.we bins nisq? not bnu? ynsbilos art noqu nwaib need srit -A to se immo HT.08.188+1 w2 of won sinuoms bns 88,888.SS!.. w2 yd beas Re ities in developing countries: for rpose. zeri zorib 804008.w2 b beaudmised or 918 00,000.ET..we vlotomixongs terit bud. Fr. feel ads priu IFBWW Congress 1972. As a result opnemen ed sum of Sw. Fr. 55.000,00 is intended to cover the difference between the sum sey ow: 10) vse of al ter sonsy ni blaq aswin to tasups erit is settimmo erit terlw of visiomuz betegbud er bebesoxe viderebiano asanaque( sutos fer ni ssd insem -alueen risiriw they or to sonavba ni snemyaq eris of say rogen ari ni beanwoner UTRO srls riquorzanotibuAlto nigo to enoteerit al moribuA to estrimmo.neeeenot narts zasl as, 888... w2 01ew binw asanas ni be overi of ayewis obia ni noitqobs 1erts betosqzen od bluore then gniveq to yew vismodeus es, enutu ni teri noi eldelieve astupit side eqmoo anoitsoildu -blanco s of basi ano no sub al doiriw er sar ASAw2 yd bossenoni asaneque egbud art riw bensqmo arts to assure értz to ninge arts of beri hertto art no bns ansey Tasq er gnhub taco gritning ni sessioni alders sphemA nits.J no surfbond a to grizning art of oals nois abs Vozsgangers to iluzen s al regbud erit rbiw bensqmoo as of, rrear..we to zsanoqxs ni sasomoni T ( bnshaziwa) us100 ni beainegro soneratno duo Y erit to as low as evene ni sonnetnoo O1 srit of pritsem ano lutassaoue a aswamoribuA to settimmo arts to noinigo erit niribiriw srit ritiw sonsbiocos ni ens bns betɔeque as listens snow 92smites repbud Ser srt to ameti vero eri anoizivonq yiotutata pribnoqasmoo erit bns atqis otal ribirte benaqen need aan hoge tasques, bemeno es anoiteedileb topbud ETISTer art as 1st A atoribuA to estrimmo srt to nogen edit to heq lengetni ne as beebiano ed dousonshoqmi to anoitesuperio becauseib oals zotibuA to settimmo agniribus erit to snuco erit nl report on the trend of growt 7,000 milli had a ong standing, ost populou ( 113 mill Gertnan Europe the The Towest deaths countries the longs, and mic dey onomic growth 1 percent below the 1988 The value of the World Trade the Korean War. This the int payment. the devaluation qualize the liquidity The below table illustrates Country REPORTS ON ACTIVITIES consumer prices 6.1 Western Germany 2.7 Great Britain 5.3 France 5.8 3.2 64 Denmark 3.9 11.5 Finland 0.9 92 3.9 11.2 Here shall be given a brief review of the it has been possible to get ents. It is an bigger number of countries. It is my hope, however, elopment in the industrialized countries concerned fairly satisfactory picture of 59 of the real es itors, etc. in Copen capital investment, statutory provisions with respect to the Commit Commit етяочая staff for the work performed during the report year. fully satisfied. the по 2ITIVITA 58 60 Geneva, 22nd April 1972 General Secretary's report on the activities of the period 1st April 1969-31st March 1970 1.8 beIf the present trend of growth of population continues at an unchanged pace the world population will be doubled or more than 7,000 millions about Anno 2009. This statement appears from the Annual Report on the Development of Population published by United Nations. China, which in 1968 had about 780 mill. inhabitants and thus was the most populous nation of the world, is expected to be overtaken by India about 1999. In 1968 India had a population of 524 mill. and the rate of growth is 2.5 percent p.a. In China, where birth control is of long standing, however, the growth of population takes place at the rate of 1.4 percent p.a. only. It appears from the new annual report that three fourths of the world population live in the developing countries, and that more than one half of the world population lives in Asia. The ten most populous countries of the world in 1968 were China( 780 mill.), India( 524 mill.), USSR( 238 mill.), Indonesia( 113 mill.), Pakistan( 110 mill.), Japan( 101 mill.), Brazil( 88 mill.), Nigeria( 68 mill.), and the Federal Republic of Germany( 58 mill.). In Northern Europe the rate of infant mortality is lower, and the length of lives longer than in any other part of the world. The lowest rate of infant mortality is found in Sweden, 12.9 deaths per 1,000 births compared with 150 or more deaths per 1,000 births in the developing countries. The most common causes of death in the industrialized countries were cancer and heart diseases, while infections and diseases caused by parasites, inflammation of the lungs, and injuries of birth were dominant in the developing countries. The economic development in the industrialized countries has been very favourable during the latest financial year. The economic growth of the OECD countries for 1969 is expected to reach the level of 5 percent, which, indeed, is 1 percent below the 1968 level, a fact that may be referred to the lower growths in USA and Great Britain. The value of the World Trade was increased by no less than 13 percent, the greatest annual increase experienced since the Korean War. This is remarkable on the background of the fact that 1969 was a year characterized by great problems in the international exchange market with failing liquidity and lacking balance in the international streams of payment. However, the devaluation of the French Franc and the revaluation of the German Mark have contributed to stabilize and equalize the liquidity. The very high international rate of interest is a factor of negative effect not only to the rich countries, but even more so to the poor countries, which are most severely affected by it. The below table illustrates the rises in price and wages in terms of percents in 1969: Country percent rise of average percent rise in In Aust consumer prices wages per hour within industry USA 6.1 5.8 Sabh Western Germany 2.7 7.5 levob Great Britain 5.3 5.3( men only) os France 5.8 8.1 wib Norway Denmark 3.2 6.4( men only) 3.9 11.5 9 Finland Sweden 0.9 9.2 3.9 11.2 bas get Here shall be given a brief review of the position in some countries from which it has been possible to get comparable statements. It is a regretable fact that it has not been possible to provide similar statements from an even bigger number of countries. It is my hope, however, that the review will give a fairly satisfactory picture of the development in the industrialized countries concerned. 61 In USA the economic policy pursued in 1969 has been very strict. The private consumption has been curtailed by various measures. The sale of private cars dropped noticeably in the last quarter of 1969. The national budgets were cut down and the growth of the public consumption and public investments took place at the rate of 1-1.5 percent for 1969 only. Private investments were increased by 4 percent in 1969 as against 5 percent in 1968. The total production in 1969 is presumed to have increased by about 2.5 percent. Consumer prices rose by 6.1 percent for the whole year. Unemployment, which in December 1968- February 1969 amounted to 3.3 percent, successively rose in the course of the year reaching the level of 4 percent in September. The unemployment rate then dropped to 3.4 percent in November, rose in the course of December and amounted to 3.9 percent in January 1970. In the Federal Republic of Germany the economic activities rose much more rapidly than expected in 1969, especially during the second half- year, when the clear tendency of super- heating began to be manifest. By the end of the year unemployment was almost unknown, and in October it was as low as 0.5 percent. The Gross National Product is estimated to have increased by 7.5 percent and the rise in prices by 3 percent. Private consumption ve rose by 7 percent and investments by 15 percent. Exports were increased by 14 percent in terms of value. The surplus of the Balance of Trade was very great. The revaluation of the D- Mark by 9.3 percent in September will hardly show its consequences until 1970. A certain state of instability of the labour market has been noticed, and quite some wild strikes have followed in its wake. The wage bargainings concluded in the autumn led to wage increases by more than 10 percent. The bank rate was increased three time in the course of the year, and altogether it was doubled from 3 percent to 6 percent. Har ano In Great Britain the total production stagnated in the first half of 1969, among other things due to the tightening of the policy of credit and the financial policy introduced in late 1968. However, the increase of the total production for 1969 is estimated to be about 2 percent, due to an improvement in the course of the second half- year. The average price level rose by about 4 percent in the course of the year. During the first six months of 1969 unemployment rose but in the autumn the situation became more stable. In October it amounted to 2.4 percent, while at the same time an increasing number of vacant positions compared with the number of unemployed persons was reported. In January 1970 the unemployment rate was 2.5 percent. Wages are presumed to have risen by 8 percent in 1969 in spite of the income and price policy introduced in 1968 according to whichni wages would not be allowed to rise by more than 3.5 percent p.a. The rapid increase of the exports and the slowed down import development resulted in a remarkable improvement of the external balance in 1969. During the first eleven months of 1969 the deficit of the Balance of Trade ran into about£ 200 mill. compared with a deficit of about£ 600 mill. for the corresponding months of 1968. The devaluation in 1967 is now playing an important part in the favourable export development. The import restrictions were not eased as was expected, but were prowoled insaneg beebni longed till December 1970. In France the drainage of foreign exchange continued during the first six months of 1969 in spite of a successive tightening of the economic policy in late 1968 and early 1969. The domestic demand rose abruptly. Wages rose rapidly. The demand for consumer goods increased heavily in spite of a tightening of the consumption credits, first and foremost because of the increased investments. Imports rose and the Balance of Trade showed an adverse development. The reserves of foreign exchange were reduced by 3 billion Francs. The government was forced to devaluate the Franc by 12.5 percent on the 8th August. This measure was combined with a restrictive programme of credits and financial activities in early September, a so- called Programme of reorganization. The Gross National Product was increased by 8 percent in 1969, but is expected to increase by 4 percent only in 1970. The bank rate was raised to 8 percent. In the course of November/ December 1969 the situation improved. During these months the Balance of Trade improved, but it shows a deficit in the amount of 12.5 billion Francs for the whole of 1969, or nearly twice as much as in 1968. The labour market was characterized by unsettled conditions and a number of spot strikes. Public servants were allowed wage increases, limited by government decision to 2 percent in April and 3 percent in October. In the Scandinavian countries the markets were characterized by a pronounced boom in 1969. In the course of 1969 the rise in the market prices was intensified, while at the same time the deficit of the Balance of Trade aggravated in Denmark. Investments were increased, especially in the housing sector. The favourable export development continued. Imports were increased even more, because of the great domestic demand. A consequence of this was the Balance of Exchange showed a deficit in the amount of about 3 billion Danish kroner compared with 1.9 billion in 1968. Wage increases were high, 11.5 percent. Unemployment was high in the beginning of the year, but dropped successively until in September it was as low as 1.5 percent only. In March the bank rate was increased from 6 percent to 7 percent, and in May it was raised once more to 9 percent. Further restrictive measures must be anticipated as a consequence of the strained economic situation showing distinct inflatory trends. The labour market has been rather unsettled and characterized by a great many wild strikes. The cause must be sought in the circumstance that the rises in wages are absorbed by higher taxes and higher prices. 62 bemson arlt The economic activities in Finland were very lively in 1969. The motive power has above all been a heavy increase in exports and investments. The boom intensified. However, imports rose faster than exports and the deficit of the Balance of Trade was about 100 mill. Finnish Marks. The unemployment rate dropped from 4 percent in 1968 to 2.9 percent in 1969. In order to secure a continued balanced price and wage development in 1970 a new stabilization agreement was made between the government, the employers and the trade organizations. The total rise in wages, incl. certain social benefits, is 4.5 percent according to the said agreement. In Norway the production total increased markedly in 1969. Exports were high, but slowed down towards the end of the year, and also imports were much increased. The Balance of Trade excl. shipping, was deteriorated by about 1 billion Norwegian Kroner compared with 1968, and estimated to run into 5.9 bill. N. kroner. Shipping incl. the Balance of Trade showed a material improvement, however, between 1968 and 1969. A reorganization of the indirect taxation was made by introduction of an increased value tax at the rate of 20 percent from the 1st January 1970. At the same time the direct taxation was lowered. Iceland is up against rather extensive economic problems. Wages increases have been very modest and the rate of unemployment very high. At times it reached the level of 25-30 percent in the building sector. The onesidedness of the trade and industry makes it difficult to solve the economic and social problems. In Sweden the effects of the boom of Western Europe in general have been very favourable. Exports were increased substantially. Imports were increased at an even higher pace. In terms of value Exports as well as Imports were increased by about 15 percent in 1969. Exports prices rose by 3 percent and import prices by 1.5 percent. The deficit of the Balance of Trade was like that of 1968, or about 1,100 mill. S. kronor. The reserves of foreign exchange was reduced by 1,850 mill. kronor en 1969. The Gross National Product was in 1969 increased by about 5 percent. The industrial output was increased by 8 percent as against 5 percent in 1968. Industrial investments increased by 6 percent and the state investments by 9 percent in 1969. and mere bhow ris The unemployment total for the whole country in 1969 was month by month lower than in 1968. In January 1970 the unemployment rate was 2.2 percent compared with 2.8 percent in January 1969. At the same time a shortage of labour has prevailed in large parts of trade and industry, especially in the metal industry. The total of wages, i.e. the sum total of cash wages of all wage- earners, before assessment of taxes, rose by 7.5 percent in 1969 as against about 6.25 percent in 1968. In industry the wage increase is presumed to be at the rate of 11.2 percent. The incomes of certain business owners have been estimated to have risen by 3 percent. The total of incomes available has been estimated to have increased by 5.6 percent in 1969 after deduction of taxes and addition of social benefits. Consumer prices rose more rapidly than in 1968 when they rose by 2 percent. Rises in price in 1969 are estimated to be about 3.7 percent, corresponding to the average rise for the whole of the 1960es. Private consumption increased by 4.3 percent as against 4 percent in 1968. A certain state of disquiet has been characterizing the Swedish labour market and there have been a number of wild strikes. The wild strike in the national iron mines in Northern Sweden attracted much attention in various parts of the world. The strike comprised about 5,000 miners, or nearly one half of the Swedish miners and lasted for nearly two months before work was resumed, when the workers were promised far- reaching improvements. A number of significant elections has taken place in various countries in the course of the year. In the Federal Republic of Germany the election to the" Bundestag" in the autumn of 1969 showed an almost astonishing progress for the Social- Democrats, a progress of a magnitude that made Willy Brandt chancellor of the Federation. The Neo- Nazistic Party had no success at the election, and the political development in Germany takes a course that is very promising from a democratic point of view and the future may be viewed with hopes and interest. The outcome of the German election is very satisfactory, not only to the Germans themselves but to the world at large, which for many reasons are observing the development in this large and industrially dynamic nation with special interest. tud tonnsa In Austria the election to the parliament showed great progress for the Social- Democrats, who almost reached absolute majority. The leader of the Social- Democrats, Kreisky, acceded to the office of chancellor of the new government. The development is interesting also in this country, where the industrialization is still relatively low. In Denmark the elections to the municipal councils showed good progress for the Social- Democrats and serious set- backs to the non- socialist coalition in office. The coming development in the social and economic sectors will show whether a re- election to the" Folketinget" may become topical. If so, the Social- Democrats should hold a rather fine starting position. art bas leasel nested benotes ed bestani yem eossg In Norway the election to the" Stortinget" in autumn 1969 showed very great progress for the Labour Party, which almost succeeded in depriving the non- socialist coalition in office of the majority, and meant a great set- back to the government in spite of the prosperity prevailing in Norway. Cerit won yd bois ove as bis In Finland, on the other hand, the election showed a marked turn to the right and the Labour majority in the parliament was lost and followed by a clear non- socialistic majority. In spite of this, however, the political situation in Finland is anything but clarified because of the division of the voters into many small parties. A pleasant deput 63 33 h9 64 development in Finland is that trade union agreement has been reached and a single trade union federation has been established. On a far sight this may be contributory to an improved political stability. The outcome of the election in Israel showed that Golda Meir and her government still has the confidence of the people, even if a certain decline was observed. However, it is to be presumed that the unity is great in Israel because of the external circumstances, though certain shifts have taken place between the various parties during the election. The international high political situation has not shown any sign of relaxation in the course of the year, rather contrary, the crises have been aggravated in certain areas. The war in Vietnam has been raging on with undiminished violence losses of men and materials are great. The peace talks in Paris have not lead to anything. USA has escalated the war in a serious way by the invasion in Cambodja. It is beyond doubt that in many places of the world the line of the foreign policy pursued by the president of America, Richard Nixon, is viewed with suspicion and a tremendous opinion inside and outside the USA is condemning the american policy in Indochina. The consequences might be unsurveyable. The war of secession in Nigeria has now come to an end after an unheard course. of cruelty. It is to be hoped that the victorious part now will be able to settle things in a satisfactory manner in this large and populous, but very poor, country. In the Middle East the crisis has clearly aggravated this last year, and by now Israel is in actual war with her Arab neighbours, though the fight is not taking the form of battles and offensives, and though none of the parties are taking possession of new territories. The situation in this region is a serious threat against the world peace. It is beyond apprehension the way the great powers cynically allow this conflict to go on and get aggravated. Nobody doubt that the great powers, the Sovjet Union and USA, would be able to settle the disputes between Israel and the Arab states, if they really wanted to do so. The conflict has been expanded to be fought in more theatres of war in the world than has ever been the case before. I am thinking of the many instances of sabotage against airplanes and airlines belonging to neutral countries carried out by the Arab Guerilla Organization EL FATAH and of which the organization is boasting without any restraint. To the people of Israel the situation must be a very hard strain and disappointment. After thousands of years of persecution of the Jews with cruelties unheard of, cruelties that will be haunting mankind for ever, the Jews were at last to be guaranteed a place of refuge and a country of their own, where they would be free to live with their culture, religion, and their strong urge to build and create their own community with social justice. Indeed, a world saw with admiration the progress and success of the Israeli endeavours. Literally they made things grow in the desert. The aim of the creation of the State of Israel thus made progress thanks to the ability and will to create and build of the of the people of Israel. But what is the situation today? After having defended their country with success, it looks as if Israel has lost many of her friends. In many countries it is hard to decide on which foot to stand. The situation is so complicated, it is said, we can no longer decide pro et con. But the Sovjet Union knows on which foot to stand. Weapons are pumped into the Arab states, and aggravate the conflict as well as the conditions for a new factual war, which once more should end in an Arab tragedy. For Israel is not unprepared, and it is determined to fight to the last drop of blood, and to do so with a well motivated and highly trained armed force. goit What cynism on the part of the Sovjet Union! And in Israel they cannot but wonder at the doubtfulness of the surrounding world: Is it wrong to win a war of defense of our country, the country the world gave us and the possession of which they guaranteed us? Must we always be the losers and be humiliated in order to have a few friends left? It is a shocking play in which an enormous number of people must suffer, and most of all millions of poor Arabs, who are no doubt unable to understand this mad conflict and wish no better than to be allowed to live in peace. But they are led into a terrifying tragedy by desparate leaders. The development of the Arab countries cannot but be dreadfully hampered by the present situation. Seeing that all available means are to be staked for hostile rearmaments with a view to Holy Warfare against Israel, much cannot be made available for social and economic rearmament. It must be borne in mind that the Arab states are very poor and under- developed in spite of the occurence of the much desired oil, the proceeds of which are benefitting a few privileged people and the large oil concerns. And then, even if the Arab countries succeed in destroying Israel, as Nasser openly declared to be his ultimate goal, what solution would that involve for the internal problems of the Arab countries? But let us be optimists and hope that the madness shall not once more be let loose, but that in spite of all disagreements w peace may instead be restored between Israel and the Arabs, who should be able to live peacefully and prosperously side by side. The situation in the rest of the world does not look too well, either. Within the Sovjet- Block the grip is as hard as ever, and by now the Sovjet has established full control of Czechoslovakia. Leaders have systematically and amicably been removed and re- appointed without actual shedding of blood, so that the control now must be said to be absolute. But the minds may be seething, in spite of all powerlessness. Dubcek has been appointed ambassador in Turkey, but since he has been excluded from the communist party. The symbol of the longing for freedom has been neutralized. To In Greece the military junta is in usurpatory power. In Spain and Portugal the grip of dictatorship has been tightened. The white minority regimes in Rhodesia and South Africa are continuously working on an even more effective apartheid policy. In Brazil and other Latin- American countries the regimes are assuming an ever increasing character of totalitarianism, while the masses are starving and living in poverty beyond apprehension. The list might be continued in greater details, but on the whole the situation is known to everybody. An unsettled and confused world in relative peace with good progress in the industrialized countries, however, is the background and the conditions of the activities IFBWW are going to pursue on the modest scale of its ability. However, the congress decided with The strongest The 12th Ordinary IFBWW Congress in Israel, 17th- 19th Sept. 1969 IFBWW held its 12th Ordinary Congress at Tel- Aviv Hilton Hotel on the 17th- 19th September, attended by about 220 delegates from 18 countries in Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Latin- America. The official opening of the congress took place in the evening of Tuesday, 16th September, in the presence of about 1,000 persons. The opening ceremony was a grand event introduced by a welcome speech by James H. Mills, president of IFBWW. In his speech the president reviewed the progress made by IFBWW during the three years that have gone since the 11th Congress in Oslo, Norway, in 1966. His speech further constituted a homage to Israel and her fight for independence and a social system of security and justice for all Israeli citizens. The congress was bid welcome to Israel by Aharon Becker, secretary general of Histadrut, and by Y. Almogi, minister of work, Israel. The secretary general of the Israelic Building Workers Union, Morechai Amster, bade the delegates to the congress a hearty welcome and read a message of welcome from Mrs. Golda Meir, the prime minister of Israel, as well as from the mayor of Tel- Aviv, J. Rabinowitz. The dignified ceremony of inauguration took place in a setting of music by the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra and songs delivered by the popular singer Yaffa Yarkoni, who sang Israeli folk- songs. move The Israeli member union of IFBWW, the Building and Woodworkers Union, had made tremendous efforts to make the congress a success, and all the delegates that had come to Israel, could not but feel very welcome. The secretary general's report on the period since the latest congress was read and approved without any prolonged debate. Also the economic report was adopted. It was ascertained that the organizational work had made excellent progress, and that many new trade unions had joined IFBWW during the years past. A special cause of satisfaction was that a great many new unions from USA and Latin- America that had joined our federation. Most recently the Building Workers Union in Iceland had become a member. It was noted with great pleasure that the Catholic Building Workers Union in Holland with its 82,000 members had joined IFBWW. This is a stage of the development hoped of, an only democratic trade union international irrespective of the creeds of the individual members. The congress decided on a reorganization of the executive committee. Formerly the executive committee consisted of 13 regional representatives, the secretary general, and a representative of each of the groups, painters, quarry- workers, and forest workers. On the motion of the executive committee the congress now decided on an executive committee consisting of a total of 15 representatives, the secretary general included. The group representation was abandoned. Following this decision it was further resolved that a 1st and 2nd deputy should be elected for each of the ordinary representatives on the executive committee. Following election to the executive committee the representation now is as follows: acce Group 1: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden: 2 members Elected: Knut Johansson, Sweden 1st deputy: 2nd deputy: Lorang Kristiansen, Norway Börje Jönsson, Sweden Harry Christensen, Denmark 1st deputy: Gunnar Nilsson, Sweden Group 2: tion Elected: 2nd deputy: Sixten Bäckström, Sweden. Great Britain and the Commonwealth: George Smith, Great Britain 1st deputy: C. Lovell 2nd deputy: J.A. Lewis Glynn Lloyd 1st deputy: W.J. Martin 2nd deputy: J. Youngs. bnehosti nimA opos2 members 65 dev Group 3: Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg: 2 members Elected: Emile Janssens, Belgium 1st deputy: E. Truyens, Belgium circu L. Brouwer, the Netherlands 2nd deputy: J. Boom, the Netherlands 2nd deputy: John Castegnaro, Luxembourg Abraham Buys, the Netherlands 1st deputy: Group 4: Elected: 1st deputy: The Federal Republic of Germany: Rudolf Sperner Konrad Carl The co 2nd deputy: K.H. Tiedtke Gerhard Vater 1st deputy: K. Georgi Union 2nd deputy: K. Schwark Group 5: Austria, Switzerland: Elected: Group 6: Elected: Hans Böck, Austria 1st deputy: F. Horr, Austria 2nd deputy: R. Rautner, Austria Ezio Canonica, Switzerland 1st deputy: Willi Haindl, Switzerland 2nd deputy: Hans Frehner, Switzerland France, Italy, Spain and Portugal: Marcel Hupel, France 1st deputy: Manuel Muino, Spain 2nd deputy: the Italian representative has not yet been appointed. Group 7: Israel, Turkey, Greece: Elected: Morechai Amster, Israel 1st deputy: Omer Deniz, Turkey 2nd deputy: Y. Yacobi, Israel Group 8: America: Elected: 06 be the sur possess Group 9: Joseph D. Keenan, USA 1st deputy: Alfred Rota, USA 2nd deputy: Thomas Murphy, USA Developing countries: Elected: rabs, who live in Juan Herrara, Venezuela nove 1st deputy: G. Sitima, Malawi 2nd deputy: B.R.N. Thampi, Malaysia. General secretary: John Löfblad. To the auditors Committee were elected: of Henry Hansen, Denmark BA airneve 2 members ad to anything. Sids many places of T 2 members mont estegeleb OSS tuods yd eds to nim Poniz slug yd be ns 617 1 member am1 member 1 member 18 08/18 bataiano. to noirom sett no 1 member wollp millions of Jun Vrugab 121 Gerhard Vater, Germany Armin Frei, Switzerland A.A. Lawder, Great Britain, auditor. James H. Mills, Great Britain, renounced re- election to the presidence, and instead the congress elected Abraham Buys, president of the Netherland Building Workers Union. Ezio Canonica, president of the Swiss Building and Woodworkers Union, was elected vice- president. The Management Committee of IFBWW now consists of A. Buys, the Netherlands Vice- president: since E. Canonica, Switzerland President: bas General secretary: John Löfblad nual sh Rudolf Sperner, Germany Knut Johansson, Sweden 66 apnuoYL ytugab br An important question on the agenda of the congress was the motion for removal of the IFBWW Head Offices from Copenhagen to Geneva. The question had arisen because of a motion to the congress from the British member organization National Federation of Building Trades Operatives, a motion unanimously supported by the IFBWW Management Committee. Naturally a lively debate developed on a question so vital. Some delegates asked if Brussels would not be a more convenient seat for the head offices, while others were of opinion that the question should be further investigated. However, the congress decided with a great majority to move the head offices to Geneva. The strongest argument in favour of the motion was that ILO has its head offices at Geneva, and that a great many trade union secretariates had their offices there, too. There is very good reason to believe that the need for co- operation between the trade union secretariates will be further accentuated in the years ahead. There are many fields in which this will be the case, not least the activities in the developing countries. Besides there is an ever increasing trend to make Geneva one of the most prominent international centres of the world. The congress also decided on an increase of the membership contribution. At present this amounts to 55 Danish Øre per member/ year. As from the 1st January 1970 the contribution according to the decision of the congress will be 65 Danish Øre per member/ year. If necessary the executive committee was authorized to raise the contribution to 75 Øre per member/ year as from the 1st January 1972. As has been the case hitherto 20 percent of the revenue originating from the contributions shall be appropriated for activities in the developing countries. It goes without saying that following the removal to Geneva the contributions are to be converted into Swiss currency. The rise in the contributions is exclusively motivated by the rising costs consequential to the general rise in prices and wages. The rise will in no way be rendering possible any increase in the activities. Rather contrarily it seems as if for many years the contributions have not been increased in step with the reduction in the monetary value. Today the contributions are relatively lower than they were 15-20 years ago. vd wwa From various quarters it may be asked how, under such conditions, it will be possible or convenient to move to Geneva, which is, indeed, considered an expensive town. But the investigation made up till now does not seem to indicate that a removal to Geneva should involve higher costs. It is so that the rises in costs have been relatively small in Switzerland and Geneva in recent years, while they have be of quite another magnitude in other European cities, and this has meant an equalization of the cost levels. Naturally nobody can safeguard against the occurrence of cost increases, but these may be having their roots in other causes than the relative cost level. On the other hand IFBWW is debarred from exceeding the scopes of its budget, which is entirely dependent on the revenue originating from the membership contributions. And these are ultimately fixed for the coming three- year period, and that cannot be altered. Kje In a motion from the Swedish Painters Union the problem in connection with the mobility of young workers accross the borders had been taken up for discussion. The proposers referred to the Rules of IFBWW, which lay down that among other tasks of IFBWW, the federation is to contribute to the making of agreements 160 on general rules and agreements concerning transfers accross the borders and help to travelling members. In relation to these principal directions the proposers suggested that IFBWW contributes to securing for the workers greater opportunities of establishing contacts with fellow workers abroad and to work under settled conditions in other countries. The proposers further found that in consultation with ILO arrangements should be made for a passport or certificate entitling the holder to seek employment on the general terms and conditions in force for the trade and country in question. The certificate is suggested to be made available to all workers between 20-30 years of age and carrying a right of applying for and accepting employment for( say) 3 months in the countries accepting this kind of progressive international work. The proposers emphasized that a reform of the said kind might have a stimulating effect on the vocational education and lead to an automatic improvement of the knowledge of working conditions and social measures and arrangements in other countries, contribute to better linguistic knowledge and increased interest in internationalism. 30,000 The congress decided under the provisions of Sect. 2 of the Rules to express its endorsement of the proposal for greater access to young skilled workers to practise their trades accross the borders without hindrances in the form of special labour permits and the like. The congress further decided to delegate to the executive committee the task of contacting ILO with a view to making the said organization contribute to the preparation of conventions and suggestions for legislative measures aiming at laying down rules for this kind of trainee work as well as the task of making the member unions of IFBWW interested in the matter through an adequate initiative. We therefore avail ourselves of this opportunity to draw the attention of our member unions to this vital problem, requesting these to keep the development under observation and to take the necessary steps in this connection. 67 10The Union of Upholsterers and Paperhangers in Denmark has submitted a motion for discussion of the problems represented by dangerous glues. The proposers substantiated the following ingredients used for the making of these products: TOLUEN: 31 intoxicating and anaestethic, causes nausea, fatigue, head- ache, and may on a far sight afflict the respiratory system and cause anaemia. om bluoda dep of BUTYL and METHYL- ACETATE: afflicts the eyes, the lachrymal duct, and the mucuous membranes, and may cause digestional troubles. TETRA- HYDROFOURAN: causing troubles like those of Toluen, but further causing diseases of the liver and kidneys. 78910 PETROL: ACETONE: BENZOL: causing general indisposition, poor appetite, and loss in weight. having a destructive effect on the blood, results in poor resistance to diseases in ad to general, stupefies, and narcotizes.orq ( also called BENZENE) which in addition to causing several of the above symptoms may affect the bones of the skeleton. ad lliw METHYL CHLORIDE: extensively used for washing and polishing of vinyl mouldings may if exposed to Bock open fire be generating PHOSGENE: yd erit A an extremely dangerous poisonous gas that in turn may cause fatal oedema in the lungs. and 00 The congress decided to join to the points of view suggested by the proposers and delegated to the general secretary of IFBWW the task of taking up the problem with ILO with a view to further proceedings. Future tasks of IFBWW made up a special item of the Agenda introduced in a prolonged lecture delivered o by John Löfblad, the general secretary, and followed by a lively debate. Löfblad emphasized that the tasks of IFBWW were laid down by the Rules and that it was up to the organization to live up to these objectives. An extension of the co- operation with ILO had to be ensured with a view to solving the various problems of the individual category of trade. 190 of Activities farmed out to various committees had to be extended in order to tackle and analyze the various problems most effectively. The activities in the developing countries have a preferential position, important, and sometimes dearly acquired, experience and a realistic attitude to these activities has been won, so that within the scopes of the 20 percent appropriation from the membership contributions a realistic policy should be pursuable t in agreement with the provisions of the Rules. The great problem, however, is the very narrow economic scopes within which IFBWW is to work. This is in the end decisive for what and how much we can do in every connection. It was laid down that one of the most outstanding tasks of IFBWW was to be the forming of opinions as regards the ideal of freedom and democracy. Among the most important tasks of IFBWW is the duty to react and protest against dictatorship and oppression of any kind. 2191 The housing problems were made the object of special attention at the congress by a very interesting contribution by Heinz Umrath, secretary to the Joint Housing Committee of ICFTU/ IFBWW. Umrath had come to the congress from New York by air, having been a delegate to the Dutch representation at the UN- Session. Also he is the ICFTU/ IFBWW representative on the UN- Committee for Housing and Planning. nuo bris obe srit In view of the situation prevailing in the Middle East the congress passed the following resolution: " The 12th Ordinary Congress of IFBWW taking into consideration that it is representing the working classes of the world does hereby express its worry at the continued tension as well as the sporadic actions of war in the Middle East recently manifesting itself in the exceptional situation that a government aids and abets air piracy ube and kidnapping of Israeli citizens. The congress urges that UN contributes to an immediate release of the kidnapped persons. .mails The congress refuses to believe that the said tension and acts of that kind express the actual attitude of the peoples of the region concerned. Switze The congress is of opinion that peace and stability in the Middle East can be restored only through a solution of the points at issue by direct bilateral negotiations between the governments concerned. We therefore ask United Nations, all detached governments, and all truly international- minded governments to make every effort for a peaceful initiative aiming at bringing the governments of the Middle East to the conference table in order to reach a just and lasting solution of the disputes thereby creating the foundation of the grouping of the Middle East countries aiming at an economic development, social progress, and the welfare of the peoples of the Middle East." .noitoon 68 1st At the congress IFBWW was presented with a very generous gift from the Afro- Asian Institute for Co- oper- to ative and Labour Studies of Israel. IFBWW was granted 5 scholarships, each of a value of$ 1,200, for studies at the French and English courses of 3 1/2 months duration each for scholars from the African, Asian, and Caribbean trade unions affiliated to IFBWW. The institute is renown for its very excellently organized courses under the leadership of the head of the institute, Akiva Eger. Many representatives of the host country, Israel, addressed the congress, among these Haim Flexer, representing Israelic workers on the executive committee of IFBWW for years, but now retiring. Actively participating in the discussions was naturally the new Israeli representative on the executive committee, Morechai Amster, secretary general to the building workers, and so was Y. Yacoby, the leader of the woodworkers. During their stay in Israel the delegates to the congress participated in a number of very interesting excursions. One excursion had Jerusalem for its destination, another was made to the Dead Sea. The host of the Dead Sea excursion was Solel Boneh, the building enterprise of Histadrut. The top executive officer of Solel Boneh, Zvi Rechter, also addressed the congress on the occasion of a banquet arranged by Solel Boneh at Herzlia outside Tel- Aviv on the evening of the 19th September. A number of excursions had also been arranged for the guests and ladies while the congress was on. The Histadrut expert on international matters, A. Haring, delivered a speech at the congress, too. lepbud er ed The Israeli member unions had sent large delegations to the congress, and it was pleasant to note that a great many of these were Arabs. дая The congress was attended by several prominent guests. The most prominent of these was Harm G. Buiter, fol secretary general to ICFTU, who in a much applauded speech emphasized the importance of solidarity within the international labour movement. bris jqmsT ILO was represented by Mr. Michael O'Callaghan, who also addressed the congress and gave an account of co the questions related to the co- operation between IFBWW and ILO. O'Callaghan is well- known to most IFBWWert members and no special introduction will be needed. Some guests of honour were present, too, viz. Arne Hagen, secretary general to IFBWW for many years, and Is. Smets, Belgium, president of IFBWW for many years. Sir Richard Coppock, Great Britain, honorary presidenter of IFBWW, had been expected to attend the congress, too, but illness prevented him from doing so, a fact that meant a disappointment to many of those present. Sir Richard has been a valuable and unforgettable member of IFBWW, and is now enjoying his retirement from active life in his dear England, 85 years old. The members of the IFBWW executive committee who retired at the congress were the objects of spontaneous applause. First among these was naturally the popular president, James H. Mills. He will be greatly missed amongst his friends. vidiaton bna jebio Applause was also awarded to the other retiring members, viz. Haim Flexer, Israel; Alfred Rota, USA; Klaus Kjelsrud, Norway; Gösta Sandberg, Sweden; Harry Weaver, Great Britain. Karl Flöttl, Austria, had retired during his period in office, and illness prevented him from being present. Gallus Berger, Switzerland, too, retired, but because of illness, he, too, was prevented from attending the congress. It was decided to hold the 13th Ordinary Congress in Brussels, Belgium, in 1972. Activities in the developing countries nsigs ldpunt ons babivong gmi obam ever um These activities have been continued as before within the economic scopes fixed for the purpose, viz. 20 nu percent of the affiliation fees. SH to The budget of these activities for the year 1st April 1969-31st March 1970 ran into the figure of D. kr. 285,000 as follows: Sven Mattsson, representative for Africa D. kr. 120,000 Other activities in Africa D. kr. 20,000 D. kr. 65,000 D. kr. 30,000 ab yas 11.noitudint καθίστα Jed 1800 avari lliw rejon yas atste of luoiHib al 11 ansipew Seminars in Latin- America of for Malaysia Turkey IFBWW through Totalling D. kr. 50,000 D. kr. 285,000 1859 When the budget was drawn up it was presumed that a certain flexibility between the various projects would be possible. From ICFTU it had been informed that an economic support from the ICFTU Solidraity Fund would no longer be possible. The reason of this is the considerable loss in income sustained by ICFTU due to the with- ai drawal of the large American Federation of Trade Unions, AFL/ CIO, from the international trade union organization. A consequence of this is that the means remaining available to ICFTU for activities in the developing countries in future must be reserved for ICFTU's own projects and for support of other international trade union secretariats, which are more in need for support than IFBWW is considered to be. The continued efforts on the part 99 69 of ICFTU to make AFL/ CIO re- enter the organization have been of no success, and it is hardly to be believed that AFL/ CIO will join ICFTU so soon after its withdrawal. In earlier days the support from the ICFTU Solidarity Fund no doubt played a certain role for the extent of the IFBWW activities in the developing countries. Now IFBWW have been referred to carry out these activities entirely within the scopes of its own appropriations, and in return the activities will have to be somewhat limited. In certain circumstances, however, a certain economic support may be expected from ILO in respect of projects in the developing countries. Sven Mattsson has been stationed in Ndola, Zambia, from where he has been directing certain activities in ne other parts of Africa. Thus he has been arranging a number of courses and seminars in Malawi. For activities in Rhodesia among trade unions of coloured people appropriations of quite some sums had been made, too, and the activities there had been conducted by the representative employed by ICFTU and other trade union secretariates in common. Courses and seminars have been arranged in Rhodesia in common with other trade union secretariates. no viv Mubanga, Zambia, has utilized one of the scholarships granted by the Afro- Asian Institute for Co- operative and Labour Studies, Israel, having attended a course from December 1969 till March 1970. Mubanga's travelling expenses were defrayed by IFBWW. The seminars in Latin- America were arranged in February- March 1969, i.e. under the budget of the year before, but for administrative reasons the costs have had to be included in the statement of accounts for the current budget year. Reports on the seminars which were held in Mexico and Venezuela under the management of John Löfblad and Jan- Erik Norling, were rendered in the report on the preceding year. art The activities in Malaysia have been conducted by an official of the Malaysian Forest Workers Union, B.R.N. Thampi, and the appropriated funds have been utilized. The services of Thampi have been rendered without any consideration at all. When Thampi had attended the congress in Israel, he paid a visit to the secretariat in Copenhagen and at a number of affiliated unions in Europe, in England as well as on the continent and in Scandinavia.or by The activities in Turkey have assumed greater importance. By now they have got an entirely new character. Formerly considerable cash- contributions were made to Yapi- Is( the building workers' union). This kind of help has now come to an end, and instead both Yapi- Is and Agac- Is( the woodworkers' union) are now making their al contributions to IFBWW. But assistance in kind of another nature are extended, not least by considerable support from other member unions of IFBWW. Thus the German building workers' union, IG Bau- Steine- Erden) in 1969 m presented Yapi- Is with 3 motor cars of the Volkswagen- Brand, Model 1968( second- hand), 3 typewriters, and 1 duplicator. Several years ago the Norwegian Labour Movement presented the Turkish unions with a printing press in au order to enable the unions to produce various printed matters, working materials, and possibly their own news- s paper. For various reasons it proved difficult to make the project work satisfactorily. After some investigations it became clear that it would be of no use to carry through the project without extensive investments. These investments were calculated to be of a magnitude that it would be impossible for IFBWW to make these by itself. The Norwegian Labour Movement now displayed a great interest in having the project satisfactorily completed. Through the Norwegian Labour Movement's Solidarity Fund supplementary equipment of considerable value was provided and transferred to Turkey. Also the National Institute for Help to the Developing Countries in Norway have made important guarantees for the completion of the project, and at the expense of the Norwegian labour movement an expert printer has been employed to take charge of the project in Turkey for a term of 1-2 years until the Turks themselves will be able to operate the printing press. His name is Johan Torekoven, 29 years old. He left for Turkey in November 1969, and he expects the printing office to be ready for operation in the summer of 1970. The so- called Swedish Fund has placed an amount of S. kr. 50,000 at disposal for the purpose in order to contribute to the completion of the project, and it is to be expected that IFBWW, too, will have to make a contribution. It is a matter of values and investments of a very great magnitude. When everything is in order the whole project will have cost between 1/ 2-1 mill. Danish kroner, and the major part hereof has been paid by the Norwegians. It is difficult to state any definite value of the donation as it is to some extent consisting of second hand materials and an exact amount thus cannot be established for the carrying through of the whole project. The custom tariffs of Turkey are imposing very high rates of duty on materials of that kind, but in view of the fact that the project at hand constituted an aid programme the equipment was at last and after very complicated proceedings allowed to be entering Turkey free of duty. grillstoT bluo The great generosity displayed by the Norwegians ought to be specially noted, and it is in sharp contrast to the opinion expressed by some quarters claiming that the IFBWW affiliation fees are grinding, and that IFBWWod is too generous with the help to the developing countries. forgain The Norwegian printing expert, Johan Torekoven, is very optimistic about the further development of this engagement, and it is expected that when successfully completed the printing equipment will be an economic gain for the Turkish member unions, just as in other ways in the form of jobs performed it shall be serving its purpose. be purpose. 70 wo In spite of the fact that the Turkish unions have made a certain significant progress, it must be borne in mind that a state like Turkey has many very great problems that need be tackled. It will not do to think that now it looks as if things are straightening up in Turkey. The problems are immense and beyond apprehension, as they are in all developing countries. Progress is something relative. A noinigo IFBWW has a special fund established by voluntary contributions from our member unions at disposal for help to Greece. Grants from this fund have not been made yet, but in time it will no doubt come in handy for some or other good purpose in the work for the freedom of the Greek trade union movement. The capital of the fund amounts to D. kr. 39,600.21. llow Likewise IFBWW has a special fund for Spain. In the course of the year a grant in the amount of D. kr. 25,000 has been made to the Spanish trade union organization in Exile, UGT( Union General de Trabajadores de España) the secretariat of which is domiciled in Toulouse, France. The grant has been made for defrayal of expenses incurred by the daily activities of the Union. In addition a grant in the amount of 144,000 Pesetas( appr. D. kr. 17,408.12 for the employment of a special representative," Brother Vitruvio", for a term of one year) was made to UGT. The capital of the Spanish Fund at the moment amounts to D. kr. 44,421.40. The below statement shows the budget for the developing countries and the costs actually incurred: cals Purpose: Estimated costs Amounts paid 1. Sven Mattsson, Africa D.kr. 120,000 133,034.12 2. 3. Other African activities D.kr. 20,000 Seminars in Latin- America D.kr. Malaysia 20,896.21 65,000 41,733.31 D.kr. 30,000 51,356.19 display Turkey D.kr. 50,000 7,059.56 imonos bns WW931 to sq sr no qirla 918 anemoolavab szert tu haqeeb op most In accordance with the decision of the 12th Ordinary Congress preparations for removal of the secretariat from Copenhagen to Geneva have been made. Premises for the secretariate have been rented with ICFTU at 2729 Rue de la Coulouvrenière, Geneva, and the removal will take place in May- June 1970 in accordance with a decision made by the executive committee and the management committee. Layed Because of the removal, pending new engagement of office personnel for the secretariat otherwise required has not been made, and the secretariat has been operated with a minimum of staff, a circumstance that led to savings in wage expenses. However, it must be borne in mind that such a radical reduction of staff cannot be maintained except for a very short time without negative consequences to the whole work. During the period 1st November 1969-31st March 1970 the staff of the secretariat has comprised 3 persons only, the general secretary inclusive, as against a normal staff of 6-8 persons. ioj sved Owing to the fact that the reduction in staff led to difficulties as regard the publication of the Bulletin and the Housing Bulletin the management committee at the meeting in February 1970 decided to have the publication of the Bulletins provisionally alternate among the countries and trade unions represented on the management committee, and at the expense of the trade unions in question. The first issue to be published this way will appear in the spring of 1970 and will be for the account of the Swedish Building Workers Union. Development of affiliations to IFBWW in the course of the year The development of affiliation in the course of trade unions were granted affiliation during the years the year requires a special commentary. The following four Catholic Building Workers Union in Holland Timber and Woodworkers Union, Ghana Samband Byggingamanna, Iceland International Woodworkers of America Br World Totalling 79,343 members 13,000 members 1,500 members 2,000 members 95,843 members Amidst a period of years where IFBWW continuously has recruited new members, and in several cases unions of large memberships, the regrettable thing has happened that IFBWW has lost most of its members in Great Britain. Until the end of 1969 the great majority of members of the IFBWW in Great Britain was affiliated to the IFBWW through the National Federation of Building Trades Operatives( NFBTO). For those so affiliated was in 1969 paid a total affiliation fee for 340,000 members. Through the affiliation of the NFBTO 11 trade unions in the building and woodworking trades were affiliated to IFBWW. wollot as besoq The National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives was independantly affiliated to IFBWW with 20,000 members. From the 1st January 1970 the tasks and organization of the NFBTO were changed. The name of the organization was changed to the National Federation of Construction Unions. At the close of 1969 the collective affiliation to IFBWW was discontinued and it was left to each individual union to decide upon the question of inter71 national affiliation. Most of the unions( perhaps all) that had been affiliated to IFBWW through the NFBTO now decided not to continue their affiliation to IFBWW. bnim A couple of big unions straight forwardly informed that the reason why they do not want to be affiliated to IFBWW is that they are of a differing opinion about the activities of IFBWW in the developing countries. They believe that these activities are not conducted in the right way. The National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives has decided to maintain their affiliation to IFBWW with its 20,000 members and this is now the total membership of IFBWW in Great Britain, where for a long time onut IFBWW used to hold a strong position with well over 400,000 members. At the 12th Statutory Congress of IFBWW held in Israel in September 1969 Brother George Smith and Brother Glynn Lloyd, both of the Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers, were elected ordinary members on the executive committee as representatives of the unions in Great Britain and the Commonwealth. bsnl.noinU ivitos ylish erl As a consequence of this exodus of most British unions from IFBWW both Brother Smith and Brother Lloyd have now resigned from the executive committee of IFBWW. The two deputies elected for those two are also belonging to the unions the affiliation to IFBWW of which has been discontinued. obud erit aw What has happened is, of course, a regrettable and serious thing. However, it is yet too early to judge if the economic consequences of this will be decisive. During the last year there have also been some gains in membership on the part of IFBWW, and therefore the economic situation is in no way alarming. But these developments are, of course, regrettable from other points of view, all of which certainly are clear to the members of the executive committee and the auditors Committee. However, I shall at this stage refrain from trying to go deeper into those points of view. The management committee has discussed the situation and came to the conclusion that we of IFBWW ought to continue to maintain a good relationship with the British unions, and in the future try to get them back as members of IFBWW again. It should not be impossible. This question will be put on the Agenda of the next meeting of the executive committee, and with this I have just wanted to keep the members of the executive committee and the auditors committee informed about the latest serious developments regarding the relationship to the former affiliates to IFBWW in Great Britain. boim ni sto Brand tum fi over ortiw smid 6 107 1qoxs boniss ser dosM 18- gaer edme Miscellaneous particulars concerning the activities ICFTU/ IFBWW International Housing Committees John Löfblad and Heribert Maur of ICFTU have jointly been chairmen of the Joint International Housingulo Committee of ICFTU and IFBWW. Heinz Umrath, Holland, as before, has been acting as secretary to the committee. From among its own number the committee has appointed a special working group consisting of John Löfblad, Heinz Umrath, Great Britain, J. Fernandez, Belgium, B. Hardmeier, Switzerland, and Jan- Erik Norling, Sweden. The working group is preparing an account on HOUSING FOR PEOPLE OF LOW INCOMES. The group has met one in the course of the year. maver Heinz Umrath has been representing ICFTU/ IFBWW on the UN Committee for Housing and Planning. Heinz Umrath has likewise represented IFBWW on the ECE Committee for Housing Problems. IFBWW's Committee for the Building Industry has for the duration of the year been composed as follows: tributio John Löfblad, chairman Harry Weaver, Great Britain Rudolf Sperner, Germany pro weg Emile Janssens, Belgium Knut Johansson, Sweden roper hand bist cus agnol to Jan- Erik Norling has acted as secretary to the committee. dism to yo The committee has met once in the course of the year. eniblius to noiss IFBWW's Committee for EEC/ EFTA( the Europe Committee) has for the duration of the year been composed as follows: John Löfblad, chairman EEC representatives: expert, Joh oven, enga for Emile Janssens, Belgium 72 เอา ตาย ๆ ไอ doint about the gain! in Rudolf Sperner, Germany A. Buys, Holland of noinu Isubivibni dose of the asw ji bns bsunithogaib asw WWE of noisil EFTA representatives: ort on the sainons J.H. Mills, Great Britain Gallus Berger, Switzerland beldtö Knut Johansson, Sweden admavo rh01-18.xueb noin Uzioniol plainsⱭ edmavoM boSS- a godisA Jan- Erik Norling has been appointed secretary to the committee. There has been no meeting of the committee in the course of the year, however. yd agnites bnis sonetno niwallat erit is betessensed nut and WWBRI 8th session of the ILO Committee for Building and General Works nino 2TAUT Throughout the year the general secretary has been in constant contact with ILO concerning the carrying through of the meeting of the ILO TRIPARTITE COMMITTEE FOR BUILDING AND GENERAL WORKS postponed from September 1968. At the meeting on the 9th February 1970 the management committee decided to propose to the Workers Group of the Management of ILO that instead of the said meeting of the committee the group should work for an ILO arrangement of 3 regional conferences somewhere in the world to deal with specific problems of the building industry, topical to the respective regions. The management committee suggested that the conferences most conveniently should be arranged as follows: not 1. 2. Developed countries in Europe, Asia and America Certain parts of Africa 3. building try. The Latin- America 29/ oxer donaM telƐ odt The proposal, however, did not meet any sympathetic response this time, though a great interest in it was displayed by ILO. Perhaps time for an alteration of the programme was a little scarce, too. 1971. The management of ILO therefore decided to hold the postponed meeting of the committee in January the trade Ad hoc Tripartite Committee Meeting for Forestry of ILO nce. ition A committee meeting for forestry has not been held since 1958 and for this reason IFBWW has been doing a very intensive lobbying for years in order to have such a meeting arranged. On the background of the radical reorganization of forestry in all parts of the world during the last decade such a meeting is very well motivated. The efforts on the part of IFBWW has now been fruitful. The management of ILO has now decided to convene a tripartite ad hoc committee meeting for forestry in early 1972. IFBWW has been represented at the following congresses by the following representatives: Norwegian Union of Forest Workers and Farm Workers, Many of Oslo, 20th- 25th April Amalgamated Society of Woodworkers, Swansea, 2nd- 6th May IG Bau- Steine- Erden, Wiesbaden, 4th- 11th May Nordic Federation, Ronneby, 10th- 11th May National Federation of Building Trades Operatives, Slandudno, 10th- 13th May Swedish Forest Workers Union, Gävle, 29th June- 4 July priate ICFTU 9th World Congress, Brussels, 2nd- 9th July Danish Woodworkers Union, ten to Copenhagen, 24th- 28th August natio Swedish Building Workers Union, ders as Stockholm, 24th- 30th August trade Swedish Painters Union, organise Stockholm, 31st August- 4th September move Swedish Stoneworkers Union, trade un Gothenburg, 7th- 9th September is rea IG Holz und Kunststoff, brok trade un Dortmund, 2nd- 8th November far from John Löfblad John Löfblad often diffic John Löfblad John Löfblad one John Löfblad John Löfblad J.H. Mills John Löfblad Harry Christensen John Löfblad in the Glynn Lloyd fact tha John Löfblad There the crisis the A. Buys m- John Löfblad 73 Fédération Générale du Bâtiment et du Bois, Force Ouvrière, Bordeaux, 8th- 10th November Danish Joiners Union, Aalborg, 16th- 22nd November Danish Carpenters Union, Aalborg, 16th- 22nd November IFBWW has further been represented at the following conferences and meetings by ICFTU/ ITS Conference, Tow Ezio Canonica John Löfblad John Löfblad 18 pniy Brussels, 3rd April John Löfblad Swedish Fund, Stockholm, 9th April International Labour Conference, John Löfblad shoq Geneva, June John Löfblad The Working Group of ICFTU/ IFBWW's International Housing Committee met in Amsterdam on the 15th August 1969. o quon 15th times. In the course of the year the executive committee met three times and the management committee seven On the 31st March 1970 IFBWW had 2,070,553 members in 90 trade unions in 38 countries. 1,938,093 of these were fully contributory members. Qu have the Mi Commi pniwollot vd The beldtö HABE baldtöJ posed byol anylo John 74 bel boysiqalb Copenhagen in April 1970 John Löfblad Tobi bA bhow srb to noidasinsgro lutriunt need won a WW1 to nsq erit no ariotle snovnoo of bebisob won aeri O! to momspans sri ly been chairmen of the Joint International Honghae gnos gniwollo? sds to beinseigen read and WWRI BOW to noinUnsign MA yeM bnS scount on ING FOR PEOPLE on the UN Committe for the duration of th lanoitsM bybetatows Sper eat Britain Germany anssens, Belgium hansson, Sweden Norling ling has acted as noinU anschow 1910 daibow ylul anul dresslvio A- en aspro bhow de UTR ylul re- bnSalezaun noinU exhowboow deine to the committeauguA 18in the of the noinU show gniblius deibow? Commistool as hn Löfblad, chairman Janssens, Belgium Sperner, Germany dys, Holland A.com noinU aistinis raibew edmetqs2-tauguA telƐmlorblor2 noinU archowano 2 dalbewe 1sdmarqe de- gudnertto Hotarenui bnu sloH DI edmevoM 18- bribu General Secretary's report on the activities of the period 1st April 1970-31st March 1971 This The detoth side Com five time ed shoq T Tho anoinu nu srit lis tiunoon of lupittib natto ai 11 go most set gide the IFBWW lame The main characteristic of the year under review has been an increased tension on the labour market of a large number of countries. This tension resulted in a series of lengthy and complex strikes and lock- outs which, on the whole, did not affect the building and woodworking industry as much as it did other trade groups. Generally speaking, the industrialised countries have attained a relatively high degree of prosperity. During the past year, however, this economic development led to a rise in the cost of living from which the wage- earners suffered more than anyone else. There was an atmosphere of growing unrest and discontent. It had been hoped that the production increase would lead to a real rise in the standard of living, but in many countries this was not the case. The problem of unemployment was also a source of anxiety during the past year, and it was particularly acute within the building industry. The unemployment figures for this branch are often twice as high as for the industry as a whole. The overall unemployment situation also seems to have deteriorated during the spring of 1970, and radical changes will be necessary if a crisis is to be avoided. From the trade union movement's point of view, the general situation will require attention and vigilance. A new situation is being created by the fact that problems such as depression, unemployment and inflation tend to take on universal proportions rather than representing isolated phenomena. This is, of course, due to an increasing internationalisation of economic life. In spite of their very different political and economic systems, the individual states are becoming more and more integrated and losing the barriers that fence them off from the rest of the world. Austria barriers that fence them off from This is, of course, a sign of internationalisation and a very favourable development towards a gradual abolition of national frontiers and language barriers. Unfortunately, however, the political situation which was especially critical in Indochina and the Middle East, has not improved during the past year. The process of economic internationalisation has also had consequences which worry the trade union movements in various countries. This new economic expansion has led to the formation of large- scale enterprises of hitherto unknown dimensions. Many of these commercial giants are now operating on an international basis and in a large number of countries. These multinational enterprises show a disturbing lack of concern for the workers' social and general security, and have become a source of increasing anxiety for the international trade union movement. These multinational employers have vast economic resources at their disposal, and it is often difficult for the trade union movement to collaborate with them and to exercise the necessary influence over wage- conditions and terms of employment. Frequently these international concerns simply dictate their own terms. It is difficult to do battle with this evolution of the economic forces, and in many cases it can only be done by concerted trade union action by the unions themselves. It would therefore seem natural to expect a corresponding international effort from the trade union movement so that the numerous problems affecting the unions at an international level can be tackled with the appropriate arms. This does not, however, seem to be the case. The trade union movement is far from keeping pace with international development. The ICFTU provides ample proof of this state of affairs. The ICFTU is at present in a very difficult situation and will probably need a lot of time to regain the strength, activity and importance it boasted ten to twenty years ago. This truly regrettable turn of events should induce all who are acquainted with the international situation to sit down and think. It is difficult to understand why so many people just shrug their shoulders as soon as the subject of international action comes up. Are they discouraged by the financial aspect? But all trade union activity, national and international, costs money and since the membership fees in the international organisations have always been ridiculously low, they cannot have had any serious effects on the trade union movements' economy. Could one not attribute the lack of interest in international action to the fact that the trade union movements in some of the highly developed countries are, at present, facing a national crisis? There is reason to believe this, and it is probable that the near future will also reveal the reasons for the crisis within the trade union movement's international sphere of action. It would, however, be a serious mistake to neglect the imonsup 75 portant task of re- arming the international organisations. The time may come when we really need them, and then it will be too late to do anything about it. This crisis can, needless to say, not be blamed on any one individual. There are so many people and organisations involved in these questions that it would be unreasonable to base a discussion of the problem on such an assumption. The various trade secretariats are at present in a far better situation than the ICFTU. Apart from the very strongest ones, however, their positions are not all that favourable either. It is often difficult to recruit all the unions that ought to become members, and then there is usually an interminable discussion about the extremely low membership fee. It is not even all that easy to extract the membership fee from organisations with no economic problems. - Consequently the trade secretariats have a very limited budget and are understaffed. It is therefore extremely difficult for the staff they actually have to devote all the necessary attention to the organisations' main activities to carry the message of trade unionism to underdeveloped countries and to survey trade union interests in the international field. Most of their time is spent dealing with internal administration, and the members abroad are hardly aware of the fact that there is an international organisation that represents them. All this may seem somewhat pessimistic, but it must be stated quite briefly that we are, at present, facing a crisis in the field of international activity. There is every justification for a lengthy discussion on the causes and possible solutions of this crisis, but there is not enough printing space for it in this in this report. It can only be orif hoped that the situation will be analysed by those whose duty is to do so, namely the trade union organisations themselves. airit 101 291upit inamy The IFBWW has taken an important step in this past year. In accordance with the decision made by the XIIth Ordinary Congress, the Federation has moved from Copenhagen to Geneva. The move took place on the 1st of June 1970 and entailed a considerable amount of work which had not yet been completed on the last day ofarlo the year under review, the 31st of March 1971. To inioq Despite the innumerable difficulties that usually arise during an operation of this kind, everything has gone smoothly and according to schedule. not The IFBWW was fortunate enough to be able to rent offices at a reasonable price through the ICFTU. The ni address is 27-29 Rue de la Coulouvrenière, Geneva, and the premises have proved to be extremely well suited for an organisation the size of the IFBWW. 201 Hilo From the staff point of view, the date of the move was ideal. Because of retirements, a sad bereavement and the fact that some of the staff have given notice of their own accord, only one of our Copenhagen employees was forced to leave on account of the move to Geneva. Our Copenhagen staff had consisted of seven to nine employees. It was, however, quite a problem to find staff in Geneva, not that it had been all that easy in Copenhagen either. There is available manpower but it must be remembered that the work in an international office calls for certain specific qualifications. bas Apart from the Secretary General and his secretary, we have had one, and for some time two, typists on our staff this past year. In the long run this will not be sufficient and we shall have to employ more people. In the meantime, however, we have the satisfaction of having cut down on our wages account this past year. anoi- b ot bas med d For obvious reasons, it has been easy to find translators and interpreters in Geneva, and we have also managed to get hold of printers who have produced satisfactory results( Bulletin etc.). bris 2 yd The level of costs in Geneva is, of course, no higher than in Scandinavia. It does, in fact, look as if the advantages to be gained from the move to Geneva, have not fallen short of anyone's expectations. As far as collaborating with the ILO and other international organisations is concerned, we could hardly be in a better place. Geneva is ideally situated for travel and despite the considerable amount of meetings held, we have been able to cut down on travel expenses. 10 Besides the IFBWW, six other trade secretariats have their main offices in Geneva. This makes it all the easier for us to collaborate with them, an extremely important factor. Moreover, the ICFTU and one other trade secretariat have regional offices in Geneva. nispe of smis Tib lle soubni bluorganeve to muj eldstengen vlunt aid It does, however, take time to get used to working in a new place. A number of initial problems have to be dealt with but as soon as they have been overcome, there should be no reason to regret our move to Geneva. for Geneva is an international city and therefore a favourable situation for an international organisation. In my capacity as Secretary General, I cannot say that our move to Geneva has had any negative conse- magic quences, economic or otherwise. The numerous positive aspects of this operation have already been mentioned. noinu ebsit The IFBWW has a small staff in the Geneva secretariat, but we also have some additional employees: JanErik Norling of Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet is working on a part- time basis to conduct investigations and work on the committees. Sven Mattson has been posted in Zambia for many years and is in charge of our African 76 activities. The Executive Committee held its ordinary meeting from the 15th to the 16th of June 1970 in Geneva. This meeting approved the activities of the year under review. The Management Committee has met five times during the past year. The Management Committee has held detailed discussions on the organisation's future work and drawn up a memorandum on the subject. This memorandum was sent to the members of the Executive Committee. It is hoped that this memorandum will serve as a basis for proposals concerning the 1972 conference in Brussels. At this point it should be mentioned that it is difficult, mainly for economic reasons, to plan the activity of the IFBWW. Many years of good work have gone into the construction of our organisation, and the discussions held at the last two congresses gave an optimistic view of the IFBWW's future work. At this point the English affiliates decided to withdraw from the IFBWW. This was done without any convincing motivation and the IFBWW thus lost well over 300,000 of its two million paying members. It was a very severe blow indeed. The programme of activities has to be virtually reorganised to compensate for this loss of paying members and the damage thus caused to our economy. In assessing the work of the IFBWW in recent years and its prospects of expansion in coming years, this development and these events should be borne in mind. The instability caused by a change in the basic membership makes for a considerable element of insecurity in planning long- term activity programmes. In this respect, the IFBWW is by no means an exception and other international organisations of this kind have made similar experiences. Not even the UN and the ILO are immune to these problems. During the past year, the IFBWW has tried to step up its Committee work. The Committee for Europe has met once during the past year and its members are: quod There John Löfblad Rudolf Sperner, A. Buys, yd Hnovo evoM Tuods. Knut Johansson, Ezio Canonica, anoin sedmom mort leisdam to Willy Rautner, blanco Insa Chairman Germany Holland Sweden Switzerland Austria 189y a fods not yeshu ni ysts of ( ope gnisning erit Jan- Erik Norling, moo bar or emis art Secretary ji be show nol The Building Committee has conducted an enquiry on vocational training among the member unions concerned, and the results of this examination are present being dealt with. The Committee has also devoted itself to preparing the Eighth Session of the ILO Tripartite Committee for Building Civil Engineering and Public Works which is to be held in Geneva from the 19th to the 31st of July 1972. The members of this Committee are: aib bas, vatnuod 936 9 16 92910 ye John Löfblad Emile Janssens, Knut Johansson, Rudolf Sperner, monos Chairman Belgium Sweden Germany Switzerland bris yd besoette zew yeɔhut ni show 100 smevom noinu about sit nirti namasis nistrsan ngv anuttual sal bints primosis vlunt bus tnsmyclame Stelvio Ravizza, nol noo ni bemultaly neque arts arts benoidnem need ybseils d if Ezio Canonica, anam svom noinu leme edTaizy A. Buys, viros is beasso ever ow nois Holland Jan- Erik Norling, Secretary 00 svizuosx3 srt riziw sonsbroods nl yd not betrucos al eerlinge vanom to muz need bar neris venom Ineqz ew slaborfinl The Committee met at the beginning of April 1971. John Löfblad and Heribert Maier, ICFTU, were the Presidents of the ICFTU/ IFBWW International Housing Committee and, as in previous years, Heinz Umrath, Holland, the Secretary. The Committee was responsible for drawing up the Housing Bulletin. This Committee has been requested by the ICFTU to prepare a statement for the UN Conference on the Environment which is to be held in Stockholm in June 1972. Heinz Umrath represented the ICFTU and IFBWW in the UN Housing, Building and Planning Committee and in the ECE Housing Committee. During the past year, John Löfblad was e is to represent the trade secretariats. Activities in developing countries airt ni to elected deputy in the Executive Committee of the ICFTU where he of batsoolleysnomer elderie& brit or slupittib WW ni ti 10 nisq2 need oals In accordance with the statutes, 20 percent of the membership fees, i.e. 137,000 Sfr. are to be devoted to work in developing countries. yd b 1804 sq srb To this end, the following draft budget was adopted by the Executive Committee in its June 1970 meeting: 77 Sven Mattson, salary it will heda Ther Sven Mattson, admin. and travel ons 42,000 33,000 when we really need them Turkey 28,500 Malaysia 3,000 Rhodesia 6,000 Ethiopia 8,500 Nigeria 13,000 Total 134,000 Sfr. bellsteb bosi eed Once again it has not been possible to adhere strictly to the budget, and the funds devoted to work in developing countries were used as follows: 100 the inte Sven Mattsson, Zambia Turkey Malaysia Nigeria Rhodesia Total 71,383.50 7,636.40 1,258.40 4,128.25 4,046.00 88,452.65 Sfr. iv It is easy to explain why all the money set aside for this purpose was not spent. Sven Mattssons work was cheaper than expected this year( next year it may be the other way round). He has, as usual, been extremely active and travelled widely. There is every reason to be satisfied with this branch of our activities. The IFBWW work in Turkey has been far more extensive than this would appear from the expense account. The reason for this is that the greater part of the expenses were met by the Solidarity Fund of the Norwegian Labour Movement and the Solidarity Fund of the Swedish IFBWW unions. tesq erb pitub There is no need to go into a detailed account of the IFBWW activities in Turkey since these have already been dealt with at length in previous reports. In November 1969, we employed a Norwegian printing engineer by the name of Johann Torekoven. He was to stay in Turkey for about a year to get the printing press( which the IFBWW and the Norwegian Labour Movement sent down several years ago) working for both the Turkish member unions. Torekoven spent a year in Turkey and during this time he was sent a considerable amount of material from Norway. Torekoven's work was highly satisfactory and by the time he had completed his mission, the printing press was in working order. Unfortunately, however, disagreement between the two Turkish unions prevented it from being put into use. After John Löfblad had visited Turkey a number of times at the end of 1970 and the beginning of 1971, an agreement was made between the two unions( building workers and woodworkers) and the Turkish Confederation of Trade Unions( Türk- Is). The printing press was to operate under Türk- Is' management and the Scandinavian unions agreed to this settlement. Our work in Turkey was affected by the unfavourable economic and social situation in the country, and disagreement within the trade union movement is merely one of the symptoms. Conditions in Turkey at present are truly alarming and the future very uncertain. It has already been mentioned that the expenses incurred in connection with Torekoven's employment and the purchase of new material, were met by Scandinavian trade union movements. In accordance with the Executive Committee's decision, we have ceased all activity in Malaysia. The small sum of money spent here is accounted for by winding- up costs. In Rhodesia we spent less money than had been accounted for. It was spent on educational programmes directed by the IFBWW representative in Rhodesia, Bill Lawrence. Due to a delay in carrying out the necessary work, no expenses were incurred in Abyssinia. The IFBWW representative, Lennart Kindström, is making preparations for the use of the allocated funds. In Nigeria too, less money was spent than had been accounted for. UT There is no need to go any further into this subject, since the memorandum on the future activities of the IFBWW contains a detailed analysis of work in underdeveloped countries. The money allocated to this sphere of action which was not put to use, has been funded. It should not be difficult to find a suitable use for it in the future. The IFBWW has also been active in Spain and the trade unions in this country have been closely observed. The membership situation in the IFBWW in the past year During this year, much attention has been devoted to the recruitment of new members. The loss caused by 78 Gene. the disaffiliation of the English members had to be compensated. The following five trade unions have been admitted as members of the IFBWW: Painters and Allied Trades Workers International Union of Canada and USA Irish Transport and General Workers Union The United Wood Workers Union, Addis Abbeba, Ethiopia Construction and Building Workers Union, Ghana Indian National Building and Construction Workers Federation Total 1972 50,000 members 10,000 members 850 members 20,000 members 35,749 members 116,549 members 2,031,607 members have paid the fees for the second half of 1970. On the 20th of April 1971, only 1,916,547 of these had paid their fees for the first half of 1971. During the past year, the following persons represented the IFBWW at the following congresses: Norsk Bygningsarbejderforbund, Norway time Norsk Murerforbund, Norway a free National Union of Building Workers, Israel ploym Algemene Bond Voor Der Bouwnijverheid, Holland still a Norsk Träindustriarbejderforbund, Norway Svenska Bleck och Plåtslagarförbundet, Sweden Malerforbundet i Danmark, Denmark Norsk Elektriker- og Kraftstasjonsforbund, Norway Fastighetsanställdas Förbund, Sweden 75th anniversary of the Danish Träindustriarbejderforbundet John Löfblad John Löfblad John Löfblad John Löfblad relationship veral coun Gerhard Vater Jan- Erik Norling Harry Christenssen Harry Christenssen John Löfblad John Löfblad Annual meeting of the AFL- CIO Building and Construction Works Department, USA John Löfblad It is to be noted with satisfaction that the IFBWW has a regularly paying basic membership and a sound economy. There is therefore every reason to believe that our activities in the coming year will be fruitful and realistic. In and the Trade Union The IFBWW itself can can look not occur. The Executive Commit place from 1-2 June 1971 The Management Comm The activity in oping Countrie At its session in Paris, the Executive Commit ing countries in the year of om Activity in Geneva, April 1971 John Löfblad pproved the following budget for the activity in develop1972: Latin America Rhodesia Turkey and other coun The Management Comm Total was charged to dire projects tery and to judge the expediency of pro able Africa: has conducted our frican count rease during the past ernment of this cou Sw. Fr. 100,000. Fr. 40,000.Sw. Fr. 8,000.Sw. Fr. 12,000. activities in collaboration with the General Secreactivity in this reg rather probl He has, inter alia, mar. The Building to be a Trade Union lea orkers Stationed in Sambla, Sven Matts courses for Trade Union leaders. In but these difficulties did at least formerly had been forbidden by the lowed last year to get into touch with it again and the Union has got back its status of a IFBWW member Union. sid In Ethiopia, Lennart Kindström, the ICFT by the IFBWW to the The resources put aside to recruit new members. Moreover ers Union in Uganda, which to have any contacts with the IFBWW, ative, in this country, has certain financial Addis Abeba, which is affilia to buy a motorcycle which is to be used by the Union of the employment of an orga For one year. These expenses will amount to ap ately US$ 1,000 79 Sven Martson, salary and WW871 silt to 21sdmom 26 Turkey 219dmem 000,02 A2U bns abens to noin andmem 000, Bhodesia andmem 088 Ethiopi 21mm 000. Total nois been bed endmem deilona ar to noisileib erit od oved anoinu abs svit gniwollol T how esbart beillA bos antiq 6.000 noin and how senso bns rogans T den sigoir A albbA, noin how booW berinU AT noinU show gnibliu8 bns noitouriano гло egiouneno bns gniblius Isnoise nsibl ay to the budget, and the funds devoted to work in deOver to Hart brooss scht not eat art bisq ever Iter to addit or not 299) Tiert bisq bor szer: to pa, are, r baseq eq gniwollot art soy tesq ar priu iwollol arts is WW8 or bet bsidio nro bal 4.128.25 4,046. bel ba Total Vewiol obnuchohebied signingya 210M el, how gnibliu8 to noinU lenoi div[ inwu08 190 100V bno snemalA sleM yawo bruchołanojassa po sunnA alsody uo tsrit availed of Novembe emple to the printing Norway prass Unfort ( which the for both the Turkish and during this time he tisfactory and by the time he ha however, disagr After John Löfblad had visited Turke from ginning of an agreement Turkish Confe and the So tion of Trade Unions( Türk- Is). The printing press unions agreed to this settlement. Our work in Turkey was affected by the unfavourable al serTymon Torekoven. Hentai Labour Move nt of material from sion, the printing nions prevented it and the betion in the agre truly It the purchase In acc sum of money In Rh rected is merely of been mentioned that the expenses incurred in connection with met by Scandinavian trade union movements. the Executive Committee's decision, we have ceased here is accounted for by winding- up cost costs. pent less money than had been accounted for. It was spe ntative in Rhodesia, Bill Lawrence. Due to a delay in carrying presentative, Lennart Kindst Kindström, is In Nigeria too, less money necess no expenses were Ing preparations for the use of the alloca had been ed for. ct, since the There is need to go any fur IFBWW contains a detailed analysis of work in underdeveloped countries. The money allocated to this sphere of action wi was not put to use, has difficult to find a suitable use for it in the future. The IFBWW has also been active in Spain and the trade unions in this The membership situation in the IFBWW in the past year 80 80 During has been dev to the recruitme sis. The small the not be bsen closely observed. re General Secretary's report on the activities of the period 1st April 1971-31st March 1972 l noinU absT 10] 292100 to noitesinepro 16 gamis sonstzizes isionsm axedmare > how goinu aber 19716 istega bei 25 WW or ybsoils omis prols 10 jong sids Isloage A assy adi fuoriquorit elds sbianco stiup need asd show waar altyd afarit vd bortimans e6w rigirlw homevom noin sbs T sipsw nowbooW sdr bris noinU 21> how pni batapti noinU emoved and ni nousutiz d 169 09091.t its to stete aid asmit is 1evez beilqqs asw wel yongiems say As we will communicate to the XIIIth Statutory Congress from 11-13 October 1972 in Ostend a comprehensive survey of the development within the Trade Union movement, we will not make any detailed comments here. srit prin sono visixms ir bezzenqxe ever loveb airis to noits bein Last year's report pointed out that the preceding year was marked by difficulties and disturbances, and this time again we must confirm that this development continued during the past year in several countries which have a free economic system and in which the IFBWW has members. In the USA, Canada, England and Sweden unemployment has reached a disquieting level. Economic growth in these countries is not satisfactory and inflation is still a big problem. dish Institute ed to on emsidong saris to Because of this very unsatisfactory situation for the workers, the relationship between the Trade Union movement and the employers and Governments deteriorated and in several countries a number of serious industrial disputes occurred. vinis190 snow 02591 grit 2913 We cannot speak either of a real political easing of tensions in the world during the report year. benn The admission of the People's Republic of China into the UNO and president Nixon's journey to China have generally been considered as positive events and as signs of a detente, but these important events do not prove anything yet, and there is no reason at all to be optimistic with regard to the situation in the Middle East and in Indochina. besingos vd Insmom ants nesoit In many respects we li 8 privsh bab anoin we live in a very uncertain time. Therefore a feeling of anxiety and insecurity seizes man and the Trade Union movement itself is put to a severe test. 29vip The IFBWW itself can look back on a quiet year of activity during which major changes in membership did not occur. teiqmoo s zwollot noinU The Executive Committee met once during the report year to hold its statutory annual session which took place from 1-2 June 1971 in Paris. The Management Committee met seven times during the report year. The activity in developing countries boog qooo blovs rls ni beta919ni ai ti rloum Mer ritiw babnetsbred anoitasup Activity in Africa under Sven Mattsson's direction Latin America At its session in Paris, the Executive Committee approved the following budget for the activity in developing countries in the year of activity from 1/ 4/ 1971-31/ 3/ 1972: bris Sw. Fr. 100,000.- Toni erit of studies of row biswol Rhodesia Turkey and other countries ebru of WW1 or not been orth Total Sw. Fr. 40,000.Sw. Fr. 8,000.Sw. Fr. 12,000.Insnin Sw. Fr. 160,000.ng wolls ton bib 2901029 how owd gnols ybseA 21101 arls 169y airds of qu Bala The Management Committee was charged to direct these activities in collaboration with the General Secretary and to judge the expediency of probable new projects. art to ops smit smoa noitsilitts erit to save Africa: XBO Jnsmevom noinU obsiT ati bns mA diw borlail New Stationed in Sambia, Sven Mattsson has conducted our activity in this region. He has, inter alia, organizedzia courses for Trade Union leaders. In many African countries it is rather problematic to be a Trade Union leader; ws but these difficulties did at least not increase during the past year. The Building Workers' Union in Uganda which formerly had been forbidden by the Government of this country to have any contacts with the IFBWW, was al- ow lowed last year to get into touch with it again and the Union has got back its status of a IFBWW member Union. iv In Ethiopia, Lennart Kindström, the ICFTU representative, in this country, has procured a certain financial aid granted by the IFBWW to the Woodworkers' Union in Addis Abeba, which is affiliated to the IFBWW. abias q am vitnaup 01 2991 to 109210 The resources put aside by the IFBWW were utilized to buy a motorcycle which is to be used by the Union to recruit new members. Moreover, the IFBWW will meet the cost of the employment of an organizer for one mont year. These expenses will amount to approximately US$ 1,000.-. ng need earl nibeWeXA boinaq air 109.spinemA 81 In Rhodesia it was Bill Lawrence, the ICFTU representative there, who continued to transmit IFBWW financial assistance aiming at the organization of courses for Trade Union leaders. Turkey: For a long time already the IFBWW has granted special attention to Turkey. Thus its supply of money and work has been quite considerable throughout the years. A special project was a printing- press- a gift of the Norwegian Trade Union movement- which was transmitted by the IFBWW to both its Turkish members, the Building Workers' Union and the Woodworkers' Union. In recent years the situation in Turkey has become more and more restless and serious. Within the report year emergency law was applied several times. This state of affairs has certainly affected the Trade Union work, but on the whole, Turkey enjoys Trade Union freedom. The situation however leaves much to be desired. Trade Union leaders have been arrested and Trade Union organizations, amongst others also the Turkish Trade Union Confederation Türk- Is, have expressed their anxiety concerning the consequences of this development for the Trade Union movement to the Government. Two bat I think it is unnecessary to mention that the social situation in Turkey is very unsatisfactory, one might mi even say disastrous and that the social unrest must be seen against this background. However incredible it may seem the political leaders in Turkey and the wealthy Turkish upper classes do not seem to be aware of the bearing of these problems nor of the necessity to carry out wide- ranging social reforms. meldong pid a lliza Despite the fact that the machines for the printing- press which had been sent from Norway to Turkey were certainly ready for operation, the press could never be put into service. There are several reasons. But the decisive reason were certainly the difficulties the Building Workers' Union( Yapi- Is) had run into. When this organization split up into three groups fighting against each other, the Government intervened and ordered the" closing down" of the Trade Union within the framework of the emergency laws. It was planned to solve the problem by creating a new Yapi- Is. With respect to the confused political situation within the country however it is difficult to foresee when this can take place. According to law, the check- off system is applied in Turkey, which means that Trade Union contributions are deducted from the salary so that recognized Trade Unions in fact have money at their disposal. Thus differences about certain funds frozen at the moment by the Government are the reason for the fact that different groups struggle for power over the Union. bns The Woodworkers' Union" Agaç- Is", however, gives a quite different impression. Having 8,000 members it is certainly small, but is seems to be managed quite well under the resolute direction of Omer Deniz, a very intelligent man who seems to have consolidated the Union's activities. The Union follows a completely independent course and I have had the impression that it is first and foremost intent on its own well- being and that it wants to avoid cooperation with others which has frequently lead to difficulties. The Agaç- Is showed several times how much it is interested in the IFBWW and its surroundings. On the occasion of my last visit to Turkey in December 1971, I had long talks which were very interesting for me with Omer Deniz and his staff. During these discussions he defended with great shrewdness and good sense his views on the social problems in Turkey as well as on other questions. timmo svituosx3 ed vivijos aiz 10 sepbud pniwollot art bevorge According to the present situation, I think that the Turkish Trade Union movement will have the strength and the ability to overcome the present crisis while maintaining its independence. Moreover, it must do its best to contribute to the indispensable social reform. Turkey needs a profound social change since still today there are two worlds facing each other: the poor and backward world and the world of the aspiring rich industrial society. Latin America: 600 Already a long time ago this huge continent showed the need for the IFBWW to undertake something, but up to this year the limited resources did not allow greater efforts. lb of begerlo zew T Because of the affiliation some time ago of the Venezuelan Building Workers' Union to the IFBWW and the election of its President into the Executive Committee at our Congress in Tel- Aviv, solid contacts have been established with Latin America and its Trade Union movement. Juan Herrera has constantly urged for an increased assistance by the IFBWW. Thus at the Paris sitting of the Executive Committee from 1 to 2 June 1971 one was well aware of what had to be done. For a long time already the desire that the IFBWW should undertake the hiring of a regional representative in Latin America for about a year had prevailed. The cost of such a project however d would have been too high for the IFBWW to meet it alone alongside all its other tasks. But now the" Skandinaviska Federationen av Byggnads- och Träindustriarbetareförbundet" offered to bear about half of the cost and the IG Bau- Steine- Erden, Germany, offered to pay for a smaller part of the expenses. That's why the Executive Committee was able to decide in Paris to begin the work in Latin America during the year of activity 1971/72. Subsequently means for this purpose were deducted from the statutory 20 percent of the affiliation fees to be put aside for the work in the developing countries. The Management also dealt with this question and decided to engage from 1/1/1972 and for a period of two years, Dr. phil Ake Wedin, Sweden, as IFBWW representative in Latin America. For this period, Ake Wedin has been granted leave of absence from his post as head of the archives of 82 the Trade Union movement in Stockholm. His capacities will allow him to fulfil his function with excellence. He has a great experience in the different fields of activity of the Swedish Trade Union movement. He speaks fluently Spanish after having lived in Peru and Spain for certain research activities. ( 82 Wedin is stationed in Caracas, Venezuela, where he moved with his family in the beginning of January 1972. He was accompanied on his journey to Venezuela by a IFBWW delegation, the IG Bau- Steine- Erden and the Scandinavian Federation. This delegation included A. Buys and Jan- Erik Norling from the IFBWW, Knut Johansson, President of the Scandinavian Federation and Rudolf Sperner, President of the IG Bau- Steine- Erden, Germany. Besides Venezuela, the delegation also visited Mexico, Columbia, Chile, Argentine and Brazil. It seems that Wedin gets on very well with his new task. Juan Herrera is of great help to him in his work. His office is also in the same building as the Venezuelan Union. It would of course be too early to express an opinion about the progress of his activity, but there are good reasons to believe that one can look forward to the future with confidence. Several important Latin American Unions are waiting for their admission into the IFBWW. The IFBWW has also received seizable subsidies from the ILO for the organization of Trade Union seminars in Latin America which are to be conducted by Ake Wedin. The ILO has been provided these resources by the SIDA, the Swedish Institute for development aid. Spain: Corgy The IFBWW has always followed with great interest the development in the dictatorial state of Spain. Last year the persecutions of Trade Union members continued and demonstrating workers were shot on the street. This policy of the police and the authorities hit the building workers worst who are fighting for their rights. Bui The IFBWW has repeatedly protested against this policy to the ILO and the Spanish authorities. The IFBWW has good contacts with the UGT, the Spanish central Trade Union organization with its Secretariat in Toulouse, France, as well as direct communications with members in Spain itself. to try. The resources collected especially for Spain on a voluntary basis have been used for activities in this counDespite the difficulties, lacking financial resources and an unusually small staff, it seems that the IFBWW is able to meet its urgent tasks and to reach its targets with regard to its developing work. This is only possible thanks to the fact that some of the IFBWW organizations have shown an especially great interest in this activity and that they were ready to invest considerable sums into it. 8th International Youth Conference, Gersau, Switzerland, 7-13 November 1971 bos sosig ni This was the eighth time that the IFBWW organized a Youth Conference, this time in the holiday centre of the Swiss Building and Woodworkers' Association in Rotschuo near Gersau. 52 young Trade Union leaders from 16 associations and 9 countries took part in the Conference. The Conference programme contained speaches and discussions on the activity and the purpose of the IFBWW, vocational training, practical Trade Union work, youth activity within the Trade Union movement, ILO activities, international economy etc. The Conference seems to have been a success and the participants were satisfied. A detailed declaration was published in which the Conference stressed, inter alia, the wish that the IFBWW should periodically and regularly hold such Conferences. Relationships with the ICFTU and the other Trade Secretariats As far as I can see, the relationship with the ICFTU and the other Trade Secretariats has been very good and has even been strengthened during the report year. Today, seven Trade Secretariats have their head office in Geneva and one its regional office. That's why there are so many possibilities of getting personally into touch with them. The great majority of General Secretaries, however, are travelling most of the time so that it is practically impossible to organize regular meetings with them. But on the whole, the cooperation is satisfactory if one takes into account that certain difficulties may arise out of the fact that 17 Trade Secretariats do not really form a homogenous group. We have however quite a lot of common problems to tackle with which increases the need for cooperation. On 5 and 6 April 1972, the majority of the General Secretaries of the Trade Secretariats met for a conference in London- the first after two years to discuss common problems. The conference was presided over by Charles Blyth, the General Secretary of the International Transport Workers' Federation, who will continue to stand up for cooperation. yasme meq2 Mobuf 83 H The Trade Secretariats nominate each time four extraordinary representatives for the Executive Board ofarb the ICFTU. For some years, I was a substitute on the Board, but now, at the session in London, I have been elected ordinary ITS representative. The other three members are Charles Blyth, ITF, Tom Bavin, Plantation Workers' International, and Stefan Nedzinsky of the Post, Telegraph and Telephone Staff International. niboW The ICFTU has a new General Secretary, Otto Kersten from the German Trade Union Confederation( DGB) and it looks as if the ICFTU can, even with its limited resources, now tackle the problems with renewed energy and resolution. The ICFTU Congress fixed for July 1972 in London is an important event; on this occasion, the guidelines for future activities are to be established. It would be idle to repeat here again the reasons for our aspirations, i.e. to build up a strong international Trade Union movement, but there are no doubt things going on which necessitate a coordination of our efforts. A great problem which should induce us all to increase our cooperation, is the growing number of multinational undertakings. Relations with the ILO The ILO has its head office in Geneva and for many reasons it is important that Trade Secretariats should have a good cooperation with this specialized agency of the UNO. sm iranl raibow2 ad A12 Unfortunately, the ILO has had to cope with great financial difficulties. The direct cause is that the USA have suspended two years ago the payment of their contribution to the ILO. As about 25 percent of the ILO contributions have been paid by the United States, it is easy to understand why it is now so difficult for the ILO to fulfill its mission. If America does not change its attitude and pay its debts( the USA have not withdrawn their membership), this will have disastrous consequences for the ILO activity. The fact that the USA do not pay their debts towards the ILO seems to be due to the fact- which is quite incomprehensible for non- participants- that the Congress member John J. Roone from New York, Chairman of the Sub- Committee for financial grants of the House of Representatives, exercises a decisive personal influence on this question. He induced John McClellan, Senator of Arcansas and Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Senate, a notorious man well known within Trade Union circles, to suspend up to now the payment of the contributions. This is a strange and absurd situation. The particular Constitution of the United States of course plays a role, too; but one can perhaps also consider it as a symptom of the growing isolationism of certain circles in the USA. The IFBWW has nothing to add as far as its relations with the ILO is concerned. Thanks to the fact that the head office of the IFBWW is now also in Geneva, there are good possibilities to get into direct contact with ILO representatives. The ILO periodically holds important sessions such as the International Labour Conference taking place each year in June and lasting three weeks, sessions of the Governing Body and sessions of the industrial committees. On these occasions, numerous Trade Union leaders from the whole world meet in Geneva and this offers good possibilities for getting into touch with each other. que From 19-30 July 1971, the tripartite industrial Building, Civil Engineering and Public Works' Committee held its eighth session in Geneva, during which the IFBWW and the numerous Committee members from the different IFBWW member associations played a very important part. On 18 July, the IFBWW held a preparatory conference in Geneva for the delegates of affiliated associations. und sopte The work of the Building Committee was satisfactory and the cooperation within the working party was also good. Important resolutions have been adopted in which guidelines for the future activity of this important industrial Committee were laid down. Since the session of the Committee, the IFBWW repeatedly addressed itself, by letter or orally, to the ILO and its General Director and pointed to the necessity of continuing the work accomplished at the eighth session. The financial situation of the ILO makes it of course very difficult for it to fulfill its tasks and also affects the sphere of interest of the IFBWW. At the beginning of 1972, the ILO was obliged to dismiss 140 persons employed at the Geneva head office. bead dod The Chairman of the workers' group in the Governing Body, and Vice- President of the Canadian Trade Union Confederation, Joe Morris, has by way of a cable requested the AFL- CIO President George Meany, that the USA pay their debts towards the ILO. Let us hope that this will be done so that the ILO can start functionning normally again. Work of the IFBWW Committees The Committee of Europe met once during the report year. It was composed as follows: 84 94 John Löfblad, Chairman For the Rudolf Sperner, Germany nsta factibiA. Buys, Holland Dean 408 4096 Knut Johansson, Sweden striking Ezio Canonica, Switzerland As far Willy Rautner, Austria Jan- Erik Norling, Secretary @more ad, pale.vem thro simon did 18391052 erit abiatuo mwonx llew al as, betning The Building Committee held two meetings during the report year. It was composed as follows: eni 21edmem 000, John Löfblad, Chairman sleysisMeow noin zedmem 009 Emile Janssens, Belgium morledalo ubetomis ub muallisva 21eb810 1admiT 369 110 Rodolf Sperner, Germany mont bezsilitterib aved anoitesinagio vadmom of Stelvio Ravizza, Italy Ezio Canonica, Switzerland Knut Johansson, Sweden 21edmem 002, Jan- Erik Norling, Secretary andmem 000,0% w sabaudiots ati le ditiw bedsilitts ed of won new ( lenoitemen ansch T bralonasvitengo ebenT stutimu to noinU lenoirs The Committees of Forestry and Wood Industry did not meet during the report year, but this is to be made up for on 4 May 1972 in Stockholm. ster arts bisq berlens 868, F In the International ICFTU/ IFBWW Housing Committee John Löfblad and the Deputy Secretary General of the ICFTU, Heribert Maier, were functioning as in the past as chairmen and Heinz Umrath, Holland, as Secretary. The Committee also discussed environmental questions during the report year. The ICFTU charged the Housing Committee to prepare the report which the Free Trade Union Movement is to submit to the world- wide Conference on environment due to be held in June 1972 in Stockholm. Thus the working party of the Committee prepared the report. The final version of the report was decided on at the sitting of the Committee on 15 February 1972 in Brussels. Then the report was adopted by the ICFTU Executive Board. The Housing Committee is also responsible for the drawing up of the ICFTU- Bulletin which is printed in Geneva at the same place as the IFBWWBulletin. As in the past, Heinz Umrath has represented the ICFTU and the IFBWW in the UN Committee of Housing n and Planification. Moreover, he represented the IFBWW at the sittings of the EEC Housing Committee. - svens Joint Committee of IFBWW Building and Woodworkers' Associations in the Common Market not to azeno This Committee has developed an ever increasing activity under the direction of Emile Janssens of the Algemene Centrale in Belgium, as Chairman, and Juan Fernandez from the same organization as Secretary. The Committee held its annual meeting 1971 in Toulouse, France, and in April 1972 in Utrecht, Holland. With respect to the approaching enlargement of the Common Market this Committee has to cope with very important problems. evue merlendA rver sdmetqs2 81- St, sensbo A lo srt to zapno The International Housing Bulletin and the IFBWW- Bulletin buchotannsm beldto They were published in four issues each during the report year. The printing was done in Geneva by the competent expert, André Steininger, who has great typographical experience. As far as contents are concerned, the publications are not at all satisfactory yet, but it is not possible to publish a really good journal if one lacks the necessary time and staff. The result was nevertheless not bad. The price for the preparation of the Bulletins did not exceed the normal level. IFBWW staff staff medsidA sidło ndol basdiev rser ned bnu- us8 of- 5 bnshastiwnstr The staff of the central Secretariat had been held at a strict minimum. Thus there were in the Geneva Secretariat only the Secretary General, his secretary and a typist. That's why the salaries of employees at the Secretariat amount only to 12 percent of the budget, that is to say an unusually small part. It is not unusual that in other Trade Secretariats the salary costs reach 50 percent of the budget. There are however several additional persons employed by the IFBWW. Jan- Erik Norling who is living in Stockholm was engaged in Committee activities and inquiries, has made several journeys on behalf of the IFBWW and actively taken part in all meetings of the Executive Committee and the Management Committee. Furthermore, there are now two regional representatives working on behalf of the IFBWW: Sven Mattsson in Africa and Ake Wedin in Latin America. Their expenses however Wedin in Latin Am sholtssube ne were put entirely on the account of development activities. tus betiziv ozis ari Heinz Umrath was, as already mentioned, responsible for the Housing Committee. The direction of the Secretariat with such a small staff is no doubt a strain. There is always a lot of correspondance to be seen to and numerous tasks must be carried out. But somehow it could nevertheless be done all right. It is up to others to judge if the result was satisfactory. Principally it is certainly right that the central Secretariat of such an organization employs as little personnel as possible and that the money is used for other purposes. But it is open to question oinU' whether such a small staff will suffice in the future. evitouitani sboiT bos 85 It may also be recalled that the major part of translations is done by independent translators outside the Secretariat, which does not raise any problem in Geneva. The Bulletins, too, as well as other publications are printed, as is well known, outside the Secretariat. Membership development during the report year During the report year, the following two associations have become member of the IFBWW: and re Timber Graders' Union, West Malaysia July 1972 in Syndicat National des Travailleurs du Bâtiment et du Bois, Dahomey ( DGB) with 1,000 members with 900 members The following two member organizations have disaffiliated from the IFBWW during the report year: Svenska Fabriksarbetareförbundet Rebain National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives, England ( This association wants now to be affiliated with all its members to the Factory Workers' International) with 1,500 members with 20,000 members qu For the second semester 1971, 2,109,159 members have paid the affiliation fees. On 24 April 1972, 1,866,822 members had paid the fees for the first semester 1972. On 20 April 1971, affiliation fees covering the same period have been paid for 1,918,547 members. At the different congresses during the report year, the IFBWW was represented as follows: arth edT National Union of Woodworkers, vieu Israel, 1/2 June 1971 ert to unite art is no bablas Irish Transport& General Workers' Union, ST ne son Gerhard Vater art beisq er www Galway, 7-11 June 1971 and belief Nordiska Byggnads- och Träarbetarefederationen, member Abeltoft, Denmark, 17-18 June 1971 International Labour Conference, Geneva, 2-24 June 1971 Congress of the Plantagenarbeiter- Internationale, Geneva, 1-3 June 1971 John Löfblad John Löfblad John Löfblad John Löfblad Congress of the Svenska Elektrikerförbundet, Stockholm, 6-11 June 1971 Abraham Buys headby Congress of the Dansk Arbejdmands- og Specialarbejder Forbund, repre Copenhagen, 9-15 September 1971 Abraham Buys TW Congress of the Murerforbundet i Danmark, eq committe Odense, 12-18 September 1971 fers Congress of the Norsk Arbeidsmannsforbund, Abraham Buys Oslo, 12-17 September 1971 John Löfblad held, tis Union General de Trabajadores de España en el Exilio( UGT), Toulouse, France, 7-8 August 1971 Emile Janssens Laborers' International Union of North America, AFL/ CIO, Miami Beach, Florida, USA, 21-25 September 1971 Schweizerischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband, algo Sitten, Switzerland, 7-10 October 1971 Heinz Umrath bib for th Abraham Buys and John Löfblad 109 Oesterreichischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband, bla Vienna, 17-20 November 1971 John Löfblad Congress of the Swedish Trade Union Federation, LO, of al tort spbud si to n druome Stockholm, 4-11 September 1971 John Löfblad John Löfblad the by 9th Congress of the American Trade Union Confederation AFL/ CIO, Bal Harbour, Florida, USA, 18-21 November 1971 art to Harled no During the week from 13-19 March 1972, John Löfblad had been invited by the Federal Republic of Germany for an educational journey, in the course of which he visited Bonn, Düsseldorf and Berlin. On this occasion Toni he also visited authorities and Trade Union organizations. The journey was very interesting and instructive. 19m From 20-24 March 1972 John Löfblad was invited by the Yougoslavian Industry Workers' and Miners' Trade Union to Belgrad, Yougoslavia, where he visited Trade Union organizations and authorities. Time had also been allowed for visits in undertakings and professional schools. The Yougoslavian Trade Unions do not wish at all to affiliate to Trade Secretariats but thanks to the particular independent position of Yougoslavia, they want to improve the contacts with the Trade Union movement of the democratic world. Another reason for it is the ermany 86 98 fact that so many Yougoslavs are working temporarily or for a longer period of time in the various Western European countries. Compared with what I saw 15 years ago when I last visited Yougoslavia, material progress was striking. - As far as the financial situation of the IFBWW is concerned it is good the accounts covering the report year give a more detailed information. It was possible to stay within last year's estimates. Geneva, April 1972 John Löfblad, General Secretary AFRICA 87 nseq grixina During the Timber Graden boop bamsono al WW831 srir to noiteutic Isionsnit erb as 1st aA Dernoonoo 291emits a 169y 125l niriziw yaja soy tasi niriziw yetz of aldizzoq aswl.noitsimalni balistab stom& evig sy lowi Travailleurs du Batiment et du Bois, Dahomey members members The Svensk undet have disaffiliated from the wants now to be affiliated with all men international) National Furniture Operatives, England 1971, mbers have paid the mester 1972. On have bee Now Abu Congress Congre members embers Vater Löfbled John Löfblad onale, John ndet, Buys Stoc Congr Coper 1971 Arb rbejdeands- og Specialarbejder 15 September 1971 Congress of of the Murerforbundet i Danmark, Odense, 12-18 September 1971 Abrah Buys Abraham Buys Congress of the Norsk Arbei Oslo, 12-17 Septe Union Genara 1971 John Löfblad ref de España ño en el Exilio( UGT), Tould ance, 7-6 Emile Janss Laborers In Miam Beach, Florida Schweiz Sitted America, AFL/ CIO September 1971 arbund, 1971 Het ath Desterre Vien 2 20 November 197 Congress of the Swedish Trade Union Fed 9th C 4-11 Septe tember 1971 ation, LO Ameri rican Trade Union Confederation AFL/ CIO, Plorida, USA, 18-21 November 1971 During the week from 13-19 March 1972, John Löfblad had been invited many for an educational journey, in the course of which he visited Bonn, Düssel to also visited authorities and Trade Union organizations. The journey was very From 20-24 March 1972 John Löfbled was invited by the Yougosla Trade Union to Belgra grad, Yougo been allow all to affiliste ste to Trade where he visited Trade Union and professional- schools. The Ind lic 4 Ger Cssion Miners ribes. Tin Time had also Unions do not wish at but thanks to the particular independent position of Yougosl to improve the contects with the Trade Union movement of the democratic world. Another reason for it is the 88 Report on the activities in Africa Economi pects al Zambia continues to rely heavily for herCopper AFRICA foreign exchange earnings. 50 and about 20 percent from The of copper, amat £ 400 per ton in 1970, and Zam over£ 700 per ton its econom and b) The cost of living continued to foreign ign reserves plunged from 429 million Kwacha in 1970 to 155 million Kwacha at the end 72. A gent budget in Jan on imports sought to ital expenc ollowed by d) On the 21st of Dece Zambia decid to the US Dollar, And should look to the Since independence, Za in the south. In 1964, 40 show that imports from Sou The fact that Zambia porters frica. traditional markets vert her source of imports way ropped from 21 to 13 percent. came from Rhodesia. Pro ional figures for this year proves that the country's economic situation is, the end of 1971 rbated by a blo harv ambia had to h) Rho The governm incor rnment abandoned its attempt to take a 51 percent controlling interest in the commercial banks-- Barclays, National and Grindlays and Standard. It insisted, however, that all banks become rated by January 1972. The banks complied with this arrangement. In April 1972, the Government" urged" Zambian importers to purchase K 33 million worth of goods from the Peoples Republic of Ch oder a commodity credit agreement with China, Zambia and Tanzania are committed 14,7 million each year in part payment for the railway project. Zambia has a three fall of K 33 million. The government clam down lities: foreign compa have been overdr 1: 2. Local busin In ad dividends paid to ove troduced. for imports already were The ent's attempt to the bural ntly in the past their of 1: 1. inlicences where. The standard of living in the drift to the towns is to be halted. Unemp country alike. ing results. Food production buy maize elseinuing health and education are in town and Zambia's Second National Development Plan, to run from January 1972 to 1976, was announced at the beginning of the year by President Kaunda. The total budgetary resources of the plan period are K 2.609 milflon, K 1,234 million of which is for the SNDP project programmes. The plan concentrates on intensive rural 89 68 АЗІЯЧА 90 Report on the activities in Africa bandang Bible, voD art to noisidma art.ypolosbl pitainemuH' sidmes risiw shil al Kapw Congr lo In fact, neither the NAC In Septe -map berol lenoitsbos enj ence NAC is a of Javal with me ymonoose'sidme to energ Hib arts ically 296timmo inamqolaveb to 100 of 189 Binnela yd besinirux Economic aspects a) b) c) d) e) f) sonsblu Zambia continues to rely heavily on copper for her wealth. Copper accounts for 95 percent of the country's foreign exchange earnings. Furthermore, about 50 percent of the revenue comes from the mining industry and about 20 percent from industries based on it. The price of copper, however, has not recovered from its dramatic fall from over£ 700 per ton to around £ 400 per ton in 1970, and consequently Zambia has found herself in severe straits economically. The cost of living continued to soar while foreign reserves plunged from 429 million Kwacha in 1970 to 155 million Kwacha at the end of March 1972. A stringent budget in January 1972 followed by a calmdown on imports sought to reverse this trend. The budget slashed government spendings on both recurrent and capital expenditure by about 30 percent, and imposed a five percent surcharge on all dutiable imports. This was followed by the announcement of a ban on a wide range of imported tinned foodstuffs- a decision which has apparently not been fully implemented. On the 21st of December 1971, already Zambia decided to de- link the Kwacha from the Sterling and peg it to the US Dollar, a devaluation of 7,9 percent. Another economic event was that Zambia's finance minister John Mwanakatwe announced that importers should look to the cheapest markets for their goods. In many cases, this will mean South Africa. 912 Since independence, Zambia has struggled to divert her source of imports away from the traditional markets in the south. In 1964, 40 percent of Zambia's imports came from Rhodesia. Provisional figures for this year show that imports from South Africa have dropped from 21 percent to 13 percent. 916 g) h) i) j) k) 1) mo The fact that Zambia should consider reversing this trend proves that the country's economic situation is, indeed, serious. Zambia's stocks of maize were dwindling towards the end of 1971, this was exacerbated by a blockade on Zambia- bound goods at Portuguese ports in Mozambique and Angola. In spite of the expected record harvest, the government was forced to fly in maize at high costs and finally Zambia had to buy a million bags of Rhodesian maize. The government abandoned its attempt to take a 51 percent controlling interest in the commercial banks- Barclays, National and Grindlays and Standard. It insisted, however, that all banks become locally incorporated by January 1972. The banks complied with this arrangement. In April 1972, the Government" urged" Zambian importers to purchase K 33 million worth of goods from the Peoples' Republic of China. Under a commodity credit agreement with China, Zambia and Tanzania are committed to buying goods worth K 14,7 million each year in part payment for the Tanzam railway project. Zambia has a three year accumulative shortfall of K 33 million. -noms pilsb The government clamped down on overdraft facilities: foreign companies have been ordered to reduce their overdraft ration to paid up capital 1: 2. Local businessmen were ordered to reduce theirs to a ration of 1: 1. In addition, new stringent tax laws, affecting dividends paid to overseas shareholders in particular, were introduced. A review of import licences caused some tension in the commercial sector when approved licences for imports already on their way to Zambia were revoked. The Government's attempt to develop the agricultural sector is, at last, yielding results. Food production has risen very significantly in the past 12 months, and Zambia should never again have to buy maize elsewhere. The standard of living in the rural areas nevertheless needs to be radically upgraded if the continuing drift to the towns is to be halted. Unemployment, housing, health and education are problems in town and country alike. vinu sris sm Zambia's Second National Development Plan, to run from January 1972 to 1976, was announced at the beginning of the year by President Kaunda. The total budgetary resources of the plan period are K 2,609 million, K 1,234 million of which is for the SNDP project programmes. The plan concentrates on intensive rural 91 development, expanding copper production, education facilities and the manufacturing sector. no hoqeA In line with Zambia's Humanistic Ideology, the ambition of the Government has been to secure the people's participation from an early planning stage of the SNDP. Planning Committees were formed at the national level to discuss and suggest strategies for development of the different spheres of Zambia's economy. On provincial and district level, similar discussions were held within the already existing provincial and district development committees. Recommendations and suggestions from the different ministries as well as from the above- mentioned committees were then scrutinized by the planning section of the Ministry of Development Planning and National Guidance. 003 your The SNDP envisages an annual 6.8 percent growth rate per annum of the Gross Domestic Product during the ( 6 five- year period, 1972-1976. This will enable the per capita Gross Domestic Product in constant 1969 prices to increase from an estimated K 246 in 1971 to K 300 in 1976. This growth rate is only a slight improvement on the growth rate achieved by the economy in the First National Development Plan( FNDP) if one leaves out the favourable growth and income situation which resulted from the fortuitous price boom for copper during the FNDP. alidw ( d no privil to 1200 SAT The most important assumption concerns the price of copper during the SNDP. The plan has been cautious enough to assume an average price of K 740 per metric ton. wollot Svet visunst ni repbud trisprinta A( 5 The plan also assumes an annual population growth rate of 2.9 percent, which is slightly higher than the rate of growth during the FNDP. ua inte svit s bezoqmi nem The rate of population growth and urbanisation is expected to increase the labour force by 67,000 persons every year, 37,000 of whom will be in the urban areas. A considerable proportion of the labour force, particularly in the rural areas, is expected to be absorbed as self- employed.ter edmond to tats art no The number of wage jobs which may be created during the SNDP is estimated at 100,000( 20,000 a year). In 219 addition, several job opportunities are expected to be created in the various small shops, enterprises, services etc., which result from SNDP projects and the country's general economic growth. art of cool bluore The Trade Union Movement has been involved from an early stage, and seems confident that the plan is re160y alistic. 29upit lanolafvo19 A mont smisa 1) theoneq El at noneq IS mort beqqo A rituo2 montaoqmi art worl ( b Political aspects Simonoos avitnuco aris erit avoiq bent air gnietsvan abianon bluorla sidmeStart tost odT The General Council of the ruling United National Independence Party( UNIP) met at Mulungushi, their historical meeting- place, in May 1971. The conference proceeded in harmony and closed with assurances of unity. One could not help feeling that some intricate questions relating to tribalism etc. were avoided, i.e. " the lid was put on the boiling pot", and, immediately after the Conference some dissidents in the party are to agi said to have begun to organize themselves secretly into an opposition. esism A clarification came on the 19th of August, when four UNIP members of Parliament were suspended from the party and one of them was dismissed from a ministerial post and another one from UNIP: s Central Committee. The people involved were: J. Chapoloko, A. Chambeshi, J. Chimba and J. Chisata. On the 21st of August, the real leader of the party emerged with the resignation of Mr. Simon Kapwepwe from the cabinet mo and UNIP, and his declaration that he had formed the new United Progressive Party( UPP). lingA n vibommon. Kapwepwe, a former vice- president and, at the time of his resignation, Minister of Housing and Local Government, was regarded to be the" favourite son" of the powerful Bemba tribe and his move badly upset the delicate tribal balance which President Kennet Kaunda had established in the cabinet and in the party's ceniedstral committee. The first signs of Zambia's growing internal discord erupted publicly in July, in connection with a demonstration by students from the University of Zambia. They marched on the French embassy in Lusaka to protest against a decision by the French Government to allow South Africa to manufacture Mirage jets under licence. The march turned into a riot and police waded in to rout the students. ybseils Student unrest mounted over the next week and culminated in the President closing the university and expelling ten students who had written him an insulting letter. Some of these students later stood for election as UPP candidates in a by- election in November, and one is now under detention for his part in the breakaway party. thb idates in a When the university opened six weeks later, the students were made to sign an oath of loyalty to the state. on 18 be ter of S lim The main reason given by Kapwepwe for resigning were corruption and inaptitude within the Government: laun ev " When I speak of Government corruption", he said," I am talking of something so big that it dominates 92 beverything. We have lost our national objectives. We have lost the revolution. UNIP may be there in but it has no spirit and no strength". arT Kapwepwe immediately formed a loose alliance with Zambia's main opposition party, the African National Congress, headed by Harry Nkumbula. The NAC is a largely ineffectual party which advocates dialogue with South Africa and is critical of the government's takeover of the copper mines. 9812 800 - In fact, neither the NAC nor the UPP formulated any alternative policies to UNIP, and both are basically tribal parties the UPP drawing much of its support from the Bemba, the ANC from the Tonga tribe. 819 In September, to forestall inter- tribal and inter- party clashes, Kaunda ordered the police to detain 100 of mKapwepwe's leading followers, among them formerly prominent members of UNIP, including John Chisata, des a former president of the Mineworkers' Union of Zambia. 2919 n On December 21, eleven parliamentary seats were contested in a by- election. Kapwepwe, who had lost his seat after leaving the ruling party, contested a seat in the copper- mining town of Mufulira. The election campaign was marred by violent clashes. Kapwepwe won the seat and became the sole representative for his party in the National Assembly. Man On the day parliament opened in January, however, Kapwepwe was severely beaten by youths in a Lusaka lish market. COLPOn February 13, Kaunda acted again and, in a dawn raid, Kapwepwe and a further 123 UPP supporters were bos 90. detained. The party was banned and accused of tribalism and political hooliganism. About 60 detainees have since been released, but Kapwepwe and about 160 others remain incarcerated. priols beyging atgabion!( 2 abie On February 25, President Kaunda announced that Zambia was to become a one- party state- or, as he prefers to call it, a participatory democracy under a one- party system. The announcement was coupled with the appointment of a 21- member commission, headed by the vice- president Mainza Chona and including representatives of a wide cross- section of society: UNIP, the trade union movement, business and industry, the Church, the House of Chiefs and the armed forces. -u8 lawǝ ni neloiy Tythojsm This commission was called upon to tour the country and find out from the citizens what they wanted in a one- party state. Some of the terms of reference of the commission were: Nature of the presidency, election brs procedures and the question as to whether a presidential candidate is eligible for re- election. la neloiV Lelgosa 000,00S besmits.ne Nature and structure of government, including relations between the cabinet and the central committee of brUNIP. llot- Jasinu Insbus( 8 -beel bea - balti 2. ul buodA yd 19V0 The supremacy of the party vis à vis government administration. sloca air bns ensnaria nobias19.19 The degree to which the people is free to form pressure groups based on tribal loyalties or for particular IngA purposes. bia91911s nop2.co Ster b The role played by the trade union movement and other specialized organisations in the nation in the formulation of government policies. SWEW sincsneT to ng- solv slivnsonsT arts to absol 2BW noituls - The participation of public servants in politics and government. sb The system of discipline in the party, government and the public service.vog naili srit snarlo al( 01 gnom The code of leadership for Parliamentarians and other Leaders in order to qualify for various positions in which supreme power normally vested in the people, is exercised by them indirectly on behalf of the people. sHelixeni ye blag President K. Kaunda said that the commissions members would adhere to the principles that: ylexil ai 11 bis 19059119011101 1 - Zambia shall continue to be a sovereign state. bevor ad lliw ybod a'rismu. b nsohn- Zambia shall continue to build a Humanist society.uco saltA mortuo ni gilajiri i Janitor( ST All citizens of Zambia shall continue to enjoy complete equality. wted triginta no piso ayawniA noqu beni sw snslq arts verts qu edt bris fie erit mot beq60292196092289 The supremacy of the rule of law and independence of the judiciary shall continue to be maintained. - - - · The fundamental rights and freedom of the individual shall be protected. The rights of the individual to freely choose leaders and representatives to parliament and many other -bs nl democratic institutions, national and local shall be fully preserved. shubni ni aleho vistonom adT bela Supreme power must be vested in the people and everything shall be done to ensure that power is exercised by them directly when possible and indirectly through established democratic representative institutions. These principles must be regarded as" cardinal inviolable and built- in safeguards of participatory democracy " cardinal ob anoizios din Zambia". ebitno one me The commission completed its sittings in mid- June and its report is expected in July. The formation of the vog one- party state is expected to follow shortly. ton bluoda noitsutia Ispitiloq enT axhow bns lionuco axhow tuoda ew ni gnism- noizloeb ni noiteqisiq 19> how 91ans of Inamme 93 93 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Politica 9) 10) The Zambia Congress of Trade Unions held an emergency general council meeting in Kitwe on March 23rd to approve proposals to the commission. The decision to transform Zambia into a one- party democracy was well received among trade unionists. The President of ZCTU, M. N. Zimba, said:" President Kaunda deserves praise for his courage to declare a oneparty state for the smooth development of Zambia. We are pleased as a workers' organisation that this step should mark the end of political bickering". In April 1971, Prime Minister Balthazar Worster of South Africa announced that he had been conducting a secret dialogue with President Kaunda. This was strongly denied in Zambia and three days later the Government produced a White Paper entitled" Dear Mr Worster..." which included the full text of all exchanges between President Kaunda and Worster. The letters showed that Kaunda was firmly opposed to any meetings for as long as South Africa's apartheid policy continued. President Kamuzu Banda of Malawi's dialogue policy culminated in a state visit to South Africa in 1971, and he thus became the first head of an independent African nation to visit the republic. South African President Jim Fouche returned the visit in April 1972. At the OAU summit in Rabat in June 1972, Malawi was the only member state not to be represented and it was clear that dialogue with South Africa had become a dead issue. Relations between Malawi and Zambia improved with a visit to Blantyre by a Zambian trade delegation in 1971. A Malawian delegation returned the visit in April 1972 and pacts were announced covering trade and tourism. Incidents continued along Namibia's( South West Africa's) Caprivi Strip and last October, two South African policement were killed by landmines while patrolling the border. Worster retaliated against Zambia by raids into her territory. The Pearce Commission, testing the opinion of the Rhodesians to the settlement proposals between the breakaway colony of Rhodesia and Britain, reported that the terms of the agreement were unacceptable to the majority. The Pearce Commission's visit to Rhodesia was punctuated by violent protests in Gwelo, Bulawayo, and Salisbury against the Smith regime. Violent clashes erupted in 1972 in Burundi, between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes. The clashes continue, and an estimated 200,000 people have been killed. Student unrest- followed by labour unrest- in Malagasy forced President Philisbert Tsiranana to hand over control to his army chief- of- staff General Ramanantsoa. President Tsiranana remains a figurehead leader. President Tsiranana and his social democratic party had a 95 percent majority in parliament. The Zanzibar leader and first vice- president of Tanzania, Sheik Abeid Karume, was assassinated in April 1972 and was replaced by Aboud Jume, formerly Minister of State in Karume's office. Soon after, President Julius Nyerere, head of Tanzania, announced a major reshuffle of top government posts. Former second vice- president of Tanzania, Mr Rashidi Kawawa became Prime Minister. In the early 1960s, R. Kawawa was leader of the Tanganyika Federation of Labour. In Ghana, the civilian government of Dr. Kofi Busia was overthrown by a military coup after a massive devaluation and economic crisis. The leader of the new National Redemption Council, Colonel Acheampong, has pledged a major economic reconstruction of the country. 11) Ex- president Kwame Nkrumah, who was topped by a coup in Ghana in 1966, died from cancer in exile. He was buried in Guinea. Col. Acheampong has promised a" fitting" burial for the former leader and it is likely that Dr. Nkrumah's body will be moved to Ghana. 12) The first air hijacking in Southern Africa occurred in May 1972, when two Lebanese seized a South African Airways Boeing on a flight between Salisbury and Johannesburg. The plane was forced to fly to Malawi. Passengers escaped from the aircraft and the two hijackers gave themselves up after the plane was fired upon by Malawi army units. Economic and political conclusions The monetary crisis in industrialized countries does, of course, also affect the developping countries. In addition, Zambia was particularly hard hit by the drastic fall in the price of copper on the world market, coupled with the cave- in disaster in Zambia's biggest mine, at Mufulira. You Zambia's Second National Development Plan( SNDP), as well as the budget for 1972 and a series of other economic decisions, do, however, give a clear indication that the Government is facing the situation with both realism and confidence. The political situation should not be seen isolated from the economic one, and the steps taken by the government to ensure workers' participation in decision- making in industry, i.e. laws about works council and works 94 committees, the introduction of a one party democracy and the way in which this is done, show that there is a clear determination to keep stability in Zambia. The fact that S. Kapwepwe was unable to win any support for his party from the Trade Union Movement, indicates solid confidence in President Kaunda and UNIP. It is also a sign of maturity in the Trade Union Movement, achieved through long bitter experience of splintergroups and bickering. Zambia's delicate position as the last outpost in the South of free Africa, and the country's upright stand against racialism and apartheid, makes Zambia a target for illdisposed activities from the countries in South. A lot of money and effort is obviously being spent by these countries on activities aimed at disrupting Zambia's economy and political stability. Despite all factors working against it, both the economy and the political situation in Zambia remains comparatively stable. The relationship between the UNIP- Government and the Trade Union Movement is constantly improving. Numerous consultations are held at top level between the two. In Resolution 5 b), the National Council of UNIP Meeting at Mulungushi Hall, Lusaka the 4th- 6th of March 1972:" Congratulates the ZCTU leadership on the meaningful efforts being undertaken by them to establish and maintain a healthy labour situation in the country which is necessary to rise high productivity in the country." Sven Mattsson 95 ansm evoM hathu Hd should end of briste tronquanuco ariz bns spit A set to ditu A mo 31 President Kam to -dets 902 Rela 5) Comm colony the by Namibia's( South the opinion of the Rhodes itain, reported 7) Violent clashes eru 200,000 in 1972 been killed. 8) Student rest- followed by labour unrest over control to his army chief- of- staff Genera er. Presi ident Tsiranana and his social demo The Zanzibar 1973 by Aboud Jume, leade 10) In Ghana, the civ valuation has 11) Ex 12) leade Kwame Nkrumah, who wa in Gothes. Col. krum be Southe on a flight between Salisbury ed from the aircraft and the two army white. Economic and political conclusions The Zam with economic decisi however realism and com nco. 96 ized countries does, by the drastic fall an( SNDP) indication that The political situation should not be seen isolated from the orkers participation in decision- making in ind 10 sidmes ni vtillidste 99x of noirenim ereb selo The ym misgs prixhow 210706 eldete vievirsisq to South A got is blod s16 Pres smul FL and it UTOS ort poster donsM utia quods! vritised s nieznism bne rail ced covering and and last October, two South African etaliated against Zambia by raids ment proposals be uts tribes. The clashes continue, and dent Philisbert Tsiranana to hand anana remains a figurehead leadmajority in parliament. was assassinated in April office. Soon after, President sts. Former second 1960s, R. Kawawa was Council, Col Colone 1966, died from cancer exile. He for the former leader and it is likely Lu seized a South African ced to fly Melawi. the plane was fired upon countries. In adcoupled govabout orks Present and future, activities of IFBWW in the Asian developing co The Affiliates from Asian Region are: 1) The Union of Forest Employees 2) Sabah Timber Workers Union 3) 4) Third Division Timber Industry Employees Union The Sawmill and Timber Industry Workers Union 5) Timber Graders Union, West Malaysia 6) The Indian National Building and Const Federation, Jal India 71 Building Mazdoor Union, Bom 8) United Lumber Workers of the Agusan 91 Sharikat Buroh Pekerjaan Umum dan carta, Indonesia ASIA Union of Forest Employees The Union of Forest Employees was org ing to the needs of the Forest Isabourers, sub Foresters employed by the Forest Depart had an organised strength of over 90 1966-1988. During the period of 1966 1958 by Brother B.R.N. Thampi for the purpose of cater dinates staff and non uniformed staff( Excluding Forest Rangers The Union until the declaration of the Em its potential members. The men financial assistance for educational the ICFTU Representative in Singapore late Brother D. Ramanujam. The ed at District and State level where the General Secretary had personal and direc cases it consisted of one or two day week- end seminars in the central any expenses to the members. The only nses invo May 1909 channeled expense of way of education mem and meals expens for The the Before May 1969 when a state of emergency was declared following communal riots Ch negotiated and put into effect in 8 states involving 690 workers. During the period of 1959 to activities practically came to stand still and workers not affected by the Check off System began to drop membership list due to non dues. Since the beginning of 1971 Trade Unions be and thembership position is improving slightly. Check off System has to bit ne gotiated in another 6 states and trade union education should be introduced amongst the General membership. ment of met Sabah Timber Workers Union& Third Division Timber Industry Employees Sarawak This Union was initiated by the IFBWW representative in Singapore late Bro. D. Ramanujam, and during his period the Union reached a maximum strength of over 3,000 members. A motor launch was purchased from the Swedish fund provided for the purpose of organisational work as river transport is the only means of mmunica tion and transport in this country. After the demise of Bro. D. Ramanujam the Malaysian Trades Union Congress appointed Mr. Patric Rao as organiser for this region and also Sarawak under funds provided for this purpose by ICFTU During this period of appointment this Union and also our affiliate in Sarawak the Third Division Timber Industry Employees Union were neglected and as a result the Sabah Timber Workers Union failed and the Union lost its registration. The properties and books of the Union are also untraceable and the motor launch sunk Here is a typical example where due to negligence and lack of forsight in the appointment of proper person al to the States of Sabah and Sarawak has cost not only the IFBWW but also the ICFTU considerable sums of money. Both the Unions are non- existant except on paper and record for memory purposes. It should be remem bered in future planning that the affiliates of the IFBWW know best what they need and the IFBWW should deal direct with the affiliate and keeping the national centre informed purely for courtesy purposes. Even any assistance for IFBWW affiliates from ICFTU should be channeled through the IFBWW and not direct to the National Centre concerned. 46 97 98 AICA Present and future, activities of IFBWW in the Asian region and developing countries limws? edT riquorts WW891 er yd bebivonq about ririw taer ni iqmsdT.M.A.8M stryd besinsgno asw noinU zirT Teoqsoni2 ni UTROI to svitstrzegan WW8R1 to tisded no gnitos asw orlw majunems. 18 19 M.R.8.018 svitsinesgen sizysis M WW831 orit yd bessainimbs asw noinU aidT.8001 ni benediges asw riginU -padua as 2191D best art avowoH 80er to bns litnu majunsme verizon stal to saimeb srl 19ts iqmadT to boieq sertA.1osivbA as iqmedTV.A.8.18 painiston nadms192 of soitto WW81 most benistans youp rigente en enTylbiqs gribneque bre berizildares llaw won si noinU sri yanagrams to emit erit te llul 18 noinU enT.qirlanedmem nieris gnizette triemengs opew bebulonoo oals ever! yeriT andmem 000, yleen zi onistaizea fonoiise negro abosn Smaeang slirw how ed bluow ti bris oqs auoivenq ym ni begita 26 18000 vay ai polol aid to sinso nicoloved ni esisivites otutut oni obient LATEX AMERR slaysis M ni d The Affiliates from Asian Region are: ed hot sirvele tasW, noinU nabaD admiT Sabah Timber Workers Union betalen brs over ni iqms TM.A.8.018 yd besinegro asw noin vid 08 Third Division Timber Industry Employees Union The Sawmill and Timber Industry Workers Union Timber Graders Union, West Malaysia som won eriti botimil ynov ai noinU air to isitnor ariz asri noin arabs10 redmiT erT andmem gni ylazemixongqs) yonomus nslaysleM 00.32 eniyaq dieta ati yoq as est noitsilis 1) The Union of Forest Employees 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) yd bensteinimbs al noin enoti gnibend to lewens 8) 9) United Lumber Workers of the Philippines, Agusam Sharikat Buroh Pekerjaan Umum dan Tenaga, Djakarta, Indonesia sibnl The Indian National Building and Construction Workers Federation, Jaipur, India Building Mazdoor Union, Bombay, India Union of Forest Employees 12 mortw ot ister logot att vd beinso ens ati pnibloni ed Hiw noin airT liud noite neibel T sibn The Union of Forest Employees was organised in 1958 by Brother B.R.N. Thampi for the purpose of catering to the needs of the Forest Labourers, subordinates staff and non uniformed staff( Excluding Forest Rangers& Foresters) employed by the Forest Department. The Union until the declaration of the Emergency in May 1969 H had an organised strength of over 90 percent of its potential members. The membership increased during the years 1966-1968. During the period of 1966-1968 financial assistance for educational purpose was channeled through the ICFTU Representative in Singapore late Brother D. Ramanujam. The educational programme was carried out at District and State level where the General Secretary had personal and direct contact with the members. In all cases it consisted of one or two day week- end seminars in the central place where the members could gather without any expenses to the members. The only expenses involved for such Trade Union Course is the travelling and lodging( expense of one or two lecturers and meals expenses for participants. This is the most economical and effective way of education members at grass root level. bns Before May 1969 when a state of emergency was declared following communal riots Check off Systems were negotiated and put into effect in 8 states involving 680 workers. During the period of 1969 to 1970 trade union ( d activities practically came to stand still and workers not effected by the Check off System began to drop off the membership list due to non payment of membership dues. Since the beginning of 1971 Trade Unions began to show some activities in this region and membership position is improving slightly. Check off System has to be negotiated in another 6 states and trade union education should be introduced amongst the General membership. Sabah Timber Workers Union& Third Division Timber Industry Employees Sarawak of 22 This Union was initiated by the IFBWW representative in Singapore late Bro. D. Ramanujam, and during his period the Union reached a maximum strength of over 3,000 members. A motor launch was purchased from the Swedish fund provided for the purpose of organisational work as river transport is the only means of communication and transport in this country. After the demise of Bro. D. Ramanujam the Malaysian Trades Union Congress appointed Mr. Patric Rao as organiser for this region and also Sarawak under funds provided for this purpose by ICFTU. During this period of appointment this Union and also our affiliate in Sarawak the Third Division Timber Industry Employees Union were neglected and as a result the Sabah Timber Workers Union failed and the Union lost its registration. The properties and books of the Union are also untraceable and the motor launch sunk or lost. Here is a typical example where due to negligence and lack of forsight in the appointment of proper personal to the States of Sabah and Sarawak has cost not only the IFBWW but also the ICFTU considerable sums of money. Both the Unions are non- existant except on paper and record for memory purposes. It should be remembered in future planning that the affiliates of the IFBWW know best what they need and the IFBWW should deal direct with the affiliate and keeping the national centre informed purely for courtesy purposes. Even any assistance for IFBWW affiliates from ICFTU should be channeled through the IFBWW and not direct to the National Centre concerned. 9 99 Stiftung * Bur EbertЧаирана The Sawmill and Timber Industry Workers Union, West Malaysia ni WW831 to esitivitas enurut bos 192919 This Union was organised by the Mr. B.R.N. Thampi in 1967 with funds provided by the IFBWW through Later Brother D. Ramanujam who was acting on behalf of IFBWW as representative of ICFTU in Singapore. The Union was registered in 1968. This Union was administered by the IFBWW Malaysian representative Bro. B.R.N. Thampi after the demise of late Brother Ramanujam until end of 1969. However the Head Quarters was subsequently transferred from IFBWW office to Seremban retaining Bro. B.R.N. Thampi as Advisor. After a period of lull at the time of emergency the Union is now well established and expanding rapidly. The present strength is nearly 3,000 members. They have also concluded wage agreement effecting their membership. The Union at present needs organisational assistance. The potential of this Union is very great as mentioned in my previous report and it would be worth while for the Executive Board to keep inmind this Union when considering future activities in Developing Countries noting that the Sawmill Industry is the third largest industry in Malaysia. Timber Graders Union, West Malaysia 2016 noieЯ sizA most astellittA enT This Union was organised by Bro. B.R.N. Thampi in 1970 and registered in February 1971. Though the popinU T tential of this Union is very limited it has now more than 60 percent of its potential strength organised as paying members. The Timber Graders Union has the highest union dues paying members in Malaysia each member paying$ 5.00 Malaysian currency( approximately US$ 1.85) per member per month. It is in a position to pay its affiliation fee as per its strength before the congress meets. The Union is currently negotiating on the question of ( 2 renewal of Grading Certificates. The Union is administered by Bro. B.R.N. Thampi and one clerk. Its negotiations are carried by its legal retainers to whom$ 1,200.00 Malaysian Dollars( US$ 400.00) is paid per annum. This Union will be holding its second Annual General meeting in May 1972. nese don The Indian Nation Building and Construction Workers Federation, Jaipur, India ( 8 12( e 107 to goin This is one of largest affiliates from Asia with a membership of 35,749 in 75 unions from 17 States in India. The affiliation of this Federation was kept in abeyance until the matter was brought up by Bro. Thampi with the Head Quarters in 1969. The potentiality of this Union is considerably high and it is doubtful if affiliation fees can be paid by this Union until more organisation takes place. However it is hoped to submit a more detailed report at a later date. quq isnoits: mengong isnotsoube T a) b) Building Mazdoor Union, Bombay, India isn United Lumber Workers of the Philippines UT301 odr sariw lovel are leow ysb ow 20260 dmem c) pri Sharikat Buroh Perkerkjaan Umum dan Tenaga, Indonesia a) Building Mazdoor Union, Bombay. This Union was one of the first affiliates from India, but its activities and progress to this date has not appeared in any reports. It is hoped that the Union itself will submit a report of its activities to the IFBWW secretariat before the Congress. b) and c): there is no information available from these two affiliates. now be lite briste of bns open sitivijos The proposal for future activities in Asia and developing countries in Asia are given in part II of this report. -on ed of asd meta no noms beaubo ad bluore nois be noinu bet br. 29162 6 ni.barsitop Union of Forest Employees, Malaysia lewe soyolqmayatzubni di B.R.N. Thampi, General Secretary of the inde? aid pnhub bris majunsmsЯ.0.018 stel 910qspri2 ni evirsensesgos WW1 edr yd bersirini asw noinU aidT erts most bearinuq zew ronus! nodom A andmem 000, ovo to ignente mumixsms berloest noinUed bolq soinummoo to ensem vino art ai hoqenet hovin as show lunoitseinegro to seoquq sr sot babivong but reibow2 22pno noin asbarT nslaysis M ad majunamsЯ.0.018 to saimeb sdt Aynuos airtr ni oqansit bns noit vd seoquq aidi not bebivong about abriu lewens ozhs bris noiges sirit not seinepro as of its M betnioqqs admiT noizivia bridT orb slewis2 ni steilitis quo oele bne noinU air nominioqqa to boiteq air gnud.UTI noinU erit bns belist noin 100W edmiT discs2 ort thueens as bns betosigan new noinU assyolom vitzubnil 3201 10 nua ronusl harom sit bns eldasosnu oels 916 noinŲ erit to aslood bois asihsqonq erT nointige ati 120l noris egong to nominiogas srit ni tripianot to lost bns conegilgen or sub ebrw elqmsxs leoigy) a al 18H to amua sideroblanco UTRO srl oals tud WW831 st vino ton 1200 zad dewan2 bris rede2 to asta erit or le msmen od bluore 11 aseoquq nomem 101 b10db 1996 no lesb bluorla WW81 er bns boon yar Jarlw 129d won WW1 sdr to assilitis ar tar oniansiq uut ni bened consties vis nezinyoo no? ylenuq bemotní sitnisa lepoisen erit gnique bris steillis odt diw sonib 1ne Isnoits srit of Jonib ton bns WWB31 ort riguori belennerlo ed bluorks UTAO1 mont zarsiliths WW871 pot bensonco 100 Report on activities in Latin America After many years of discussions, the question of sion in 1971. In spring that year I was offered to repre ffice in nezu in that country. In August 1971, while pa opportunity to visit Venezuela and the fa. This convinced me to acc of the year 1972. Against this bad Introduction At the beginning of January 1972, Mr. Rudolf Sperner, President of Bau Building and Woodworkers, Secretar ing at Caracas, the group stopped in and old ones we me time a picture of the possibilities for IFBW office of the IFBWW was set Already before this journey took by the fact that the Ar Argentine LATIN AMERICA decided that I should take up my would like to submit the tion consisting of Mr Abraham Buys, President of the IFBWW, Mr Knut Johansson, President of the Nordic Federation of and myself travelled all the way to Caracas. Before arriv gotá, Santiago, Buenos res and Rio de Bogo rney for had ap for about 100.000 mem Org bout the doub When the experienc that the increase in the The educa act that conc The natural thing then isations which had alre been nothing original about ce, where education is general llowed to put the Latin America arid the of the tional work should go hand IFBW hort. start educational work in a number of coun and encourage affiliation among those who had not. There would have rade Secretariats have already been as work in this way in Latin Ameri of do something about education for memb contributions made by the they should have knowledge and orgas it seen made these Sebre isation and a pre- requisite for their with active members nece to ats. The that tion, and It is difficult for it to function well on in Latin America, is too expensive had found a possible solution to this ong The seminar, which is the most common form of trade union however, to be used in the case of member education. We considered that problem in the study circle method, which has been appli and developed in time, and in trying to adapt it to Latin American conditions. It is inexpensive implies an active participation on the part of each rticipant. Besides par study circle and a text to study. We drew up a project in the summer and autu ing a special textbook to provide basic trade union knowledge. A number of leaders of study circles were further more to be trained for their work. Considering that this basic trade union knowledge should be of a general kind the project loader the produce extended to cover in Latin- America and In these circumstances it be of the textbook, a seminar for metal and food workers also. These workers have Trade Secretariats which are very their Latin American representatives showed interest in our project at an early came necessary to extend the scheme. The planning finally included the leaders of study circles from different countries, from the trades mentioned- including, of course, the building and 101 The Sowmill and Timber Industry Workers Union, West Malaysia This Union was org Later Brother D. Ramanu Union quer after is nearly 3,000 me present sed by the Mr. B.R.N. Thampi in 1967 with funds provided who was acting on beh of IFBWW as red in 1968. This Union was admini red by the IFBOWW nise of late Brother Ramanujam unt from IFBWW office to Seremban retaining Bro. B.R.N the Union is now well established and exp They have also concluded wage agr assistance the IFBWW through ICFTU in Singapore. The tive Bro. B.R.N. od of ngth The Union at mentioned ed in my previous and it would be worth while in Developing Countries AQUEMA ZITAL Timber Graders Union, West Molayda in Malaysi This Union was organised by Bro. B.R.N. Thampi in 1970 and tentia ing mem paying The Timber Graders Union has the highest union rrency( approximately US$ 1.95) fore the congress me February 1971. Though the postrength organised as paysia each member sition to pay its tions This The Indian Nation This The affiliatio Head Qu port a) b) c) tivitie rap 102 Building Mazdoor Union, Bombay, India United Lumber Workers of the Philippines Eat Buroh aan Umum The Bor to this date. Indonesia from 17 States in India. Bro. Thampi with the if affliation fees a more detailed si Report on activities in Latin America barono or no.qu- wollots vilanit bns-- asbez prishowboow er nee Jud animez.to qua lombia arch. Con Contact was -> howbagw bos Latin America 帶 of wh aliitto tol made to Mexico opgedaid Tour. Our ead the After many years of discussions, the question of IFBWW representation in Latin America matured to a decision in 1971. In spring that year I was offered to represent the IFBWW in Latin America for a limited period of time. The office was to be set up in Venezuela, since at that time the IFBWW had its only Latin American affiliate in that country. In August 1971, while participating in a few seminars for metal workers in Colombia, I got the opportunity to visit Venezuela and the Federación de Trabajadores de la Industria de la Construcción de Venezuela. This convinced me to accept the offer and it was decided that I should take up my functions at the beginning of the year 1972. Against this background I would like to submit the following report: Introduction fw of At the beginning of January 1972, a delegation consisting of Mr Abraham Buys, President of the IFBWW, Mr. Rudolf Sperner, President of Bau- Steine- Erden, Mr Knut Johansson, President of the Nordic Federation of Building and Woodworkers, Secretary Jan- Erik Norling, and myself travelled all the way to Caracas. Before arriving at Caracas, the group stopped in Mexico City, Bogotá, Santiago, Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro. New contacts were made and old ones were renewed. This journey was in fact intended to be an introductory journey for me and at the same time a reconnaissance tour for the rest of the participants, to give them a good and detailed picture of the possibilities for IFBWW activities in Latin America. On the arrival in Caracas, the Latin American office of the IFBWW was set up and after a few days' stay the whole group except for myself returned to Europe. Already before this journey took place, the outlook for the IFBWW on this continent had improved considerably by the fact that the Argentine building trade union, Unión Obrera de la Construcción de la República Argentina, had applied for affiliation. Even though the formal adherence did not take effect until the end of May 1972, it was reassuring to be able to count on these two big organisations already from the start the Venezuelan one having about 100.000 members and the Argentine one about the double. Organisation of activities bluow - When the IFBWW appointed me as its representative, in a certain sense it meant a taking of a position. My experiences will come to the best use if I am allowed to put the emphasis on educational activities. The idea was that the increase in the number of affiliates in Latin America and the educational work should go hand in hand. The educational activity could in fact become one of the major reasons for an affiliation to the IFBWW. It has always been a fact that concrete activities are more convincing than promises of different kinds of support. The natural thing then would be to start educational work in a number of countries in order to assist those organisations which had already affiliated and encourage affiliation among those who had not. There would have been nothing original about that. Several Trade Secretariats have already been as work in this way in Latin America, where education is generally considered to be of decisive importance. But it seemed increasingly necessary to do something about education for members, partly because of the experiences made by these Secretariats. The contributions made by the members are vital for the organisation and a pre- requisite for their contributions is that they should have knowledge and experience. An organisation with active members is a vigorous organisation, and it is difficult for it to function well if only a few leaders are in charge of the entire operation. The seminar, which is the most common form of trade union education in Latin America, is too expensive, however, to be used in the case of member education. We considered that we had found a possible solution to this problem in the study circle method, which has been applied and developed in some European countries for a long time, and in trying to adapt it to Latin American conditions. It is inexpensive and in its very method of work it implies an active participation on the part of each participant. Besides participants, it requires one leader of the study circle and a text to study. We drew up a project in the summer and autumn of 1971, which aimed at producing a special textbook to provide basic trade union knowledge. A number of leaders of study circles were furthermore to be trained for their work. Considering that this basic trade union knowledge should be of a general kind and that the method should be able to benefit other trades as well, the project was gradually extended to cover metal and food workers also. These workers have Trade Secretariats which are very active in Latin America and their Latin American representatives showed interest in our project at an early date. In these circumstances it became necessary to extend the scheme. The planning finally included the preparation of the textbook, a seminar for leaders of study circles from different countries, from the trades mentioned- including, of course, the building and A woodworking trades- and finally a follow- up. On the one hand it would mean support and assistance to participants in previous seminars when they start their own study circles, on the other it would mean the arrangement of seminars for officials similar to the initial one, but on the local level and in collaboration with participants in previous seminars. This became so far- reaching that the IFBWW, as a matter of course, turned to the ILO in order to get financial assistance for this educational activity, which to a large extent would benefit not only building and woodworkers but others as well. The ILO's answer was positive and a total grant of 28,500 dollars has been made available as from July 1st, 1972. As to the organisation of activities, the preparation of the textbook should of course have come in the first place since it constituted the prior condition for the implementation of the whole programme. A few circumstances however made it impossible to devote our whole time to the textbook. It takes time to produce a text which is to deal with the most essential, basic trade union questions in some ten countries, if the aim is to adapt noiz the text to the prevailing conditions in such a way that it is of practical use for the participants in the study circles. Besides, if one does not do this, one does not get any participants either. Meanwhile one must not disregard the contact activity. Before the educational activities are set going, one must try to arouse the potential interest in becoming affiliated to and cooperating with the IFBWW, if this interest is not to be lost. This is important in itself. Furthermore, the contacts with trade union people in different countries contributes in a valuable way to the elaboration of the text we are just about to write. In other words one must not loose contact with the kind of reality to which one wishes to adapt the text. Thus, the activities of the first half- year have to a great extent been marked by compromises between different priorities and, as is always the case in practice, due attention has been given to each part of the activity. bellsvens pliu8 The textbook not 26 gni Consequently, a great deal of my work in spring 1972 was devoted to writing and otherwise designing a textbook for the future study circle work. Previous trade union manuals served as a basis for the contents but personal experiences and viewpoints have of course been included as well. In order to avoid content problems by using a language which is not my own, I wrote the first version in Swedish. I thereafter made a translation myself into Spanish, which was finally examined by a few persons both from the point of view of the language and the content. Taking their remarks into consideration I then made a clear copy of the manuscript and had it stenciled. The stenciled edition has been sent to all persons and organisations who are likely to be interested and to lend a helping hand. The purpose was that they should express their opinions in order to make further corrections before the manuscript went to press. As before, the intention was to adapt the content as far as possible to the Latin American needs. In this connection I would like to thank those who, with interest and insight, have contributed to this project. The stenciled text is 87 pages long and in print it will be between 60 and 70 large- size pages. In order to make it more attractive, I intended to insert a few drawings in the text. My original idea was to use a number of European drawings, borrowed from trade union litterature. Fortunately I realised in time that the drawings also had to be Latin American. A metal worker from Mariara has helped me with that detail. Since the end of June the manuscript is at the printer's and the little book is scheduled to be ready at the beginning of August. Congress participants can in any event expect to see it during the Congress. svert bl Educational work V16. noms ybseils over bris ot beebianco vlls birw anoitering ode langito pirtion need noitsoube If one intends to organise the educational work in the form of study circles, then no studies can begin until the text is ready. Therefore there should not really be anything to report on under this item as yet. However, the IMF had for long been planning to organise a seminar for trade union educational directors for its Venezuelan affiliate FETRAMETAL, and since we were to cooperate in the near future through the study circle project, the IMF asked us to participate both with students and teachers. The International Union of Food and Allied Workers participated as well. The seminar lasted from the 12th to the 24th of June, 1972 and was held in the holiday village Los Caracas, which lies about 37 miles from the capital. The original intention was that the ILO representative Mr Cesare Poloni should participate as instructor, but he was prevented for technical reasons. As teachers then remained Mr Eduardo Murguía from the IMF and myself. There were 31 participants, of which 16 were metal workers, 8 building workers, 5 food and 2 textile workers. Most of the work was done in groups and I took the opportunity to pave the way even more for the coming study circles. qu ws nu obu piesd ebivong of x00 As to the preparatory seminar for leaders of study circles there is nothing to report, since it has not yet taken pni place and shall not take place until the end of August at the earliest, according to our plans. As is shown below, this report is written on July, 22nd. amA nits tonio ports nl ssh vhsens 36 to long nuo ni teardini bowone zavitsineeangeoverne nirs.j tedd 101 16nimse sploodtxst srl to noitesqenq sit babuloni vllsnit oninnsiq sdT.amados aris braixe of visazben me bos pribliud erit, sanuod to gnibuloni- benoitnem sabe er montesinoo Insettib mont estonio ybute to ansbsel B Contacts and recruiting sd WW1 sdt doidw yaivijos ar to apsmi sidianartexqmoo bns solo a 207polob sds navig by freFor several reasons mentioned above, the activity during the first half- year has been characterised by quent contact journeys. After the initial tour, which has already been dealt with, a journey was made to Mexico and Colombia in March. Contact was then made with all of the building workers' organisations in Mexico which we had hoped to meet, but had not been able to because of a considerable delay during our introductory tour. Our arrival in Mexico had been delayed about one day because of fog in Amsterdam. During the journey in March, all organisations except those who had moved elsewhere were contacted and the plans of activity of the IFBWW in Latin America were presented. This time as before, Mr Fidel Velázquez, General Secretary of the Mexican TUC, was present. Cooperation which will be important for the future was started with its training institution, the head of which is Brother Bernardo Cobos. In Colombia I made preliminary attempts to contact those organisations in the building and woodworking industries which are affiliated to the Trade Union Congresses CTC and TUC. The problem for the IFBWW in Colombia is that the majority of building workers belong to the building trade union which is affiliated to the Communist TUC- CSTC. In April the journey went southwards with Colombia, Peru, Argentina and Brazil on the programme. This time the contacts in Colombia advanced so far that the CTC sent out circulars to its member organisations in order to introduce the IFBWW and our activity and invite member organisations to get into contact with the IFBWW. The UTC organised a meeting with representatives from its affiliates in the wood industry. In Peru the trade union panorama is complex and it would lead too far to go into details in a report like this one. There exists obviously a vast field here for the IFBWW to work upon. I intend to begin that work later in the automn. In Argentina I of course visited UOCRA, an organisation which at that time had just one more month to wait before becoming an official member of the IFBWW. With its help contact was taken with the wood workers, who have approximately 35,000 members. This organisation was interested in applying for affiliation, which it also did, but unfortunately a few days too late for the application to be dealt with at the meeting of the Executive Committee on the 30th and 31st of May 1972. The Unión de Sindicatos de la Industria Manderera de la República Argentina will probably be represented at the Congress as an affiliate. During the journey in January contacts had been established with the Brazilian building trade union in Guanabara. At this new occasion contacts were made with the trade union in Rio Grande do Sul which was informed about the IFBWW and its projects. The last place to be visited in Brazil during this journey was Recife, where the building trade union wished to become a member of the IFBWW. During our talks I managed to convince the representatives that the building and woodworkers' union in the state Pernambuco also ought to apply for affiliation. This they also did, but both organisations must wait for the President's consent, without which no Brazilian organisation is allowed to affiliate to an International. No information has so far been received about such a consent. By the middle of the year it was time to make new journeys of approximately the same extent in order to recruit participants to the seminar for leaders of study circles, which is scheduled to take place at the beginning of the autumn. At the time of this writing the first of these trips to Mexico and Costa Rica, has taken place. In addition to recruiting participants, the IFBWW was also interested in renewing the contacts with the wood workers. At a seminar held by the IFBWW in Mexico in 1969, a number of wood workers had been present. It was naturally appropriate as well to enter into contact with other organisations than those who had participated in 1969. I therefore went to Chihuahua and Durango in the company of a representative of CTM's institution for trade union education. In both these important centers of the wood industry the welcome was magnificent and there existed an obvious interest in the study circle activity. Nevertheless we jointly decided not to choose any participants for the first seminar, since the question had not been prepared. It was instead agreed that some of the follow- ups, in the form of local seminars for leaders of study circles should be held there during one of the last months of this year. In Costa Rica the relatively new building trade union had shown an interest in affiliation. This organisation, Unión de Trabajadores de la Construcción, has also submitted its application for affiliation and it had moreover had the opportunity to prepare the question of participation in the first seminar for leaders of study circles. Consequently a participant was chosen from this organisation. At the time of the Congress, the application for affiliation from the Sindicato de Trabajadores de Cementos SAMPER, Colombia, will probably been submitted and dealt with. At the time of this writing, the activity here has lasted half a year, but when it will be read, three quarters of the year will have passed. Hence the report will only cover about 70 percent of the expired time. I must nevertheless limit myself to account for the events which have occurred and refrain from trying to look into the future. Conclusion By way of conclusion I therefore just wish to add that I am now immediately starting on the journey towards the south in order to recruit participants for the seminar. At the Congress I will report orally on those events which will have occurred between this moment and the date of the Congress. With this brief review I hope to have C given the delegates a clear and comprehensible image of the activity which the IFBWW has just begun in Latin America. bear si do irlw no ment ods in insup nibliud srt to its ririw ebam ned bns Åke Wedin new 910ted as smit air! T.bet nite.J to adborisq how teris niged at bestni Show of WW83 bleit zasv differ dmem 000 ngas over ontw Jud, bib ozis dhe od who, hie of hebio ni instxe sms or yletermixong goinn zysmuo wan silam or erit ve เวลา place this tA inpern zew om yne sa oor or ton бobiosb sqmoo art ubni boow sit to zaslerovel arb rod'nl.noisso it ni Jastarni auoivdo for ders bsifimduz nesd mis beniqxs otni pool at gniy mont nis is nothing ccording to our 250 the copor: voo vino is not yet taken or yemuo oris no gnista vietaibammi won me I tert bbs.or iw tauj noteserb I noizulonos lo ysw y atnsve saorif no ylleno og lliw| 2291pno srt A enimise erit not thaqibing tune of 1abio ni rituoz srit abisw eved of aqort I waiven teid eldt riiWangno orbs to stab orlt bas temom air neswied beso over! Iliv, roiriw D The activities of the International Housing Committee Housing and its environment were always high on the list of the priorities of the labou cannot be better illustrated than by remembering the fact that in pean Regional Organisation of the ICFTU held the first European Trade Union Declaration on Social Housing in Western Europe" was Conference, the Regional Council of the ERO created investigations into social and economic aspects of hou The Committee's secretary rep ented the Free Trade and Conferences and at seminars of the ILO, OECD, EEC and took place in close cooperation with general was a permanent mem Thi 1972 ce in I.H.C. tanding made the ECOSOC and ECE Comm non- governmental org on Housing The activities Woodworkers, whose secretary International Housing Bulletin in 1954. The present International Housing Committee succeeded the ERO SHC in 1965 when the Executive Boards of the ICFTU and IFBWW approved a October 1964 in Brussels. The secretary In the period under review two lems of the human environment Housing made by the Joint Conference" Housing for the Millions", held in of IFBWW is co- chairman of IHC. pecial attention: housing for low- income groups and prob trialised and developing countries. At its 5th meeting in May 1970, the IHC finalised the report on" The Housing Situation of low- income groups" which had been prepared by the Standing IHC Working Group formed by the secretary and experts from Belgium, Germany, Great Britain and Sweden. The English, French and German version of the document were widely distributed. The response it found was illustrated by the fact that a Spanish translation was made by the Inter- American Savings and Loan Union in Santiago de Chile and published as No. 10 in the series" Cuadernos de ahorro y préstamo" The 5th meeting to all governments, the UN pted a statement on" The World Housing Situation which" appealed elised agencies and inter- governmental as well as international organisa tions to promote the necessary steps so that housing and community facilities for all groups of the population, especially for lower- income groups, are ven priority in national and regional plans needed to achieve the economic and social goals established in the Declaration on Social Developm and in the suggestions for the Second Development Decade of the UN mittee for Developm One of the proposals reper Planning" the statement was taken up by the Economic and Social Council of the UN when it was suggested to the 25th General Assembly to" consider establishment of a combined housing training- employment programme" as an instrument for the creation Environment in developing countries. Following a request of its parent bodies, the IHC, at its 5th meeting in May 1970, added a new item to its programme of work: the preparation of the participation of the free trade union movement at the UN Conference on the Human Environment, scheduled for June 1972 in Stockholm. After consultation with several national centres, a new working group was formed which included experts from Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. The first meeting took place in February 1971 in Geneva, immediately after the second Session of the UN Preparatory Committee for the Stockholm Conference, which had been attended by the IHC secretary on behalf of the ICFTU. A second meeting of the working group was under the chairmanship of H. Maler, Head of the ICFTU Economic, Social and in the meantime assistant secretary general. On that occasion, the" basic docum May 1971, in Amsterdam Department, who became finalised, so that it could be submitted to the secretariat of the Stockholm Conference before the dead- line of 31 May 1971. The document was published in August 1973 in the four working languages of the ICFTU as a special issue of the Economic and Social Bulletin:" The Free Trade Unions and the Challenge of the Environment. It puts special emphasis on the importance of decent human settlements and working places for the living and working on103 given the America .D.H.I 104 the tivity which the IFBWW un in Latin The activities of the International Housing Committee savo ter rost erit bris ansжhow sit to temnosiv 29inuo niqolovab to ymonoce isnoisen erit or noiuding miorbloot sit to UTRO! erts to noiseqibing er bezzuozib OHI or Stet visunde at no gnizem rire al 1A -ubob merito is19v92, consistno art to sbnops Isnoizivong sd," nemusob plasd" art to trigil srit ni sonenetno -muna betqobs settimmo 94T J19 MU er ditiw etostno sastal art gribisgen anoitepinummoobs an sonatno mioribot er or noitepoleb UT 31 art not enil- eblugs as anoiaulando brisanoitsbremmo to ed wen to wsiv ni esitivitos vermut not WW831 bris UTROI to asibod grimsvog art of abam oals new znojangu gnibliud bns gnieuori bns Inemnonivas namun erit to blait ari ni amemgaleveb prirlosen- 16) bas sitivites erro ni noission Housing and its environment were always high on the list of the priorities of the labour movement. This cannot be better illustrated than by remembering the fact that in March 1972 it was twenty years that the European Regional Organisation of the ICFTU held the first European Housing Conference in Paris. On that occasion a" Trade Union Declaration on Social Housing in Western Europe" was published. Following a suggestion of the Conference, the Regional Council of the ERO created a Standing Housing Committee, which made a number of investigations into social and economic aspects of housing, including financing, rent policy and acquisition of land. The Committee's secretary represented the Free Trade Unions at the ECOSOC and ECE Committees on Housing and Conferences and at seminars of the ILO, OECD, EEC and many non- governmental organisations. The activities took place in close cooperation with the International Federation of Building and Woodworkers, whose secretary general was a permanent member and which started the regular publication of the International Housing Bulletin in 1954. The present International Housing Committee succeeded the ERO SHC in 1965 when the Executive Boards of the ICFTU and IFBWW approved a proposal made by the Joint Conference" Housing for the Millions", held in October 1964 in Brussels. The secretary general of IFBWW is co- chairman of IHC. In the period under review two items received special attention: housing for low- income groups and problems of the human environment both in the industrialised and developing countries. Housing - At its 5th meeting in May 1970, the IHC finalised the report on" The Housing Situation of low- income groups" which had been prepared by the Standing IHC Working Group formed by the secretary and experts from Belgium, Germany, Great Britain and Sweden. The English, French and German version of the document were widely distributed. The response it found was illustrated by the fact that a Spanish translation was made by the Inter- American Savings and Loan Union in Santiago de Chile and published as No. 10 in the series" Cuadernos de ahorro y préstamo". The 5th meeting of the IHC also adopted a statement on" The World Housing Situation" which" appealed to all governments, the UN and its specialised agencies and inter- governmental as well as international organisations to promote the necessary steps so that housing and community facilities for all groups of the population, especially for lower- income groups, are given priority in national and regional plans needed to achieve the economic and social goals established in the UN Declaration on Social Development and in the suggestions for the Second Development Decade of the UN Committee for Development Planning". One of the proposals repeated in the statement was taken up by the Economic and Social Council of the UN when it was suggested to the 25th General Assembly to" consider the establishment of a combined housingtraining- employment programme" as an instrument for the creation of jobs in developing countries. Environment Following a request of its parent bodies, the IHC, at its 5th meeting in May 1970, added a new item to its programme of work: the preparation of the participation of the free trade union movement at the UN Conference on the Human Environment, scheduled for June 1972 in Stockholm. After consultation with several national centres, a new working group was formed which included experts from Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. The first meeting took place in February 1971 in Geneva, immediately after the second session of the UN Preparatory Committee for the Stockholm Conference, which had been attended by the IHC's secretary on behalf of the ICFTU. A second meeting of the working group was held in May 1971, in Amsterdam under the chairmanship of H. Maier, Head of the ICFTU Economic, Social and Political Department, who became in the meantime assistant secretary general. On that occasion, the" basic document" was finalised, so that it could be submitted to the secretariat of the Stockholm Conference before the dead- line of 31 May 1971. The document was published in August 1971 in the four working languages of the ICFTU as a special issue of the Economic and Social Bulletin:" The Free Trade Unions and the Challenge of the Environment". It puts special emphasis on the importance of decent human settlements and working places for the living and working en105 vironment of the workers and the fact that house- building and building activities in general can make a major contribution to the national economy of developing countries. At its 6th meeting on 15 February 1972 the IHC discussed the participation of the ICFTU at the Stockholm Conference in the light of the" basic document", the provisional agenda of the Conference, several other documents and communications regarding the latest contacts with the UN secretariat. The Committee adopted a number of recommendations and conclusions as a guide- line for the ICFTU delegation to the Stockholm Conference. Suggestions were also made to the governing bodies of ICFTU and IFBWW for further activities in view of new and far- reaching developments in the field of the human environment and housing and building. Participation in other activities vewie snow tren The secretary general, the secretary of the IHC and other experts represented IFBWW at the annual and bipriegoH annual sessions of the Committees on Housing, Building and Planning of the UN and of the Economic Commission of Europe( ECE), as well as at several working parties, the secretary of IHC was also invited as an observer to UN Groups of Experts on Housing Needs and on Financing of Housing. More recently he was nominated rapporteur at a forthcoming UN- ECE seminar on the Financing of Housing, member of the Standing Committee on Social Housing of the International Federation of Housing and Planning and of the Executive Board of the International Technical Cooperation Centre, sponsored by the World Congress of Architects and Engineers in Israel. The International Housing Bulletin, which is published by the IFBWW and edited by the secretariat of theor IHC, appears now in four printed issues a year. Besides by trade unions, it is widely read among libraries, universities, government authorities and other housing and planning experts in many countries. abse OR3 ni blad," anoilliMed ous strimmo prizuoH bavonqq V941 bris UTIs to OHI to misrb- co al WW831 to levensg vamosa T Heinz Umrather do -dong bas equong smooni- wol tot gnizuod: noinette leiega bevisne armati ow! waiver abnu boisaq arb ni asinuo onigolavab bns beallisintaubni erit ni dod- inomnozivne namun erit to amel gnizuoH smooni- wol to noitsuti gnisuoH adT" no hogar st buzilanit OHI ar over yaM ni gniteam rhd ai 1A mont ansqxe bos vietose er yd bermot quoi gnihoW OH! gribnate orb yd bensqanq need bar roirw" aquong new temucob arts to noiarov nsmis bns ronen dailpn3sT.nebowe bas nieriv8 sssno, vnams, mulgle8 erit vd sbam zew noirslanet rainsqa terit tost arb yd batsitulli asw bnuot si sanoqası adT.bstudiuaib visbiw eb zombisu" asies srit ni oroM as berlailduq bns slit ab ogsins2 ni noin nsol bas agnive2 neolemA- 1stl " omatenq y otoris bolsoqqs" raidw" noitsuri pnizuoH bhoW odT" no tametsie's bergobs oals OHI ed to gniteom die sn seinspro lenoirsmstal as flow as latnammavdo- 191ni bns asionegs belailaibage asi bns MU arftatnenevo lls of nobslugog erb to aquong is not altillos ydinummoo bns gniauori ferit o zqoz viszsoon art tomong of anoit ope sift aveiros of bebean ansiq lanolgen bas lenoiren ni yahoinq novig an aquang ammooni- newol tot vllsinsges arit not anoitzogue erit ni bns namqolaved Isipo8 no noitsisloo MU srl ni beraildstes alsog isloo bris oimon " pninnel namqolevad not estrimmo VIU srt to absos inemqoleve broos2 rit to Honua sio bosimonooled yd qu na zew nemate or lionuo pniauori banidmoos to nemaildates art vobianoo" or yldmoesA Istone between alasogangers to sno basert of betzengue asw'ti nerlw MU nomyolqme- gninist eshtnuos paigoleveb ni adoj to noise or not anemuntani ns as" ammargon Insmotivn all of mosi won s bebbs over yaM ni gnissom de ati 18 OHI ori asibod transq ar to resupsi a pniwollo consisto MU srl 16 insmevom noinu bint sent oris to noiseqioieq art to modaqoq arb how to emmangong lenoiten leaves driw noitarluanoo etAmloro12 ni Terenul not beluberlo nosivna namuH art no abnsherto sritynene nieth18 en montanaqxe bebuloni rairiw bermot saw quong gnixhow wen 201 bnoose erit ters yleteibemmi evenso ni ter visunds ni sasiq loot gniteam teil on bashostiwe bns nebew2 ON at yd babratrs need bad roidw, sonenetno mlorbloo12 erit not 9813immo yoqen MU art to nolase mebistamA ni TerysM ni blad eow quong gnishow art to gritsom broosa A UTI sit to Harfad no visto smead orlw notisqed isoltiloq bns Isloopimonos UTRO erit to best oisM.H to qiranemisrio sit hebnu bluoo art oe, bealisnit sew" nemusob piesd" art noizeood tarts no lenansg vises instelass amitnom art n il cer yeM rɛ to enil- basb eri soted sonstetno miorbloos2 st to reineensa oris of bertimdus ed suzal laipages as UTRO! art to sagsugnal onixhow quot att ni er auguA ni barallduq sow nemusob erT sqa atuq 11." nemnonivna erit to aphellen erix bns anoinU sbar'T sa adT": nitellus floo2 bna oimonood sitt to -ne gnishow bne gnivil erit not asosiq gnbhow bne anomalie nemud insoeb to sonamoqmi art no citrine isio 106 Main features in the development of the building industry 1969-1972 Unemployment, employment, monetary The period 1969-1972 rep et of vital questione have come into the MAJOR series tion here to stay? Is the gap betwe ing to be dictated by only a small num union movement's influence dwindlin determined by decisions taken at the In an increasing number ised by the fact that full winter of 1971/1972. The pe teriorate and unem yment gr States. In the former, the saw a general rise in the unemployment level. The figures, of course, vary greatly from co smployment are calculated. Even Japan to 1970), but the total figure was still In Great Britain, the the fabour force as compared level also rose but was still tries and other highly devel January 1972 the rate of unemp 3.9 percent of the active male po While the level of unem most ecome tend to work within the tor The unemployment tremely worrying and who are entering profe The chances these young pe social developments taking place in nkind. During these few years, a widening? ments goDEVELOPMENTS Inistrative 1969 1972 20 red in before, In West Get 1970 dime Italy and the percent, 1971 rate of employment. Ich unemployment and in 1971( us compared total labour force. affected 3.5 percent of the unemployment countries like Great Britain and the USA. The Nordic coun ntries in Europe ounted to 3.5 perc ork in December 1971. from unemployment. Un the labour force and, in Holland. the total employment rate has also been increasing in inal professional groups have deteriorated be One fifth, or job will depend on swift etc. These staff eponor In most highly deve ed Industri countries, price trends in 1969-1972 followed a standard pattern. Consumer prices went up by an annual 3.5-7.0 percent and the most striking feature was that price increases were somewhat higher every year. Towards the end of 1971, this tendency slowed down a little and then, in the course of 1972, prices resumed their swift climbing course. Fortunately the wage- earners have, as a rule, been able to compensate for direct consumer plice increases by means of negotiations. In most countries except the USA, the annual wage increases for Industrial workers amounted to 8.0-10.0-11.0 percent. In the USA, Industrial workers were granted consi bly lower average wage increases and they had great difficulties in offsetting A typical feature of this situation is that the gover ments of many of price and income restrictions because the state of affairs was so ave had to intervene by means his intervention to be The results obtained do not seem to correspond to the aims and ob and there is nothing to indicate that the prevailin future. trend will come to and and in the not too distant ching for an explanato the Economista and politicians throughout the economic situation is evolving, eg the phenomenon of increasing unemployment coupled employment level as well as the rising consumer prices coupled with increasing unemployment in more and more occupational groups. The following explanations are the ones most frequently given: the formation of economic 107 Wirinment of the workers and the fact that house- building and building activities in to the national economy of developing countries. At its major con the Stockholm ral other docuing on 15 February 1972 the IHC discussed the participation of the ICFTU Conference in the light of the the provisional agenda of the Conference, acts with the UN secretariat. The Com ber of recommend ons and com ments in the field of were also made to the ing devel Participation in other activities for the ICFTU del on to the TU and IFBWW for further human environment and housing num Conference. of new HOLAM the seq the Committees rope( ECE), Groups of Exhort arking parti tional Technical Cooperation Centre, sponsored by the World Ster eaer 108 cities and other exper nted binomic Commis to rappor Sonterna planning experts in many Main features in the development of the building industry 1969-1972 met adt blow dini zoold 03 scolo zi emerit riquortiA outsnitium fo Wong 1991 -mam diti noite good imongos riut of brat zasloniterion esta erit Unemployment, employment, monetary problems A bns eqo sewied The period 1969-1972 represents an important time in the history of mankind. During these few years, a series of vital questions have come into the limelight, eg. Have we come to the end of full employment? Is inflation here to stay? Is the gap between the economic and political power blocks widening? Are developments going to be dictated by only a small number of economic giants, the so- called multinational companies? Is the trade union movement's influence dwindling as a result of national economic policies in more and more countries being determined by decisions taken at the central administrative level? In an increasing number of highly developed industrialised countries, the years 1969-1970 were characterised by the fact that full employment gave way to unemployment which reached serious dimensions in the winter of 1971/1972. The peak employment period was in 1969, but in 1970 already, the situation started to deteriorate and unemployment gradually increased. It reached particularly worrying proportions in Italy and the United States. In the former, the average rate of unemployment was 4.8 percent and in the USA 5.7 percent. 1971 saw a general rise in the unemployment level, even in countries which had long enjoyed a high rate of employment. The figures, of course, vary greatly from country to country, depending on the way in which unemployment and employment are calculated. Even Japan registered a 20 percent increase in unemployment in 1971( as compared to 1970), but the total figure was still only 1.2 percent when measured in relation to the total labour force. tub eco In Great Britain, the increase was particularly great in 1971, when unemployment affected 3.5 percent of the labour force as compared to 2.5 percent the year before. In West Germany and France, the unemployment level also rose but was still considerably lower than in countries like Great Britain and the USA. The Nordic countries and other highly developed small industrialised countries in Europe also suffered from unemployment. In January 1972, the rate of unemployment in Sweden amounted to 3.5 percent of the labour force and, in Holland, 3.9 percent of the active male population was out of work in December 1971. While the level of unemployment has been going up, the total employment rate has also been increasing in most countries. This paradox is explained by the fact that an increasing number of marginal professional groups have become integrated into economic life, eg. married women, students, immigrants, pensioners etc. These people tend to work within the tertiary sector where there is a great demand for part- time and temporary staff. so The unemployment situation does not seem to have deteriorated between 1969 and 1972, it is nevertheless extremely worrying and future prospects are somewhat gloomy. One fifth, or even one third of the youngsters who are entering professional life and who, unlike their parents, have received a basic education, are unemployed. The chances these young people have of finding a suitable job will depend on swift and far- reaching economic and social developments taking place in their countries. bazoilt 160 In most highly developed industrialised countries, price trends in 1969-1972 followed a standard pattern. Consumer prices went up by an annual 3.5-7.0 percent and the most striking feature was that price increases were somewhat higher every year. Towards the end of 1971, this tendency slowed down a little and then, in the course of 1972, prices resumed their swift climbing course. noillim 008 yd Fortunately the wage- earners have, as a rule, been able to compensate for direct consumer price increases by means of negotiations. In most countries except the USA, the annual wage increases for industrial workers amounted to 8.0-10.0-11.0 percent. In the USA, industrial workers were granted considerably lower average wage increases and they had great difficulties in offsetting rising prices. am A typical feature of this situation is that the governments of many countries have had to intervene by means of price and income restrictions because the state of affairs was so worrying that they felt this intervention to be necessary. The results obtained do not seem to correspond to the aims and objectives set. Prices continue to soar and there is nothing to indicate that the prevailing inflationary trend will come to and end in the not too distant future. grich Economists and politicians throughout the world are searching for an explanation to the way in which the economic situation is evolving, eg. the phenomenon of increasing unemployment coupled with a rise in the total employment level as well as the rising consumer prices coupled with increasing unemployment in more and more occupational groups. The following explanations are the ones most frequently given: the formation of economic 109 blocks in the world, the international flow of capital and the uncertain situation on the monetary market, the isM growth of multinational giants and the increasing economic difficulties which arise in the poor part of the world. The East is divided into two main blocks: the Soviet Union and Mongolia plus the countries of Eastern Europe as grouped under Comecon on the one hand, and the Peoples Republic of China on the other. There is precious little economic cooperation between these blocks. Japan and Australia are heading towards greater economic harmony through sophisticated industrial cooperation. The USA, Canada and Latin America form the world's most powerful economic block which is in a position to pursue an independent economic policy. Western Europe is at present dominated by the Common Market, the EEC, which will become a leading economic block once enlargement has increased the number of members from six to ten. Although there is close economic cooperation between Western Europe and America, the countries nonetheless tend to further economic cooperation with members of the same block. This came out very clearly in August 1971, when the USA introduced a temporary 10 percent import duty on manufactured goods, and it is very marked within the EEC where economic cooperation in the monetary field is under discussion with a view, possibly, to implementing a joint economic and investment policy in the future. The setting up of an investment bank within Comecon as well as debates on a more extensive division of labour are a sign of the same tendency to intensify cooperation between members of the same economic block. lwb sons oinu In this respect it should be pointed out that the developing countries associate themselves more or less closely with the various blocks, depending on their historical background, the degree to which they are linked to a former colonial power and other general considerations which might allow them to qualify for an active participation in world trade. to oxer During 1971, the world economic situation was characterised by a great deal of worry and uncertainty with respect to international payments. The main reason for this was the large deficit in the US balance of payments which continued to grow. In order to remedy this state of affairs, the USA did away with the dollar's long standing relation to gold on August 15th 1971. Throughout the autumn of 1971, negotiations were conducted with the leading countries of the West in order to determine the new exchange rates. These negotiations ended in an agreement concluded on December 18th 1971 in Washington. Jud,( oser of It was agreed that the various countries should write up the value of their currencies in relation to the dollar. The increase was calculated on the basis of the situation before the trouble really started in May 1971. Japan and West Germany saw the highest revaluations( 16.9 and 13.6 percent respectively), whereas it was considerably lower in France and Great Britain( 8.6 percent). At the same time the USA undertook to abolish the 10 percent import duty at once. Wider fluctuation margins were also introduced, namely 2.25 percent as compared to the former 1.0 percent. sedime ni show to tuo as noirsluqoq slam evitos ar to Insane Q.E Whether the new exchange rates will last and whether they will contribute to an expansion of world trade is not yet clear. The agreement has, however, already had a certain number of effects. sigos slo The EEC countries have entered into negotiations with a view to stabilising currencies throughout the Common Market area. The ultimate aim is the introduction of a common monetary and capital policy. In actual fact this policy implies that the EEC gains control over capital movements and, in particular, over the speculative capital which has been flowing very rapidly from country to country, taking advantage of the varying rates of interest and the possibility of making a profit out of a revaluation. lilnu, onw bas stil bns o ibnit to s Prices on the international oil market are usually expressed in dollars, and the devaluation of the dollar inflicted losses on the oil- producing countries. These countries thus entered into negotiations with the international oil companies and were granted compensation. At the same time they put forward their demands for greater participation in the international oil companies' plants and installations in the various countries. ob bewole The developing countries with no oil resources of their own suffered more from the devaluation of the dollar than anyone else. Their oil import figures went up by 300 million dollars in one go, and it is as yet too early to say how much the developing countries will lose in the way of export earnings as a consequence of the currency changes. According to UNCTAD estimates, their losses will go up to the thousand million dollar mark. The multinational companies continued to grow rapidly between 1969 and 1972. Mergers and amalgamations are becoming more and more frequent and we now see the emergence of company groups consisting of firms which often have nothing in common, neither as regards production, nor as regards marketing. The only thing which keeps them together is the fact that they work under the same company management which is pursuing one single aim, that of making as great a profit as possible. A typical example of a world- scale company of this kind is the American ITT group( International Telephone and Telegraph) which has an annual turnover of almost six s thousand million dollars. These giants are leaving their mark on the world economy, and there are many reasons to believe that the recent monetary difficulties were further aggravated by the multinational companies' transferring capital between their daughter firms in order to take advantage of the changes in the exchange rates.utia plmonoce Because these giants tend to promote research and technological progress, they manage to increase their me work productivity very rapidly. Their activities are becoming increasingly capital- intensive whilst at the same time 110 they establish themselves in countries in which the general standard of wages and living is low. The combination of low wages and capital- intensive production methods gives high proceeds and a strong competitive position. There are many reasons to believe that the rapid increase in work productivity provides one of the explanations for the increase in unemployment over the past few years. This situation was not, in other words, caused mainly by a general deterioration on the economic scene, but by a change in the structure of the actual production apparatus. Many high- wage countries like the USA suffer greatly from imports from low- wage countries in which American and international capital have settled, eg in South Korea, the Philippines, Hongkong and Singapore. Japan is also one of the countries which until recently had low wages and made use of the most sophisticated technological and production methods. be able The modern, capital- intensive industries, are in great need of capital. This demand is sometimes so great that are not enough available savings for instance, for housing construction and investments in the social sector. Thus the high interest rates in all countries can be explained not only by the monetary upheavals and general economic policies, but also by the fact that capital- intensive industries swallow up a considerable amount of capital which it is able to attract by promising high yields and a high level of work productivity. 1972 will, in many respects, form a decisive year as far as the world economy is concerned. In 1972 we shall see if the new exchange rates are realistic and promote an even and consistent expansion of world trade. This expansion is necessary if full use is to be made of the production resources in all countries and if unemployment is to be reduced to a minimum. The expansion of world trade is also a prerequisite for solving the serious unemployment and underemployment problems of the developing countries and for helping them remedy their shortage of foodstuffs and their ignorance. 1972 is also the year in which we may be able to embark upon a serious political and economic detente between East and West. Hopefully, 1972 will also be the year during which an economic policy was implemented to stabilise the level of prices and to reduce the rate of unemployment. Construction activities and housing production For obvious reasons, the construction industry( including housing) is an extremely important field of production in the economic life of every country, whether it be a highly developed industrialised country or a developing one. A growing population needs homes; a higher standard of living usually implies more space and better equipment in homes; economic growth does not only mean building new factories, it also implies a considerable amount of investment in schools, administrative buildings, roads, bridges and other important elements of what is known as a country's infrastructure. Everywhere there is a need for building and construction workers in actions and for an even supply of cement, bricks, construction timber and other sorts of building material. ad o vid According to the estimates of the UN Economic Commission for Europe( ECE), building investments in most countries account for 11-16 percent of the value of the GNP. If one adds repair and maintenance costs to this, the figure goes up to between 12 and 18 percent. The net value of the work done by building workers corresponds to 6-10 percent of the GNP. This is a considerable amount if one bears in mind the fact that construction workers represent approximately 7-10 percent of a country's active population. Although the situation varies considerably from country to country, an average for 13 European countries plus the USA shows that one third of the total amount invested in construction work was devoted to housing, one third to non- housing construction and one third to other forms of construction and works. As for maintenance and repair work, the largest share was devoted to various forms of construction and works and the smallest to housing.ound the There are some important conclusions to be drawn from these figures and facts. mitted. The construction sector in the various countries is of far greater economic importance than is generally ad20 figures The construction sector covers a wide variety of activities which requires skilled labour and specialists on the one hand, but which also gives employment to a considerable number of less qualified staff. Although most construction work consists of producing new buildings, a sizeable and increasing amount of repair and maintenance work is also done. The construction of housing, which is what the man in the street tends to associate construction activities with, only represents one third of all construction in the highly developed industrialised countries of the world. The construction industry was, of course, affected by the general economic situation between 1969 and 1972. Since an economic recession often leads to and depends on a drop in the investment rate, the employees in the building sector are soon affected. Industrial firms and other companies tend to postpone their definite or planned building projects, or else they feel that they should watch developments carefully before deciding on any new investments. Since national and local authorities also usually behave in this way, the drop in investments is sometimes very sharp. Fortunately the increased rate of unemployment between 1969 and 1972 was not caused mainly by a de100 111 pression and a subsequent reduction in the level of activities. The following table will show that most countries ert managed to keep their production going. abortom hoitobl Increase in the GNP from 1969-1971( with forecasts for 1972) in percent: USA 1969 2.8 1970 <-0.7 1971 3.0 1972 5.0 Western Europe 5.9 4.9 3.3 3.5 Ithou Sources: OECD, EEC, national statistics. Gross fixed investments, about half of which( the situation varying from country to country) represented construction activities, developed as follows for the same period: Increase in the volume of gross fixed investments between 1969-1971( with forecasts for 1972) in percent: USA 5.4 1969 1970 - - 3.2 1971 1972 5.5 3.0 Western Europe 8.0 6.9 Ster nq bas stellas 915 2016 approxs won sri ti 902 ong s/ t to sbsm ad os al seu Hut 162 1.9 bhow to moansxs 2.4 Sources: OECD, EEC, national statistics. STOF Whereas the recession hit the USA in 1969 and grew more serious during 1970 so that there was a reduction in the rate of gross fixed investments, the recession came to Western Europe one year later. In Western Europe, however, the general economic situation was kept on a higher level during this time although forecasts for 1972 seem to indicate that the USA will see greater economic activities than Western Europe. It is obvious that housing construction has played an important part in stemming the recession and in limiting its serious economic effects. During the first quarter of 1971, the number of construction starts in the USA was a good 45 percent higher than it had been for the corresponding period the year before. One of the consequences of this state of affairs was an increase in housing investments for 1971 of approximately 30 percent. The main cause for this increase is probably to be found on the credit market, where there was more scope for construction activities at the same time s as the interest rate for long- term loans dropped.oizzimmo simonoo3 VIU sit to esamitas art of pribrocoA In Great Britain too, a liberalisation on the credit market in 1971 contributed to changing the situation on the construction market. Whereas housing investments had dropped in 1970, they increased by 9 percent in 1971. During the first half of 1971, there was also an increase in the number of permits granted for construction- starts in West Germany. In France, housing investments were only slightly above the average level in 1970, whereas gross fixed investments went up quite considerably, by 5 percent. Italy, and particularly the building industry, were seriously affected by the recession and this in spite of the help given by the government in this sector. The Nordic countries on the whole managed to maintain housing investments at a high level during this period. The following table shows the trend in building production for 1969 and 1970. ict Number of dwellings completed per thousand inhabitants: bridz Country 1969 1970 West Germany 8.2 7.8 tion of France 8.7 9.2 por 300 million do Italy oda 5.5 299 rigid 27.0 Great Britain 6.9 2201 to 19dmun sic6.6 Netherlands of remyor go up to the 9.6 9.1 taom diguori: A Switzerland 9.5 10.5 een Austria 6.6 6.1 of firms Denmark 10.1 10.3 wFinland 8.6 10.6 sin Norway 8.6 9.4 to Sweden 13.7 13.6 USA 7.1 7.0 ben Sources: UN, Annual Bulletin of Housing and Building Statistics.for Europe. The measures introduced in 1970 and 1971 will have increased the number of dwellings completed in many countries. It can therefore be said that housing production has satisfied two essential social demands; it has contributed to a stabilisation of the general, economic situation and it has helped to remedy the housing shortage 112 which in many countries is positively acute. There is a lack of reliable information on housing construction in developing countries. One thing, however, is clear, namely that it does not by any means satisfy the need for homes and dwellings. At the end of the fifties, already, UN estimates said that 20-25 million new dwellings every year would be needed. A supply of housing on this scale would, to some extent, meet the needs of all the millions of young men and women who leave the overpopulated impoverished rural areas for the towns. ploy In the developing countries today, the production rate corresponds to a mere two or three dwellings per thousand inhabitants, a figure to be compared to the much higher ones given for the Western world( cf. table above). The countries of Latin America are heading towards an organised construction market and they hope to be able to step up production in the not too distant future. The prospects are far less favourable for the developing countries of Africa and Asia. The housing sector in the rich countries of the world today has to face up to difficulties which differ from those which they had to deal with in the decades following the second World War. Because of the shortage of capital and the high interest rates, dwellings in new houses have become so expensive that ordinary families often cannot afford them. The rising costs are also a result of the high price of land and, if the building in question is a new one which fits into a slum- clearance project, of costly changes in urban and trafic planning. Although work productivity in the building industry has increased considerably, it has only managed to offset rising costs in a few limited cases. To some extent the rising prices are also accounted for by the improved standard of apartments, this includes the size and equipment as well as the various forms of joint facilities such as parking spaces, playgrounds and leisure- time facilities and premises set aside for civic activities. In many countries, the increase in the cost of new dwellings has led to the introduction of social measures aimed, above all, at reducing the rents for low income- bracket families with children. This may be the beginning of something lasting, namely an integration between housing policies on the one hand, and social, urbanisation and environment policies on the other. This would mean that housing would no longer be a saleable commodity, but would become a social necessity which is distributed in terms of the individual housing needs of persons or families. srit The period 1969-1972 was also a time of great change from the point of view of housing policies. The increase in the production of dwellings creates marketing problems which call for new solutions. The building workers' future employment situation will, to a great extent, depend on these solutions. The main point is whether these solutions should continue to promote a higher rate of housing construction or whether they should limit it to a market sphere which leaves no room for technological progress or rationalisation. If the latter occurs, we shall soon run the risk of underemployment and lasting unemployment for large categories of building workers in the future. Most Timber and wood industry production ino 2.6 516 Forestry produce as a raw material have undergone rapid and far- reaching changes over the past few decades. The main tendency has been to further process the natural timber to produce the high- quality goods needed for a modern construction and marketing purposes. The production and consumption of various kinds of wood panelling( plywood, wood slat boards, particle boards and wood fibreboards) has therefore expanded beyond all expectations. A series of new products have emerged in the field of paper and board, several of which are plastic- faced and have found their way to new markets. The use of natural timber is likely to be somewhat limited in the future, except in cases where it is adapted and used for specific purposes in, for instance, the building and furniture industries. The forestry produce consumption has continued to increase and the following table gives the 1970 figures for some parts of Europe and the Soviet Union: boow to mo Per capita consumption of forestry produce ( Raw material in the form of wood expressed in cu.m.) hotsm bnemeb srT 2129 pie Europe EEC Northern Soviet Union .bl Europe 1949-1951 1959-1961 0.43 0.41 1.08 0.90 0,53 0.57 1.26 1.16 1970 0.66 0.72 1.56 1.11 vino sdt 916 27 gnied Source: The European Economy from the 1950s to the 1970s, ECE, 1972. are Despite the considerable rate of increase in the use of forestry produce, the growth percentage was lower than that for the economy as a whole. This means that timber both as a raw material and as a finished product has become less important in relation to the overall economic development. This is not very worrying as far as Europe is concerned, since the supply of raw materials is limited and the demand is constantly growing. This tendency can 113 be observed throughout the world. Timber as a raw material is a commodity for which it is easy to predict a limit. Siberia possesses one quarter of the world's timber resources and will be Europe's supplier of raw material in the future. Japan also covets the Siberian timber supplies it should be mentioned that the Soviet Union exported 30.3 mill. cu.m. of forestry produce in 1970, one third of which was destined for countries outside Europe. Europe is becoming increasingly dependent on the Soviet Union and the United States for its raw materials. Africa is also becoming a potential future market, and Europe is already importing a fairly considerable amount of forestry produce from this part of the world. brogea a noisoubang sritysbor ashanus gigolova orb nil The predicted increase in the demand for forestry produce must not, however be allowed to mask some wort structural problems which are of paramount importance for the industry today. One of these problems concerns the sawmill industry in a number of countries. This industry tends to be run along old- fashioned lines and consist of small, irrational units which have a hard time competing against larger plants with modern industrial equipment and the capacity to meet the consumers' wishes down to the smallest detail. Since there is going to be even greater competition for raw material in the form of wood, industries like the traditional sawmill branch which do not produce highly processed goods are going to find it difficult to keep up. A lot of work should therefore be put into produce development and marketing, standardisation and quality control as well as better transport conditions for delivery. In the long run, the demand for forestry produce is expected to increase throughout the world. One cubic metre of raw material in the form of wood per person is not considered to be an exaggerated estimate- how is this demand ever to be met? bisb FAO and ECE experts think that it will be possible to do so by means of concerted action. The use of tim- ni ber for heating purposes will soon be considered to be uneconomic both for households and for industry. Investigations have proved that most of the wooded countries underestimated their resources, there are bound to be better and more economic ways of using them. In a number of countries, the closing down of agricultural areas in woodlands meant that more soil was freed for effective silviculture. It must also be remembered that forestry produce can be used several times over; paper and paper shavings can, for instance be used as raw material for lowquality wood products, eg for wrapping and packaging material. ing it The experts are, in other words, less worried about supplies than they are about the cost of producing the necessary raw material. Some countries in the tropics may well find themselves in a position to provide forestry produce along cheaper and more effective lines than is the case in Europe, especially in mountainous areas. A great deal will depend on the plant improvement work which is only in the early stages as far as tropical species of tree for industrial purposes are concerned. We must also remember that many of the developing countries have considerable forest resources that are only waiting to be used. The Philippines are a typical example of a country of this kind. uning According to FAO experts, the annual 12 million cu.m. forestry output in the Philippines could be increased by applying the right methods of silvicultural treatment. The forest industry is of great importance to the country's economy, it accounts for 250 million dollars in export earnings and provides jobs for almost one million persons. The greatest threat to the forests of the Philippines comes from ignorant farmers who damage the forest by reckless cutting. Over the past twenty- five years, the country's forest resources have diminished by 40 percent, but only one sixth of this percentage was used for commercial purposes- most of it was wrecked in forest fires mil and by farmers clearing and burning- over land for crops. Not enough attention is devoted to afforestation. Everyt year, the clearing and burning- over of land for crops destroys 100,000 hectares of timber ready for felling, this bns corresponds to a potential export earnings of approximately 100 million dollars. If the forest resources of the Philippines were managed in a rational manner, they could provide employment for a further 500,000 persons. Lasi The situation is the same in many of the developing countries. There is no doubt that in areas in which the climatic conditions allow for the cultivation of economic species of tree, unused land will, in the future be planted with forests. The demand for raw material in the form of wood is expected to be so great in the years to come that afforestation will be profitable both from an economic and environmental point of view. Ishereen wea Technological progress is also expected to help the developing countries build up a forest industry of their own. The use of waste from the sugar- cane industry is one possibility which is still being investigated by scientists. Another alternative is to use rubber trees as a primary product for the production of paper and pulp. There should, in fact, be quite some scope for producing raw material of this kind in the developing countries. What one needs is a species of tree which is suited to the climate and organised and persistent demand. Frequently the various governments are the only ones to have the necessary resources and organisation to embark upon any comprehensive or lengthy projects, and examples from Israel, Algeria, Iran and the Philippines show that extensive use is being made of these possibilities. Dynamic forces on the labour market 114 The rapid rate of urbanisation is a sign of our times both in the highly developed industrialised countries and in the developing ones. We are, in fact, at present witnessing the greatest mass migration in history. This migration has two aspects, the first one being a population movement between nations and across national frontiers drawing labour from countries with underemployment and unemployment to countries with a high expansion ca- d pacity. The pattern of this migration could be seen particularly clearly in Western Europe after the war, when istor people streamed from the South of Europe to the highly industrialised central parts. The emigrant population in Europe can be estimated at approximately eight million persons. The second form of migration consists of unemployed rural workers going to look for work and a living in the urban economy. During the years after the war, zub this form of migration reached hitherto unknown dimensions. In many countries the number of people actively engaged in agriculture has been going down by five percent every year for quite some time now. volo Both forms of migration result in a rapid growth of the urban population and an unprecedented rate of ex- nl pansion of urban districts. These figures show the speed and extent of this development.anoo oldstabs om bris -bliu Number of people living in urban areas( with 20,000 inhabitants and more) epot andut bris aaqiq not oitasiq 1960-1968, millions: -nevea ertz ni susimut isnoitibe or to heq si svo 1960 1980 eqserio emooed lliw susimut olszalq bna je Developed industrialised countries anbam 450oq vive afd661 Developing countries noyed bnstxs of pnibne 310 zubni gnibl693 Tud Source: Urbanisation- Development, Policies and Planning, UN 1968. noitountanco bns pal boo Increase lliw oitas 19 +47 percent imut evig bns ono+ 123 percent 1st A yaubni pribliud erT 910m bns sverb Forecasts seem to indicate that the urban population in the poorer countries is growing far more rapidly wo than it is in the rich countries. This means that by 1980, the poor countries are expected to have a larger urban population than the rich ones, and yet the world will still be dominated by rural areas three quarters of the world population will be living on the land. Although forecasts for the years after 1980 are virtually no more than an exercise in mathematics, they nevertheless show very clearly that the rural exodus is going to continue increasing at great speed. A quantitative assessment gives the following results: People living in urban areas, 1980-2000, millions -boow bns pribliud repnoms sapnis 1980 yart as nispe Instxs ns Developed industrialised countries bad of bet 661 Developing countries 693 ber anidmoo- bleft isionemmco srf 2000 bns how Increase erit A mmco sri ni noits1900 soit how on al noite 901 erfTaboob+ 37 percentavo snob ever 1,436 +107 percent 910 HT beall The urban population is, in other words, expected to double in the course of the few decades left before the end of the century. This will, at any rate, be the case in the developing countries. Most of this emigration will, of course, be headed towards large towns with a population of more than 2.5 million, because they have the biggest expansion capacity today and are likely to continue having it. By 1980, 516 million persons are expected to live in towns of this size and 165 million of these will be living in developing countries. One of the characteristics of developing countries today is that their large towns expand at an unbelievable rate. This rapid urbanisation is a result of the increased effectiveness of the agricultural sector which has led to a considerable amount of labour being released. These people move into the towns which, by merely existing, provide a great number of jobs. Construction workers and urban planners have the least to worry about with regard to unemployment and lack of work. noitsoube ed Another sign of our times is the rapid progress of science and technology and the way in which knowledge is quickly converted into new goods and products or new systems of production management and organisation. People in the building industry have most certainly witnessed the advent of modern technology on the building site. anco prizori sessioni bns stelumite or bhow art suoriquod nest gried one sovitsiini to zainz A In most countries there seems to be a tendency towards company concentrations and the formation of large production units at the same time as a whole series of small, specialised companies appear to be emerging to perform specific operations which form part of a large building project. Structural changes imply that the building industry is turning increasingly towards capital- intensive working methods. More efficient tools, means of transport, hoists, cranes, excavators etc. have totally changed the aspect of the building site in the course of a couple of decades only. The introduction of new materials and building elements which are prefabricated in special factories either on the building site or elsewhere, have greatly contributed to the changing situation. nuo nam ni art At the same time new business management techniques have developed. Flow charts and systems analysesni are the fashionable expressions within modern building production, at any rate in the case of large- scale projects. These larger projects also seem to lend themselves better to modern building technology which explains why urban constructions often entail whole areas of town being built and slum- clearance projects frequently consist of the demolition of entire old housing blocks to make room for new ones. 115 Modern technology has brought the building industry a number of advantages such as higher wages, shorter working hours and improved social conditions, but the changes are so great that any comparison between the t building workers of today and yesterday would be unrealistic. Modern technology is in the process of creating a totally new type of building worker who is different from the traditional craftsman. He could be described as a construction assembly worker. New building materials are being produced at a speed of which only the highly advanced petrochemical industry is capable. Plastic materials are being brought onto the building sites to an increasing extent and this seems to be only the beginning of a revolutionary trend. It could be called the victory of the petrochemical industry over the building site and it implies that the traditional stone, cement, brick, wood etc. building materials are being wholly or partially replaced by the use of plastic in combination with the traditional materials but in simpler and more adaptable construction forms. Plastic has already moved into the field of paper and board and the use of plastic for pipes and tubes together with metal and iron has proved to have new and valuable advantages for building and construction purposes. Plastic will, in all likelihood, take over a large part of the traditional furniture making industry in the seventies. A break- through is expected in a few years time on the US market, and plastic furniture will become cheaper and give furniture designers and interior architects every possible means of dreaming up new creations. sve As far as markets are concerned, the building industry is tending to extend beyond national frontiers more and more. The building industry is still to be considered a typical home market industry in most countries, but there are several indications to to show that things are changing. Building materials and semi- fabricated goods are flowing across national frontiers and are playing an increasingly important role in the trade turnover. This is also true for heavy building elements which are produced in special factories. Contractors tend increasingly to work abroad with their own staff, especially if they specialise in things like steel construction, facing and concreting. This tendency towards an internationalisation of the building trade will obviously continue to grow at the same rate as the widening cooperation we hope for between countries in the various market blocks. The enlargement of the Common Market will have this effect in Western Europe. gniwollo All the factors which have been mentioned- the rapid progress of modern technology and a wider international cooperation in the commercial field- combine to cause far- reaching changes amongst building and woodworkers in the future. Their work and working conditions are likely to change to as great an extent again as they have done over the past two decades. The situation is not expected to become more stable. 30 A gre The same problem will, to a great extent, arise in developing countries, but the issue will become even more complicated when their old- fashioned technological methods come up against the economies of the industrialised countries. as There is the particular danger of a clash between capital- intensive and labour- intensive techniques. The building industry and urban construction are two of the most important instruments which the developing countries have at their disposal to create job opportunities and better social conditions. Housing construction provides many jobs, and so do roads, streets, drains, water- pipes, electric light and telephones. All these are the necessities of an urban community, what we now need is capital, organisation and initiative. Which form of technology should the developing countries choose? Capital- intensive or labour- intensive? The answer is: both. Capital- intensive activities will be needed if companies are to compete on the world market, and it will also be needed to ensure that the developing countries do not lag behind the industrialised ones in the field of education. The building industry offers excellent possibilities for labour- intensive activities. This form of work will be necessary in cases where the import of expensive mechanical equipment clashes with the vital import necessities of the developing countries, i.e. with regard to health and educational priority areas. A series of initiatives are being taken throughout the world to stimulate and increase housing construction in developing countries. Many countries in Latin America have set up special banks which are intended to help people with average incomes acquire a home of their own. The UN aid programme and bilateral assistance schemes devote more and more attention to housing construction. Architects and contractors are asked to produce buildings while making use of domestic building material and respecting national building styles and traditions. Experi- id, mental houses and demonstration houses are built for both rural and urban areas. National budgetary resources orlis are often set aside for the building of housing banks or for the starting of cooperative building societies. In many countries, the possibility of launching a productive and expanding building material industry is being investigated. Frequently the capacity of national forests is overlooked and yet very modest investments in the form of improved communications could lead to a profitable use of raw material and of sand and clay.a The efforts devoted to promoting construction activities are modest compared to what is actually needed, especially in the field of housing. If the developing countries manage to solve the housing problem and further a 116 reasonable development of urban areas, they will have made use of their greatest potential chance of overcoming their unemployment problems. The main question in the future will be whether they make use of this chance in such a way as to consolidate their own economic and social progress. Nils Kellgren THE INTERNATIONALS AND THE FUTURE 117 and flow tion: wor have All the factors wh worki two decades. The situ proved Igganu ied arlous seems cheeper frontiers more but ted goods are This is also arge The same problem will, complicated when their old- fas ned technolo countries. There is the particular danger of a cla labour intensive techniques more sed ost important instruments which the devel better social conditions. Hou oping tion provides the nec The and A In 118 In hore and for labour light and on and initia Ca form of Incomes acquire a out the world to stimula America have and increase of their own. The banks which are intended to help amme and bilateral assistance Schemes attention to housing construction, Architects and contractors are asked to produce buildse of domestic building material and respecting national building sty and to tion houses are built for both rural and urban areas. allding of housing banks or for the star of coope ons. Experi to pro ield of housing. If the developing countries manage to solve the needed, and further The Internationals and the future all its author What is the rea Although the UN also had tion, it nevertheless seemed, world affairs. At the ed by va rtain degree ous problems. Sa the ation is deny this fact. What exactly happen It is extremely difficult to that there is no point in to take the THE ally wasting INTERNATIONALS The ILO and the ICFTU seer AND ber THE FUTURE hink The growth of tional organisations Many of us tend to thi case and we would probably be making a fixal mistake Both trade union leaders and, in interests of the group and the nation. There tional awar ed to cherish this illusion. tional interests and a from national solidarity. At the World of the ey towards identification the fundamental pri les of nternational which took place years, the various leader home. There were certainly not national interest, international so has beco This is a serious state of affairs. and local sovereignty which first and for find himse upo the struggle We must not, however able pressure from the people they each in his own way, material happiness in selv vicious circle, in The standard does have to be solved the problems of distribution. dou out that. The This aspect is going to have to One of the most urgent ers at present is to help the possibility of living ecure lives as their brothers in the richer countr not the are subject to conside from having the world are The most important task for the international labour movement both today and tom tions to these problems. If we fail in this duty and in our responsibility, we shall have made a great will have extremely serious consequences. There is no reason to make this mistake. to find soluwhich mor Whereas the international organisations are made to live on very meagre resource for able purposes such as military expenditure. It would be heartening to mili see the thrift campaign which is applied to inte this asking too much? sums of extended to cover The labour movements' in one could form a tremendous element of power. This is not 119 ант ГЛАЙОІТАЙНЯТИХ ТИА HUTU HT 120 The Internationals and the future bluoy doidy muzol a step of all 888899 Inshoqminu vipiese has also played import ovom opiny not exiteitini oviaja bhow sit ni no 2900 15dw 992 ublic opin ever lliw yo edT The tra -bee noinu bet Isnoiten arit berned of eve bns quo We have over the past few years been witnessing a crisis in the international organisations. The UN has lost all its authority, the ILO is still in a serious crisis and the ICFTU seemed for some time to be gradually wasting away. What is the reason for all this? The situation was totally different only ten years ago. 103 Although the UN also had to tackle difficult problems when Dag Hammerskjöld was head of the organisation, it nevertheless seemed, at the time, to have a certain amount of power and to form a dynamic element in world affairs. At the beginning of the sixties, the ICFTU with Arne Geijer as president was also fairly important and had a certain degree of authority. The ILO and the ICFTU seem now to be recovering but they are still troubled by various problems. nellen So today the situation is completely different from what it was ten years ago. There is no point in trying to deny this fact. What exactly happened? It is extremely difficult to analyse this state of affairs. So difficult, in fact, that most people tend to think that there is no point in doing anything about it. It is this attitude that makes the situation so serious; no one is prepared to take the time or trouble to discuss the problems underlying the rapid disintegration of the international organisations. If these problems were thoroughly debated, we could perhaps prevent their total collapse. The growth of nationalism in the world is, of course, a major reason for the difficulties facing the international organisations. bate Many of us tend to think that we are living in a world of increasing international awareness. This is not the case and we would probably be making a fatal mistake if we continued to cherish this illusion. Both trade union leaders and, in particular, politicians consider it more important than ever to promote the interests of the group and the nation. There is a growing tendency towards identification with short- sighted national interests and a gradual disassociation from one of the fundamental principles of democratic socialism, international solidarity. At the World Congress of the Socialist International which took place in Vienna in June this years, the various leaders of Socialist parties spoke everyone his own peace of mind based upon his situation back home. There were certainly not much of big visions. This is a serious state of affairs. Compared to questions of national interest, international solidarity has become an abstract and unimportant matter. Any politician or trade union leader who was bold enough to fight first and foremost for international justice and equality and the loss of local sovereignty which this entails, would find himself beaten before long. This is the reason why noone embarks upon such a hazardous venture. The international aspect looks very good in eloquent speeches on solidarity in the struggle against hardship and misery. But that is, of course, as far as it goes. We must not, however, blame it all on the politicians and trade union leaders who are subject to considerable pressure from the people they represent. We are living in the age of materialism which drives us to pursue, each in his own way, material happiness in the form of higher material standards. We who live in the industrialised countries are caught in a vicious circle, in a rat- race for material standards, and we find it very difficult to free ourselves. conc. avorThe standard does have to be raised, there is no doubt about that. The point is that we are far from having solved the problems of distribution. This aspect is going to have to be reconsidered if we are to avoid a full- scale catastrophe. One of the most urgent matters at present is to help see to it that the poorer peoples of the world are given bewolle the possibility of living the same secure lives as their brothers in the richer countries. SW The most important task for the international labour movement both today and tomorrow is to find solutions to these problems. If we fail in this duty and in our responsibility, we shall have made a great mistake which will have extremely serious consequences. There is no reason to make this mistake. Whereas the international organisations are made to live on very meagre resources, considerable sums of money are set aside for other, more questionable purposes such as military expenditure. It would be heartening to see the thrift campaign which is applied to international organisations extended to cover military costs as well. Is this asking too much? be The labour movements' international organisations could form a tremendous element of power. This is not 121 the case, but it is by no means too late to create a forum which would show the world and capital forces that the workers can and will obtain a decisive influence over the world of tomorrow in which national frontiers will be increasingly unimportant. The national trade union leaders will have to be responsible for giving the international trade union movement of the future its practical form. They will have to lead the way. One cannot expect the decisive initiative for this to come from the membership as a whole. The national leaders are the ones who see what goes on in the world and who maintain contacts across national frontiers. If they lead the way and explain the meaning of internationalism to the masses, the members will follow them and give them the support necessary for any real achievements. Within their international organisations, the ICFTU and the trade secretariats, the national trade union leaders also have to see to the practical organisation and distribution of the tasks that crop up and have to be carried out. It is also up to them to formulate realistic and sensible programmes for action. ati lis We sincerely hope that in the course of 1972 we shall see something like the beginnings of an expanded international activity within the labour movement. amel ib alx A Let us try and attempt to give a more detailed description of these problems and try to indicate some of the concrete tasks with which a great number of people should be able to associate themselves. istts blow Since some of these views are likely to shock a number of persons, it may be as well to stress the fact that they are my own personal ones. It is a small and humble contribution to the debate which must be held on the be subject of the international labour movement and international cooperation within the labour movement. The labour movement is, in fact. so heterogeneous that it would be wrong to speak of a uniform interna- nob tional movement. The international links within the movement are by no means strong and do not tend to resist any greater strain. It is difficult to determine the exact achievements of the labour movement at the international level; they are very meagre compared to the work it has done in the individual nations. In a great number of countries, however, the activities and importance of the labour movement at the national level can hardly be overes- oit timated. In the so- called Western world, we enjoy the right to private property and free enterprise. Within the limits set by democracy and parliamentary government, the trade union movement and social democracy have done a great deal to influence developments in this form of economic life. In this respect, the labour movement made full use of all development potentialities, it was the only element of any importance to have some insight into the process of evolution and to realise what was needed in the way of economic and social planning. The more conservative elements in society have not really come up with anything very constructive; they have, in fact, been conservative. Although a great deal of reluctance was shown, some efforts were made to adapt to new developments and new ideas, if only in order to survive. In some cases the forces of administration have managed fairly well; had they, however, been able to enforce their own wishes, we would have found ourselves in a catastrophic situation, rather like the one in Russia before the Revolution. The labour movement, on the other hand, has always enjoyed a fair amount of importance, even at times when it was not in a position to dictate the course of developments. The forces in power have always had to take its existence into account, in spite of the fact that the nature of the movement varies very considerably from country to country; in Italy and France, for instance, the working methods and organisation of the labour movement are very different from what they are in the Scandinavian countries. Whereas in Scandinavia a great deal of importance is attached to sound organisation and careful preparation, the Mediterranean countries tend to devote less attention to these aspects; they do, however, resort to direct action in the form of strikes and demonstrations. It is impossible to draw a valid comparison between the different means of action since they are only partly comparable. The important thing is not to underestimate any of the alternatives, because there is not one which does not lead to some measure of success. It is difficult to draw any form of comparison at the international level. What, in fact, has the labour movement achieved in the international field? noitudinalb to amaldong srls bevloa In the programme of the labour movement, the importance of striving for international solidarity has always been stressed, and there has never been any difference of opinion on this point. It is an idea which has never been allowed to dwindle, it has always been kept alive although it has, at times, been sorely tried. The Great Wars and international conflicts have pushed the labour movement into the background. Even the so- called cold war between East and West has caused a considerable amount of trouble for the labour movement. It has given rise to extremely heated discussions within the movement and created hostility among persons who were all devoted to its ideals. We have entered upon a field in which opinions have differed very considerably. Com The war in Vietnam is a conflict which has been of great concern to the labour movement throughout the world. For a variety of reasons, however, it has been impossible to adopt a uniform attitude to this conflict, a fact which has left its marks on the movement both at the national and international level. That, however, is a different story. 122 ainT1swoq to nemals auobnements mot bluco anoitsinspio lenoltametni" atnsmevom uodsi enT Jert The international labour movement has, first and foremost, been an important contact organisation. In this capacity it had a great deal of influence, even before it began to tackle any purely practical tasks. The movement has also played an important part in forming public opinion.onsię of over I have often been asked the following question:" How can one possibly carry out trade union activities at the international level? Surely the trade union movement has a very national approach to matters." Both the question and the statement are interesting. There is no doubt that trade union work is national in character. It is full of practical employment problems which are of very limited interest outside national frontiers. The trade union has a busy working day with precious little time to spare for philosophical thought on global matters. The amount of actual trade union work that has been done across national frontiers is, therefore, negligible. The activities of the trade union movement at various international conferences, in particular at the ILO, have, on the other hand, been of considerable importance. Without the help of the ICFTU and the trade secretariats acting as co- ordinating body, it would never have been possible to achieve such a great deal in this field. As it is, this joint action by the trade union movement has inspired respect and led to concrete results. The really great possibilities and tasks which the future holds in store for the international labour movement are, however, situated at the purely practical and professional level. We are living in an age fraught with problems and the future looks none too bright. Although the theory of an imminent catastrophe is not unfounded, there is one encouraging observation to be made. National frontiers everywhere are rapidly becoming less and less important. Our gratitude in this respect is not due to the labour movement, nor is it due to politicians of different convictions. National frontiers are being eliminated by the process of economic development. There is a great deal of resistance on the part of people who proclaim the importance of national independence, national culture and such like. There is no doubt that this school of thought, too, is likely to make some temporary progress. In the long run, however, its advocators aregoing to find themselves fighting the famous battle against the windmills; they will be fighting a losing battle. One day, national frontiers will have disappeared completely. There will no longer be any East and West, USA and China as we know them today. The whole world will constitute one single large area for the distribution of goods and services, one single social entity. This is no utopian idea, it is something that will actually happen. It will, of course, take time. As far as mankind is concerned, a difficult period lies ahead. There are many obstacles on the way; the language barrier, tradition, prejudice, disparities in economic development. This, in fact, is where the labour movement has to come in and smooth the way. Although economic development is undoubtedly the driving force behind general development, we must not let it be the only force or we shall be heading straight for chaos. The purpose of economic progress is to provide food for the world's population and to make life on earth bearable. This objective is by no means inherent in economic development from the start, the course of development has to be shaped and guided. This is where the main task of the labour movement lies. The labour movement must teach people to understand this. From the purely practical point of view, a whole series of trade union problems are already arising at the international level. We are gradually becoming aware of the phenomenon of multinational companies. What are multinational companies? They are the elephantiasis of capitalism, a disease, like the Black Death, which completely ignores such futile matters as national frontiers. So far we have probably only witnessed the beginnings of the phenomenon of multinational companies. We have no idea how it is going to end. At any rate, nobody knows how it started. There are, of course, different kinds of large- scale companies. The Soviet Union, for instance, is one single large state- controlled enterprise. The way things are developing at present, we are moving towards gigantic concentrations of capital, production and economic power. This is a matter of immediate concern to the labour movement. It is a vital problem of which every trade union member should be painfully aware. It was perfectly easy to conclude agreements with the patriarchal owner of a glassworks in Smaland, Sweden, but how does one set about dealing with a company which may well be engaged in activities in thirty different countries? It does seem to be rather a daunting prospect. It ought not to be. The trade union movement must face up to its responsibilities in this field too. Economic and political developments in Europe, i.e. a move towards closer integration and a possible significant enlargement of the EEC, are of capital importance for the European trade union movement. Although there are still a number of unknown factors, it can be assumed that national frontiers on the European continent will become increasingly unimportant. This will also apply to relations with the countries of Eastern Europe, and it will apply regardless of the extent to which the EEC is ultimately enlarged. There is no getting away from economic requirements. The trade unions are going to have to extend their activities across the abandoned former national frontiers. This is not something which happens of its own accord. There will have to be some form of co- ordination. The trade union movements' international bodies, organisations like the ICFTU 123 and the trade secretariats, will have to be extended, endowed with the necessary resources to meet this major challenge and given some form of planned action programme. The fact is that we are standing on the threshold of a global economy, and we are going to have to plan our activities accordingly.or boyalq oals zeri The work that has to be done in the developing countries will remain one of the international labour movement's major tasks. It fits into the overall picture I have tried to give you and must form an integral part of our activities. The developing countries are, to a great extent, concerned by economic and technological developments in the world. The fruits of production must be equitably distributed to one and all. The trade union movement is going to play an important role in the development of the third world which has not had time to go through the same, lengthy development process as we have in the Western world. This is why the developing countries need the support and advice of the already existing trade union movement. In this respect, the labour movement bears a great responsibility. I feel that this should be repeated because some people seem to be forgetting it. Under these circumstances, it can well be said that the time has come for some réal missionary work to bring out the importance of international action. Will there be any followers? I think so. In recent years I have had several occasions to discuss these matters with trade- unionists and I was surprised to note that there was widespread favourable response. The trade union members are not, in my opinion, to be blamed for the fact that the international trade union organisations are not receiving all the support they need. To be head of an international labour movement is rather like being a general without troops. One tends to feel powerless. There is so much to be done and yet one is unable to do it all; for lack of financial resources for one thing, but also for lack of many other important elements. There is no close contact between the international organisations and the member organisations. The various activities are not followed up. The national professional publications devote precious little space to international matters. Although there are exceptions to the rule, the national leaders do not tend to be any great internationalists and there are only very few who take an active interest in international work. Very soon, however, there is bound to be an awakening. It will be dictated by necessity. The EEC debate is only the beginning. We are still in the very early stages and are going to have to pull ourselves together and throw a lot of the old national ballast overboard. Negotiating with the international giants will be tricky at first, and they are not likely to make our task any easier. We shall have to work out our strategy on our own. It is not going to be easy to bring about total harmonisation of social security and working and wage conditions. It will take time, but it is a matter which cannot be neglected in the long run. Soon, it will no longer be possible to settle economic problems at the national level only. We are going to have to find solutions without paying heed to former national frontiers. The trade union movement came into being because it was needed to fulfil certain tasks. Now it has got to tackle the international issues. The time has come. tess wod 124 John Löfblad is paiqoloveb ens apniri yow ori seisquesne ballastro- state sisi signia to 16 simonose bas noitoubong stigno to ano bluoria edmem non abs tave ribidw to maidong Istiv to 19nwo isdansindeq ars driw atnemesis abulaning or vase vitosha me importance of si movebasisme ni 2> 10 git.pd Josqedi prinusb sirised of m times never 扣除 qqsd roinw gnirtemos ton ai air signon isnoitan ammo UTROL ert soli enoirezinegno asibod lenoitement anamsvom.noinu aber erT noisnibo- 00 to mot- emos ad AUSTRIA Chalman Membership Man 185,685 7,521 orks Counc SPO departmen 8.081 74.6 percent Collective bargaining developments Workers 1) Co 3.000 600 floor tiling 3.500 painting chimney- sweeps stone- masonry( craft) stone- masonry( industry) saw beds dding 15 AFFILIATES' REPORTS 125 21TANITIA 2THOT ents row AUSTRIA to 50 percent( 60 percent of max verabs batsipoase bas pribliud eritot angsta awal anarujbe espeW 2.8+ Over.A. mort as I sps12 Insert 12 RKSCHAFT met Accident insurance: Curative treatment after accGEWERKSCHAFT protheses, accident Old- age insurance: Men Men- 65 Premature retirement Men- 60 years insuran DER BAU- nolasz gninispred svitoalloo 12938 womeUND soneq A.St+ SFORMDmax of sp612. HOLZARBEITER ELA morts. 20572 ( Building and woodworkers) mayo or drawing of monetary benefits in the course( Building and woodworkers) Insuran( nbmyoqmato nobenime no treme letrini aunod asmarasaunod Isisq?) Disal At 60 mont insurance. anoitibnoo gnishow bns 290W Une Organisation Chairman Qualifying period: 20 08.AS 2 Exer.A. 29pew yhuoH Isutostno 30ART JUS Contributions within the last 12 months: .I vice- chairman 08.rs 2 Exer.A. Unemploy Hans Böck LSS 2 Ster.A./ to as Franz Horr nere sterA.I to as heyellbi18 yisilixus gnibliu8 deputy chairman Labour m 2905w yhuora deputy chairman central secretary Short- tim vice- secretary Ferdinand Fahrnberger Franz Millendorfer Alois Seebacher sziwierto 19> how bellies to Allocation emergen supoisto erit of pRoman Rautner 081 of in dies Dishabnu erit mont nem of betslimizes au mat a saund qɔibnsH bsidies for additional costs abriels 19q ye treasurer asgow yhwort 2'10> Georg Weitmann eq 2T: eonswolls pnigbol- ri educational department Reinhold Ludwig leews auor SA tauon gnihoW women's department, how pribl -V@ tolavabd Fort, 219how grib Victoria Magor no wel art of gribioA aysbiloH Hans Albrechten 906w yor asaunod noises youth department show enibliu enibliud Membership on 1 January 1972: bnut airt to tuo 219> how art of bisq 916 Isus Menaepswwomen totalnels artt gniub ba> how or SA 19 eepsw and 2.8: zunod asmuzhd 193,206 1+ 1.3 pe finemen 02- 2906w (+-19.9 130,392 wuoras. of pitoms titered azen loi2 nebisos bns zondo12 8 to boinsq mumixsm s not attened 2290 ( Total 100 percent) KPÖ 185,685 7,521 -> ola of which IFBWW: Elected works Councils: 10,833 SPÖ ÖVP 8,081 6.335 47 74.6 percent Sawmills: 3.1 percent 0.4 percent Party unknown veq axeow 8 i9 to 2169y dS 61 2,309 w had not not sansqmo 21.3 percent 0.6 percent YATZUOMI DM1223 089-000W S .er 2 Exer.a: 10 as noitibbs Collective bargaining developments pudsise one ribintzido benepisatz019b9iMannsiV 107 19gow vhod Isusuno Workers in active employment- Summer 19711) Collective agreements: Building tradesmolia or to aujbe s nitiw 1150,000 alioimob mont vows pnishow not auno8 building auxiliaries incl. fountain- makers carpentry 0s.0% 2 ster.a.1 to 26 19> how belli ; a.sr 2 sver.2.1 to 26 19> how bellicanU roofing 8,000 6,000 3,000 ritised ni siq.TA) auibs1 mx- 0 ( excludi stone- workers): En pavings evitostios of gnibrocos; noitsov 21> how no New s arworf SA auor gnishow 600 if of pnibrooss: ysq noiteosv bns noitesV pottery, floor tiling smelvisvisa- xs boldszib- 18w 910m 14,000 19q 02 not noitsosy' aysb pnixhow s1x9 glassworks 124,100 painting 129.219 chimney- sweeps 8,570 stone- masonry( craft) 2. stone- masonry( industry) 3,500 193,86qxlow& 185,8q axlesw 11,000 A 189.336 ( of yaq' exsew& soivise to say at or qU: aunod nosos ' ansey at nart 910M 1,500 79 foreign ers) 4,000 bu art ni 2160@ of qu taurod zemtand 6,000 ni ensay a mort 61 torrent and avalanche control gal to nuoms bns 2908 2,500 sawed consettia M sawmills wood- processing industry wood- processing crafts upholstery beds and bedding 1870 1971 14,251 63.828 62.995 15,000 23,000 2906w axs Topsw Tales 22,400 nebioos bne zasnoloi aleew 8 to bohsq mumixsm 192 to 2189 OS 1911A de to ends 191A's): 92 7,957 2,600 900 12,143 17,717 NAJ YTIR ( stste arit bhs 19 how 112 ЗАЯВИЗО eyolome: yd besvoo 21200) Σ 1) According to the law on collective agreements, non- members are also governed by collective agreements. 1. 916 leneb bns pniatunonioibem Law on working hours: Weekly working hours: reduced from 45 hours to 43 as of Janua urs to 43 as of Jaquary 1970; 42- hour 125 Penultimate collective bargaining session: Wages adjustments in two stages for the building and associated trades Stage I as from 1.4.1970+ 8.5 percent Stage II as from 1.4.1971+ 7.0 percent Latest collective bargaining session: I -UA 30 Stage as from 1.4.1972+ 12.4 percent GMU Stage II as from 1.4.1973+ 10.3 percent JOH Overall improvements.owboow bas priblio8) AIЯTRUA ( Special bonuses, Christmas bonus, initial settlement on termination of employment) Wages and working conditions BUILDING TRADE: Contractual Hourly wages 1. Bricklayer Building auxiliary as of 1.4.1972 S 22.50; as of 1.4.1973 S 24.80 as of 1.4.1972 S 19.30; as of 1.4.1973 S 21.30 noiteaineg O nermisdo Handicap bonus: 5 percent to 130 percent, according to the catalogue. nsmisi yuqeb Severance pay per calendar day: Workers dismissed from the undertaking: 225 percent of the hourly wages of a skilled worker otherwise for married or status assimilated to married workers 150 percent. Night- lodging allowance: 75 percent of a skilled worker's hourly wages. Working hours: 42 hours a week. giwbu. Holidays: According to the law on vacation for building workers, the employer has to pay a bonus of 8 KVhourly wages per week into the vacation fund for building workers. Vacation pay and vacation bonuses are paid to the workers out of this fund. Ster unel, no giratedmeM Christmas bonus: 3.5 hours' wages per 42 hours worked during the calendar year( Hourly wages= contractual wages+30 percent). aos.com 1985 888.30 13 Sickness and accident: Sickness benefit amounting to 11.25 hours' wages per week in addition to legal sickness benefits for a maximum period of 8 weeks( accident 10 weeks). Severance pay: 15 years of service 4 weeks' pay AVO 25 years of service 8 weeks' pay. 288 180.8 Compensation for bad weather conditions( law): 60 percent of wage. Isoq 1.C Insons 8.AT 2. WOOD- PROCESSING INDUSTRY: ngoleveb gaining ed evitaalloo Contractual hourly wage: For Vienna, Niederösterreich, Burgenland, Oberösterreich and Salzburg. yolams evitos ni achow Skilled worker as of 1.5.1972 S 20.20; Unskilled worker as of 1.5.1972 S 17.65; evissello as of 1.5.1973 S 22.30 as of 1.5.1973 S 19.50. 3. 126 ud Bonus for working away from domicile: 9.5 percent within a radius of 10 kilometres, 33.4 percent outside 10- km radius( 47.7 percent in health resorts) in addition to hourly wage. Working hours: 42 hours a week. 000,8 000€ onitoon Vacation and vacation pay: according to the law on workers' vacation; according to collective agreement, 3 extra working days' vacation for 50 percent or more war- disabled ex- servicemen.hool, atog 002 8 Vacation bonus: Up to 15 years of service 000, More than 15 years' service Joa.r Christmas bonus: Up to 5 years in the undertaking gniznisq qeows- yenmido ( risto) yinoasm- 9012 ( vitaubni) vinom- anot Sickness and accident: Difference between net wages and amount of legal sickness insurance benefit for a 3 weeks' pay 4 weeks' pay 3 weeks' pay More than 5 years in the undertaking 4 weeks' pay maximum period of 8 weeks. 000,31 00 Severance pay: After 20 years of service After 25 years of service 2 weeks' wages 4 weeks' wages 008, S 008 GENERAL SOCIAL SECURITY LAW: ellimwsz boow arte grilezsoon- boow aloriqu pnibbed bns.abad ( Costs covered by: employer, worker and the State) Sickness insurance: In principle, treatment is for the most part free of charge, including hospital treatment, medicine, nursing and dental care. Yet Sickness benefit: amounting to 50 percent( 60 percent as from the 43rd day of illness) of basis for calculation, which depends on average earnings, but may not at present exceed S 160.- per day; duration maximum 52 weeks. Ever Accident insurance: Curative treatment after accident, medicine, hospital treatment, occupational welfare, protheses, accident annuity, survivors' insurance, death benefit. - Old- age insurance: Men- 65 years of age, women- 60 years of age; at least 180 months of insurance. Premature retirement: Men- 60 years of age, women- 55 years of age, at least 420 months of insurance or drawing of monetary benefits in the course of the previous 13 months from the unemployment or sickness insurance for a period of 52 weeks. Bos to z> leew 098 harts trismyalame to axew 02 Disablement pension: At least 60 months of insurance. Unemployment insurance: Unemployment benefit: Qualifying period: 20 weekly contributions within the last 12 months; 52 weekly contributions before the first claim. Unemployment relief: in case of emergency after exhausting unemployment benefit. pnin OV Labour market promotion: subsidies- e.g. promotion of productive jobs; subsidies for additional costs in winter in the building trade. Short- time work compensation -Isuzu Allocation during leave of absence: for maternity. JA Major developments in the industry proic, social, health to latos 8 to 100 oncerning the brates ses y! ninis pnibisod ynsqm vatni bns alooda Isnoitstov Insbrist Diables to vizini ManT imo esibude yenimile Jon seob pnixshabitu ns 1 1969 Gross Production figures( provisional figures at current prices) 1.ris Building trade: 8 orivbA oninis T lanoitsoo Volt arts to 1970 44,669 Mill. Shillings(+ 1.3 percent) 53,574 Mill. Shillings(+ 19.9 percent) (+22.2 percent) gnir 1971 265,467 Mill. Shillings 2. Wood- processing industry: 1969 5,812 Mill. Shillings 3. 1970 1971 Sawmills: 6,970 Mill. Shillings 8,301 Mill. Shillings 1969 1970 frer. 1971 5,972 Mill. Shillings 7,489 Mill. Shillings 7,983 Mill. Shillings Situation on the labour market to sized sri no- nois boasd ed reum giniens asoltaqge ni solist llow as assyolma bne show to abso8 on gninis of (+ 12.3 percent) dan guy to edmun art, egtas ns no (+19.9 percent) (+ 19.1 percent) 008, obat pnibliud nisM abs batsibozes bns visilixus pnibliud abs gniau bas prizasoonq- boow (+ 16.5 percent) i noinu abast leans to enoitesup gnili mmo (+ 25.4 percent) (+ 6.0 percent) 920 ar to andmem Building workers( excluding stone- workers): lle sot sonsuani yihabilo ( qirla Kaidangdimern artset medi to emit primub tnebicoA riteab to 9260 ni atitenes : namoldeaib lato nemeldszib leitisq Workers employed in Austria boineq of gnibrosos) 000,21 2 or 000,8 2 1. 000,248 of 000, AS 2 to sengeb of gnibrocos January 1969 124,100 1970 129,219 1971 138,570 2. 1969 63,472 1970 61,545 1971 61,989 July 193,864 185,859 189,336 febloos ns its sool noiseileriqeoH ellstigaori ysbrir to ysb di orbs of rite si mont) yeb 19q- 02 ot muz qmul-.000,1 2 201wo nolsudisto ( of which 32,979 foreign workers) Woodworkers( crafts and industry including sawmills): 65,555( Ter visunal rets besite) nolanaq bns andmem svissA 63,828 62,995 Austrian building workers employed in the Federal Republic of Germany( migrants): 1969 1970 1971 6,466 8,811 7,957 12,143 14,251 17,717 airit lar qidenedmem to annoy of phibio em to assay of pnibrocos 000,$ 2 of 00A, 2 Ster.[ oted beniten) zinoins ST ( of which 5,092 foreign workers) omab simonop3 nasibod bns anoit lionuo lanoits( s lionuo Isabel( d S Labour legislation 1. anamsinq minivo19( 210 how to absol( b asithoritus ythups2 Isloo2( Law on working hours: Weekly working hours: reduced from 45 hours to 43 as of January 1970; 42- hour 127 2. the week as of January 1972 and 40- hour week as of January 1975( without any cuts in wages). Overtime pay 50 percent as of January 1972. Law on workers' vacations and collective agreement on the introduction of a minimum of three weeks' vacation- present situation: 100A 20- M 190n6uani sps- blo Less than 15 years of service 18 working days' vacation more than 15 years of service 24 working days' vacation to assay 20 more than 25 years of service 30 working days' vacation 08 noM 3. Law on vacation for building workers( present situation): After 46 weeks of employment( qualifying period for vacations) after 690 weeks of employment after 1,150 weeks of employment meniten sutem919 619nom to gniweb.no 18 working days' vacation Inom 0824 working days' vacationi 30 working days' vacation The Federal Law of 13 July 1971 introduced further improvements concerning the Law on workers' vacations and the Law on vacation for building workers; these improvements will come into effect on 1 January 1973. Vocational training smyolqmonU Vocational training to become a skilled worker is provided for under the terms of the Law on Vocational Training. Out of a total of 303 taught professions, 87 are covered by our sectors of organisation. low Apprentice training is mainly provided in the smaller craft undertakings. The term of apprenticeship is usually three years, and remuneration during this period is staggered according to the time spent in apprenticeship. Attendant vocational schools and intercompany boarding training institutes supplement the master's training. - The Ministry of Trade, Commerce and Industry issues professional requirements for each teaching profession on the basis of preliminary studies carried out by the Vocational Training Advisory Board- on which the training must be based. If an undertaking does not meet these requirements, it may be deprived of the right to take in apprentices. ( theone e.er+) eet+) apnillin2M 2.82 over The Boards of Workers and Employees as well as the trade unions have a legal say in all matters pertaining to training. yzubni gnizes- boo On an average, the number of young persons trained in a period of 3 years is: Main building trade building auxiliary and associated trades wood- processing and using trades 5,800 5,200 +) agnillin apnillin2 nillin2 $ 18.8 M ore, a M 108,8 oter rxer 7,500 callimws2 E Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest berdan doalbe Read Sal eaer over 1. Solidarity insurance for all members of the Osterreichischen Gewerkschaftsbund from 1.1.1972( at least three years membership) 2. 128 tual Accident during time off: Benefits in case of death total disablement: ourly S 8,000 to$ 15,000( according to period of membership) me zho S 24,000 to S 45,000 :( 219x according to degree of injury. partial disablement: Hospitalisation fees after an accident: S 40.- per day( from the 8th to the 77th day of hospitalisation) snora gnibuloxs) 281 S 1,000.- lump sum for pensioners after a minimum of 3 weeks in hospital. show ngre Contribution towards funeral expenses: Active members and pensioners( retired after 31 January 1971): roidw to) ow poibliu8 ent. 3 001.AST ers, est 012,88 over rver bni bos aristo) S e381 for a ser aee.sa S 1,400 to S 2,000 according to years of membership, half this amount for member's dependants. Pensioners( retired before 1.1.1972) S 1,200.- rich Economic democracy and planning: Our trade union or its officials are represented in the following institutions and bodies( this is not an exhaustive list): a) National Council b) Federal Council c) Provincial parliaments LAW and the State) Taer 884,8 eder EAT ST FACE 1188 raspr oter rter d) Boards of Workers e) Social Security authorities ntal care. tis for the most part free of charge, including hongk neural to as EP of anworl a mont bepuber: anuori gnishow yiesWuor pnishow no wa f) Vacation fund for building workers 15 Apr eling) Joint Commissions( Government, employers' and workers' representatives), recommendations, consultations and approval of wage and price proposals. h) Building Trade Advisory Committee for economic and social matters:( employers' and workers' representatives as well as experts on the subject) Wages Coordination, employment and adjudication of building work Statistical programme for the building trade Financing of buildings Social questions ( 8 Incr - i) Building Advisory Board in the Buildings Ministry( at the Federal level time schedules, overall survey of the building volume as a forecast and contribution to building coordination) j) Building Advisory Board at the Provincial Level: Advisory Boards to promote housing construction in the Federal Provinces. k) Committee of Experts on Social Statistics in the Federal Ministry for Social Administration( Economic and labour- market situation) 1) Austrian Productivity Centre These benefits hqmoo@T ow bris m) Expert Committee on Statistics in Trade and Industry asburnt working Party" Building Price Index" hogy air mo lud erit mont sqA bnen) Institute for Building Research do sqq.musicneytaimerio to zooz sri ni beyolqm9 215> how o) Consultation of Works Councils in the undertakings concerning matters of an economic, social, health or cultural nature( obligation of the entrepreneur/ owner of the undertaking to inform them concerning the economic position of the undertaking, the type and volume of production, orders in hand, sales, investments, etc.) on the basis of the Law on Works Councils and the amendment to the said law dated 1 September 1971. Multinational Firms- only play a minor part in the Austrian building and wood trades. 3. 1968 3 we 3 1972 -boo bas pribli Sickness benefits: edmem istota and plavbno slanine sh 210x10w First week srit to Beideftr immo 80 percent of wage painispred evisoolloo to themqoleva niol toured in basilanoitutitani ai oninispind evitello Accident beibid vllspel is 200timmo mio sert yd aber anoisissa Jnsmyolqm3 bnsuode to yuziniM Sket 99 anib bsbulan nemesis vitello og aacow to bolag 8000 Mabebulonos tremsenge avisoelloo A visunds most as insig bns over SysM mort as insa a zapewni sas sonswolls ris 915 ogsw broos srit to noit loves hi ezoni os; rcer lingA to rel or now a worl sq narit tegnol and show most bris or lavet ti zepaw a'quod First week Isteriaga Pimile avizes porq: 15er 305.0 of beesoni.sw mo Hee to yo Hi di nosd even vids terit svong so or how not ensay 03 to age at mont 03 bns Isipo2s to noise erz; noizzstoiq erit ni yzivitos lemon 10 tit spnol on ens orlw bris nesy to edmun Developments in the ind 2151ow noifszinspi to noi sainepio ad not brus to noites srit 10tose pribliud erit ni ytivizos stomovg of bout almon Pris noistab noinu abe eris to autera oriz to nolaivai( 291neo yabilod to nemrzildales et ayabilor The economic situation during the period 1970-1971 varied How isagot bebbs ens privil to 1200 srit of anamtaubs 09891017sie se te bars it or not insovsq 1.8= or betnuoms benisido essexoni lenovo the building trade te srit not sene bito manu to nobelbles bns Insmysq to mistave od pnirmolen beoubouni asw wel wen stef hedmatqs nl noitelu Housing showed a clear decline in activity in 1970 and 1971, A sitened mont myolq ever shows a slightly downwa amit to bin 161382 a to noitsano ert bris noitsmot sees to Generally speaking, 1972 is likely to witness a -szinag nimes conp to\ S spio noinu abst onoms ரயர் eqve@ to sa 129 BELGIUM after 890 Building industry anuary ry 1975( ww.ep nayolama anemisvo) anoizzimmo inlol( p ong going brs agow to levoiggs bns anois LA 刊 CENTRALE GENERALE ( FGTB) abiso nozivbA lova lalanivo19 llow ze yolame noisenib1000 Bud to onionm pnibliu8( i Organisation 1973. JA( 1 Vocation The Centrale Générale FGTB comprises several industrial sectors grouped together in a single federation. Apart from the building and woodworkers with whom this report is concerned, the Centrale Générale also includes workers employed in the sectors of chemistry, petroleum, paper, tobacco, glass, building materials, furs, skins and leather, and agriculture. arb sion train The officers of the Centrale Générale are: President vice- president E. Janssens A. Van Uytven national secretary for the building sector national secretary for the wood sector national secretary A. Vanden Broucke J. De Mulder J. De Nooze H. Lorent ( o isualAt.E the national secretary The Centrale Générale has a total membership of 201,000 of which about 90,000 are building and woodto workers. Development of collective bargaining Collective bargaining is institutionalised in the form of Joint Committees chaired by a representative of the Ministry of Labour and Employment. Decisions made by these Joint Committees are legally binding. Collective agreements concluded during the period 1970-1972 Con A collective agreement concluded in May 1970 for a period of two years provided for: a 10 percent general increase in wages, 6 percent as from May 2, 1970 and 4 percent as from February 13, 1971; progressive elimination of the second wage area; an allowance of 0.35 F per hour for working clothes which was increased to 0.70 F per hour as from the 1st of April 1971; an increase in travel allowances and compensation amounting to one hour's wages if travel to and from work takes longer than three hours a day; the possibility of early retirement as from the age of 60 years for workers who can prove that they have been in the building industry for a certain number of years and who are no longer fit for normal activity in the profession; the creation of a Social and Economic Fund to promote activity in the building sector; the creation of a Fund for the organisation of workers' holidays; the establishment of holiday centres; revision of the status of the trade union delegation and training for delegates; greater safety on building sites. 7th day of hospitalisation If the wage increases derived from adjustments to the cost of living are added together with the contractual increases, the overall increase obtained amounted to ± 8.1 percent for the first area and 9.2 percent for the second area for the year 1971. In September 1971, a new law was introduced reforming the system of payment and calculation of unemployment benefits. As from the 1st of November 1971, workers in the building sector have a guaranteed unemployment benefit amounting to 2/3 of gross earnings in wages for an unlimited period of time. At the time of the renewal of the collective agreement in April 1972, there were differences of opinion among trade union organisations concerning the establishment of asset formation and the creation of a Social and Economic Fund. Finally, the collective agreement was signed by all the organisations concerned except the Christian organisation. The agreement came into effect on 15 April 1972 and mainly introduced the following improvements: a wage increase of 9 percent, 4 percent from 15 April 1972 and 5 percent from 21 March 1973; a guaranteed mini130 mum increase for all building workers of 3.15 F as from 15 April 1972 and of 3.90 F as from 21 March 1973; elimination of the second wage area; a working week of 42 hours as from 1 October 1973, 41 hours as from 1 October 1974 and 40 hours as from 1 December 1975; increase of the loyalty bonus from 4.5 percent to 5.5 percent in two stages( 0.5 percent on 1 October 1972 and 0.5 percent on 1 October 1973); an employers' contribution of 0.05 percent for the training of trade union activists; 2 days supplementary vacation in 1972 and a fourth week of vacation as from 1975. Two working garments are provided per year. dmun Wages and conditions of work Increase in wages: vtiv to so6q Skilled Specialized( semi- skilled) Manual F for s 1 CAT oni ane how to redimur ad On 1.1.1968 On 31.12.1971 62.80 F 51.50 F 45.70 F 84.70 F ni bayolgmar skilled 69.40 F 61.70 F 1968. arstet doneM af 1972, In addition, the workers receive loyalty bonuses and bad- weather premiums. These benefits amount at present to ± 7 percent of the workers' annual earnings. Working hours: 1968 45 hours bru poini lenoispov 19 bns, oimebeos 1orize ai n Isnoitsoov s al ser noiribbe al vibus 1970 43 and 3/4 hours as from 1.3.1970 lavia 197 1972 43 hours as from 1.10.1972 1973 42 hours as from 1.10.1973 1974 1975 Annual vacation: 41 hours as from 1.10.1974 40 hours as from 1.12.1975 ods to Smit pciniste8 gos nA leew favolams 1968 1970 - 3 weeks 6 weeks' pay 1972 1975 Sickness benefits: 49.35 First week tainiM sdgninis lanoitsoov to aeqys estris east mort neqA oo finis lenissoov evianetni brs noitstifidsden lenitiv not vob bns noitsuria imonios eds no baasd ai bris 3 weeks- 6 weeks' pay odsters 3 weeks+ 2 days- 6 weeks'+ 2 days' pay 4 full weeks- 8 weeks' pay 2nd, 3rd, 4th and following weeks 80 percent of wage 80 percent of wage 2.1971 aland Manual 47.55 yuzubni booW begier Pension: 100 percent wage 90 percent of wage Accident benefit: First week 2nd, 3rd, 4th and following weeks Family rate Single rate Widow's rate 83.364 F( 6,947.- F/ month) 66.684 F( 5,557.- F/ month) 66.684 F( 5,557.- F/ month) sno vino zi 45 h. 44 h. Developments in the industry 44. 43 h. ud si no ho noitsinago oninieged avioelloo sd avidoelloo ni anamgoleve domit ertz ni ninispred evitello to 1932iniM it to ovissen syd doirlw ni sbst pribliud si exilnu hose to settimmo niols er 10 themed bns gniazsoon admir boow ni abs bns allim- wse The economic situation stuns bne prizzsoonq att ni vistaqse sopiq 29xist stoteneris painisgned evitello edmi breytaubni sutimu The economic situation during the period 1970-1971 varied considerably from sector to sector if we consider the conditions in T ni bebulonoo asw yuzubni gniaz9001 sdmit srts not insmeengs ovitoslloo A imee tot 32 2how bellica hot 08.2 to sessioni sgews betslugita bas - nual industrial accommodation 2160 the building trade public works. now Housing showed a clear decline in activity in 1970 and 1971. A slight recovery seems likely in 1972. T The situation in the industrial building sector was evidently much better than that in housing; 1972 however shows a slightly downward trend. bavi 1970-1971 was a period of intense activity in the public works sector and the high rate of activity persists nent ne in 1972. Generally speaking, 1972 is likely to witness a stabilisation of activity in the sector at the 1971 level. gibbs ne Both public and private institutions specialised in the financing of construction and housing acquisition, widened the conditions and extended the limits of access to mortgages, and lowered the cost of such mortgages; they also established or extended specific savings possibilities. 131 policy. Moreover, considerable credits were set aside by the Government to support the widest possible public works Situation on the labour market ster 8916 spew broosa ad? to noitsnimile eQ I mont 26 zuord OA bns Ater 15do1 do I no misq 2.0) 29ps12 owt ni 100 1 20.0 The sustained level of activity in the building trade in 1969 and 1970 had a favourable impact on employment in the sector. The total number of workers and employees grew substantially. On 30.6.1970, the building trade employed 257,537 workers out of a total of 2,823,878, i.e. 10.9 percent of the working population. Between 1969 and 1970, the number of workers increased by 6,749. ni 92691onl Since 1971 however, a certain slackening has been noticed due to the decline in the pace of activity. In March 1972, 15,112 persons were unemployed in the building sector as compared with 10,290 unemployed during the same month of the previous year. Vocational training and seadTamuimen orsew- bed bris azu Isune rssw- bed brs aszunod vtisvol svied: 218> how erit noitibbs.nl edz to Vocational training for building workers is provided in the main by the general schooling system. However, such training is rather academic, and vocational skills are acquired in practice on the building site. In addition, there is a Vocational Training Fund which is managed jointly and which trains workers exclusively for foundation work. The employers contribute to this fund. STO Ster Moreover, there are apprenticeship contracts covering a period of four years with theory lessons once a week. An apprentice under such a contract is entitled to wages, the amount of which is fixed by contract with the employer. sidant OA aver Apart from these three types of vocational training, the Ministry of Labour and Employment runs centres for vocational rehabilitation and intensive vocational training courses. Retraining time depends on individual cases and is based on the economic situation and developments on the labour market assessed on a short- and long- term basis. A national Centr Géné total mem expaw a E ysq 2x99w 8- axbow llut ster eter Wood industry velopment ollective bargaining Organisation ining is Inst Min See report on the building trade. spsw to Insteq 08 tise is 08 ions m taritened 229nolaiz xsew tai Joint Commas ghiollo Joint Committees are legally BoS of the had insbiooA Developments in collective bargaining 972 xesw 12114 Shen Collective bargaining in the timber industry is also institutionalised in the form of Joint Committees chaired by a representative of the Minister of Labour and Employment. OF Unlike the building trade in which there is only one Joint Committee for the entire industry, the wood sector has a Joint Committee for each of the sub- sectors: timber processing and treatment saw- mills and trade in wood Social an EcoCollective bargaining therefore takes place separately in the processing and manufacturing industries. Collective agreements concluded during the period 1970-1972 Bet boisq erit gnhub noite monoos T a) zabie The Furniture industry and timber processing: s to the cost A collective agreement for the timber processing industry was concluded in 1970 for a period of two years and stipulated a wage increase of 5.50 F for skilled workers, 5 F for semi- skilled workers and 4.50 F for manual workers. iced duq gnizuoH The 43- hour week came into effect on 1 October 1970 and the 42- hour week on 1 July 1972. Tevew The loyalty bonus was fixed at 4.25 percent of annual earned income, and was paid at the end of 1970 by fit the trade unions. This bonus will be 4.75 percent in 1971 and 5.25 percent in 1972. Social security schemes supplementing the legal system were set up. In 1971, trade union members received an unemployment benefit of 80 F per day, and this was increased to 100 F per day in 1972, whereas non- union men received only 70 and 80 F respectively in 1971 and 1972. In case of accident, trade- union members received an additional benefit of 70 F for 65 days in 1971, this sum being increased to 80 F in 1972. Non- union men however only got 65 F per day. In case of sickness as well, union members received a supplement of 45 F X 50 days in 1971 and 50 F X 50 days as of 1972 after the period of the guaranteed monthly wage. Non- union men would only 132 receive 40 F per day. S hoianoq tomonite Holiday benefits for retired persons which amounted to 2,000 F was increased to 2,500 F in 1971 and to 3,000 F in 1972. ( rom +-88,88 b) Widows were entitled to a sum of 1,250 F in 1971 and to 1,500 F in 1972. 480.00 Saw- mills: AIA OIK ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΩΝ CO alpni2 0161 a'wobiW yuzubni orb ni stromgolavs The collective agreement of May 1969 provided for a wage increase from 0.25 F to 0.40 F for manual workers, from 0.55 F to 1.70 F for semi- skilled workers, from 2.65 F to 3.05 F for skilled workers and from 2.70 F to 4.95 F for specially y skilled workers as from 1 July 1969. Oter duqsh This agreement also stipulated the establishment of a work bonus which was fixed at 480 F in 1969. due suzimut orT Subsistence security benefits supplementing the legal system were increased to 50 F. aque bonds bram The agreement concluded on 3 November 1971 provided a wage increase of 15 F for manual workers, 1.25 F for semi- skilled and skilled workers and 1.50 F for specially skilled workers as of 1 January 1972, 1 July 1972, med and 1 January 1973 and 1 July 1973. The loyalty bonus was increased to 600 F after 3 years and 1,000 F after 5 years of service. The work bonus varied between 750 and 1,000 F. c) Timber trade: ChoilliTim vd beassioni olorw boow sitt mont neon The agreement of June 1970 provided for a wage increase of 1 F from 1 July 1970, 0.50 F on 1 January 10 1971 and 0.50 F on 1 July 1971. Moreover, young workers over 18 years of age whose output was equivalent to that of a worker aged 21 years would receive 100 percent. The year- end bonus was increased from 2 to 4 F per working day, and also included the period from 1 January 1970 to 30 June 1970. Workers were also to be provided with two suitable working garments. Wages and conditions of work yolqma vitaubni nizsi- boow.bne yolqms ystaubni poisson- boow be sutingut at over edmes( E no nemow E38, Ebne nom 830, SE yd qu'abam gni hiero bra utimut 6dT fyd besosb bevolume 19 how to od Increase in wages: -mun ege19vs grupit lat Collective had 5,715 membe airb to noneq OT vie Skilled On 1.12.1968 Semi- skilled Manual own association Furniture 58.65 53.15 47.55 Saw- mills 49.35 46.00 43.20 Timber trades 52.75 49.25 46.40 ent With On 1.12.1971 furing the ow arit Furniture 77.10 69.90 62.60 SPF. Saw- mills 61.00 54.60 Timber trade 65.65 61.50 51.20 58.15 nes boo art of yiqge stonino girl Working hours: Furniture nce for Saw- mills the nego ozls tramyolqm bns Timber trade Third Ministry we have the right 1968 notic 45 h. 45 h. 1969 44 h. 45 h. 44 h. 1970 43 h. Sing 1971 43 h. 1972 1973 44 h. 43 h. three years. 42 h. Annual holidays: mair 1968 - Hou1970 wo 1972 1975 S Sickness benefit: 3 weeks 6 weeks' pay 3 weeks- 6 weeks' pay 3 weeks+ 2 days- 6 weeks+ 2 days' pay 4 full weeks- 8 weeks' pay period, riod, that is between 15 ays and ekly. For the First week: 80 percent of wage and 15th ays 1972, that is for 15th of nd Sundays bei holl day 2nd, 3rd, 4th and following weeks: 80 percent of wage Accident benefit: ndays The week weekly hours of work shall be reduce a First week: 100 percent wage 2nd, 3rd, 4th and following weeks: 41, from 190 percent of wage hours. 133 Retirement pension: Family rate: 00883,364 F( 6,947.- F/ month). Single rate: Widow's rate: 66,684 F( 5,557.- F/ month) 66,684 F( 5,557.- F/ month) nuoms noq bonita not attened vabiloH stet ni 9 000,% S.I to muss of balzins The sustained levi me Developments in the industry The economic situation- 1970-1972 ( d The expansion of production in the wood- processing industry slowed down in 1970. The rate of growth in 1970 was 3 percent, whereas the increase in 1969 as compared with the previous year had been 6.2 percent. Uop is bex The furniture sub- sector which represents 41.8 percent of total sales in the sector witnessed a decline in demand abroad, especially in France. On the other hand, foreign competitors, especially those in the Federal Republic of Germany, were able to increase exports to our country. The" Seat"( chair) sub- sector made remarkable progress; turnover in this sector has more than doubled in ten years. The other important sub- sectors- joinery and compressed board- also made progress though in a less spectacular fashion. Exports from the wood- processing industry as a whole increased by 2.2 percent to a total of 8,900 million. Of this total, 88.8 percent were absorbed by partners in the Common Market. Imports increased by 29.1 percent. The domestic market absorbed 64 percent of total production. lub( no 3 03.0 bns rer now a to terr eb gnishow tiw be Situation on the labour market a) Furniture and the wood- processing industry for voca On 31 December 1970, the furniture and wood- processing industry employed 35,629 workers, this total beanding made up by 32,066 men and 3,563 women. The furniture and chair sector accounts for approximately 70 percent of this total figure. The average number of workers employed decreased by 1 percent during the year 1971. Vocational training 21.82 00.85 susimu Organiss As in the building trade, the general schooling system provides most vocational training for woodworkers. Such vocational training however is mainly academic and further vocational skills are acquired in practice in the workshops. Develop There is no Vocational Training Fund in the wood sector, unlike the building trade. However, apprenticeimua ship contracts apply to the wood sector as well. by Centres for vocational rehabilitation and intensive vocational training courses run by the Ministry of Labour and Employment also operate for the wood sector. Con Collecti Collective The Furniture and the 134 ort as AA eser EA Over ely in the the process rcer ster EA Eter leunnA Industry was concluded wage indre ase of 5.50 F for skilled workers, 5 F for over ster 1 Octob aver ent in 1971 and 5:25 sw to 11 1/10 08 -Union in nly CYPRUS blaq od lliw zori ylisow lemon aritzer som i roinw how amihevo avebnu bns aysbruns tot S= 1 bos aysb xoow not to storit zwollot 26 zapow muminim box Was ysb isq sonswollA privid to FEDERATION OF ΟΜΟΣΠΠΟΝΔΙΑ ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΓΕΝΙΚΩΝ ΕΡΓΑΤΩΝ ΚΥΠΡΟΥ pnivil to CONSTRUCTION privil to & ALLIED privil to WORKERS OF CYPRUS beassoni ed lliw aspew muminim srTvilsunns 10 sods! bellian U mewodal slemst analbinirler 28001610 gonganamoon! vipnibroos -SA erit of pnibroos aspew oriz to nemaujbsen leoismotus ed Hiw everT AJ00 sonewollA privil to 1800 on&& svisoen lliw sw aniq& vrave 10 anammsvog srls yd bousal al roirlw xsni coing list Organization country became inc Officers: In order to devote itself The movem the time. General secretary general treasurer general organizer members of the executive committee yabilad dildegas bating วิธี 2e Tow lodioiidule to ano taunod enemaah Michael loannou A. Klitou G. loannou bns zys bilor bilduq sot 290 The by ould all us P. Odesseos K. Tampos blamed nevip no en de anoitudinoo Isups riw but theb pps blo blo ori svods bns svo azitened sps blo asvip tory G. Theophanous but ratG. Evagorou who held Chr. Papatheophilou P. Sazos uloms no) asbla Membership: The At the end of 1971 we had 5,715 members. al Ca been Collective bargaining developments bni noi The contractors undertaking works in the Construction industry have their own association. As Trade Unions we have a national agreement with the Contractors Associations which applies all over the country. The duration of this agreement usually is for three years. There is a clause in the agreement which provides that any amendment of the agreement or any new claims must be submited three months before the expiration of the agreement. With the contractors we have a general agreement aobut the procedure to be followed during the negociations. affirm it This agreement entails three steps. flic 10 First, we have to negotiate our demands with the Committee of the Association. Second, if we fail to reach agreement during our discussions with the contractors then we have to refer the dispute to the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance for mediation. Third, if we reach on dead lock during the meetings under the chairmanship of the Ministry we have the right to give 8 days notice for strike action or to take any other action we think necessary. Wages& working conditions to ch In 1968 we signed an agreement. The duration of that agreement was three years. In 1971 we submitted our proposals for a new agreement. After six months negotiations we signed a new agreement, the duration of which will be for a period of 4 years. The main points of the new agreement are as follows. Hours of work. Organiz In 1972 we shall work 44 hours weekly. In 1972, for the summer period, that is between 15th of May and 15th of September, we shall work the 44 hours in five days. That is we have Saturdays and Sundays as holidays. In 1973 we shall reduce the hours of work to 43 weekly. For the same period as in 1972, that is for 15th of May to 15th of September, we shall work the 43 hours in five days, Saturdays and Sundays being regarded as holidays. Mou From 1.1.1974 we shall have all Saturdays and Sundays as holidays. The weekly hours of work shall be reduced as follows: Dominique Adekambi affairs First January 1974 to 42, 1975- 41, from 1st of January 1976 to 40 hours. 135 Overtime: Work which is more that the normal weekly hours will be paid as overtime. The overtime will be at the rate of 1 1/2 for week days and 1= 2 for Saturdays and Sundays. Wages: We fixed minimum wages as follows: Unskilled labourers female labourers technicians trainees 1,550 mils+241 mils cost of Living Allowance per day 1,300 mils+ 202 mils cost of Living Allowance per day 1,780 mils+ 278 mils cost of Living Allowance per day 1,000 mils+ 158 mils cost of Living Allowance per day. The overtime will be at АЛИОПИЗОМО 1 X Increments progressions will be agreed with the contractors annually. The minimum wages will be increased whereas the inc accordingly. Cost of Living Allowance: COLA. There will be automatical readjustment of the wages according to the Retail price intex which is issued by the government. For every 3 points we will receive a 3 percent increase. RepubAnnual leave: There are 13 days with pay per annum as annual leave. Public holidays: There are 16 days, recognised as public holidays with pay. noirssins10 doubled in 1219010 pecChristmans bonus: One weeks wages are given to the workers at Christmans time as bonus. We have the Public holiday Fund run by the Trade Unions out of which the workers are receiving their wages for public holidays and Christmans bonus. The employers are contributing 65 mils for every£ 1,000 mils earned by the workers as wages. In a later stage during the duration of the agreement the employers shall increase their contribution to the Fund to 85 mils per£ 1,000 mils. Provident fund: Since 1968 we have the provident fund with equal contributions of 5 percent from both sides( on gross emoluments). The provident fund gives old age benefits over and above the old age pension given from the National Social Insurance fund. Situation on the labour market 21odmam A Generally in Cyprus for the last six years we have full employment. The same applies and for the construction industry. anoinhaberTA Labour legislation nwo lart everytzubni noitouteno et evo lls aeilgqs doidw anoitsiooza A mesige Isnoiten& ever ow We mention specially the Annual leave Law, the Termination of Employees Law, and Safety regulations in building industry. Vocational training sri gniub bewollat ed Fu The main training in construction industry is given on the spot. We have the apprentiship scheme and some accelerated courses for special crafts. Labour There is under discussion a bill covering vocational training. tripi ar svari sw yuzin to vitz ads of stuqalb rose ew ti bridT 299 en nir ew noisos verio yns ex of to noijos al vot soiton zysb.8 avip of sey serir asw snemsepe terit to noitsub sr.nsmeans no bengia aw 8881 nl wen s bengia sw enoitsitogen adinom xia heriA inomasigs won a tot alszogong tuo batimdue ower of assy A to boinaqs not to noitetubal Ins awollot 26 916 Inamissige wen.orit to anioq niem edT how to auoH did! bns ysM to bet neowded zi ter boinaq ammu or not sternlyblow A show llarie sw Scer of ayabilor as ayabnu2 bns aysbruts2 svari sw al terT aysb evit ni auor AA art show llariz owodmarge2 to to dial yot ai tr Stet ni as boisq ames or 10 ybleaw EP or how to equor or soube lleria sw Evet al -ilor as bebisger gnied avebnu bns ayebuts aysb svit ni auori E srl show llarla ow, isdmistqs? to ritat of ysM eyeb llerle show to auod vllow onT aysbilor as eysbau bna aysbute2 His avad Hariz ew AT81.1.1 mon awollot as bepub 136 zor QA of over yieuns to al montra- ater shorter visunst, tani pwekeadhbenzvanpo al noirexinspio uo to nolzulove odt as 161 A DAHOMEY vying womad aroinu to moitation auomiom as best overt me won qidatedmen TUO gnitsem S4.NA.TRA. B. - -volam ayolgms to noit 4th 1st step 2nd step wide.hoitsebe iub niechow boow bris nonco 008 art to gir fiondoo svitetainimbs quo yd absm anoiziosb up inde CNSL To SYNDICAT NATIONAL DES TRAVAILLEURS Velloo ni nemoloved DU BATIMENT& BOIS vitello 001 soni to moisive stor( SYNATRAB) sine airs to log ont.yemorie to me o sups ritiw anola( Building and wood workers) A.000r sonia yem to vstainiMerit is tremmevog or bre ving srit lls ni ezin spsw sq ft Istone& aw flue 19,040 sluge of sunitnoo noiteogen Isubivibn! tas! dibidw atist A bildu bilduqeЯ srit nose bilduq- imse bns .00 aroitnop- lajope as low as astug When our country became independent in 1960, the workers' movement which had immediately changed in orientation in order to devote itself to its tasks in the development processes of the country, lost its power due to divergent tendencies at the time. nworl2 916 bris The union practices in use at the time were of doubtful value. Thus the activities of the Dahomey workers' movements have been indecisive and confused for a number of years. In 001 The labour movement's struggle before independence was a well- defined one: a struggle for national sovereignty. When this goal was reached in 1960, the noisy and demanding union practices of that period disappeared and were replaced by more constructive practices. This lack of awareness, though, was certainly a great lack, one which could not be blamed on the union leaders at that time but rather on the colonizers and employers who held all the power in their hands. ve not constixs ni nised over doirw asistzubni lenoirsnislum istevez robics8 The labour movement's activities were quite unsatisfactory during our first decade of existence. Nevertheless a radical change is coming about as we gain experience. The wood construction workers of Dahomey had pleaded their cause for years before a group of unions that showed little interest in them. But with God's help, the National Confederation of Free Trade Unions with which they have been affiliated since 1970 has adopted new work policies; these policies essentially consist in helping all the Dahomey workers to regroup by industrial branches. Certainly industrial unions had existed before, but they were inadequate. 151 2A volt was just at this time that the national union of construction and wood workers( SYNATRAB) came upon the national scene legally and took over the position that it should have among the unions of Dahomey. Since the first days of Oct. 1970, the reconfirmation of all the delegates of the personnel of all the businesses in all the sectors of our territory by the minister of Labour and Public Affairs has permitted our Federation to affirm its position.er ni sonsbnagebnisiinuab eerste entoase Ispitiloq not tuo nevirb need bsd 30A 18mol ane After this, a continually growing effort has been made in the recruitment of new members as well as in conflict arbitration. As far as the number of members is concerned, we must say that our union was able to maintain its 900 members in the construction and wood sectors in spite of the proliferation of unions in Dahomey. A large number of litigations brought to the attention of our secretariat were resolved by simple negociaedT tions with the employers, and others through work inspection and through labour courts. The great task which remains is to challenge the Dahomey construction workers' collective agreement, in force since 1956, and to modify it in order to overcome its imperfections. Education: The main concern of the federation's leadership is to provide the necessary training for all our members. But it has been beyond our means to carry out this project as it should be. The several week- end seminars we have held so far are totally insufficient and it is because of this that our administrative council, at its meeting on 31 January 1972, made several decisions to alleviate the situation. This is a general view of our Federation from its beginnings until its legal constitution in 1970. позво Organization besse vemoris to znoinu how ad show of betimil ton- al stutitani zid 80er ni( 00) vemored to stuitenl Prosper Tohoun ronsid narito ni priniet lenciadotorg 12 26 Secretary general bnez 3A br Administrative secretary ninis vize Vice- secretary general A) 1810 10 El'Hadj Akibou Alli to note of evitse general treasurer vice- general treasurer secretary to the president secretary for social affairs nemyolqmes technical adviser auditor nixles Leon Zerpa A.8891 Cosmas Logo 29210 bns noiz Cosmas Logo Mounirou Sadissou Charles Saizonou Dominique Adekambi Luc Agossa Joseph de Souza vie 0216 birdw 137 As far as the evolution of our organization is concerned, there have been no particular changes; for years now, we have had an enormous proliferation of unions here. Our only victory has been to maintain the membership of the 900 construction and wood workers in our Federation. Nevertheless we think that our membership will grow soon, due to the recent decisions made by our administrative council at its last meeting. Developments in collective bargaining Since 1963, collective bargaining had taken place on a nation- wide level between all the unions and employs and employ. ers of Dahomey. The goal of this enlarged movement was a total revision of all wage rates in application in Dahomey since 1956. A settlement was made after bargaining sessions with equal representation of employers, employees, and the government at the Ministry of Labour and Public Affairs which lasted almost 6 months. The end result was a general 12 percent wage rise in all the private and semi- public sectors in the Republic. rice Individual negotiations continue to regulate legal disputes as well as social conflicts. Salaries and working conditions ai stov itsteino Wages in the wood and construction sectors are shown in the tables below. Working conditions are about vib the same as in the other French- speaking countries. They vary according to the branch. In general the work day is 8 hours long. Overtime is payed according to the rules in force that provide from 10 percent to 100 percent( of the normal wage). Paid vacation: 26 work days plus 4 Sundays( 1 month). Social Security for illness, accidents, and retirement. Family allowances. Vingis bris Fur Development of the industry Jud bemal bluco dbirlw Besides several multinational industries which have been in existence for several years( for ex. SNADAH, OCDEE, ICODA, SODAK, etc.) there are other factories that belong to foreigners, above all SOBRADO, the BATA factory, SCD, etc. These factories are located in different parts of the Republic. We must admit that in- s dustrialization in Dahomey is still in an embryonic stage. He The labour market ierit piloq As far as this is concerned, we are simply in a deplorable state and both the government and the unions feel terribly concerned. Both have been faced with the job shortage that has plagued Dahomey for several years now, and in spite of numerous efforts they have found no solution to this national calamity. This situation is not due to the low qualifications of personnel, but rather to the fact that high administration officers as well as employees of some private companies who had been employed in other countries of the 292 former AOF had been driven out for political reasons after these countries' independence in 1960. This state of affairs has troubled us for several years now. However, we have great hopes for improvements in the near future, considering that the government has taken measures in the last 2 years to alleviate the situation. Legislation and workers' rights 100 To edmun epis! A The 1952 work code, valid for all the overseas territories, AOF, AEF, Madagascar, etc. marked an important and decisive step in our legislative reforms. Since we now have national and international sovereignty, it is only logical that we review the functions of our new political structures and our socio- political realities. Considering all this, the labour technical services have been working on a possible text that has been discussed by the employees' and the employers' organizations for a long time. This text was finally submitted to the government, which accepted it and promulgated it as Ordonance No. 33, on 28 Sept. 1967. Professional training dmem no gni Because they are conscious of the role they must play in the socio- economic development of our country, the workers grouped together within the national unions of Dahomey created the National Workers' Education Institute of Dahomey( INEOD) in 1966. This institute is not limited to workers' education as such, but also gives professional training in other branches. nuado 100019 Thanks to the cooperation of the Afro- American Labour Center( CAT), a pan- African cooperative training center was founded at Cotonou in 1968. All the French- speaking countries of the former AOF and AEF send trainees to this center, which gives courses on the organization and management of cooperatives. In addition to the ministry of Labour and Public Affairs, an agency for general labour and employment, which also trains secretaries, has been created. supinimo 138 asuo eb riqual natibus Workers' wages in the construction and public works sectors GNP in: categories workers categories 1969 ( hourly wages) 58.8 bill. kr. Employer Ma employees ( monthly salaries at 40 hours per week) 1st in 50 อง SMGEMMA 1st SMIG production worker ЯЗО 2nd 39.60 ART X2 1971 56.00 ТАТВАТЕЯяза 2nd 9,775 3rd 67.00 ow bris pribliu83 3rd 12,075 after 1 year seniority 4th 1969 70.00 1970 4th 14,030 1st step kr. 76.00 if. kr. 5th kr. 19,040 2nd step 81.00 6th 22,400 and 5th 1st step how 2nd step 6th not categorized 95.00 110.00 129.00 177.00 kr -x9 smoz of Amo Bhs pribli hebat iis que o el anoiteainego owt saoris to saoqing en how gribljuble nogebet lenoiten) eninzulensmmszabns. cong gniblig 916 920T( noitstabol nexhowboow) teistele8-1sbischsse1T xene noint minege bins 219 neque bas' neniol, erit saused thatxs emos of qel 1971 enoitsinspo ritod to ad 15sfoiq of al anoitsinspo saarit to mis adT jata at2819tni( soitiloq, Jost net sri ni beiquooo! briw 21edmem idequoit anoiteains@ blow art of betaiitts smooed anoirssbet art bill. kr. 40.1 2100002 Insvslen Arbi bennent noirw noisebet deine erit qu solemn of og anoisesbet' nexowboow bns pribliud!! 1969 mom 888.rar to Tadobong gnin 1970 1971 WW831 Investments in: 288,0 1969 000,88 18.3 bill. kr. 008. wollot as qu bebivib ed no oriw zad 18.8 kr. mins are tow Ists- seen toslettersbes ballilagme bne aequods to noitsvabe Toto consumption and investme Sas, 1969 1970 SET 82.5 bill. kr. 65.8 bill. kr. percent. EƐes 008 Suppon the domestic ed by 1.2) 308 a Private, cour dil art to bareizo notis dropped by g's bi 3namyolam menu on beeis noir of ensibital to noisebe ateisel to noitesbe 1976bliud- ybo8 bns medlem- dub to noiseba 月 to no went up by mehow zubni booW to noisisbe by 0.8 bill and public.co hemmisvog nodils to bon volloqs bouzuq nammsvog aidT A Isosional bnssvitavesano..prive of ters bval ere has Canist 40% lesbianco s asw 919dT assy auoivenq ni munne 190 In01 207 ▷ bns, oxer bos eaer .83 million square metres were under construction on September 23rd noge to ed ed fow al year Traubni onibliud erit ni yhaluoiraq Jamyolamenu to nuoms side sbianco s yd bexham asw rteriover dvd beag va perdates- 1 of 19b1o ni 291usam simonos no qu netrigit of beprot 91sw ats100mb isipos ar nommsvog noisileos emiz omoz stiup not bellogs pried no op of ever. lljw 11 atmysq to consled sitt rizil The exter building amoo of les in the country ed in tho 1968 269 1970 1971 8ter et liqA yd tuo beesriq need svari o el bns besoqmi ed oz bei Vrub noqmi frisonaq of lanolivonq A Carbonisam saliosqe- gnirthdaymonoos ar svig of boob is al airT 5.6 ano yaogme teemagnes sortest up abam eq Bijoria si 59.0 10.0 ed Space devoted to dwellings Completed buildings 2009qmi sluinisq to' 918, doir toubor berlinit- imsz bajajiem ws1 to 10 A ราย snow astub nomi sri mo no nl.nuten isipoa s to anoass hot attutebo w vizub 890100291 oldsoblanoo beasslot insmntevog 16ome isico eris nemvolqmenu to zepnsb.ad 10193up of ab 139 DENMARK 0+ 0.91 BYGGEFAGENES LANDSSAMMENSLUTNING OG DANSK TRAEARBEJDERSEKRETARIAT ( Building and woodworkers) ow how member 2011005163 Membership. ubong ano Exployreqata bns The purpose of these two organisations is to group all federations in the building industry under Byggefagenes Landssammenslutning( national federation of building workers) and all woodworker organisations under Dansk Traearbejder- Sekretariat( woodworker federation). These are two seperate organisations, but they do overlap to some extent because the Joiners' and Carpenters' Union and the Wood Industry Workers' Union are members of both organisations. The aim of these organisations is to protect the building and woodworkers' occupational and, to some extent, political interests. The federations become affiliated to the two organisations through their members who are occupied in the relevant sectors. 11 building and woodworkers' federations go to make up the Danish federation which is affiliated to the IFBWW. The Dansk Traearbejder- Sekretariat and Byggefagenes Landssammenslutning group a total of 151,386 members who can be divided up as follows: Federation of Sheet- Metal workers, Sanitary Engineers and Plumbers Federation of Labourers and Semi- skilled Workers Federation of Electricians Federation of Glaziers 6,895 56,000 7,600 Federation of Coach- makers and Body- builders low Painters Federation Bricklayers Federation for Federation of Saddlers and Upholsterers Federation of Ship's Carpenters, Riggers and Sailmakers Joiners' and Carpenters' Federation Federation of Wood Industry Workers 696 1,252 11,326 tra 14,336 2,933 900 33,515 at 15,906 In Denmark, we have just been through a period of coalition government; the coalition consisted of the Liberal Left- wing, Conservative and Radical parties. This government pursued a policy which raised the unemployment level and reduced the rate of economic activity- the building sector was not spared the effects of this state of affairs. Considering In 1971, the GNP in terms of fixed prices went up by only 2 percent as compared to 3.2 percent between 1969 and 1970, and 4 to 5 percent per annum in previous years. There was a considerable slow- down in the rate of economic growth. In the autumn of 1971, the coalition government fell, and Denmark got a Social Democrat government. It is not, however, possible to undo an erroneous policy in the course of a few months, and therefore the winter of 1970/1971 was marked by a considerable amount of unemployment, particularly in the building industry. The situation on the labour market did not improve until the summer, but as a result of the policy pursued by the coalition government, the social democrats were forced to tighten up on economic measures in order to re- establish the balance of payments; it is likely that these measures will have to go on being applied for quite some time of the training A provisional 10 percent import duty had to be imposed and is to have been phased out by April 1st 1973. This is all designed to give the economy a breathing- space whilst more long- term plans are being worked out. our and employment, to come. It should be made quite clear that these arrangements are temporary ones. A series of raw materials and semi- finished products which are of particular importance to the export industry were exempted from the import duty, as were a number of foodstuffs for reasons of a social nature. In order to counteract the dangers of unemployment, the Social Democrat government released considerable resources 140 which are to be channeled into public works. The Danish GNP in: 8983 5000 1969 08.08 a58.8 bill. kr. 800.88 1970 artb O1971 61.6 bill kr.$ 8 1971 nojugenico obru snillowb to odmul batsigmo по 2,174 644 $ 88 63.7 bill kr. 35y to be notonta U bine la noitourano sin 91 Imports in: Sewol tud Over mi love aziers 1,494 oisonco to edmun edT 535 Caer not 1969 1970 1971 ters T_8691 ni 29.2 bill. kr. 31.2 bill. kr. 31.3 bill. kr. birw applewb to tedmun T 26912 Total available resour resources: 1969 1970 1971 559 tud 88.0 bill. kr. no 92.8 bill. kr. ved vam ti sausted misono to 95.0 bill. kr. Export of goods and services in: 1.760 Betalamoo to nuoms istor ounterop gniewod to ste s leinstadogs wore and noitoustano bni pribliudred ni level themyolqme erit T Tera 1969 Saddlers 25.5 bill. kr. 1970 1.581971 27.0 bill. kr. 28.2 bill. kr. 92 788 500 Inomyolam Total supply of goods and services on the domestic market in: 1969 62.5 bill. kr. wob onog ber 1970 65.8 bill. kr. sup boos srl, Fer to pninniped edt 1A bnost ni bns over sonie inso 1971 36666.8 bill. kr. ราง ค์ which the Amount used for private consumption: unic efforts at 1969 1970 1971 In Denmar 36.8 bill. kr. To adoj 00 00 39.3 bill. kr. 40.1 bill. kr. Public consumption: of on. Th1969 sch co 7.4 bill. kr. wered efow ter T noits19 Hains Investments in: bebuloni anemsenge -yoqmi yliss tu 1969 met 18.3 bill. kr. 1970 7.7 bill. kr. 1971 8.2 bill. kr. noitsitogen to bruotas T on erit riti bebne amoinU obsit to 18.5 bill. kr. Choirsutia si pri oqmi incomes to Inioq s .nemow.bns nem emeeps to 20006W 1970 to- 1200 srl 1971 to of bre aspsw mum 18.8 bill. kr. 107 Total of consumption and investments in: 1969 1970 1971 verft erit bisa ed 62.5 bill. kr. bns or 65.8 bill. kr.ernow br66.8 bill. kr.nemesis sow art The GNP went up by 2.1 billion kronor, whereas the import of goods and services only increased by 0.1 percent. Supplies on the domestic market went up by 2.2 bill. kr., whereas the export of goods and services increased by 1.2 bill. kr. issaitibom sd asw Ins Private consumption went up by 0.8 bill. kr. and public consumption by 0.5 bill. kr., whereas investments dropped by 0.3 bill. kr. quot tovo Exer lingA monk There is every indication that industrial production has been through a period of stagnation. This does not apply to the furniture industry where, on the contrary, there has been a fairly substantial export increase. Building activities have only increased on a moderate scale and there was virtually no change in the volume of agricultural production. ara raa. TAST 219x8m utimu As for building, 11.63 million square metres were under construction on September 23rd 1971, as compared to 12.52 million square metres on September 30th 1970; this corresponds to a 7 percent decrease which affected the housing construction sector in particular, where building activities dropped by 10 percent compared to the year before. 89A Public building went down by 6 percent and the number of commercial buildings under construction by 2 E88 TEB percent. $ 10, S POS € 88. The extent of building activities in the country expressed in thousands of square metres: 219 anotsM 118,1 1968 1969 1970 Constructions which have been started 8.5 10.3 9.5 1971 exhow 10.900 Space devoted to dwellings 5.0 6.7 5.6 6.3 Completed buildings 083, 8.1 9.0 10.0 sys- 100l10.2 Under construction 10.7 12.0 11.5 11.4bb2 aep EAE, N 2193190 SOA 141 DINumber of dwellings unde 1968 1969 bildug 1970 alennerlo 1971 dbirlw Number of dwellings under construction Completed 44,416 53,903 44,400 47,125 T 44,710 50,600 50,000 Under construction at end of year 57,582 55,600 8.88 52,725 49,691 61,803 61,80 The number of construction projects started in 1971 is higher than that in 1970 but lower than the figure for 1969. LAN eDANSK The number of dwellings which came under construction increased, but it is still lower than in 1969. The total amount of completed projects has increased whereas the number of projects under construction has decreased. The rate of housing construction has, therefore, increased since 1971, but the number of dwellings under construction has shown a substantial decrease. This is a source of concern because it may have repercussions on the employment level in the building industry. The purpose of Employment nsk At the beginning of 1971, the total rate of employment in the construction branch had dropped by 1 percent since 1970, and in the second quarter of the year it had gone down further still by 2 percent. The drop in the employment level affected only people working in the construction of new buildings. There were between 87,000 and 93,500 jobs in this sector, which amounted to between 2 and 5 percent less than in 1970. In the field of repair work, the employment level had gone up by 46,400 jobs or 2 percent. The reduction in the employment rate affected above all unskilled labour. led in the Collective bargaining to mak fter go sildus over Baer The last round of negotiations between the Danish Employers' Confederation and the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions ended with the conclusion of agreements in 1971. The agreements included provisions to raise the level of normal and minimum wages and to change the cost- of- living allowances system without really improving the situation. Labourers and Semi- skilled allid 8.81 8.856,000 One point of paramount importance is the fact that we have made progress towards obtaining equal pay for 7.600 men and women. over ch- makers and Body- bu er 1.252 In many sectors, the wage agreements for men and women are the same, and yet it cannot be said that they earn the same amount of money because women tend to perform jobs which are paid at a lower rate. In cases where the wage agreements for men and women are not the same, we hope to be able to base ourselves on a decision taken in connection with the new agreement and introduce equal wages for men and women for the next and introduce equal wages foram and men and period of agreement. yd be One of the most important improvements contained in the new agreement was the modification of rules governing vacation time. As from April 1st 1972, vacations will be three days longer, they will extend over a total of three and a half weeks, and, as from April 1st 1973, over four weeks. These regulations apply to all wage- earners who are employed on a full- time basis. A comparison between the hourly rates in the third quarter of 1968 and the same period in 1971: of yiggs Outside the Copenhagen area 1968 1971 Increase in øre 196 Furniture makers valps to 1,241 1,657 416 Sheet metal workers 198 поло 1,359 1,891 532 gnibliud not aA Joiners 1,334 1,821 487 Electricians 1,2721,737 465 1970/1 Glaziers Painters rable amo of un 1,289 ment, p1,787 498 Shipt be auari grls be moled 169y coalition Bricklayers democrats we 1,274 red 1,451 1,852 578 2,014 563 100 the Carpenters 1,383 2,014 631 quite som time Masons Insulators am supe to Oter to instxe en 1,164 1,648 484 eaet. 1,262 arfd 1,811 549 t by April 1st. 1973. Concrete workers 1,139 1,629 490dw angl Hodmen Terazzo floor- layers Saddlers dustry Ship's carpenters Coach- makers 1,189 1,694 1,263 1,580 1,408 apr505wb of betoveb sosq2 317nibliud batsigmo 1,849 ar mp 441990 1,343 1,839 1,309 1,711 496 402 sources 142 The Copenhagen area four Lion that is am of 18 1968. 1968 1971 Increase in øre Furniture makers 1,503 2,043 540 MIY Sheet metal workers 1,530 2,174 644 1970 Joiners 1,743 2,354 611 Mombs Electricians Glaziers of 1969, the MRAVÖXTUTUBA 1,494 MEMO1,580 ИЗМ 1,580 2,279 699 2,029 535 hed gene dov Painters 1,600 2,263 ok in 663 members, but a corre Bricklayers ount went over to other federation 1,972sult of 2,673sition 701 some Carpenters on. One of the rea cuation to 1,907 2,571 664 Masons 1,393 1,952 559 from Insulators This has 1,492 2,228 736 Concrete workers 1,582 2,178 de 596 70. the Hodmen 1,760 2,463 703 Terazzo floor- layers Collect Saddlers 1,589 2,377 788 1,492 1,992 500 eae Ship's carpenters Coach- makers edmem ISB er bor an Brit 190 b1,500 1,515 to 2,037 dai em 1,983 522 80 483 to be si A CASOS exow everit During the periods covered by the agreement, wages are regulated on the basis of a calculation of prices which has been agreed upon, i.e. the above- mentioned cost- of- living allowance system on the one hand, and, on the other, by means of regular wage increases resulting either from technological developments or from trade union efforts at the local level. In Denmark we continue to apply the 41 3/4 hour week. Vocational training is at present still in the early stages, and experiments are being carried out on the basis of legislation. These training experiments entail reducing the importance of direct apprenticeship in favour of a school training coupled with practical work on the labour market. The co agree virtually the same treatment so improv do indust pay Thanks track the was agreed quod previ bns, noqu be as for third of thei 101 sambo of moni yuod innaq s enimas to nola to Not not 5tham Ab.bow.lewat yor gnihow.noitsailizaslo valleol xebni gnivil- to- tzco oriz ni zopnario audiving eds to besteni adinom tuot to boli svo bratxe of sw 183niw ni slow quor- yhot ar teris yaw a rou Thanks to the improvedemelidiHI Shoe tached to the federation, in the form of unemployment benefits, was 3.1 million been in 1969. The total amount of compensation paid in the course of 1970 was ceived unemployment benefit for an average of 88 days. 201 it had HubA a'noitsiebet er not 2191esent niet of besinspo 919 2921000 bris- sew trigis 80er to pninqa erit prinu snow 18/ edmem nisello not matave pris 26 becool sean sartsonenil donand ditiw gnilseb zobias8 zerlonend leool mataye airs bns inuocos superio letsoq s ni betelloo ene 29st erT noisebet adt niriw beqolaveb zerl ribiriw 299t At the end of 197 hab. Firmade aneb Waske women. Since there were only 19,820 members 11,831 women) at the number of members increased by 1,610. This increase mainly due to a ployees within the agricultural and garden and in the peat The shif 6iq asd volqmenu srl 1ot boneq rluaitlib y19v s asw 16sy ads to pninniged art vineupsenio.0001 to be art stofed roat 143 FINLAND Te eted ATES 1969 53.903 44,400hdem 40,691 50 row late 61.903 The Start 263 838 EOS.S SUOMEN MAASEUTUTYÖVÄEN LIITTO The mber of dwe LOS EXO.S R.Y. k zeisslə 2191069 The total amount ( Rural workers) ed. 923 anozsM The 1971, but the cons has she conce the how soos on nomboH 1969 Membership 88T 008 882. TTES see 219lbb62 At the end of 1968, the Finnish Federation of Rural Workers had 19,921 members, and, at the end of 1969, there were 20,249. The considerable increase in membership which occurred over the past few years seems to have stopped, at any rate for the time being. There are at least three reasons for this, the main one being the marked tendency among the population to change over from a rural occupation to industry. The forest workers in the northermost parts of our country have been moving to Sweden for several years now, but in the second half of 1969, this emigration increased to hitherto unknown proportions. The third reason is the reduction in the rate of unemployment; a number of people have refrained from applying for membership to the unemployment benefit society which is attached to the federation, because it has been easier to find work, especially towards the end of the year. Colle The above- mentioned figures include the 1,179 female members of the federation. There were a total of 408 local branches. Collective bargaining to ion OV As far as the forest workers are concerned, a major agreement was concluded on 1.7.1968, and this agreement applied throughout the whole year. At the beginning of 1969, wage increases were introduced in accordance with the so- called Liinamaa- agreement; this means that the general 16 penni increase which was applied in other branches, was replaced by a percentage increase for piecework rates of 5.3 percent. Time rates for forest workers increased in accordance with the general 16 penni per hour rise. An agreement based on payment per phase of work and pointing the way to a new wage system was the federation's main collective bargaining concern in 1969. An experimental wage agreement had been concluded at the beginning of July 1968 and been in force for half a year, when the federation decided that the new wage system was unsatisfactory with regard to the development of earnings. Negotiations for a new system started at the beginning of 1969 and by April 10th it had been agreed that the experimental one should be allowed to continue. A closer supervision of earnings on the experimental sites was decided upon, and it was also agreed that inspection by variables should be carried out jointy by representatives of the employers and the employees. On the strength of the decision taken to continue with the experimental agreement, wages in the phase of work agreement were raised by an average of 9.1 percent in the various wage sectors. It is generally recognised that a new wage system for forest workers has to be found, but many obstacles have yet to be overcome before the system can be implemented in its ultimate form. Collective agreements for agricultural and garden workers included the 16 penni increase as applied under the Liinamaa- agreement. In addition, these workers were granted a 3 penni hourly increase to compensate for changes in the cost- of- living index locality classification. Working hours for agricultural workers were shortened in such a way that the forty- hour week in winter was to extend over a period of four months instead of the previous three, and that the number of free saturdays in summer was to go up from four to six. Adult- education programme During the spring of 1969, eight week- end courses were organised to train treasurers for the federation's local branches. Besides dealing with branch finances, these courses looked at the system for collecting membership fees which has developed within the federation. The fees are collected in a postal cheque account, and this system has proved to be satisfactory. 240 branch representatives attended the courses for treasurers. Unemployment benefit society It has already been stated that government measures to improve the employment situation did not take effect before the end of 1969. Consequently, the beginning of the year was a very difficult period for the unemploy144 ment benefit society. In 1969, the sum of 18.1 million mark was paid out in the form of unemployment benefits; four million more, that is, than in 1968. 1970 Membership of 20, the form of antnisgned noi At the end of 1969, the Finnish Federation of Rural Workers had 20,249 members. This figure had gone down to 19,820 by the end of 1970. In the course of 1970, the federation took in about 6,000 new members, but a corresponding amount went over to other federations as a result of their transition from a rural occupation to some other profession. One of the reasons for this shift was the increasing demand for manpower, mainly within the building and metal industries. In 1970, as, indeed, over the past two or three years, quite a number of workers from the North moved to Sweden. This has also affected the number of members in the federation. The above- mentioned figure includes the 1,250 female members of the federation. In the course of 1970, the number of local branches went up to 409. ni sno sritartanoma vlqgs of outer ster dansM Collective bargaining Ever most as bsoubouni ed of new bra noqu besige snew anoitibno vsbilod bevonomi In September 1969, an agreement was reached by the central labour market organisation- the so- called Liinamaa- agreement on the basis of which wages were to go up 18 penni per hour and, in addition to which, each branch was to conclude a seperate agreement for a further one percent increase which they were to dispose of according to their particular needs. - vino to A collective agreement for forest workers was concluded on 31.12.1969. Since wages in this sector are almost always calculated on a piecework basis, the above- mentioned 18 penni increase was replaced by a percentage increase, and the contractual standard rates went up by an average 5.1 percent in the various wage sectors. Since the wages for silvicultural and other workers( who are paid on an hourly basis) tended to lag behind piecework rates to quite a considerable extent, it was decided that in accordance with the federation's proposal, the one percent regulatory margin should be used to adjust time rates. This resulted in time rates going up an additional 20 penni over and above the general 18 penni increase. wolad The collective agreement also improved sickness benefits in such a way that forest workers now benefit from virtually the same treatment as do industrial workers under their agreements. A forest worker is entitled to sickpay after a minimum employment period of six weeks, whereas an industrial worker qualifies after a period of only one month. The agreement also gives shop stewards increased powers for the settlement of labour conflicts and it was decided that provisions governing the activities of shop stewards should be completely revised to correspond to those applied in industry. ibno bi As for the new wage system, it was agreed that the previously introduced experimental system should continue to apply from 1.1.1970 to March 15th of the same year. During the first months of the year, a prolongation of this wage system was negotiated but agreement could not be reached. It was therefore not possible to renew the agreement which is more or less based on the same measurement system as the one applied in Sweden. In some parts of the country, employers tried to apply logging rates which were not in accordance with the agreement. Thanks to the intervention of the federation and the branches it was, however, possible to prevent these non- contractual proceedings. on For agricultural and garden workers( who form the second group for which an agreement was concluded) wages went up by 22 penni per hour. The most remarkable change affecting agricultural workers was that working hours for people who look after livestock were reduced from a maximum of 47 to a maximum of 45 hours per week. An improvement was also made as far as vacations are concerned, because agricultural and garden workers are now entitled to at least one third of their vacation during the summer. Under the law on vacations, the whole vacation may also be given at a time other than between May 2nd and September 30th. s 26 alsv617 Activities of the unemployment benefit society robu.consultni on pivong of bebuloni bisw912 qorie Thanks to the improved employment situation, the sum paid out by the unemployment benefit society attached to the federation in the form of unemployment benefits, was 3.1 million mark less in 1970 than it had been in 1969. The total amount of compensation paid in the course of 1970 was 15,674,000 mark. Members received unemployment benefit for an average of 88 days. boste noitqsoxs vino erb 1971 A szinsp espaw itivita A At the end of 1971, the Finnish Federation of Rural Workers had 21,430 members, 2,531 of whom were women. Since there were only 19,820 members( 1,831 women) at the beginning of the year, it can be seen that the number of members increased by 1,610. This increase was mainly due to a more thorough organisation of employees within the agricultural and garden sector and in the peat industry. The shift from forest and agricultural work to other occupations continued. This was the main reason why there was not a greater increase in the num145 ber of members in the federation. tuo bisq sow ham noillim 1.81 to muz .800 al.raiso ritened inem 1st som noillim quot Collective bargaining over General situation SUOMEN qidadmaM On 4.12.70, the Central Federation of Finnish Employers and the Confederation of Finnish Trade Unions reached an agreement on the general guidelines to be followed in renewing the agreements for the various branches for 1971. The main items in the outline agreement were the following: - - As from the beginning of 1971, there would be a wage increase of 22 penni per hour plus an additional one percent increase, a so- called regulatory margin, the use of which is to be settled in seperate agreements reached within the branches themselves. As from September there was to be a further wage increase of 20 penni. moit T - The agreement was to apply for 15 months, the one in force at present, therefore, expires at the end of art March 1972. Improved holiday conditions were agreed upon and were to be introduced as from 1973. Under this new tello provision, all employees who have held their post for at least on year, are entitled to one month holidays. A decision was also taken to improve the law on unemployment benefit societies. A step in this direction was taken at the beginning of July and the result is that a person who is unemployed has a qualifying period of only five days per year. Forestry agreement com erit The agreements for forest workers concluded at the beginning of 1971 were extremely positive. The wage increase in this sector was about 6 percent higher than in other branches of the wood processing industry. This was partly due to the fact that employers had to admit that wages in the forestry sector were, indeed, lagging behind. The agreement brought greater increases than those granted in other sectors as well as additional improvements, the most important of which are mentioned below. In the South, piecework rates went up by 16.9 percent and in the North by 15.8 percent. The average increase for time rates was 19.5 percent which amounts to a 60 penni rise. Wage increases were enforced in one go Univ for the whole 15- month period of the agreement, and consequently there were no further increases at the beginning of September as was the case for other branches of industry. This had one considerable advantage, namely that the total increase for 15 months was immediately reflected in the wages. bns A totally new vacation system was adopted for the forestry sector, the aim being to improve holiday conditions for forestry workers. The most significant change in the system was that holiday compensation, which used to be paid out at the same time as the wages, is now deposited by the employer in a holiday account at the Post Office bank. The money is then paid out at the beginning of a holiday or, at the latest, on July 7th every year. In 1971, holiday compensations were increased in such a way that they amounted to 7 percent of earnings for an employee who had held his post for less than ten years, and 9 percent for those who had worked for the same employer for over ten years. Vacation pay may be paid out before the actual vacation only in the case of illness lasting more than two months, military service or a move abroad. The provisions govening the status of shop stewards in the forestry agreement were also completely changed by the above- mentioned new agreement. Under the original settlement, a shop steward had to be elected by the workers at the felling place concerned. This meant that shop stewards in smaller or temporary places had virtually no influence. Under the new agreement, a regional system for shop stewards was adopted and provisions were also included to provide compensation for loss of earnings contracted as a result of ones responsibilities or travels as a shop steward. Agreement for agricultural and garden workers homyolganu to mot brit of barloat The agreements concluded in these sectors were structured along the same lines as the one reached by the ed central organisations, the only exception being the introduction of an additional 20-25 penni increase on basic wages. Besic Activities of the unemployment benefit society Because of increased unemployment in the country, the unemployment benefit society which is attached to the federation had to pay more unemployment compensation during the second half of 1971 than it had done in the previous year. This deterioration of the situation on the employment market was due, above all, to restrictive measures for the sale of forest and timber taken by the agricultural producer organisations because of the diver- ow 146 gence of opinions which existed with regard to the price of industrial quality. force Wages AMIT In 1971, the unemployment benefit society paid out a total of 20,429,470'00 in the form of compensation. When the agreement came into force, bag of living index regions. A further to September 1st. BHAJJATEM introd Musas The following table shows the individual hourly us for able- bodied nearest age: Cost- of- living index Percentage( 19) bowelsta Mh assignments region 1 0% 5% 10% 75% Wage- group 1 4.79 5:02 5.24 wage- group 2 4.80 5.04 5.28 5.52 wage- group 3 5.07 5.32 5.58 5.83 wag up 4 5.35 5.02 5.88 6.15 noitseinsg10 100 newy quot visve sono aleem doirlw assignco a'noitabat erit ai nepro pnicism- voiloq Jasrigid onT 866- bolv own nebizungs to gaisaienoo noidnevno sai negro pniem- voiloq tesrigirl arts, co -19bstoupenoo, 2912cdi primalqmi oldianoqas al Baliw evitusex3 erT nadmam vienibro ylatomjagsqqp& r noireisbl090 sdmasribio St Brys191092 biose is bris tai? sanebiasiq own a'noits admus loirw to 00P, 1 andmem 000,0 wage- group 3 5.27 wa 5.58 5.83 Cost- of- 4 Index 5.80 8.10 6.36 ESAF duT bns aqil od 10 moge andrisaloogah, smit smsa orit tp bns admotqs ni behatz 3000 edut bins eqiq art vol.gnining ed evitello -( non A dainn do noise neowied 009 byd bergobe as insmengs ngonizuorbenienco si ga brs asping atsluge c og i armote isipo shoqmi apiqueanga memengenge low as nglaube loorbene bns legaisoov pribegen noizivon viel Sho to sobiq artis so legi aitse overwort Jon 2sw noitesbet 100 sonia oitounen03 ert banioj ew m As from 1.9.1971 XXU or to putout si basanoitenatis spaw od risiw edut bre agid adi ni asevolgraa to quong b 5.07 5.32 group vage- group 3 Ji pritaje ni o qiq ort beitategevar bluoride boot oo noifulgan anoistogen vilionel stiqa bebloys asw toiftnoo nego nA.musamitlu na anoitenebat ayolqms arb eve anoitabat or bas, 10 10taillanos oilduq art, aloves.Loves9 yd ver.2.rt no brawnot ruq insmaltes besogonq region 111 jait art to pinniged alt tagja azi se tret bns ve no bongiz ag doit nomusage svitasHoo adT dbirlw Zepheria di to smoa nonsmesnes og art no baasd ev As from 1.9.1971 sipted 19116 ad 4:05 orsiliondo Ter det! yeM 19the boneq vsq to sapa sitt ni besigs need bed lo nism gniwollot st gnimovog anoizivoy anoitibnoo agy pwr real biton.ed ladshow toas so smit geshow ni aperto a ed of al eerst pigms show indique among basistome jo to sit ni bovolne zi noisiceber 80s bonis set vequorbi agoitsosy newped sonsvben gysb ow? 12ss! to beltiton need griver tus on riquod quooo birhy anoitqumetnegorls 18 matni nesasvotnu bne vis1oqmsT ti aslam dirtwineve 1erio yns 10 saib suten votquined to seso srit ni songtani hot svolgms art to risq -sitogeni To percent. In form of an hourl which plus 40 percent. been dered to be Show su fio yne of sidiazoqmi nemeganem or neowled enoit he now isluge ito yeb's no snob> how Hourly wages for apprentices were: Cost- of- living indo region no auori pnishow lugen ein priob moyl exhow is insyn in eonid to azonbie anoitsosy Isunnstl anuod orz to vsb air ed yllemon bluow raidw yeb s no smiz air to neq show of begildo al art bas aysb pnishow aired aysb pnishow no beilags eno ant as sta orgingvo smaz ory sec third year first year year 4.89 4.76 5.00 4.65 4.47 4.65 bisq ed liedz to ysb airt no bachow show yabnu2 bns eminevo 100= 101 sebivong gels smitivo gritsluple not mataya ari zart beton ed bluorla al 4poitevebet laag er yd y vive noqu babicab al noissoitiazsla xabni ghivil- to- 1300 Beer.or.st no inaamsvog at yd bobs ono orbeilgas nobbtizaslo xebni gnivil- to- 1200 siff St es low as alixhe> bna stlevsinsH to ariquosod arts batay veris ei noitqeoxs vino erT.8801.E.AT no bebnems 4.83 147 FINLAND 70. ytilsup isistaubni to soing art of bispen rittw beraixo raidw anoinigo to sons OS to isto? s juo bisq ytsiooz titened themyofqmenu od rver ol FINLANDS of Finnish EMETALLARBETARnish Trade Unions FÖRBUND R.F. ( Metal workers) ease of 20 penni branches one Organisation The highest policy- making organ is the federation's congress which meets once every four years. Between congresses, the highest policy- making organ is a convention consisting of a president, two vice- presidents and 38 ordinary members. The Executive, which is responsible for implementing practical measures, consists of the federation's two presidents, a first and a second secretary and 12 ordinary members. Our federation has approximately 120,000 members, 1,400 of which are plumbers. ring Report for the Pipe and Tube sector- 1971 Collective bargaining for the pipe and tube sector started in September, and, at the same time, negotiations between the central federations led to the conclusion of the so- called UKK( Urho Kekkonen)-agreement. This agreement was adopted by the FCC( Confederation of Finnish Trade Unions) on December 4th 1970. It provided for important social reforms, it proposed a bill to regulate prices and rents, it contained a housing programme, supplementary provisions regarding vocational and general school education as well as an agreement concerning medical care at the place of work. Since our federation was not, however, satisfied with the wage alterations and the structure of the UKKagreement, we joined the Construction Workers' Federation, the second group of employees in the pipe and tube sector, in rejecting it. ent and conse Despite lengthy negotiations, no solution could be found which would have satisfied the pipe and tube sector, and the federations gave the employer federations an ultimatum. An open conflict was avoided thanks to the proposed settlement put forward on 11.5.1971 by Paavo J. Paavola, the public conciliator. condi The collective agreement which was signed on May 22nd 1971 came into force at the beginning of the first pay period after May 11th 1971. The agreement was based on the 1970 agreement, on some of the changes which had been agreed in the course of negotiations and on the conciliator's proposed compromise. The following main changes were made: Provisions governing working conditions an In If there is to be a change in working time or a lay- off, workers shall be notified at least two weeks before the decision is enforced. In the case of temporary and unforeseen interruptions of work, the employees may, after having been notified at least two days in advance, be given vacations without pay for the period of interruption. Temporary and unforeseen interruptions are those interruptions which occur through no fault on the part of the employer; for instance, in the case of bankruptcy, a natural disaster or any other event which makes it impossible to carry out the work to be done. All interruptions and lay- offs should be made the subject of negotiations between the management and the shop stewards. Regular working hours Work done on a day off. If annual vacations, sickness or business trips prevent a worker from doing his regular working hours on working days and he is obliged to work part of this time on a day which would normally be his day off, the hours worked on this day off shall be paid at the same overtime rate as the one applied on working days. Overtime and Sunday work asic It should be noted that the system for calculating overtime also provides for a correction percentage which is decided upon every year by the central federations. Cost- of- living index classification The cost- of- living index classification applied is the one adopted by the government on 12.10.1967 and amended on 14.3.1968. The only exception is that Nystad, the boroughs of Harjavalta and Karkkila as well as to in 148 er.e.r Saloinen, belong to cost- of- living index region II. This does not, however, justify a wage increase at entry into force of the system, if wages already correspond to the standards set for cost- of- living index region II. Wages 88.A I noigs xebni oniv onivil- to- 1200 When the agreement came into force, basic hourly rates went up by 73 penni for all wage- groups and costof- living index regions. A further 20 penni increase was also introduced as from the start of the pay period nearest to September 1st. Ter.e. mont A educational activities The following table shows the individual hourly wages for able- bodied workers of at least 18 years of age: Responsibilit xebni privil- to- 1200 to- 1200 Cost- of- living index 88.A Il no region I Percentage increase for certain assignments 0% regular 5% release 10% 15% Wage- group 1 wage- group 2 4.56 one 4.80 4.79 in the wollot wollot as qu 5.02 5.04 75 5.28 wage- group 3 5.07 00. 5.32 $ 5.58 wage- group 4 5.35 5.62 5.88 ni As from 1.9.1971 wage- group 1 4.76 5.00 5.24 wage- group 2 5.00 5.25 5.50 5.47 5.75 Bwage- group 3 5.27 5.53 5.80 2190 m 6.06 wage- group 4 5.55 5.83 6.10 6.38 qu new swolls ylied 5.24 5.52= 0+ 0.8 9161 wol srit 5.83- to- 1200 ni asonswolls ylied 6.15 iga xebni privil- to- 1200 107 91 26W Jnemele gniwollot erT tystaubni istem ent Evoline HT called herto no as flow as bonds egit et veel sexolament for Cost- of- living index bieq sis sonswoll soriswolle ylis S Inam region II Wage- group 1 1969 4.40 4.62 4.84 5.06 bensanos vitu ar to Inuo Wage- group 2 4.63 54.86 5.09 5.32 reld wage- group 3 of 4.87 5.11 5.36 5.60 wage- group 4 5.16 5.42 5.68 5.93 from As from 1.9.1971 ed lleria nemesis 9819 eldin ( b wage- group 1 4.60 4.83 5.06 5.29 rep wage- group 2 4.83 5.07 5.31 5.55 dosen wage- group 3 5.07 5.32 5.58 5.83 wage- group 4 5.36 5.63 5.90 6.16 abiatu zeinuo 30d seso nelusineq ( s Maj Cost- of- living index 21200 lls 19vo -bivoregion III sem 816 293nswolle benoitnem- evode erT ni bieg od llarla agind azeniaud 10] 2006W 3 befoWage- group 1 4.24 4.45 4.66 4.88 wage- group 270 4.45 4.67 4.89 5.12ed by 2 percent. neda Wo wage- group 3 4.71 4.95 5.18 5.42 by ewage- group 4 4.95 5.20 5.44 5.69 q innaq Tasvi9091,> how As from 1.9.1971 .rter wage- group 1 4.44 4.66 4.88 5.11 veq- biz Wage- group 2 4.65 4.88 force at th 5.11 sones wage- group 3 4.91 5.16 26 onw becau 5.35 From the workers and qms yas 2ysq gevolging on de union 5.40 5.65 mum wage- group 4 ebnistxe5.15 5.41 5.66 out 5.92 sub saneads 10 229mill to vso bint ational colle lliw bas A worker who does time work, receives a total hourly wage consisting of his individual hourly rate plus 20 percent. In all wage- groups, the percentage per assignment is paid on the total amount. Work at the building site for which no price has been fixed, is considered to be timework and is paid in the form of an hourly wage plus 40 percent. ube Hourly wages for apprentices were: Cost- of- living index region " I oinU ||| 4.40 eayolan4.24 4.80mit 4.89 4.05 Ido yistili.47 anommuz 101 noitsaneqmo nisam nebo aysbrihid 200 bns 108 sb ow! searts to rose no ni 4.63 ever 4.45 oleme of bisq vino al aurod 4.65 S First year huod opsievs srit of pnibnog 4.56 second year .2169y not 125 enomthird year yeb edit not spew sad llut sevisos es volqms bainsm& Jai19291 5 26 soivisa yistilim ni taqa smit 10 .espew air to abi 4.76 zavis0914.60 beimsmm 4.44 nemmevog srls most arep or Venos fro As from 1.9.1971 first year second year 5.00 third year 5.09 oals themsengs et er over.st.8 no enoits 4.83 le 4.65 4.85 rb neowted bebulonos zinemA 4.67 themse106 erit driw eonsbios al 149 Since entry into force of the agreement, the piecework coefficient has gone up by 7.5 percent, and, as from 1.9.1971, by a further 3 percent: to sonot Cost- of- living index region I Cost- of- living index region II 4.68 906W Cost- of- living index region III As from 1.9.1971 4.50 4.29 Inew Cost- of- living index region I 4.82 4.82d- elds not Cost- of- living index region II 4.63 Cost- of- living index region III 4.42 Daily allowances went up as follows: The low rate 3.20+ 50= 3.70 mk 201 $ 0.2 gled sono orni smo inmenge arts noriW jana DS artnut Aanolgan xabril privil- to dal 19dmetq92 subivibni orb aworks older gniwollot st xabni gnivil- to- 1200 I noige I quoip- sosW 08.A Daily allowances in cost- of- living index regions I and II 20.50+2.00= 22.50 mk For cost- of- living index region III 18.50+2.00= 20.50 mk The following settlement was reached for daily allowances abroad, and it is the same as the one applied in the metal industry: 1. The employer and the employee shall reach an agreement on wage conditions for work done on business trips abroad as well as on other financial matters connected to the assignement. This should be done before the employee leaves for his travels. 01.8 € 8.8 28.3 2. Daily allowances are paid as follows: xabni 200 a) For Sweden and the other Scandinavian countries: the daily allowance provided for in the works agreement of the country concerned. Urho b) For other countries in Western Europe with a freely convertible currency, the allowance shall be an amount corresponding to 14 US dollars. c) 으으 For the Soviet Union: 10 roubles and free lodging. xer.e.r 2A d) For other European countries in which the currency is not freely convertible: a seperate agreement shall be reached in each particular case, but the minimum is 4 US dollars plus free board and lodging. e) Countries outside Europe with a freely convertible currency: a seperate agreement shall be reached in each particular case, but point b) is to be used as a guideline. 3. The above- mentioned allowances are meant to cover all costs abroad. Wages for business trips shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of the collective agreement, provided they are not in contradiction with the legal regulations in force in the country concerned. Foreman's bonus A plumber who, on the building site, acts as foreman for the team with which he is doing pipe installation work, receives 57 penni per hour as from entry into force of the agreement, and 60 penni per hour as from 1.9. 1971. A Sick- pay The employer pays any employee who has spent at least one month in his service, full wages as from the third day of illness or absence due to an accident. The employee has to produce a certificate justifying his absence and will then receive sick- pay for a maximum of 14 days. If the period of sick- leave extends beyong the maximum period provided for in the law on health insurance, the employer is also bound to pay wages for the two qualifying days. In an agreement between the Finnish Employers' Confederation and the Confederation of Finnish Trade Unions, the two qualifying days mentioned above were reduced to one as from 1.1.1971. yhuongs to mot Other compensation 1. 50th and 60th birthdays. yhuoH on 2. 3. On each of these two days, the employee receives a wage corresponding to the average hourly rate. This bonus is only paid to employees who have been in the firm for at least ten years. Compensation for summons to military obligations. The employer pays a wage for the day of the summons. For time spent in military service as a reservist, a married employee receives full wages on top of the money he gets from the government, an unmarried one receives two thirds of his wages. ravit Agreements concluded between the central federations 00.a. esy birt In accordance with the agreement reached by the central federations on 8.12.1970, the 1971 agreement also 150 net income going to wages: ФИАЛИН includes provisions concerning: off- time accidents working time during weeks with holidays time- checks etc. health service at the place of work additional responsibilities for shop stewards измоиг educational activities Y.A Responsibilities of shop stewards ( 219) lowbooW) rkers Shop stewards benefit from regular work- release so that they are able to perform their duties. The period of release depends on the number of employees in the firm: As O field are 10-45 one hour 46-75 two hours the 76-105 three hours 106-140 four hours of 141-175 five hours 176-205 six hours 206-240 seven hours 241-275 eight hours 276-305 nine hours trudiwarb to etc. ould be noted that ing the salaries cer- a8er boine art gib bris espew les soitsusault ads of beteler viszolo ens verb sausoed oels tud abi ste privil Disputes concerning parts of the collective agreement and piece- work rates which the federation was called upon to settle, were dealt with in 48 paragraphs. 0.63 During the year under review, our federation sued the Federation of Plumbing Employers over a supplement for" old houses". The outcome was not in our favour. vid bed er Other changes in piework rates took the form of new hospital and laboratory supplements which are now on a par with Swedish prices for 1969-1971. The employment situation was satisfactory during the year under review, although, in some places, there was a reasonable amount of periodic unemployment. Six installation engineers represented the pipe and tube sector at our federation congress which was held from 9. to 12.12.1971. bub At the federation's youth meeting, which was held in Tyrväntö from 22. to 28.8.1971, our federation was represented by Markku Virta from Åbo and Arto Salo from Helsinki. Aimo Heikkinen has continued to act as representative for the pipe and tube sector. vidguessbuloni am Major developments in the industry come a Both during the first and second quarter of 1971, building production was greater than it had been the year before. During the second half of the year, however, there was less activity in this field than there had been at the same period in 1970. The number of square metres constructed in 1971 dropped by 2 percent. In 1971, the number of unemployed in the building sector increased by 6 percent, whereas the number of vacant postst dropped by 31 percent. This year, however, is likely to see increased activities in the building sector. 1966 Labour legislation 0.35 re.e QS.A OTA ET.8 86.01 8301 gaer OTBT A new law on labour contracts came into force at the beginning of 1971. From the workers' and trade union movement's point of view, it marked a considerable improvement, because it contains the obligation for non- organised employers to respect the wage and working conditions set out in the national collective agreement. Vocational training 966 art TET raer 8321 We do not yet have a teaching programme for the pipe and tube sector, but the vocational training board is preparing one. Part of the training is dispensed in general vocational training centres, which produce 400 leavers every year. 60 percent of these youngsters go into the pipe and tube sector. sd wort seg sm Mechanical Wood- pr xonqqs vd naain over shoq emez srl gnitub gasoo1q- boow isoinerloin ni asoinq adt zA ongqs yd sidst srit yd batsoibni as beesemoni asri ysivitoub vd besoni sved aggow leon saris oz ansoneg 0 yd onivil to 1200 signs insored 8 yd quago ever word maq as sows heen betrismus zar- segatreoneq ni betnuca- ytivitoubong' show orit ser anser airT noneq S Thus the pment of income per working hou wo that in industry whole. The The average wages per hour in the former have risen so blupra aidoxer ni bean ine วาย Hbum xhe sideilen viisto apitziet over bns eers Against this backgroun und events to course ni listeb s 2A sbianoo ton ob ew as anoit is riw neler ed aveworl taken the follow MARA toblo 2951 207 workoni to noisudirib ori awollot as beqolsvab asri noinoq air sloriw's as gniazsoonq- boow 151 FINLAND 4.68 4.50 4.29 SUOMEN PUULIITTO R.Y. 1 qo ( Woodworkers) 4.83 explasbulorin arnebios smit- tto ayabilori ritiw alsow gnitub smit nishow 09 zxperlo- smis how to sosia ad 16 epivisa dzied ore not esitilidianoque isnoiibbs esitivizos isnotsoubs abrawatz gore to asiilidianoq29A och 15 oz sessien- show slugsa mont titened abrowesa gor2 sitt ni zasvolgens to sdmun sitt no abraqob sassle to boheq T quod ow worl sno at-34 2-01 : 301-8 Wages, productivity and the portion of the net income going to wages in mechanical wood- processing during the period 1966-1970 Real wages and productivity are of interest not only as reflectors of general progress and the wage earners' living standards, but also because they are closely related to the fluctuations in the distribution of income. It could be said that the wage earners' share of the net income increases if their real wages grow more rapidly than productivity and vice versa. By real wages we mean the purchasing power of the monetary or nominal wages. The fluctuations of real wages are usually described by the wage rate divided by the cost of living index. By increased productivity we mean a quantitative rise of the number of goods produced per capita input. It can be determined by dividing the Ent value added( which in industrial statistics is nearly the same as the net income) by the price index in the field, and by dividing the thus obtained figure by the input number. As we are here mainly interested in the workers' productivity, we have used the number of working hours as the input number. unt 26W As it is the purpose of this report to compare wage development in mechanical wood- processing with the development of productivity and net income of the same, we must, for coverage reasons, use industrial statistics even for wages. Thus the wage figures in this report cannot be directly compared with the figures of the previous report which were drawn from wage statistics. The wage figures in the previous report did not include separately paid holiday pay for special holidays. Further, it should be mentioned that the wage statistics for sawmills and veneer factories do not include special subsidies, and that these figures include salaries as well as actual production workers' wages. Before giving the actual figures it should be mentioned that the net income includes roughly the total income less deductions i.e. wages, salaries, rents, interests, profits and amortisations. 1ojeM Year The first table describes mechanical wood- processing as a whole( industrial statistics, fields 25 and 26): Net income/ working hours( F.mk.) Workers' wages/ working hours( F.mk.) noted 2919 yd be 1966 6.00 3.23 1967 6.94 3.58 A 1968 8.73 3.91 1969 10.36 4.29 aleipel quoda 1970 10.46 4.70 lo priinniped ads 26 90107 of em updel no wel wen A Productivity Real wages 6m 11 Wei to mog 1966 100 100 sence ximum 1967 116 105 1968 131 106 19690 1970 142 139 113 jud 101st edut bris egia srl not 121 onidosat a overl toy ton ob sW The net income per hour has thus increased during the investigation period by approximately 74 percent. As the prices in mechanical wood- processing during the same period have risen by approximately 25 percent, productivity has increased as indicated by the table by approximately 39 percent. Meanwhile workers' average wages per hour have gone up by 46 percent and the cost of living by 20 percent, so that real wages have increased by 21 percent. This means that the workers' productivity- counted in percentages- has augmented nearly twice as much as their real wages. imons to military obligations. The employer pays a wage for the da As a detail in the above figures we particularly remark that productivity decreased in 1970. This should, however, be taken with certain reservations, as we do not consider the 1969 and 1970 statistics totally reliable. For lack of detailed price statistics we had to take recourse to a nicer division- we have tried to illustrate the distribution of income by the development of the portion of the net income going to wages. In mechanical wood- processing as a whole this portion has developed as follows: also 152 190 The development of the share of the net income going to wages: fag Year endonis Workers' wages/ net income 1966 0.54 198625 1967 0.52 hou 1968 0.45 boths bet 1969 1970 0.41 0.45 priassoon- boow isoinsroom of inioq airt bris The share represented by workers' wages has thus been decreasing until 1969, taking an upward turn only in the final year of the investigation period, even then remaining below the 1966 percentage. There are naturally many factors influencing the distribution of the net income. As reliable statistics in the field are not available, we must confine ourselves to a few general observations. First of all it should be noted that the share representing wages and salaries together need not have diminished, as the share representing the salaries of the general staff may increase considerably, while that representing the workers' wages decreases. This, however, is not the case in mechanical wood- processing as is shown by the following figures: Taer Year SACSalaries/ net income 1966 1967 28.03 0.12 0.11 29.2 SEA ST. 0.66 Wages/ and salaries together/ net income 8801 10. PO.IT over 0.63 od remolarini inne v1968 oisq sr 0.10ub stom besoni asd aq 196990 19 1970 0.11 0.09 0.55 19q smoonian art vidzubni nishow- boownl 88 yd 0.50w s as gniezsoong- boow Isoinsroom ni nerit noirspit 0.54 nimib.asd A The above figures show that also the share of the net income representing salaries has diminished in mechanical wood- processing. As can be seen from the right hand side column, the case is the same for salaries and wages together. When trying to find reasons for this fluctuation, we discovered that the capital input in production is also an important factor. It can be expected that increased capital input entails a decrease in the workers' share of the net income. This explains the divergencies in the share representing wages and salaries of differently employed groups in mechanical wood- processing. It should be noted, however, that this is not a valid argument from the historical point of view in Finnish economy. Inspite of the increased capital input over a longer period, the share representing wages and salaries has remained largely the same. AS.B It seems that in mechanical wood- processing increased capital input does not explain the decreasing share representing workers' wages during the period of investigation. The short term changes in the distribution of income are a more likely explanation. 80.S over The development in mechanical wood- processing is far from being unusual, as is shown by the following figures concerning industry as a whole: 28.0 Year Workers' wages in industry as a whole/ net income of total industry 93.0 TBET 1966 0.36 € 4.0 1967 0.35 88.0 1968 0.32 22.0 eaer over esd 1969 0.30 to sas orft teri seve1 291pit evode or 1970 0.31 For comparison the development can be divided into factors as follows: From com tigation lim prinsig bha- all om vid Fluctuation( percent) 1970/1966 edzinimibasd net income/ working hours Prices Productivity Average wages per hour sha Industry as a whole Mechanical 74 36 0.8 28 49 gaer 44.C 88.0 raet Organ $ 8.8 98.8 wood- processing 74 25 39 46 esa E8.01 2021 Thus the development of net income per working hour in mechanical wood- processing has been similar to that in industry as a whole. The average wages per hour in the former have risen somewhat faster. Prices have increased at a slower pace and productivity at a somewhat faster one than in industry as a whole. Against this background events seem to have taken the following course: The development of wages in mechanical wood- processing has followed the general trend in industry, which has been too slow for the share of workers' wages of the net income in mechanical wood- processing to remain the same or increase. over 153 In overall national economy wages try to keep up with the fluctuations in prices and productivity( i.e. net income per worker, value added). Even in national economy the short term development of net income and wages may differ considerably. Therefore it is all the more difficult for the wages of individual fields of activity to keep up with the fluctuations of the net income. Thus the following material illustrates that wages have not increased faster in the fields where the net income has advanced at the quickest pace. 88er The figures also account for fields affiliated to mechanical wood- processing. As has been stated above, at this point it was no longer possible to determine the development of productivity. BA.0 over For wood- working industry( i.e. field 25 of industrial statistics including sawmills, planing mills, board and box factories, wood- impregnation plants, chipboard factories and frame house factories) we found the following figures: Year net income/ working hours( F.mk.) workers' wages/ working hours( F.mk.) workers' wages/ bleit net income 1966 5.92 3.26 0.55 art ort to during the 1967 6.77 3.57 0.53 on al nove Rex1968 9.31 5.95 0.42 1969 11.07 4.32 0.39 1970 11.04 4.72 0.43 9.0 taer In wood- working industry the net income per working hour has increased more during the period of investigation than in mechanical wood- processing as a whole- by 86 percent in the former and by 74 percent in the latter. As average wages per hour have risen by approximately the same amount in the two, the share of the net income representing workers' wages has diminished more in wood- working industry than in mechanical wood- processing as a whole. But here, too, there was an upward trend in 1970. In wood- working industry there were separate figures for sawmills and planing mills( fields 2411-2513 in industrial statistics), veneer factories( field 2523) and chipboard factories( 2527). The following figures illustrate the development in sawmills and planing mills: gmins Year net income/ working hours( F.mk.) workers' wages/ working hours( F.mk.) quone 1966 5.12 3.32 1967 6.24 3.68 tion 1968 9.53 4.06 the 1969 11.62 4.39 1970 12.08 4.68 mbly pnitineconger 16 smoo workers' wages/ net income 1966 0.65 vaubni primsono augi 3.23 1967 0.59 ubni lator to emooni rentelorwa ubni ni 180Y 1968 0.43 3.91 08.0 aaer 1969 10.0.38 4.29 88.0 raer 1970 0.39 4.70 SE.0 8801 The above figures reveal that the increase of net income per working hour in sawmills and planing mills has been extraordinary( 136 percent), while workers' wages have risen somewhat slower than in mechanical woodprocessing and wood- working industry as a whole. This means that the share of the net income representing workers' wages has diminished appreciably more in sawmills and planing mills. The following figures account for the corresponding development in veneer factories: Year workers' wages/ net income/ working hours( F.mk.) working hours( F.mk.) As 1966 6.46 3.20 1967 6.89 3.44 per 1968 8.69 3.82 21 parc 1969 10.33 4.29 as much 1970 9.03 workers' wages/ net income not aris boow leoinerlos 4.82 Teq ema tnamqolaveb erit aurit Talodws 26 virzubni ni tart 1966 0.50 1967 0.50 buong losd airt taniegA 1968 0.44 the 1969 0.42 wo 1970 0.53 SHY ollows: boow binado sw are 154 that Granted that the predictions for 1969 and 1970 in industrial statistics can be relied upon, wages in veneer factories have during the investigation period risen more( by 51 percent) than the net income per working hour ( by 40 percent). Consequently the share of the net income representing workers' wages was larger in 1970 than in 1966. This seems partly due to the relatively rapid rate of pay raises, and partly to the weak growth of the net income per working hour. The latter can be explained either by the small increase in productivity or in prices, or by both. € 98.01 As the last item in wood- working industry came the corresponding figures for chipboard factories: Year net income/ working hours( F.mk.) em 1966 14.56 1967 14.92 1968 19.30 1969 22.78 1970 20.95 bos the workers' wages/ working hours( F.mk.) 3.40 3.78 4.30 4.69 5.33 MA edT aubert ow to TS no inamssige art bengiz anoiteainego tesham workers' wages/ net income tammeve no llid e vitnsupan women noeesusto art 10 insbl011 od vd beiden vilenit brs Insu slbab bris 1966 to 0.23 1967 0.25 wogm 1968 0.22 1969 0.21 1970 0.25 herto bns and bne moo atnesasoing red tneem lostno- eping soon to noite us erit juodziw to The same is true for chipboard factories as for veneer factories: wages per working hour have during the period of investigation increased a little more rapidly than the net income per working hour. Investigations were made also in the second prominent branch in mechanical wood- processing- furniture and sash- and- door industry( field 26 in industrial statistics). ⚫ go In furniture and sash- and- door industry the following figures were obtained: Year net income/ workers' wages/ Incr working hours( F.mk.) expof working hours( F.mk.) 1966 6.21 3.16 nob ngs 1967 7.37 3.62 1968 7.25 3.81 1969 8.54 4.20 1970 8.96 4.64 bangla brs eris doidw to speɔlosq lsloos a benisinoo oot noinu 180 veq triw aysbilor not leeb sed The workers' wages/ net income 1966 0.51 In 1967 0.49 01 noit 1968 0.53 1969 od of 0.49 1970 0.52 anoinu evitos arit vd nog noqu eqesinnoq S ▷ yd rter gnhub bezien ed esgow brit jerit befogue artis to nigh freoneq Sa privealedmarge? to pri to As can be seen from the above figures, the wages per working hour have risen at approximately the same pace as the net income per working hour. There have been relatively small fluctuations both up and down in the share of the net income representing workers' wages. From the above investigation it can therefore be concluded that the diminishing of the share of the net income representing workers' wages in mechanical wood- processing is mainly due to the unfavourable figures obtained in wood- working industry- and even there primarily in sawmills and planing mills. In all other fields this share has changed very little during the period of investigation, and has even increased. Organisation 2,25 arit to anoiteainego lenne arts new Seppo Kykkänen I no now Ster donsM llevo na Ster doim St no upseno Stef not bouot ad of anoitulos no Puuliitto r.y.( Finnish Woodworkers' Union) is a member of the Finnish Trades Union Congress. Member of the IFBWW from the beginning of 1968. The highest decision- making authority is the Union Assembly held every fourth year. During the time between each Assembly the Managing Committee has the highest decision- making power. The Executive Committee is in charge of all practical questions. The Executive Committee consists of the chairman and the secretary, respectively appointed by the Assembly, and fourteen other members. 155 The evolution of membership: Year 1968 1969 1970 1971 Women Men Total dalingost d) 5,966 12,114 18,080 ber 6,882 14,968 21,850 Tuod gnishow mo 10,210 10,863 18,795 29,005 tod 20,190 31,053 The development of collective bargaining and the terms of work and wages ( and So- called package solutions have been characteristic of Finnish economy during the past few years. With the trades union movement as one party, these solutions have been the basis for pay raises in the agreements on terms of work. In the spring of 1968 negotiations were held between the different wage groups under the direction of Mr. Liinamaa, the industrial referee, which led to an agreement signed by twelve of the foremost unions. The labour market organisations signed the agreement on 27 March 1968. Among others, the agreement contained some clauses on government power. Consequently a bill on government power was presented to the Parliament, passed and declared urgent, and finally ratified by the President of the Republic on 9 April. The purpose of the bill was to secure economic growth during the years 1968 and 1969, and therefore empower the Government to discontinue control of prices, rents, wages and various other payments as well as index confinement systems. In practice price- control meant that prices, rents, commissions and other payments were not to be raised without the authorisation of the Cabinet or its ad hoc Price- and Wage- Committee; with the exception, however, of agricultural products on which price increases had been separately agreed upon. It was further agreed that pricecontrol should be extensive and supervised in collaboration with industrial and commercial authorities. In practice it is the Price Division of the Price and Wage Committee that is in charge of these questions. It is assisted by the Price Department of the ministry of social affairs where the trades union movement is represented. benistdo se bos As for wage control, the agreement implied a wage increase of 16 pennies per hour during 1969. The agreement also included a social package which provided improvements on workers' pensions benefits, a law on disability pensions, improvements on the unemployment insurance system, and a workers' holiday accident insurance to be paid by the employer. Our union agreed with the above points and on this basis signed an agreement on the terms of work for 1969. neer The terms of work for 1970 were to be a follow- up of the previous agreement, entailing a pay raise of 18 pennies per hour and an additional 1 percent margin for each union to agree upon separately. This agreement, too, contained a social package of which the main achievements were the establishing of a severance pay and a better deal for holidays with pay. Our union agreed with the above and signed the terms of work for 1970 accordingly. The 1971 terms of work were founded on an unusual basis. When negotiations between the central organisations of the labour market had come to a dead end, the president of the Republic came with a mediating proposal; he suggested that the wages be raised during 1971 by 42 pennies per hour in two lots- 22 p. in the beginning of the year and 20 p. in the beginning of September, leaving a 2 percent margin of the total wages to be used as separately agreed upon by the respective unions. $ 3.0 over The president's proposal contained a remarkable social package as well as a proposal for a law on minimum wages. The SAK( the Finnish Trades Union Congress) Managing and Executive committees accepted this solution on 4 December 1970, giving the unions the possibility of withdrawing from the above contract within 14 days. After very much weighing back and forth our union withdrew, but signed part of the agreement so that the pay raises were enforced. Consequently wages were raised by 32 p. in the beginning of the year, and by 20 p. per hour on 1 September. Our union further agreed on higher minimum wages and structural improvements in the terms of work. Our union also accepted the social package contained in the overall solution. All the agreements for 1971 were in accordance with UKK recommendations as regards duration- i.e. 15 months- and thus expired on 31 March 1972. enbria ep10 On 18 March 1972 an overall agreement was made between the central organisations of the labour market on solutions to be found for 1972. Consequently wages will be raised by 25 p. per hour, leaving a margin of 3 percent to be used as best seen fit by the respective unions. The agreement further contains a social package with a value of 0,8 percent and a return- from- holiday pay consisting of 10 percent of the holiday pay itself. It is not yet clear whether the above agreement will be accepted as such, but most likely there will only be slight modifications to its present form. immo As a result of the price controls the cost of living index has risen relatively little, except during 1971. The so- called" score tax" imposed by the government to diminish the foreign trade deficit, and the decision of the miedo Bank of Finland to raise the interest rate 1 percent in the spring of 1971 account for the price increases during 156 that year. slugs as flow 28 at200 priniet zavitetne eno se ayoq yolg The development of the cost of living index: Year .noinu en toemevoM noinU aobs1T 6rit yd bezingo 2000 Telemevom Rise as compared to the previous Index number 28 nove nayolgme -ssilanoits ebortemis onimisanoa enolaup no December 1968 December 1969 December 1970 year point doua December 1971 2 in 215 naqqs no wel vis 218 w bisbaste ririw gni 225 245 5.6 percent 1.7 percent LIT ( W 3.2 percent 8.7 percent to promA toise bris noit -100 The working hours in the fields covered by these agreements are 40 hours per week and 8 hours daily. Persons who have been employed for at least ten years are entitled to annual holidays with pay to be taken between 2 May and 31 September- a minimum of 2 days a month and 25 days a year. Persons who have been employed for less than ten years are entitled to 1 1/2 days per month. The law on annual holidays with pay is going to be changed before the 1973 holidays so that anyone who has been employed for more than a year is entitled to 1 month's holidays with pay. noo? anoin noqu For the terms of work in our field it has been agreed that persons who have been employed for more than six months are entitled to 14 days' sick- leave with pay. According to law workers are entitled to a daily pay of 1,5 per mille of their daily wages of the previous year after seven days of sickness. Industrial development The growth rate of industrial production improved considerably toward the end on of 1968. In addition to higher export demand the demand for investment goods stimulated growth. The demand for consumers' goods, too, moved upward. In the course of 1968 industrial output increased by 10 percent. Such figures were last recorded in the beginning of the 60s. As a result of the soaring output industrial productivity i.e. production per capita input, too, augmented by a good 5 percent. Toward the end of 1970 the growth rate slowed down as compared to the previous year, and the number of orders dropped somewhat. The year as a whole, however, was good and overall industrial output increased by 9 percent. 1971 was considerably weaker than the two years that preceded it. A downward trend in exports entailed diminished production. The export of chemical wood- processing products plummeted, whereas that of mechanical wood- processing products remained largely unchanged. Exports increased and prices rose somewhat. Disputes on transport prices between the processors and the forest owners resulted in a shortage of raw material in veneer industry. In 1971 industrial output increased by 4 percent and the output in mechanical wood- processing( our field of activity) by 6.3 percent. The situation on the labour market dard and real Unemployment- partly structural- is a permanent phenomenon in Finland. Unemployment varies according to the business trend. The varying unemployment rate: goti Year Unemployment( percent) 1968 4 1969 1970 2.8 1.9 197 The unemployment rate is revealed by the amount of subsidies paid by the Woodworkers' Unemployment Fund which works in collaboration with us. Year Subsidies in F.mk. continued. to and ion since 1968 quently 2,159,726.Nevert 1969 play 1970 1971 ima 2,681,604,- tion 1,845,654,- whic2,297,241,- considerably more than the average the unemployment rate went down to 1.9 is considered to full thus lower As a ne Labour laws percent and wholesale prices The foremost achievements of labour legislation are the law on minimum wages according national agreements on terms of work, and the new Work Contract Act of 1 January 1971; the latter being a great step forward. the year. Vocational training are The bran Without entering into the details of vocational training, one accomplishment of the Finnish Trades Union Movement should be mentioned: In connection with the general agreements for 1971 it was decided that the em-cal 157 ployer pays the workers' representatives' training costs as well as regular wages for working hours lost at certain courses organised by the Trades Union Movement. In the 1972 agreement between central labour market organisations these rights were extended so that workers now have many training opportunities of which all costs as well as working hours lost are paid by the employer- even as regards the chairman of the trade union. Among other things such training is intended to instruct on questions concerning time, methods, rationalization and safety in the workplace. In our country we have a relatively new law on apprenticeship which enables workers and apprentices to receive practical, on- the- spot vocational training with standard wages. edmacs Comments The future of Finnish economy depends to a great extent on its relations with the EEC. It is a highly controversial and much- discussed question. Even within our union there is a hitherto unresolved question. A split in the trade union movement has led to the creation of two separate unions in our field. The central organisations were reunited already in 1969, and at an extraordinary SAK( The Finnish Trades Union Congress)-meeting held the same year the representatives agreed upon a draft- resolution concerning the respective trade unions. Soon thereafter the SAK Executive Committee, followed by the SAK- meeting of ten representatives in 1972, came with a detailed proposal which our union, however, for independent reasons has failed to enact. dnom xia To silim 19q Price yd bns foo. contained a social pa which the main deal for holidays with Our union agreed above and broppe tions al; labour The with UKK recomm On 18- March- 1972 an overall ag on solutions to be found for 1972. Consequen cent 158 aubni , 001 erit ni bebioo A sq@ boog s hoqxs doubong gn boow isoinsdom to tert 42 rcent margin of the 8.S well as a proposal e La. 15 WST boow 1970 accordno noitnutie ont velgmenth at gni exhow rbirtw bouq etween een the central organ raised by 25 p. per rfer abour market w3ads. tions IsnoitsooV OHP evoM price increases during thi FINLAND smissed the cordance with the efore not va SUOMEN hotnU bulo Ter spl PUUNJALOSTUSTEOLLISUUSbensasion airs themqolevabimo TYÖNTEKIJÄIN ad monet to airit breasey zuoivsiq driw bensqmoo as nois LIITON ubi ni sens 1090 T.8801 sonia noiz Organisation Executive Committee: President ( Wood- processing) Eero Lilja basmathhi gose of ever betast honi noit led ticular exan vice- president secretary secretary for wage matters a list of its member organising secretary Vilho Hiltunen Pirkko Meriluoto Sakari Tusa Jaakko Käyhkö were, bIncluding the above- mentioned persons, the federation has ten trade union representatives. On Sept September 4th Employment and wages 1969: SE Ow eaet The improved economic situation at the end of 1968 marked a turning- point in business trends. This period of growth, which was triggered off by an increase in exports, could be seen in more branches of the economy, perhaps, than had been expected. According to estimates, overall production increased by 8 percent, but this increase was offset by the 1966-1968 recession period during which losses had swallowed up the growth rate for practically one whole year. This loss will be noticeable in all spheres of the economy for a long time to come. In 1969, the rate of unemployment was about 2.8 percent, in 1968 it had been approximately 4 percent. As a result of the above- mentioned economic recession period, unemployment was still widespread during the first quarter of 1969( 93,000 unemployed) and at the most critical point, there were as many as 115,000 unemployed. Nominal wages increased by 8 percent, and real wages- because of the stable level of prices- by 5 percent. In 1968, these figures were 11 and 2 percent, so that in spite of a slower wage increase, the wage- earners saw their standard of living go up. Raun ino. Wage negotiations and collective bargaining had already started the year before, at the same time as the negotiations for a stabilisation of the country's economic situation. As far as the main branches represented in the federation are concerned, collective agreements were signed on December 8th 1968, and these agreements were concluded along the same lines as the stabilisation agreement: a general 18 penni increase in time rates plus the decision to set aside 1 percent of the total amount of wages in the branch concerned to be used to increase the wages of the low- wage groups by a higher rate than the one provided for in the general agreement. 1970: no noint no bezad njoj os dois bris oim The business boom which had started the year before, continued. The growth rate was already beginning to slow down, a fact which was only natural since production capacity in just about every field was exhausted and since, consequently, there was an increasing shortage of growth potential. Nevertheless, the overall production of growth was estimated at 6.5 percent, which is considerably more than the average rate for the 1960ies. The em- oit ployment situation started to improve, and the unemployment rate went down to 1.9 percent. It was thus lower than 2 percent which, in international terms, is considered to be full employment. of yewbeer insioittue ebsm ber As a result of the 1970 income policy agreement, the level of prices was stable. The cost of living had gone up by an average of 2.7 percent and wholesale prices by an average of 4.2 percent as compared to the previous year. It should be mentioned that proportionally speaking, unemployment increased more during the last quarter of 1970 than it had done over the previous two years. The situation did not, however, deteriorate at the end of the year. According to estimates, nominal wages went up 11 percent as compared to the year before, and real wages increased more or less on a par with production. There were collective agreements in force for all the branches represented in the federation. Discussions for the next period of agreement started already in March, nom and the federation contracts were revoked on October 30th 1970. In December 1970, the SAK- FFC( Confederation of Finnish Trade Unions) representative accepted the so- called UKK( Urho Kekkonen) agreement as a cen159 tralised settlement, and, after this, it was hoped that wage negotiations would come to an end as soon as possible. Unfortunately, however, the tactics of the communist dominated woodworkers'union made it impossible to conclude wage settlements for the wood sector before the end of 1970. 1971: well rationaliza The total production volume- the sum of all material production and services- only increased by one percent in the course of 1971; from the point of view of economic development, this represented the greatest recession since 1958. There was a decrease in industrial production as compared with previous years, and this was due to a drop in demand for our export products and to the fact that there was a strike in the metal industry which lasted several weeks. conThe employment situation deteriorated and a quarterly comparison shows that the number of unemployed increased by 10,000-20,000 persons as compared to the year before. The eastern and northern parts of the country were more severely hit than the rest, and by the end of the year the total number of unemployed in Finland was 55,000. The wage increase was estimated at 12 percent as compared to 1970, taking into account the revaluation and minimum wage level, and it is to be noted that wage- earners benefited from a proportionately higher increase than salaried employees. The real wage increase for wage earners amounted to approximately 5 percent, that is, half a percent less than the year before. Collective agreements for the mechanical wood industry were signed on January 7th. Time rates went up by 32 penni as from the start of the year, and it was also agreed to raise the basic hourly rate and the shift and nightwork bonus. The contract is valid for 15 months, until March 1972. Developments in trade union policy 1969: V16791092 inagio rtanceneq benoitem- evode art pnibulon! 200w bas nemvolqm3 This was the year of the Finnish trade union movements' hitherto greatest achievement: over ten years of t schism within the movement came to an end, if only in a formal conciliation which grouped the majority of Finnish organised workers under one new, centralised organisation- Suomen Ammattiliittojen Keskusjärjestö- the confederation of Finnish Trade Unions. SAK had convened an extraordinary congress in June 1969, which was to prepare and take decisions for the setting up of a completely new central confederation for everyone. On the 9th of September, SAK and SAJ( the Finnish TUC), the parallel confederation, each signed an agreement stipulating that SAJ would cease its activities and that its members be transferred to SAK. Unification measures at federation level were, however postponed to a later date. At the 17th of June congress which formed the new SAK, the formen president of SAK, Niilo Hämäläinen, was elected president of the new confederation, Arvo Hautala vice- preration, Arvo Hautala vice- preup sident and Mikko Laaksonen deputy vice- president. Ispiring team or to bas bns( be 00 In accordance with its previously chosen line of action, the Finnish Woodworkers' Union supported these measures, the aim of which was to reunite the trade union movement. The federation was one of the ten which were approved as SAK affiliates on November 7th 1969. .qu bisbaste 1970: sels beri phinispied evirosilco bns bns anoissitops sid nism or as not A noitsutie pimoncoe a'yttnuco silt to noiteallideja s not anoitsitog 1970 was the first full year of action for the reunited trade union movement. This time was spent trying to continue the work of unification which had already started at federation level, and progress was made in all the100 most important fields. Measures aimed at including the leather, shoe and rubber industry as well as some parts of the mechanical wood industry in this reunification did not, however, succeed. According to a precise plan, the sw chemical workers left our federation to join the Finnish Pulp and Paper Workers' Union on March 20th 1970. The economic and trade union policies pursued by our federation, the SPL, were based on and drawn up in accordance with the decisions taken by the policy- making organs of the new confederation. Reino Heinonen, the president of the Federation of Municipal Workers and Employees, acted as conciliation officer, and his proposed compromise la to set up a new joint federation was approved by our Executive on the 20th of March. The SAK member federa- la tion, the Woodworkers' Union, rejected this proposal by an 8-5 vote. A series of further attempts at unification were made in the course of the year, and on September 29th, our Executive decided that the reunification issue q had made sufficient headway for the matter to be taken up at an extraordinary congress. This congress was convened for the 27th of December. mesige vailoq emooni over art to luze s 2A hq to level This decision was further reinforced at the meeting held by the Executive on November 17th. When it vd qu emerged that there were even some as yet unsolved legal problems concerning members and organisational 105y branches within the parallel federation, the SAK Executive decided, on December 21st, that the time was not yet ripe for unification and called upon the federations to cancel their invitations to the extraordinary congresses. rts They thought it would be better for the two federations to continue negotiations with a view to reaching an agreement on unification by the 1st of November 1971. It is to be noted that the Woodworkers Union and the SPL have always taken a common stand to unification and even put suggestions concerning unification jointly before the SAF Executive.( reno priU) XXIU bells- 02 eris bergsoos evitanessige( anoinU obsiT reinni to nois 160 The SPL cancelled its congress in accordance with the decision taken by the SAK Executive, whereas the A Woodworkers' Union went ahead and held its congress; the congress took decisions concerning, amongst other things, a change of name, dismissed the Secretary of the federation, Jaakko Viitasaari, and resolved a number of other matters in a way which, according to the authorities in charge of the register of associations, was not in accordance with the statutes and therefore not valid. This has not in any way affected the activities of the parallel federation, they have already held their ordinary congress and have rectified the most blatant irregularities. 1971: tuo van blow The SAK Congress was held at the end of June and the beginning of July. The most important achievement was to consider and approve the new confederation's first outline programme. Seven action programmes were also adopted. The congress recommended a policy of central agreements for the coming year. Niilo Hämäläinen was unanimously elected president of SAK, Arvo Hautala vice- president and Mikko Laaksonen deputy vice- president. The unification issue was also up for discussion at the congress, and it was noted in particular, that the situation within the federations for the mechanical wood industry and the leather and shoe industry was extremely critical. The attitude of the mechanical wood industry federations to the confederation are so varied, that the woodworkers generally adopt a negative approach to all suggestions and proposals, whereas the SPL has tended to identify itself with the views of the central organisation and supported it in a constructive way. There is one particular example: When the SAK Congress recommended and authorised its Executive to examine the number of members in the federations and their organisational branches from the point of view of occupational groups, the Woodworkers Union refused to accept this fully justified investigation. The SPL, on the other hand, handed over a list of its members and other documents to the investigator appointed by the SAK. The other events of the year were, briefly, as follows: GAY On September 4th, the president of SAK made a statement in which he noted that" it is impossible to bring about a unification of the mechanical wood industry by November 11th as decided by the SAK Congress". adlars Hämäläinen stressed the need for an impartial investigation and the fact that it would be impossible to finish it by the beginning of November. He did not think that it would lead to a final settlement between the federations. We On September 15th, unification negotiations were conducted between the presidents Lilja and Ronkainen. Other elected representatives from the federations were also present. At the suggestion of SPL, it was agreed that a joint request for an impartial investigation of the number of members in the federations should be put before the SAK Executive as soon as possible. This Executive should furthermore be asked to take rapid measures in every possible field which would make it possible to bring about a unification of the federations in accordance with the directives issued by the SAK Congress. The negotiators met again on September 29th. The negotiations were, however, broken off by the representatives of the Woodworkers Union stating that they had no desire to wait for the results of an investigation of the number of members to be conducted on the orders of the SAK Executive. On October 10th, the representatives of our federation handed over the lists of members to the economist, Rauno Kousa, who had been appointed investigator by the SAK Executive. On December 1st, our federation, the SPL, sent a written statement of our attitude to unification to the SAK Executive. On December 3rd, the SAK Executive set up a five- member working group to look into the matter of unification and to put suggestions to the SAK Executive. The Executive appointed 3 members of the social democrat party to the working group, but the people's democratic party did not yet feel inclined to do the same. On December 7th, the president of the Woodworkers Union, Viljo Ronkainen, said in his federation newspaper, that his Union had no intention of following the directions of an elected working group, nor was it going to accept any possible suggestions. On December 15th, Niilo Hämäläinen said that the matter would be dealt with at the next SAF Executive meeting. Internal activities amounting DM 5 By the end of 1969, the federation had 172 active member branches. The total number of members was 15,242, including 5,188 women. At the end of 1970 the federation had 140 active member branches and a total of 12,957 members, 5,188 of whom were women.( It is to be recalled that one of the unification measures entailed a transfer of members from the chemical wood processing branch to the Federation of Pulp and Paper Workers). addit At the end of 1971, the federation had 162 member branches and a total of 14,272 members, 5,398 of whom were women. ards Monthly payments for trainees nery and number of other time in 161 Activities in the field of education and information Despite the fact that these past years were, in many ways, diversified and eventful, despite the slow progress made by the reunification and the ruthlessness of our opponent, we have attempted to gradually develop and increase the federation's activities in the field of education and information. We have not been able to plan this action on a long- term basis, because there is always the possibility of a unification and subsequent changes in the programme. It must be said, however, that there was a great demand for knowledge over the past years, and without the help given by members in collecting and disseminating this knowledge, the secretariat, with its limited staff, would never have been able to do all the work. Educational activities continue to be carried out in the study circles of the various branches, with the cooperation of the Workers Educational Association and through the educational activities of the confederation's study commission. Social events have included the traditional fishing and skiing competitions between branches in the winter. These winter events attracted about a thousand people, and the summer excursions always assemble well over two thousand. ter Every member of a SAK affiliated federation receives the publication" Löntagaren"( the wage- earner) which, in addition to the Swedish edition, is published in 115,000 copies in Finnish alone, Compared to many other federations, we have got quite a lot of room to ourselves in the columns. It is, not, however, quite enough to satisfy our needs. All those in the federation who deal with education, receive the publication of the Workers Educational Association, Aikamerkki- Tidsmärket( sign of the times), free of charge. The federation also organises special conferences for representatives and for the women who belong to them various branches. On these occasions, questions of topical interest are discussed and we have the opportunity of W obtaining direct information from people who are active in their branch. The membership management staff also have a lot of work, and the number of members reflects the result of their effort. The volume of the federation's correspondence also gives a clear picture of the work done in the field of education and information. Juods The amount of information transmitted to the various branches increased by 24 percent between 1969 and 1970, and by 28 percent between 1969 and 1971. Labour legislation Progress is being made. Holidays will be longer as from 1973. Improvements in the field of works safety. Vocational training lw Basic courses are being given for some professions for people who have not enjoyed a vocational training. Retraining is being organised on a more extensive scale. Under the 1966 law on vocational training courses, the participants are educated free of charge and are give food, accomodation, a daily allowance as well as a family allowance. to un 1970 61 nottsoftinu ot Fened T the 162 vd hospitesvni bet Kers edmsoed no < B> A2 yheq 970. The edmen yos 309008 of útive decided that the rdinary Jement to bne erit y8 mbuloni SAS, ar mam caest to hastenet s Morw GERMANY confirm this led wood industry if the general cri Ce gh In January/ February 1972 1.2 percent and 1. coming months. Organisation mon Executive Committee: However, the depend preve Chairman vice- chairman zeintzubni a2e vice- chairman treasurer ly promoted the building trade as HOLZ and GEWERKSCHAFT agninised evitello to zevitoeido stelbemm esgs of ydenerlw asins UND cops su ni sassoni ybsada tavinu KUNSTSTOFF ( Woodworkers) volams Gerhard Vater Kurt Georgi Karlheinz Schwark newte Bruno Eisenburger si E A .a and financial stength ignihow bas ope T as no a The composition of the Executive Committee underwent a change as a result of the demise of our former treasurer, Anton Grzonka. On 24.2.1971 brother Bruno Eisenburger was elected successor to brother Anton Grzonka. MO A number of changes have also taken place in the membership of our organisation. The number of members 2) still in active employment has grown from 99,205 to 106,391. The number of pensioners who are members has decreased from 21,169 to 12,237. The number of pensioner members has gone down so rapidly probably because we stopped paying regular disability benefits as of 1.1.1970. This disablement pension has been replaced by a single lump- sum payment for loyalty( years of membership). Developments in collective bargaining BE Voceber Each year, the Gewerkschaft Holz und Kunststoff( GHK) concludes around 250 collective agreements with about 30 branches of industry and handicrafts as well as larger undertakings which do not belong to any employers' organisation. The most important collective agreements contain provisions concerning working conditions and wages and/ or salaries in the wood and plastics- processing industry, upholstery, joinery, plywood and compressed board industry, sawmills and a number of handicrafts. All the branches and groups of workers in the GHK scope of organisation are at present covered by colleclative agreements. Agreements on wages and salaries have a maximum validity of 12 months, and are generally aptraplicable to only one Bundesland. allimwsa bre av The skeleton agreements are usually valid for three to four years. Federal agreements exist for some sectors ( sawmills, pencil- making, the button industry, flooring and interior decoration crafts). Other skeleton agreements stipulate working conditions for several Bundesländer simultaneously( wood and plastics- processing industries as well as joinery in North- West Germany, model construction, etc.) New trends since 1970: svods ows ar to noire sm) at gnibroo 1. au The conclusion of agreements on protection against rationalisation measures for workers and employees, especially in the wood and plastics- processing industry and in joinery. Additional contractual safeguards MO ni ne against possible adverse effects of technical progress have been obtained by providing for retraining, company payments during the transition period and severance compensation in case of redundancy caused by rationalisation measures. yd bieg to mum Conclusion of collective agreements on additional asset- forming benefits for workers, employees and trainees amounting to between DM 26,- and DM 52.- per month. This money must be placed in a savings account for at least six years. The State adds a bonus contribution of 22 or more percent( according to the size of the family). For the wood and plastics- processing industry and joinery crafts, these additional asset- forming benefits are provided for in a Federal collective agreement. yuzubni artt ni anemgolovob 10j6M 2. 3. At the end of 1971, as a first step towards the introduction of an additional thirteenth month's pay for workers and employees, an average payment of DM 200.- or 20 to 40 percent of monthly earnings was obtained, this amount being paid in December of each year. Collective bargaining is under way in order to to ang settle arrangements concerning further stages until the introduction of a full thirteenth month's pay. -pit 4. to Monthly payments for trainees in joinery and a number of other crafts were laid down for the first time in 1163 5. a Federal collective agreement. ehensive tual areas, th In general, there seems to be a trend towards the introduction of more comprehensive contractual areas, that is to say, collective agreements are increasingly concluded for several Bundesländer together or for the entire Federal Republic of Germany. eld of ed Immediate objectives of collective bargaining: 1. 2. 3. Further steady increase in contractual wages and salaries, whereby no agreement is concluded for more than 12 months at a time. Introduction of a minimum vacation of 4 weeks for all workers and employees and increase of the maximum contractual vacation from five to six weeks. Increasing additional holiday pay by 35 percent of holiday allowance for all wage categories. 4. Introduction of a 13th month's pay for workers, employees and trainees( apprentices). 5. Arrangements concerning new methods of payment by results, e.g. bonuses and the application of work- factor systems, on the basis of full co- determination on the part of the Works Council. Wages and working conditions The contractual time- wage( Spring 1972) for skilled workers in the wood and plastics- processing industries is on an average DM 5.70 with regional differences lying between DM 6.79 and DM 5.50. The contractual hourly wage for skilled workers in joinery crafts is on an average DM 6.20, differing regionally between DM 6.79 and DM 6.-. Effective hourly earnings are usually about 30 percent higher than contractual time- wages, depending on piece- wages which are covered by collective agreements everywhere- and on the repercussions of the situation on the labour market. In Autumn 1971, effective hourly wages of skilled workers in the wood- processing industry amounted to approximately DM 7.40, their earnings fluctuating between DM 8.50 and DM 6.90 according to the Bundesland concerned. ldssib SW As from January 1. 1972, workers and employees in the wood and plastics- processing industries and in joinery crafts receive an asset- forming allowance of DM 26.- per month in addition to their wages or salaries( DM 39.- as from 1976). This amount must be placed in a savings account for six years. As from December 1972, a special bonus of 20 percent of one month's earnings, DM 200.- on an average, is paid to each worker and employee in the wood and plastics- processing industry. Collective bargaining is at present being carried out with a view to increasing this special bonus to the level of a 13th month's pay. Contractual working hours amount to 40 hours per week in all sectors. Due to the large number of incoming orders in the wood and plastics- processing industries, an average of 43 hours a week is being worked at present in this sector. HD erit ni avshow to aquote bris The minimum length of vacations in 1972 in the wood and plastics- processing industries, joinery crafts, plywood and compressed board industry and sawmills is 18 working days, whereby the working week is considered to consist of five days. The maximum contractual vacation is at least 24 working days in all branches, and 25 working days in some cases. The length of vacations is determined either according to the number of years worked in the undertaking ( maximum vacation e.g. after eight years' service) or according to age( maximum vacation as of 30 years) or according to a combination of the two above systems. In all the major contractual areas of the Gewerkschaft Holz und Kunststoff, an additional holiday bonus of DM 12.- to DM 15.- per day of vacation or 35 percent of holiday wages is paid to each worker. vllsis Continued payment of wages in case of illness or industrial accident is provided for by law. In case of an industrial accident, full wages continue to be paid. In case of sickness, full wages are paid for six weeks, after which a minimum of 75 percent of wages is paid by sickness insurance schemes. Old- age pension schemes are also provided for by law. In addition there are numerous supplementary company arrangements, but these are not covered by collective agreements. Legal skeleton provisions are planned to cover these supplementary plant pension schemes. Major developments in the industry Sheme evitellos leve ( viimst art 01918 tened The economic recession in 1971, intensified by the international monetary and trade complications, presented all the characteristics of so- called" stagflation"( stagnation in the growth of the gross national product together with a steady inflationary increase in prices, which had already become manifest in preceding years). The signs of economic recovery have been perceptible since March 1972, but the inflationary trend has not weakened( c.f. figures in annex). Since public housing construction, private demand for durable consumer goods and the wish of A 164 savers to obtain fixed- value assets all equally promoted the building trade as well as the wood- processing and furniture industries, conditions in 1971 were disproportionately good in these sectors. Results in 1972 are likely to confirm this lead. Nonetheless, there is still the danger that difficulties will arise in the building trade and in the wood industry if the general crisis cannot be surmounted by national economic policy and international trade and monetary negotiations. INDUSTEGEWERKSCHAFT Situation on the labour market BAUSTEINE ari ni bovisosi 219b10 ni nom sms The proportion of unemployed persons was 0.9 percent in 1969, 0.7 percent in 1970, and almost 0.9 percent as an annual average for 1971( maximum level: 1.3 percent in January, minimum level: 0.6 percent in June). In January/ February 1972, the unemployment level was 1.7 percent and in March/ April, the figure dropped to 1.2 percent and 1.1.percent respectively. Most forecasts announce a quota between 1 percent and 1.5 percent for coming months. The wood- processing industries, which continue, as in the past, to employ a large number of foreign workers, are not greatly affected by such unemployment nor are they affected by short- time work which was registered mainly in the capital goods industry and in sectors related to the automobile industry during the past months. In almost all branches of the wood industry, there is still a surplus of vacancies( demand for manpower). However, the dependence of our industry on the general pattern followed by State revenue and financial strength prevents us from considering the present favourable conditions as a permanent feature of the trade. Labour legislation bosqm but The following points are worthy of note with regard to changes in labour legislation: 1) bilduq 2) 3) The Law on continued payment of wages which came into effect on 1.1.1970 entitles the worker to continue to receive his wages for a period of six weeks in case of illness; this provision already existed in the past for white- collar workers. The 3rd law on asset formation( the DM 624.- law) which was enacted on 1.7.1970 substantially improves the State- promoted savings possibilities of workers. The new Industrial Relations Act which was passed on 19.1.1972 contains noteworthy improvements in codetermination rights for our works councils. Trade union rights in the undertakings within their scope of orTraganisation have also been improved by virtue of this Act. 8.0 The follow Vocational training ritnom qx3 The law on vocational training has for the first time provided uniform legal provisions for the entire sector of vocational training- advanced training- retraining in industry and handicrafts. Training regulations and overall training plans are now being revised, in order to adapt the entire vocational training system to technological developments. Vocational training is supervised by Training Commissions on which workers and employers have equal representation. The workers' representatives are proposed by the trade unions. In addition, there is a law on labour promotion which contains provisions concerning subsidies and loans to promote comprehensive vocational training for individual workers. Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest See IFBWW Bulletin no. 2/1972: Developments in 1971 and Prospects for 1972, especially page 8( Prospects). Fin dat 8,0+ €.0+ Accounts, book- keepi keeping. assaad trust proper ni dinom auolveig ritiw qmooaudit apojuang icipations and related tax 100 matters. Cooperati Cooperative recres Isnoasoz tuorliw esoin Deportment of education and nation Karl- Heinz General education, prend ation Sadurses and others, organisat ( guilds, chamber of handicrafts, chambers of industry and yag 2.A 8.A ni dinom az ox.qmqo of ni 169y Department on rates Kneib to bulging finishing trades, building materials industry caf office staff, for ment on social policy- Erwin Kastleine employment, sickness and accident. Industrial safety, in Department on vocational training and young trade unio ed training, vocat and technical schools, continued group ways Hinom auoiveiq rbiw.gmoo- stone. Archives of ni 169y rs' pensions, em .001 ablodeauon saving A Bruno Köbele: Vocational training, training, occupational efficiency 165 Annex: llow as obs Orders received in the industry 1) as domoq yllups la aseza suley- baxit nisido of 21sva utin TABLE 1971 1972 Dec. Jan. Feb. March yuzubni boow open April.com compared with same month in previous year in% Over Domestic orders compared with same - 3,4r + 3,2r +6,7 + 1,8 +0,3 month in previous year in% - 2,6r + 5,8r + 6,3 + 2,7 +0,9 l Foreign orders compared with same month in previous year in% S.I - 6,2 + 4,2r + 7,6 - 0,9 Orders received as% of no 1,6 turnover 94,7r 100,7r 102,7 102,8 104,5 Surface building construction permits his nl.artnom ( volume) compared with previous aris 19vswoH year in% + 19,3 + 12,5 + 12,5 Underground building contracts of +4,9 most au atreven public works compared with same month in previous year in% les Juode - 11,8 - 10,8 +14,7 -6,0 Range of orders in hand in main building trade( months) of Retail trade turnover compared with same month in previous year in% 2,6 2,6 2,8 2,9 2,9 +7,1 +8,6 + 13,5 +12,9 on Industrial production compared with same month in previous year in% ( S - 3,6r - 0,9r - 0,4 + 4,3 + 4,4 Vacancies( in 1.000) 438 461 502 537 555 Unemployed( in 1.000) ( E 270r 376 369 268 231 Unemployment rate( in%) 1,2 1,7 1,7 1,2 1,1 Imports compared with same month in previous year in% +6,7 +7,1 + 3,6 + 2,2 +0,8 Exports compared with same month in previous year in% - 1,3 Balance of trade( Mill. DM) +1.870 + 9,0r +1.069 +11,0 +1.760 + 0,2 +1.680 + 3,2 +1.358 Industrial Producer's prices comp. with previous month in% +0,2 +0,6 + 0,4 +0,5 +0,3 vab comp. to same month prev. year in% +3,4 +2,8 + 2,6 + 2,7 Agricultural Producer's prices + 2,6 dal 201 painis - comp. with previous month in% + 2,0r - 0,7r +1,8 - comp. to same month previous year in% - 0,3 +0,4 nemmo + 11,6r + 9,9r +12,2 +10,2 +9,7 Retail trade prices comp. with previous month in% +0,3 +0,8 + 0,5 +0,5 +0,2 - comp. to same month previous year in% +5,3 + 5,0 + 4,7 +4,5 +4,3 Retail trade prices without seasonal products -comp. to prev. month in% +0,2 +0,7 +0,5 + 0,5 +0,2 comp. to same month in previous year in% + 4,8 + 4,9 +4,7 + 4,7 + 4,5 Cost- of- living index2) - comp. with previous month in% + 0,4 +1,1 + 0,4 +0,5 +0,2 comp. to same month in previous year in% + 5,8 +5,8 + 5,5 + 5,4 +5,1 72 1) Basis 1970= 100. present2) All private households. ons of trend has ( e.f. fig166 mer goods and the wish of GERMANY ation - has ployers provide the Moreove for Toes Bra.es Yspel noo, andir concerning be paid INDUSTRIEGEWERKSCHAFT BAUSTEINEERDEN ( Building workers) ollot as mwob nex 818 ASA ded 180, SBA terse Organisation Within the framework of the Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, the Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden is the trade union organisation for this industrial sector for the entire territory of the Federal Republic of Germany including Berlin; it covers both manual and non- manual workers as well as persons undergoing training in the secnihs8 tor. The industrial sector covered by the trade union comprises the building trade, building finishing trades, building auxiliary trades, building materials industry, housing construction societies and housing cooperatives, engineering and architectural firms as well as building research institutes and joint establishments of the parties to collective agreements. The Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden has 132 administrative centres, and 10 district head offices, which are essentially organised according to the Bundesländer. 8318 The Executive Committee has its headquarters in Frankfurt am Main. The Executive Committee is composed of a chairman, a vice- chairman and 7 other members. oter The Executive Committee is elected once every three years by delegates of union members meeting at a Trade Union Congress. May The following section provides an overall view of the business of the Executive Committee, and how the duties are distributed. 1972, DM 15.20- as from 1. January Functions of the Executive Committee as om Percent Department 1: chairman, Rudolf Sperner: Representation of the trade union internally and externally, coordination of the tasks of the Executive Committee, relations with the governments of the Länder and of the Federal Republic, representation in the Federal Executive Committee of the Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, contact with the International Federation of Building and Woodworkers, and with the European Committee. Economic, financial and tax policies, building, housing and social economy. Press, radio, television, literature. Coordination of work for the social services of the building trade. Occupation Welfare Fund. Department 2- vice- chairman: Konrad Carl: Replacing the chairman, organisation and staff, statistics on membership, arbitration and settlement of disputes concerning the trade union, Relief works of the Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, publicity and recruiting. ed to Finance department- Helmut Mecking: Accounts, book- keeping, audit, procurement of material, motor vehicles, data- processing, administration of assets and trust property, participations and related tax and financial matters. Cooperative recreation facilities. Department of education and co- determination- Karl- Heinz Tiedtke: General education, preparation and implementation of courses and seminars, academies. Industrial relations at plant and undertaking level. Economic organisations( guilds, chamber of handicrafts, chambers of industry and commerce). Department on rates- Adam Kneib: Establishment of rates and vocational group work: main building trade, building finishing trades, building materials industry, housing industry, work studies. am air ni inem Department for non- manual workers- Jürgens Jöns: Occupational group work for commercial and technical office staff, foremen and masters. Gainful employment for women. Foundation- stone. Archives. Department on social policy- Erwin Kastleiner: Insurance schemes for workers' pensions, employees, unemployment, sickness and accident. Industrial safety, trade associations, industrial inspection, health, winter building. Department on vocational training and young trade unionists- Bruno Köbele: Vocational training, advanced training, vocational and technical schools, continued vocational training, occupational efficiency comparisons. 167 Young trade union members, and their group work, protection of youth and industrial safety for young workers. Legal department- August Weimer: General legislation, labour legislation, labour and social jurisdiction, legal protection in case of dispute in matters concerned with labour and social legislation, laws on industrial relations, contractual arbitration. Laws on benefits and claims on social security schemes. nd clain In the industrial sector covered by our organisation, membership during the period 1969/1971 may be broken down as follows: 3MITZ Membership on: Total membership Women Total Women Total Women workers employees 31.12.1969 496,953 4,195 467,583 1,905 29,367 2,290 31.12.1970 504,230 31.12.1971 4,746 474,818 2,192 29,412 2,544 511,699 4,835 482,081 2,078 29,618 2,757 Of which: Baden- Wttbg. 34,847 337 31,883 72 irth 2,964 265 sbet ar Bavaria 90,493 862 85,748 409 4,745 453 gnibuloni Berlin 18,362 172 17,049 42 1,313 130 .107 Hesse 68,214 644 63,642 215 4,572 429 Lower Saxony yd 48,681 457 46,193 228 2,488 229 xus pribliud, Nordmark 58,632 557 56,076 324 2,556 233 geenip North Rhine 60,413 565 55,878 140 4,535 425 eps svizɔellco Rhld. Pfalz- Saar 40,995 386 38,577 164 2,418 222 Unters.- Ems 29,251 272 28,211 176 1,040 96 ledT Westphalia 61,801 583 58,814 308 2,987 275 lbirdw Foreign workers in the building trade: 438 to ba 1969 232,204 minuto zasp 1970 376 1971 to 20150 325,782 901rit 398,581 Broken down according to nationality in 1971: naud art to wai Henovo Devon noirozgni Italy 80,824 Greece 11,465 Spain 15,639 Turkey 72,099 Portugal 1.069 qe noinU'ebs1T T0.8 barudinzib 918 29itub 3.2 arb to anoitu Yugoslavia Morocco Tunisia 152,799 3,919 1,309 Other countries mani nolnu sbe 5,907 noise meg? Hobu.com slorimmo sex3 st to led sri to notrehibio immo mo evituoax levebe art ni noitsinsesa bildugsA leve howbooW ons pnibliu biw isiloq xar bhe isionenit da si no how to 54,620 vmonoos Isiboa bris prizvor nibliud esisiloq xos br 9h pribliud did to as 398,581 squ Foreign workers in underground and surface engineering Total workers in underground and surface engineering Proportion of foreigners in underground and surface eng. Collective bargaining developments 1971: 356,557 1971: ichs, qiraiedmem 1971: 1,163,500 30,6 percent baw Sqeb sonenia lav During the period under review, the real earnings of workers in the building trades were increased and secured in collective agreements to a greater extent than in any such 3- year period since 1945. Out of the 263 proposals and resolutions submitted to the 8th Regular Trade Union Congress in 1969, 249 were either incorporated in decisions or were referred to the Executive Committee as bases for its work. Priorities were established in the context of a work programme and were largely fulfilled. In this manner, the skeleton collective agreements in the main building trade were revised and substantially improved, especially through the introduction of a supplementary holiday bonus. A skeleton collective agreement was concluded for piece- wage work in the building trade. Bargaining was particularly successful in the conclusion of agreements on asset- forming benefits. With only a few exceptions, analogous agreements were concluded for the first time or existing ones improved for all branches in the sector. During the period 1969-1971, 413 new collective agreements were concluded for the main building trade and 484 for the building finishing trades at the Federal or at the provincial level, and/ or legally binding amendments to existing agreements were agreed upon. inen toge For workers who had done skilled work in the building trade for more than 6 years but had not taken any 168 final examination, a collective agreement was concluded to guarantee that on providing proof of their skills, they would be assimilated in status to skilled workers. For skilled workers who had worked for at least 3 years in the occupational category III b, the wage category of the highly skilled worker was introduced with 2 percent higher wages. Wage cuts for skilled workers under 19 years of age were eliminated from collective agreements where they had existed in the past. New legislation was introduced concerning the promotion of productive winter construction, by which an additional net sum of DM 2.- has to be paid for every hour worked by industrial workers in weather- dependent jobs during the period December 16- March 15( with the exception of the wage- compensation period). The employers provide the funds for this benefit by apportionment.movo mont) bonsq 019 ods. no we sit onibnams ws. of ne bed Moreover, the employers have expressed their willingness to stipulate a lump- sum compensation payment for loss of working hours in the summer, in a yet- to- be- concluded collective agreement. Wages and working conditions ing 26 -bed of smisla vill Development of contractual wages and salaries in the main building trade from 1969 to 1.5.1972( local category I) Rudi Bricklayer's basic wage as of 1.4.1969 DM 5.07 highly skilled worker Bricklayer's basic wage as of 1.10.1969 Bricklayer's basic wage as of 15.12.1969 Bricklayer's basic wage as of 1.5.1970 DM 5.19 highly skilled worker eq noit DM 5.50 highly skilled worker - DM 6.06 Bricklayer's basic wage as of 1.5.1971 DM 6.54 highly skilled worker highly skilled worker DM 6.18 Bricklayer's basic wage as of 1.5.1972 DM 6.96 highly skilled worker DM 6.67 DM 7.10 od of tuz berpizo On 1.4.1969, the contractual wage for foremen and shaft masters was as of 15.12.1969. as of 1.5.1970.. DM 1,245 DM 1,318 DM 1,475 as of 1.5.1971. 10 as of 1.5.1972. . . DM 1,600 . . . DM 1,720 A supplementary holiday bonus is being paid since 1 May 1971. The bonus amounts to 20 percent of holiday wages, and is increased to 25 percent if the vacation is commenced between 1 December and 31 March. A graduated system was adopted with regard to employees: DM 10.- per day of vacation as from 1 January 1972, DM 15.20 as from 1 January 1973 and DM 15.- as from 1 January 1974. Overtime pay was increased, and the handicap bonuses were raised by at least 40 percent. Severance pay rates were laid down in a separate collective agreement and substantially increased. Severance pay for married persons amounted to DM 15.20 on 1.4.1969, and DM 23.60 on 1.5.1972, and in case of dismissal at short notice up to 7 calendar days, DM 28.50. bio to lidste to volloq The 40- hour week finally came into effect on 1 October 1969. After the introduction of the Law on continued payment of wages for industrial workers, which ensures that the employer continues to pay a worker's wages for a period of six weeks in case of illness, the contractual payment of salary compensation for employees in case of illness could be substantially improved. After the six- week period during which employees continue to receive full pay, the difference between insurance benefits and full net earnings has to be paid for a further period of six weeks if the employee has worked in the undertaking for a minimum of three years, this period being extended to 12 weeks for more years of service. In addition to contractual wages, the employer must pay a monthly asset- forming benefit amounting to 25 Pfg. per hour worked if the worker himself also places 3 Pfg. per hour worked out of his wages by way of assetforming investment. For employees, the corresponding amount is DM 46.- per month to match the employee's contribution of DM 6.-. 6 pribling Benefits stemming from the" ZVK"( Supplementary Pension Fund) were increased by at least DM 15.- per month for industrial workers as well as foremen and shaft- masters. 1sdmun A minimum amount of DM 70.- and a maximum of DM 150.- is paid per month to old- age pensioners. how beyolam The social status of the worker in the building trade has improved once again in terms of wage policy ass compared with the period before 1969, but the period under review has hardly witnessed any change concerning the characteristics of the job. Jobs and facilities on the building site, and especially the sanitary and hygienic conditions still do not meet the requirements needed to humanise working conditions in the building trade. The socialist and liberal colaition government which has been in office since October 1969 has attached isva greater importance to social concerns than had been the case in the past. 169 Though the so- called Continued Payment of Wages Law, which came into effect on 1.1.1970, dates back to the time of government by the wider coalition, it nonetheless essentially bears the imprint of the political powers which set the character of the present government. Politically favourable factors of this kind naturally have a positive influence not only on provisions concerning the living conditions of all workers in general but also on those concerning building workers in particular. Thus those employed in this industrial sector have benefited by considerable social improvements attributable to the above- mentioned Continued Payment of Wages Law, if only be- r cause vulnerability to health hazards and illnesses is dependent on weather conditions, and hence former risks could largely be overcome by obtaining for the worker the legitimate claim under labour legislation to continued payment of wages by the employer for six weeks in case of illness. ub adoi During the bad- weather period( from 1 November to 31 March) notice given by the employer had hitherto had an adverse effect on claims to bad- weather compensation. The Second Law amending the Law on Labour Promotion, which came into effect on 1.5.1972, brought about a decisive improvement in the situation in so far as notice given by the building contractor during the period from 1 November to 31 March does not in principle nullify claims to bad- weather compensation. anotribno onihow bas sagsW The disadvantages of working in the building trade affect both the active working life as well as the after- retirement life of workers. Thus it was not possible during the period under review, despite persistent urging on the part of the Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden, to obtain consideration of bad- weather periods as contribution periods for pension insurance funds, and hence to eliminate the resulting cuts in pension claims.blo With regard to industrial safety measures, increased efforts were made by all competent authorities to ensure greater safety for building workers. Nonetheless, the number of accidents for which first- time damages had to be paid was once again unavoidably high, an unfavourable situation which in the first analysis may be attributAhed to the fact that new machines and building apparatus which came into the market had not been designed sufficiently in keeping with the" principle of harmless technology"! Bills which have been submitted to Parliament are likely to improve this unfortunate situation in the future. 26 The amendment to the labour Promotion Law, which will only begin to be applied in practice on 1 November 1972, doubtless provided a new and improved basis for social policy through the stronger initiative taken by the Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden during the period under review concerning the efforts made by our trade union for a long time already to obtain all- year- round( all- season) employment for building workers. The essence of the amendment to the law is the introduction of what may be termed a winter bonus amounting to DM 2.- for every hour worked during the period from 16 December to 15 March. This new legal arrangement which forms part of the promotion of productive winter building is aimed at encouraging building in winter and hence promoting all- year- round employment in the building trade, thus decisively improving the workers' earnings. Developments in the building industry mwob bisi Isath Developments in the building trade during the past years have been marked by the general economic boom followed by the State policy of stabilisation. The number of orders in hand and production in the building trade reached their highest point in 1970, after which they slowly declined especially in public civil engineering. However, the high growth rates in housing construction prevented an economic setback. A fresh impetus is expected for the building trade in 1972. Situation on the labour market asnili to 290aw asnili to 280 hib sris veq llut aviso The situation on the labour market was marked by full employment or even over- employment in the national economy as a whole, a fact which naturally has a generally favourable effect on the building trade. However, the lack of reasonable working conditions found elsewhere led to a high number of workers leaving the building trade for other industrial sectors, and thereby to bottlenecks in attempts to fill the gaps thus created. To overcome the difficulty, a higher number of foreign workers was employed, so that the ratio of workers changed in favour of a higher proportion of foreign workers( ratio 4.5: 1). The number of unemployed building workers had no percentage effect on the total figure of all manpower employed in the building trade. As in the years 1967-1969, irregular and imbalanced employment in the building trade depended on weather conditions and made itself felt during the period from November to March( the so- called bad- weather period) under the influence of wintry climatic conditions. causes. The total number of employed workers fluctuated between 1.3 and 1.5 million due to weather- related In the course of economic development, the proportion of unemployed building workers in 1970 and 1971 fell to an annual average of 1 percent, the proportion in the summer months being 0.4 percent. At all times, there were more vacancies than unemployed persons in the building trade, an annual average of 4-6 vacancies being available for every unemployed worker, the figure being 30 vacancies per unemployed worker in the summer months. Nevertheless, 20 percent of the German building workers left the building trade in the course of the past 170 three years; they were replaced by 200,000 new foreign workers. onu axhow to notteillast bns notostor gioineq not vividos isnoisequogo mort to smis bisq ulsva Labour legislation gninist ni a a Labour legislation in the Federal Republic of Germany consists of a great number of individual laws, and ino hence it is difficult to survey. The legislators have set themselves the objective of unifying the legal subject- matter. The 1st law on the clarification of labour legislation was passed on 14.8.1969. In substance, it concentrated on laws concerning termination of employment. Discussions on the 2nd law on the clarification of labour legislation are now under way. This law will essentially deal with amendments to laws on the liability of the worker. Of equal importance was the Continued Payment of Wages Law dated 27.7.1969, which brought about equal treatment for industrial workers and for employees in case of sickness. Vocational training On Agreement was reached between the parties to collective agreements in the building trade in the Federal Republic of Germany concerning the introduction of training in stages. cop steward The employers and the Industriegewerkschaft Bau- Steine- Erden wish to request the government to prescribe by virtue of a decree, that training in the first stage should last 21 months, and in the following advanced stage based on the first, the period of training should be 9 months. This means that the traditional training time will be shortened by 6 months, and that, as a new element, it will be possible to complete initial vocational training in 21 months. On concluding the first period of training, the trainee will be a skilled building worker(" Baufacharbeiter") whereas at the end of the second stage of specialisation, he will be termed a building assembly man(" Baumonteur"). This type of training in stages is planned for the occupations of: concrete builder, concrete and ferro- concrete builder, concrete- slab and terrazzo maker, concrete worker, stone- floor layer, floor- tiler, furnace and chimney- builder, canal- builder, bricklayer, paver, road- builder, stucco- worker and carpenter. Besides the reduction in training time, another essential change is the compulsory introduction of 7 months' common basic training for all the occupations covered by the Vocational Training Decree, such training having to be provided in training centres outside the undertaking. During the training period, the young trainees attend compulsory part- time vocational school on one day each week. The Simmerath vocational training Centre The vocational training centre of Simmerrath, which was set up jointly by the Industriegewerkschaft BauSteine- Erden and the Aachen Chamber of Handicrafts, began operation in April 1972. In Simmerath, courses and seminars are held for the vocational training and advanced training of building trade and other technical craft occupations. The centre is the only one of its kind in the Federal Republic of Germany, being run jointly by a trade union and a chamber of handicrafts. Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest Trade union demands for co- determination form one of the central topics of social policy in the Federal Republic of Germany, because above all else, the extension of qualified co- determination in large- scale undertakings of all branches of the economy continues to be one of the most important items on the agenda of trade union action. 13th September, 1971 which This target is also topical because company law has barely progressed in important matters since the promulgation in 1951 of the law on codetermination of the European Coal and Steel Community. On the other hand, it may be noted with satisfaction that industrial relations have taken an important positive step forward with the passing of the new Industrial Relations Act by the German Federal Parliament on 10 November 1971. Comme The new Industrial Relations Act, however, does not deal with actual company statutes participation by workers in supervisory boards and in legal management boards-; in this connection,§§ 76 ff of the 1952 Industrial Relations Act and the co- determination laws of the European Coal and Steel Community still apply. Nevertheless, the trade unions hold a positive view of the new Industrial Relations Act as a whole, because it contains a number of improvements which take into account the technical, economic and social changes of the past twenty years. The most noteworthy points are: 1. Stronger presence of trade unions in the undertaking. 2. 3. Extension of co- determination rights in matters of social and staff policy including vocational training. Possibility of compelling the undertaking to draw up social plans in case of changes in the company. 4. Protection against termination of employment for industrial relations officials. 171 5. 6. Protection and facilitation of works council elections in case of resistance on the part of the employer.stdi Paid time off from occupational activity for participation in training and educational events. Although it is not yet possible to evaluate experience with the new Industrial Relations Act, as the latter has only been in effect for a relatively short period of time, it may nonetheless be noted that the new Act meets with more consideration and respect in the undertakings than did the 1952 Industrial Relations Act. om 1 Now spew to memya? boun delcasin The Second Law verma nogmi Labour Pro BR nutaspata ni ninis to nois ss to noirubpost srt on srtt gnimson yosed to silduqsA vd bene ting gninies lenoiribent em ainT 19xem 0x675) br bos 19: The begin be esse DM.2- for 16 noo, abliud steto ebliud- laneo, sbliud- yen on 1 Novempainig ni bebivog od galuq T 3 to De to gniniet bac navbe bos pninis olduga Isebs art ni bil si to sno to ano vino during years have been o Tanoitsquo bobooinu follown read State noir of foreign med to silduqeЯ to ano ed or sunito ymonoos sis to serionsnd is to agni .noiss ter odmevol wod toA anoirs! Dower ert to welv svidioq e blo noos nt nuogos or ex tween 1.3 and Hig edmun s 2169y onilanobu od ni anoinu obst to son92910 190 develo loved building workers in kers in 1970 and 1971 avel months, Never 20 per the Ge man workers the Building ong E A past 172 GHANA the building sites to ensure that safety masters joining ФИАТХЭН ning trades to change the former cle applied to Reykjavik, but ved conditions in the field of ABMA CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING ment governing plec piecework. Over the past few y carpenters and joiners in Rey as compared to 1.0 for timework all work is done on a piecework besis and the 13 TRADES WORKERS' UNION The Ma2 Jaying ployment. In fact, many members who went to look for back to Iceland again. There are now only 30 or 40 of them cons the years of mainly in Sweden. The abo 140 Organization 88.1 to Istat s grinevoozerland noinu bns enoinu OS to betalenco M82,150 Unit level: unit chairman, senior shop steward, asst. senior shop steward, shop steward Isi Branch level: branch chairman, branch secretary, two branch trustees 1200 hoi Regional level: regional chairman, two regional trustees, secretary( fulltime) National level: bne or A set to sau dinl ert to spisivitos T national chairman, vice national chairman, general secretary( fulltime), deputy gen. secretary( fulltime), two national trustees to prine most amit not Membership: 25,000. easetoni ns not( muod pnishow svitosti leval 120wol eds to nowoq gni ini or betnew nemelha of AA mont auor prihow yblesw montanod edit to themevonomi atsibammi ne Collective bargaining achievements otsadzanayolame sdr driw anoitsitogen bondsmevom quodal or nsriw W -ni 40 hour working week introduced.bils estamos solving at no jails need bedt i trw of Instib No work on Saturdays. bonovno noo( anoinUebsiT to noisiabolno.sibrislsof srit) OJ asdmarqa2 to pain to amicto Iniot Wages& working conditions slum sbiseb bluork themevom evom nuodal erit rerit beange ylauominemu bns auguA ni tem bed evitusex3gM82 12 1/2 percent wage increase. niert 101 asnil- ebiug tuo pnishow ni. O to showement srir nirttiw sting iven to noite 25 percent bonuses paid. Sickness and accident benefit, as well as old age benefit governed by national law. 210 Major developments in the industry of tuq ed or ernisto pninniped 1A voilog moit zovirsta niquo enoizzim olame 25W edz br The general secretary of the Union serves on state construction corporation( state- owned) as member of board of directors. He is also serving as member of national trade test committee. .0J ays Tub uonna anginu abou Situation on the labour market About 15 percent of our unemployed members have been found jobs. bengiz esw Fremsens erit Labour legislation Insm amoti nism erf ni noitavonni nanoqminA olinu vlqgs.ot ai si avosobanq ope sit of noitibbs Act. 383 of the 13th September, 1971 which dissolved the Ghana trades union Congress has been repealed by N.R.C. decree No. 22 of 11th February, 1972. Vocational training ytibil Vocational training is being organised on national level. How to? emmi hA A HM no sesoni Inois A A hot as flow 25 savolame ben Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest bengong asw aworl nichow smit vabi no llid The working class of this country have become trade union conscious, for they have realised that the Union is their heritage and therefore it is only by belonging to this organisation of workers that their salvation lies. of emeɔ anoisitogen oni pribliud 092 Much as we appreciate the response of our members to help better their conditions of work, there is yet much to be done in the field of organisation. gniwo A young union such as ours need such technical aid as cars for organisation. We have made several appeals to some of our counterparts in some of the developed countries for such technical aid in this respect but to no sla avail. We have every belief that as an affiliate of the IFBWW it is your wish that our Union fares very well in its endeavours. We trust that you will endeavour to give a helping hand. Industrial democracy is superb. Isutum tot bebivong tiy beengs atoaqas leitnezas erf.bezolo enibliud erit ni anayolame erit riiw namelisz s berloes M82, admase n 173 ICELAND SBM works actions in case of resistance on the and SAMBAND HUBYGGINGAMANNA 83CAR SBM 2A3XROW( Building workers) VOIMU AMAHO Act, as the latter has At the end of the year, SBM consisted of 20 unions and union branches covering a total of 1,880 members. In the course of 1971, four new unions joined the federation and the membership increased by 133. tinu The activities of the federation were determined by the wage and employment situation and by the social changes which were a result of the Parliamentary elections in June. anoipa After the elections, three parties set up a new government. The government programme contains, amongst other things, a promise that attempts will be made to lay the foundations for a 20 percent increase in the purchasing power of the lowest level of wages which is to take place over two years. Furthermore, at its autumn session, Parliament wanted to introduce bills for an extension of vacation time from 21 to 24 days, for a shortening of weekly working hours from 44 to 40( 37.05 effective working hours), for an increase in old age pensions and for an immediate improvement of the sailors' lot. When the labour movement started negotiations with the employers, therefore, the situation was somewhat different to what it had been earlier on. The previous agreement was valid until October 1st 1971. At the beginning of September, LO( the Icelandic Confederation of Trade Unions) convened a conference which was to formulate the joint claims of the workers. eepsW SBM's Executive had met in August and unanimously agreed that the labour movement should decide to unite within the framework of LO in working out guide- lines for their wage struggles and in determining the main claims to be put to the employers concerning the alteration of previous agreements. bris 229 At the beginning of September, LO summoned representatives from all sectors to a wage conference. This conference worked out a common policy, put forward the federation's main claims and set up a special group which was to negotiate a new agreement with the employers. Other commissions grouping representatives from LO, from the employers and from the government were set up to revise the existing law on working hours and the duration of holidays. Although negotiations were taken up at once, they were drawn out at great length and all the major trade unions announced a strike to start on December 1st. The strike was suspended for a few days and the new agreement was signed on December 4th. An important innovation in this agreement was the fact that it is valid for a longer period of time than its predecessors, it is to apply until November 1st 1973. Moreover, full agreement was reached as regards a further wage increase in addition to the increase for the lowest wage- groups. The main items in the agreement were the following: need anoint by and art beviosaib rainwrer, admet - An immediate 4 percent increase plus a special rise for the lowest wage- sectors; A 4 percent increase on June 1st 1972; A 6 percent increase on March 1st 1973. a to 888 JOA seb.0.A.Myd ninie IsnoitesoV A settlement was also reached to the effect that employers must have a compulsory insurance for invalidity or death of an employee as well as for maternity allowances for women. As has already been mentioned, a bill on holiday time and working hours was prepared. nammo Besides the above- mentioned agreement, direct negotiations were conducted with the employers to meet the individual claims of the various sectors. As far as the building industry was concerned, these negotiations came to an end on February 11th 1972, when SBM concluded an agreement with the employers. This agreement has since yers. This agre been approved by the member unions. It includes the following main points: oum Allowance for tools and transport of tools, vacation centres, pension schemes, behaviour and safety at the place of work, special wage rates for unusual jobs, wages for sun- and holidays, sickness and accident benefits, delisva termination of working hours and coffee and meal- time breaks. On some of these points, behaviour and safety at the place of work, for instance, the discussion is not yet closed. The essential aspects have been agreed upon, but the details will be defined at a later stage. 174 omsb In December, SBM reached a settlement with the employers in the building industry; it provided for mutual and joint supervision at the building sites to ensure that safety rules are respected. Negotiations on this issue went on for almost a year. ay systems. issue w An agreement was reached with the masters of the carpentry and joining trades to change the former settlement governing piecework rates for these sectors. An agreement of this kind already applied to Reykjavik, but now it has been extended to cover the whole country. This forms a basis for improved conditions in the field of piecework. Over the past few years, there has been virtually no increase in the frequency of piecework amongst carpenters and joiners in Reykjavik, the ratio being 1/3 piecework to 2/3 timework. The piecework rate was 1.5 as compared to 1.0 for timework. In other sectors, in the painting and bricklaying trades, for instance, virtually all work is done on a piecework basis and the wage conditions are similar to those in the carpentry sector. There was a great increase in activities in the building industry over the past year and consequently there was no unemployment. In fact, many members who went to look for work abroad during the years of unemployment, came back to Iceland again. There are now only 30 or 40 of them abroad, mainly in Sweden. The highest amount ever was about 140. ster- 88 the s vitoA no noqef 70, and passed The Fifth Conference of the Federation of Building Workers was held obe blutboste ne yd bewollot aaw bns 80er ni babna insmyolqmanu bns noises to bois en The Federation of Building Workers togel gobliud to be leporeni vogne lahedivis an economic, state and military necessity; to develop the professional skills of building their cation tion for the techn hung schools for the building is local bisbe art is beyolqme 916 edu The FBW -ub choffe vnem pridem good and insist on a larger resource for Indisper bns zi hore with provision for Se si bas shams? risb mont anoitibnoo Locat poll which shall bsd say insos pni auris sbext ari ni ninis bensys bas 1s 101 stuiten rit 888 after becoins erti ing ibod по раппоз pnibliud to ed blug noni of sebio ni upinvine and services and ud of splot ismer arts bluoda yerT no flas of 2sv10291 on even lliw vers zovleamoriz The erit s 101 real nimsa seedTempt bris bisod 119 the being ment of cantos 1979 I ne of one To ob sw 9rld to annimse betoubrop over! sw doinly paitub toy 219 how poibliod 000, vd 1st og bobnars need svan bne worldfor here ed lliw voxes Y gobi nkemol acestovno juo 16.loori2.abeT the FB bre vices, Qualration of the nstantly promote the alla of: fliw allila yiszen sit tuorliw.vino.digne reased payment of compens bns yfzxob Tsunam regular work 2) Inclusion of the ful Irudid conditions the tens of thousands of eved odw. bins aucienoo noinU 1.ymoncos fenoitan orb netto of pnirizon sveri ostate show bns sonsvbs of 1ebno ni aboim xolup ployer's allocations to 219 how all to ythetxeb bris 3) Demanding payment of insurance for days of ness, 4) Incre bris, vataus pribliud e.g. leave, atne gimmi wp buco bal sees el turi riquons ton 5) Expanding the assistance of the Fund for Housing Building well... be avoiy.osobnsmadeinto uogos no sidevebianoo won es gniauor gnibuloni pribliud to atzoo sifT Get 19risonA019 asiquoo beiniam grupy not noiz gimmi beesstoni not gnizuór as roue atnemalupet simonose 18 175 ISRAEL zu vieta sorbenuans of astia gnibliud srl is nolaivisque inloj bris NATIONAL UNION OF say s tromis not no winsmen nA art of 2016> howsosiq gningsvog insm lodw srl navoo of bebrstxs need and i won sy wet tasq ar svo howsosiq erit liveplyafi ni nanioj bns an ado of asbe gninioj bas vitneqso art to gratasmar risiw bedoo boilage ybeetle baix airt to insme noitibo bevonami not aised s ammat vanoupant art ni sassoni on y Showsmit BS of showe gnivsblind bns gni BUILDING WORKERS הסתדרות פועלי הבנין ni ezort of slimia howemiz sol 0.1 of bensqm es aland> howsosiq s no snob zi> how lls menu on sw en vitroupeanco bris issy sq sri tavo vizubni pnibliud srit sme nemvolqmenu to essay siz gohub brands show not xool of new orlw ziedmom ynom gost ni inamyolq reve nuoma 120rigid or nobowe ni vinism beords morts to OP 10 0Ɛ vino won 916 91T.nisps basisol or xosd OM Juods asW Report on Activities 1969-1972 The period of recession and unemployment ended in 1968 and was followed by an expedited economic activity of the Israeli economy in general, and of building in particular. The building industry passed from slump to boom. About 10.000 workers had dropped out, so there was a gov shortage of manpower. undations for a 20 in the purch More than 70,000 workers now make a living in the branch, including about 50,000 Israelis. Another 20,000 from Judah, Samaria and the Gaza Strip are employed at the standard Israeli rates, with all the established social conditions. for The recession had a bad effect on the building workers, and our Union has been making many efforts during recent years to bring back those workers who dropped out. The Union cooperates with other bodies in order to provide general and advanced training in the trade, thus securing a reserve of skilled workers. In this connection it should be mentioned that in 1969 the" Institute for Training, Specialisation and Efficiency of the Building Industry" was established jointly by the Ministry of Labour, employer bodies and the Federation of Building Workers. This Institute encourages the acquisition of skills, advanced courses, experience, efficiency and new techniques in order to increase the output and income of building workers. At the same time we demand that apprentices should be paid a fair wage and have permanent employment, so as to ensure that they remain in the Industry. For we know that permanent workers do not drop out- only those who are temporary. We make it clear to building companies and contractors that if they do not ensure groups of workers for themselves they will have no reserves to call on. They should therefore introduce working conditions which encourage young men to enter the branch. We do our best to make our active cadres fully aware of the need for learning and further study. This is the fifth year during which we have conducted seminars at the Remez Convalescent Home. These seminars last for a week, and have been attended so far by 4,000 building workers. We arrange for their pay, their board and lodging, and the fees of the lecturers who are brought to these courses. In about a year's time the Midrasha or Trade School at our Convalescent Home in Zichron Yaakov will be completed. There we aim to hold longer courses for building workers in order to strengthen their worker and Union consciousness. We stress that before very long workers who have physical strength only, without the necessary skills, will have nothing to offer the national economy. It will be necessary to have vocational training, manual dexterity and quick minds in order to advance and work satisfactorily. Study and advanced courses will increase workers' incomes: apart from which, the wellbeing of a country to meet can be measured by the skill and dexterity of its workers. Considerable building activity wing ma to since A housing shortage has plagued Israel during recent years, and has had a number of side- effects. In this connection we repeatedly declare that there is too much non- essential building in the country, and not enough that is essential. What is now vitally necessary is building for young married couples, new immigrants, and those who must leave condemned slums. The costs of building, including housing, are now considerable on account of high demand due to various economic requirements such as: housing for increased immigration, for young married couples, etc. Another fac176 utual tor making for increasing costs is lack of rational organisation of work, as well as absence of rational working bla methods and of incentive pay systems. itio This finds expression in a considerable extension of the time needed for building, and in a waste of manpower. We are calling on the government of Israel to take steps for the deferment of non- essential building, so that we can carry out the building vitally needed by the economy. Workers from Judah, Samaria and the Gaza Strip Frag BASA Ove Tre, A aska eaer over IncrIn Israel, building now provides employment for about 20,000 workers from Judah, Samaria and the Gaza Strip. This source of manpower, however, delays the more rapid introduction of up- to- date industrialisation and mechanisation. It is generally known that in Europe as well the use of guest workers from other countries has slowed down the mechanisation and industrialisation of the building industry. The Fifth Conference beonsmmo 085, AS OTA, 88 166Y and 008.SS 081, as OTE, 88 The Fifth Conference of the Federation of Building Workers was held on 1-2 September 1970, and passed the following resolutions: 088,02 - - - Mis ufac Joan Ford 51. rter The Federation of Building Workers together with the government and the employers shall take all steps required to ensure reserves of young workers that shall be adequate for the requirements of building which is an economic, state and military necessity; to develop the professional skills of building workers and foremen, promote their general education and preparation for the technological requirements of our period, and secure the establishement of vocational training schools for the building trades with provision for secondary education. betalamo betsigmo beonemmo 28.1 The FBW shall insist on a larger measure of independence in determining its vocational policy, which shall serve as a main resource for improving the conditions and standards of living of the workers and shall become a means of attracting youth and adults to this occupation. Timo The FBW shall work towards the development of various incentive wage systems in order to increase efficiency, productivity and the income of the workers, introducing a method of norms and premiums according to the wishes of the workers, developing conditions that shall be conducive to organised contractual work and the grant of satisfactory income tax remissions, as well as the gradual introduction of worker participation in management and profits within the Histradut contractor structure, public and private building companies. The FBW shall support the Histadrut in respect of its decision to preserve the existent cost- of- living allowance system with the aim of safeguarding the real wages of the workers, securing price stability for vital commodities and services and ensuring that taxes should not increase. The FBW shall take steps to shorten the working week to a total of 45 hours apart from the three summer months when summer hours shall be worked. The FBW shall demand that building workers employed continuously for a period of one year by the same employer shall receive food allowances and two sets of working clothes and shoes. E The FBW shall secure the full implementation of all safety regulations at building sites in order to preserve the wellbeing and health of the workers, and shall work for the participation of employers in the establishment of canteens and restaurants at building sites, where meals shall be supplied at low prices. The FBW shall work for the equalisation of the social conditions of building workers with those of the services, and shall constantly promote the social insurance of the tens of thousands of building workers, by means inter alia of: 1) Increased payment of compensation and its alignment with the amounts customary for permanent and regular workers in the Histadrut and public building sectors. 2) Inclusion of the full contractor wage or premium in the employer's allocations to the Insurance Fund in order to safeguard the personal and collective rights of the member of the Insurance Fund on his full ni begs wage. how not- bnu sons wanted to nemrzildates or to vissvinns tras erb bachem over yeM begsewage. 3) Demanding payment of insurance for days of recognised absence, e.g. leave, convalescence, festivals, illto anst ness, accident and service in the military reserves. ivong srit ai ids to saoquq - to 4) Increased employer payment to the recuperation fund annually in order to ensure 7 days of recuperation to all building workers with the right of accumulation up to two years, likewise to increase the opportun21yities ities for members' families to go on holiday and variegate the forms of recuperation.bourT to 25) Expanding the assistance of the Fund for Housing Building Workers, particularly those in need and families with many children. 219 177 Building in figures sonsada zs low as h to Building by million m2 to dos al azado priassoni not enixam 100 staya yoq evinsoni to bris abortem Year Commenced abnit ein bliud leite For housing Completed Residence 1967 2,815 1,650 3,518 met swog 2,381 1968 3,822 pnibliud sr 2,396 teri 3,421 1,994 1969 4,977 3,611 OF 3,630 2,428 er bne 1970 5,426 ent mechow 4,246 4,347 3,098 1971 6,640 most 5,020 5,375 won pr3,805 les leanal ni bns alT.qiu2 Number of apartments nwond noitsainaroem Year 1968 Commenced Completed bns noiteainaribam erit nwob bawola 24,260 22,600 Report 1969 36,410 1972 25,480 ponentnosti od 1970 00 44,050 по 1971 rec 50,930 30,950 W 38,370 8 to noissabo erit to consvetno dati adT enwollp? ariz The minister of housing has recently stated that some 50,000 housing units will be required in 1972.T Public and private building in 1971 Public building Commenced 1,985 Completed 1,745 Housing Commenced 1,420 Completed 1,285 yailog isn ns stomon.pam 120 94 910SE shed social noutsoube Seni llare W83 T forts durPrivate building Housing Commenced 2,520 Public Commenced 22,770 Completed 3,600 Commenced 3,630 Completed 4,655 Vonsio Private Completed 33,050 Commenced 15,600 Completed 17,880 moo Wages of building workers Inclusive wages of building workers( development) in Israel pounds( IL). BW BW C B A AA AAI EXCEL- EXCELLENT 1 1.5.1968 15.70 17.05 1.12.1969 1.1.1970 16.33 16.1.1970 16.77 1.12.1970 17.16 1.1.1971 1.8.1971 1.1.1972 18.50 20.00 21.55 20.50 22.10 23.75 18.40 19.45 20.90 22.75 ylauounianoo beyolms 17.73 19.14 20.23 21.74 23.66 18.23 19.67 20.76 22.31 24.32 18.67 20.13 21.25 22.84 24.89 17.51 19.07 20.56 21.70 23.32 25.42 22.85 24.50 26.70 25.25 27.05 29.45 LENT 25.35 24.75 28.35 25.74 26.36 29.48 26.42 27.07 30.28 27.04 27.72 30.99 27.62 28.30 31.66 29.00 29.85 33.30 32.05 33.15 36.85 T foca ed low gris Inem edT The employer now pays 31 percent of the workers' daily wage to the Insurance Fund. The worker pays 4.5 percent. 25 years of the building workers' Insurance Fund d to noizuloni( S Spountry May 1970 marked the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the Insurance Fund for Workers engaged in building and public works. nibnsm( 8 The main purpose of this Fund is the provision of mutual aid and security, more particularly for the tens of thousands of members, assuring their future when they stop working as builders or cease earlier on account of illness, invalidity or accident. eho The Fund has progressed during these years in the provision of membership rights. In the past three years we have increased the contribution by contractors by 2.5 percent, towards recuperation, seniority and rights of permanent workers. ous 178 Another fac Fund in aid of those requiring housing L. 653.70 ficult housing con The Fund has recently resolved to assist members with large families, who live under difficult housing conditions. L A member entitled to this aid who continues to be a member of the Fund for 10 years after receiving aid is granted a sum of IL5,600 and a loan of IL10,000. The latter is returned in low- interest payments over a period of , 600 and a loa 20 years. working hours: 40 hours per Increase in seniority allowances Show pribliua) Since 1st January 1972, we have increased Seniority Allowances to building workers belonging to the Fund up to a maximum of IL50 monthly, instead of the former amount of IL15 monthly. This is a more than threefold increase. Vocational invalidity en, from the years of service, 74 ercent they reAt the same time we have reduced the age of retirement owing to vocational invalidity from the earlier minimal age of 55 to 52 or even 51. This improves the situation of senior members who have to give up their work as builders on account of illness or partial invalidity. L. 617.05 admom to qu sbsm Jain f Miscellaneous The law of modular coordination L.61 essive oivler61.80 inoT onsisi 33.30 istuslo eqqsu Via Isnoiten V16791088 Isnoitan The ministry of housing has prepared a draft law for the introduction of Modular coordination in building a method of establishing uniform measurements in building plans. The Draft Law aims to impose the duty of planning according to this method, after receiving the opinion of the Israel Building Centre. The minister of housing will require owners of the buildings, bodies and persons ordering or engaging in their construction to make use, in the entire building or any part of it, of the products listed in an order and manufactured in accordance with the standards of this method. The government and its authorities will not provide loans, grants or financial participation, nor will any bank supply credits for building purposes to any building which is not planned or constructed accordingly, in part or in whole. Foreign relations speleb yd besool Various delegations of building workers from other countries visit Israel. In Summer 1971 we were hosts to the Executive Committee members of the Swedish Building Workers Union. A delegation of the young members of the German Building Workers Union also visited Israel. At present a delegation consisting of some 20 Swedish building workers are in the country. They are making a return study and work tour, following a similar tour on the part of an Israeli delegation in Sweden some years ago. The Swedish delegation are working at Solel Boneh building sites. epew viritnom rhE ribbs pl 08 16 gizive a 29i1ogesso erit ils not nuori neq 08 911 to sessioni ns: pniwollot piboineq to 1sdmun er ni sassoni aysb@ othi babivib auort Op of losw show srit to aspsw erit to- neons 08 of thebioos 10 assnili to aaso ni azitened Isionsnit erit to Wor and legislation torte puido nusistata anitasiese of spies since plaind Usupe: lls not sta emea erit 16 928ioni agaws: bowane w anemange searit mit art te gniwollot erb espaw a'ritnom eno) vtinoinse not noiteansqmoo; laysb 0) bamsono es anoiteosV 28 161 26 299yolga brs how Professionalspswite namysq yirtinom bns, nebioos to zasnili to 9283 ni adgow llut to insmysq erit;( issy show 190 as llewhee tion due in part to the prospects of technological development in Italian industry which do not 888 to define precise and easily identifiable stand standards for pro for professsional training. anoiibnoo gnishow bns sageW awollot as 18,101 noison is ni cohogere tenettibor 10W 179 ITALY tib 1obne vil orlw, ceilimet 1969 1970 1971 1671208 Of hot bnu adr to vevo ateng testril- wol ni ba 4.977 5,426 5,540 bnu erit of nignoled a1f1ow gnibliud or ason blotsent ne oma zi aid vidnom t Commenced 24.260 36.410 priauori priniups szorty to bis ni bu dentaizes or bevlozen vinso01 zeri bu erT Comple FEDERAZIONE ITALIANA LAVORATORI COSTRUZIONI E AFFINI 245 ( CISL) 1347 ( Building workers) anoitib dence edmam A muz s bezp 2.428 asey OS 22 ศ 246 ยาว ล ew ster visunal ral soniz bustani yirinom 0.1 to mumixsms of qu 1926910 Organisation 25.480 vtibilsvni lanoitsooV The FILCA- CISL held its congress in Montecatini in April, 1969, and at that time the leadership of our organization renewed. The organizational bodies of our organization are as follows: The secretariat, made up of five members: de to sgs lemi yfibilavni isih Secretary general national secretary Comm national secretary national secretary national secretary bom to noutoubonai Stelvio Ravizza Tiziano Toni Giuseppe Colautti Giancarlo Pelachini Giovanni Oggero aubensileɔziM nollenbrood islubom to wel edT pniauori to zinim enT bortiem s The General council, made up of 29 members, including the members of the Secretariat. to no The Executive Committee, made up of 15 members, including the members of the Secretariat. onT During a recent meeting, the principal decision- making body of the Federation( the General Council) resolved to include the leaders from 26 other provinces, as well as 18 regional coordinators, in the General Council. The number of workers enrolled in the Federation increased in 1970 by 12 percent and in 1971 by 15 perstu cent. In the sectors with a permanent plant- wood, cement products, cement and bricks- union dues are col- l lected by delegation, whereas in the construction sector, union dues are collected by service shares, or by delegation, or by the two systems together. A membership card and the normal membership costs vary from Lire 4,500 to Lire 6,000 with maximum fees of Lire 24,000. When enrollment takes place by delegation, the dues are set at 1 percent of the wages. grls to ex orb of ed to 219d Developments in collective bargaining During 1969 we renewed the collective agreements in the construction, cement products, and cement and bricks sectors, with an average wage increase of 15 percent and a reduction of the work week to 40 hours, divided into 5 days. The average vacation lasts 15 work days. In addition, a 13th monthly wage is paid out to all the categories( and we have finally achieved the payment of 80 percent of the wages in periods of illness or accident). We undertook the renewal of the wood workers' collective agreement in Spring, 1970, which reached the following: an increase of Lire 80 per hour for all the categories; a revision of the production bonus; the reduction of the work week to 40 hours, divided into 5 days; increase in the number of periodic seniority increases; a raising of the financial benefits in case of illness or accident to 80 percent of the wages. All the contracts are valid for three years; at the end of the year, the construction, cement products, and brick and cement contracts run out. Our organization, in agreement with the other organizations, plans to achieve the following at the time these agreements are renewed: a wage increase at the same rate for all; equality between workers and employees as far as vacations are concerned( 30 days); compensation for seniority( one month's wages per work year); the payment of full wages in case of illness or accident, and monthly payment of wages. In the construction sector, the union organizations have set an annual guaranteed income as a goal as well as the wage increase. Wages and working conditions Wages, for the different categories in the construction sector, are as follows: years of 180 III - hourly wage for skilled worker L. 653.70 hourly wage for semi- skilled worker hourly wage for unskilled worker L. 583.70 L. 518.10 L. 470.50 USMIXUI - IIIII - - 15.3 hourly wage for general labour Territorial compensation in this sector, paid on the basis of basic wages: vary from a minimum of 9.47 percent to a maximum of 39.87 percent; working hours: 40 hours per week divided into 5 days per week; vacations: 15 working days are paid; illness- accident payments: 80 percent of the wages from the 3rd to the 60th day; integration of earnings: in case of work suspension due to bad weather or other reasons, 80 percent of the day wages are paid out during a period of 3 months; seniority payment: 13 days per year of service. During the year, 17 days of wages are allocated for holidays; She retirement: Social Security, on the basis of the new retirement law, pays women, from the age of 55 years, and men, from the age of 60 years, and after 40 years of service, 74 percent of the average wages they received during the preceding 5 years. Beginning in 1976, retirement pay will be raised to 80 percent of the preceding 10 years. Wood -vitos hourly wages skilled worker L. 617.05 hourly wages semi- skilled worker L. 561.80 L. 533.30 L. 489.20 hourly wages unskilled worker hourly wages general labour production bonus: a production bonus is paid out from a minimum of 6 percent to a maximum of 11 percent of the basic hourly wage; vacations: 14 paid days per year, with a maximum of 19 days per year after 18 years of service; a 13th monthly payment corresponding to 200 hours of hourly wages; seniority payment for each year of service, from a minimum of 56 hours to a maximum of 120 hours; bi- yearly seniority raises have been established with a maximum of 4 raises, a 2 percent increase for each raise. As far as illness and retirement are concerned, the same stipulations as in construction hold true. of For all the other categories, the payments are analogous. Developments in the industry amia In our country the construction industry has not undergone great changes and the industrialization of the sector is far from accomplished; in particular in the prefabricated construction sector, we are still in the initial phase. On the other hand, a remarkable technological development has taken place in the wood, cement products, brick and cement sectors, to the point where we can consider ourselves among the most advanced countries. noitibbs The labour market situation [ bs xeb Insors d. to muminim s In Italy the labour market continues to be very fluid as far as construction work is concerned, with ups and downs due to cyclical crises with predominant structural components. angite In the other sectors, we notice: a rise in the employment level in the wood sector and a recession in the brick, cement products, and cement sectors, as a direct consequence of technological developments which have influenced the production sectors in question. iod of Workers' rights and legislation Stera. On 20 May 1970 the law 300" Statute on Workers' Rights" was promulgated in Italy. This law represents an important step in the protection and defense of workers' rights since, by being a national law, it covers all parts of the population. Professional training vitello abnu not bebivong ai show zuoixon bns yfiib auonsone ibni ros moozeshow with seven on bns yfib auonspnsb not noitsansqmo you web al edoj rious to jail a jost ni yiozluq In what concerns professional training, a stagnation of initiative has taken place in all the sectors, a stagnation due in part to the prospects of technological development in Italian industry which do not as yet allow us to define precise and easily identifiable standards for professsional training. ho lennut 9: 12.1970: Law on reduction of working hours, introducing the 44- hour week as of dgin lanbiteaks ribs thoumane brigamiq 8 neewted smievo sono ds- m.q 8 of quemine 1.1 P 181 LUXEMBURG Organisation بر how bellile not spaw yhoodexsow bel yhuon 19how bellipanu not opew yhuori uodal Ishoneg rot ogaw yhuor asgow plead to ties LETZEBURGER ALIAnamo laitoineT ARBECHTERVERBAND ( LAV) usage to aysb I say art gru RUZIONI e fo muminim a mont nev eq nuori 04 cuori nishow ayeb nishow a noise 08: arnsmysq nabioos- 22snilli how to samo ni primes to noisesti E to boisq s pohub tuo bisq 916 28gew to yeb CT Jnemyeqythonsz 08 to ss alt most nam bris The LAV is a free trade union of workers of both sexes employed in industry and in public and private undertakings. This means that the building and woodworkers form part of the LAV, and represent 1,500 workers out of the total membership of 21,000. booW The building and woodworkers are governed by the LAV Statutes, and thus the decisions of the Congress of the organisation are binding for them. The LAV is organised according to industrial sectors, and for each branch there is a Sectorial Management Committee which is responsible for following trends and problems in its branch, discuss such problems and take a stand regarding all matters concerning work and wages. og segew yhwor In addition to the Sectorial Management Committee which is elected annually by the plant delegates, activities in the sector are also supervised by the competent Central Secretary who is a member of the Executive Committee. At the present time, this post is held by brother John Castegnaro, who has his office in the Administrative Headquarters of the LAV at 60, bd Kennedy, in ESCH/ ALZETTE. The proportion of organisation in the building trade is approximately 22 percent in the LAV and around 12 percent in the Christian Trade Unions, i.e. 34 percent altogether. The reason for this is that 90 percent of the building workers in Luxemburg are foreigners and cannot easily be encompassed by trade unions. At present, the LAV employs two full- time secretaries for the foreign workers who represent 36 percent of workers in industry. Trade union dues amount to 1 percent of gross monthly wages. Collective bargaining developments Collective agreements in Luxemburg are generally concluded for a period of two years. Another important feature is that apart from negotiated wage increases, the wages of building and all other workers are automatically adjusted to the cost of living; this is done by means of the cost- of- living index which is published by the Price Control Board on the basis of monthly price surveys. Thus the contractual and effective wages were increased by 8 percent as from May 1, 1970; to this were added approximately 9.5 percent index adjustments effected once in the course of the two- year period, so that in effect, wages were increased by 17.5 percent. On 1 May, a new twoyear agreement was signed, stipulating a wage increase( contractual and effective wages) of 11 percent, in addition to which a minimum of 7.5 percent index adjustments are likely during the next two years, thus making the total increase 16.5 percent. In the course of negotiations this year, a joint committee was set up with the task of elaborating proposals before the present agreement comes up for renewal, concerning reorganisation of working hours, annual vacations, loyalty bonuses and new rulings on illicit work. Wages and working conditions Contractual wages on 1.5.1972: how NQ: 56.70 Fr./hour; SQ: 60.15 Fr./hour; Q1: 65.45 Fr./hour; Q2: 75.20 Fr./hour; Q3: 90.20 Fr./hour( Fr. refers to Belgian francs). It should be noted, however, that effective wages are on an average 15 percent higher. Bonuses: for seniority Compensation for dangerous, dirty and noxious work is provided for under collective agreements and is compulsory. In fact, a list of such jobs is drawn up jointly by the employer and the workers' committee for each individual undertaking, the list being accompanied by a list of the respective bonuses. In general, a bonus of 5.- Fr./ hour is paid for dirty work, nauseating work, work at heights over 15 metres, work subject to vibrations, shaft and tunnel work. Overtime pay: tion sec Overtime up to 8 p.m.- 25 percent; overtime between 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. - 50 percent; exceptional night182 - work 50 percent; scheduled nightwork- 15 percent; work on Sunday- 50 percent; work on public holidays- 150 percent. Working hours: 019 no libnu E imjui as flew a On an average, working hours amount to 44 hours a week and are distributed as follows: 10 hours/ day from 15.3. to 14.10; 9 hours/ day from 15.10 to 30.10; 9 hours/ day from 1.3. to 14.3; 8 hours/ day in February and November; 7 hours/ day in December and January. Working hours cover a five- day week; Saturdays and Sundays are days off. Vacation: lubs zebivog doidw 911 Under 18 years: 24 working days; from 19 to 29 years: 18 working days; from 30 to 37 years: 21 working days; 38 years and over: 24 working days. Half the paid vacation is taken in the form of a collective holiday amounting to 12 days starting on Christmas Day. Vacation pay amounts to average wages. Sickness and accident benefits: nammoo Sickness and accident benefits for building workers are provided for by the legal rules and regulations which apply to all workers in general. There is no supplementary insurance. Half the premiums are paid by the worker and half by the employer. Thus the worker's contribution amounts to 4 percent for the sickness insurance scheme and 7 percent for the pension fund( percentage of gross wages). In case of sickness, the worker receives 70 percent of his gross wages, and in case of an industrial accident, he gets 80 percent of gross wages. Old age pensions are calculated on the basis of contributions paid. Bad- weather compensation wage: Tab ni Building workers and craftsmen are entitled to a compensation wage in case of bad weather. Neither the worker nor the employer has to pay any special contribution with a view to obtaining such compensation, because the means stem from State funds. The sole conditions: no compensation is paid for the first 8 working hours in any one month, the following 8 hours are paid for by the employer, and any remaining hours when work has to be cancelled are paid for by the State. The compensation wage amounts to 80 percent of gross wages and is paid to all workers without exception and without any qualifying period. Major developments in the industry odsl or -volume to adm ylinumm HA Following the recession years 1967-1968, the building trade received a fresh impetus in 1969. The volume of building operations increased substantially especially in 1970 because investments by private enterprise reached a record level and demand for new apartments on the part of families received a new stimulus due to improved earnings. In 1971, this building boom could not only be consolidated, but further intensified, so that the building sector, unlike other industrial sectors, is now witnessing an exceptional period of prosperity. Moreover, demand for the construction of self- contained houses and flats has grown still further in 1972, a point which plays an important part in investment credits earmarked by the State and by public undertakings(+ 10 percent). However, building prices have also gone up, thus leading to an overall price increase in the building trade of some 40 percent in the period 1969-1971 incl. This rise in prices is not only due to increases in the cost of labour and material, but also to the wider profit margins of the undertakings. Pahang Branch. This branch Situation on the labour market late of thi The boom in the building trade has created new tensions on the labour market. This is especially due to the fact that 90 percent of the building workers are foreigners, 40 percent of whom are Portuguese, and 40 percent Italian. In order to be able to recruit the necessary additional manpower, Luxemburg has concluded agreements with Portugal and Yugoslavia. However, there is a shortage of skilled workers, who after being recruited for the building trade stay in it for a relatively short period of time and then move to other industries. The number of foreign workers has again grown considerably, which means that it is very difficult to stabilise the labour force. Industrial and labour legislation in Luxemburg apply without exception to all workers employed in our country. Labour legislation.com The following new laws have been passed in labour legislation: sian. Curren 24 June 1970: an amended Law on protection against termination of employment, which provides for notice of 4 to 12 weeks( depending on time in employment) together with additional redundancy benefits amounting to between 1 and 3 months' wages. 9.12.1970: Law on reduction of working hours, introducing the 44- hour week as of 1.1.1971 and the 40hour week as of 1.1.1975, without any wage cuts. 183 28.1.1971: Law on Compensation Wage for Bad weather conditions, which has been mentioned under Wages and Working Conditions above. 13.2.1971: A decree of the Council of Ministers on the Promotion of housing construction for foreign workers( as well as furnishing flats). Vocational training is bns gnishow. 06 00 od 01.At or Ear Due to the high percentage of foreign workers, there are practically no apprentices in the building trade. The existing out- dated training system is therefore not applied. In 1971, however, a training centre was set up for the foreign workers, which provides adult education in the form of intensive training courses. Those who follow a course at the centre receive a diploma which guarantees them a new wage rating in the wage scale. Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest of gnitnuoms Our organisation is strongly in favour of international cooperation, and has therefore joined the IFBWW as well as the Joint Commission of Building- and Woodworkers of the EEC. Through our trade union federation, we also participate in all national and international conferences which are likely to be of interest and use for our trade union work. noizneq We believe in the EEC and support its extension. then We advocate economic democracy, i.e. we believe that political democracy should be supplemented by a democratic economic constitution, which- without prejudice to ownership- displaces the discretionary power of disposition in such a way as to protect the interests of workers and employees as well as safeguarding the interests of society. We therefore demand joint decision- making at the level of the plant and the undertaking as well as in the ve economic sector: hence the establishment of joint economic administration( we reject any idea of progressive introduction of the system) in which Capital and Labour are placed on an equal footing and jointly make decisions under the control of the community. All problems of an economic or social nature or pertaining to labour legislation are dealt with by us through our representatives in the National Economic and Social Council, which is composed of equal numbers of employers and workers respectively. We try to disseminate information through our own daily newspaper as well as our trade union publications. go pnibliud to We have our own bank, house- building society, consumer cooperatives, etc. through which we wish to influence the price policy of our country and perform the function of controlling and stabilising prices. cham model sc no enoienst tt ni mood ar HP ion analo Central hot beziune prise 1976 orl npistol to odun sit un sitt zeinubni narito o svom med bna smis to boineq norla vlevitale a updef Joris ensem doinw.videobienia bne lepurio triw shorts evewoH ( Fr. refe 184 Comper ods. indi- Fr asgow' arinom& bns I neewied of pni to 28 xoow uod- AA ads gniaubotni nuo prihow to noisouben no wad: orer.sr.e Overtime between Bioperuortallopols 25 perce MALAYSIA mmsvop adr woll.noitsansqmoo nama SAWMILLS AND TIMBER INDUSTRY WORKERS UNION ( West Malaysia) ow yd beneveo 916 cawoll 915 Organisation of the This Union came into being in the year 1968. At first the membership was from the East Coast with 250 members. Due to lack of enthusiasm it could not progress very much. In fact the membership in that area lapsed. Towards the end of 1968 there was a strike in United Plywood and Sawmills Limited in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan. Through the efforts of Malaysian Trades Union Congress, N.S. Division and Brother B.R.N. Thampi, the strike was settled. The 250 workers in this factory joined the above Union, and the Negeri Sembilan Branch was established. This branch later became the launching pad for our Union. The Head Quarters was shifted to Seremban from Kepong in Selangor in 1969. This was done because most of our officials were from Seremban. The membership of our Union at present is about 2,000. Out of this about 1,000 are in benefit. Our members are scattered all over the Country and in every remote areas. done The officials of our Union who were elected at our 3rd Annual Delegate Conference on August 1971, are as follows: 5. Mour Of these timber Forest miles of prod President 4,000 vice presidents General secretary's ribirlw ass. general secretary forests totalli treasurer reserved pigoaq gnuoy privolge al vita Hussein Bin Omar M. Krishnan Ismail Bin Muda G. Balan Benjamin Miranda the Shariff bin Awang At present we have 6 branches, they are as follows: Phang Yoon Chow. -23 1. Negeri Sembilan Branch, formed in 1968 with 250 members sonenib 2. Johore Branch, formed in 1969 with 318 members 3. Perak Branch, formed in 1971 with 389 members 4. 5. 6. $ Trengganu Branch. This branch from East Coast was reorganised in early 1971, with a membership of 246. Selangor Branch was organised, also in 1971, with a membership of 180. Pahang Branch. This branch was formed in late 1971 with 250 members. The members are from the Jengka Triangle, which is the heart of the Timber Industry of this country. soderist The figures given above are the numbers of members when the branches were formed. Since then, these branches have progressed.mo -bilsvni taraq to Collective bargaining development ebivorq oals yinues glor beaubou einer ydi As you see from our report on organisation, we are at a beginning stage in most places. We are now struggling to get recognition from companies and factories in these places. We managed to get recognitions from 5 companies. The Departm about to loslot of sub esitilio At present we have entered into negotiations on collective bargaining with these 5 companies( 1 in Johore, 1 in N.S., 2 in Perak and 1 in Treng). 1 collective bargaining in Perak has been referred to the industrial court. timber in the com Wages and working conditions The wages The wages in this industry is about$ 4.00 per day for males and about$ 2.00 per day for females.( Malaysian Currency). Where there is no Union the wages are far more lower than this. The workers are not provided with accommodation. The workers live near these industries. In some places they do not get any bonuses at all. The working hours is 8 hours per day. Recently the government limited the hours of overtime to a maximum of 32 hours in one month. tion of million ain At present the Employment Ordinance provide certain fringe benefits to all workers in this country. There 185 are as follows: ith the Paid vacation: 7 days leave with pay if the worker completed 12 continuous months of service with the same employer. motion 14 days leave with pay if the worker has completed more than 5 years of continuous service with the same employer. Q A38MIT Sick leave: A worker after completing 12 months of continuous service with the same employer is entitled to 14 days sick leave if he is not hospitalised and 60 days if he is hospitalised. Maternity leave: All female workers are entitled to 60 days maternity leave with full pay. Accident benefits: All workers are covered by workersmen compensation. Now the government has introduced a new scheme known as the Social Security Scheme. This scheme has been introduced in certain parts of this country. Where this scheme has not been introduced the workermen compensation still exist. At present there is no old age benefits for any workers in this industry. noitseinsg O What is provided in the employment ordinance is only the minimum. My union is all out to improve these working conditions and wages with our present negotiations. Major development of the industry T Their is a big demand for veneer plywood and sawn timber. Many factories are being established with moderate capital investment. berizilds729 gs mo red power Situation on labour market ed As more and more young people are coming into the employment market, there is an unemployment problem and as such this industry is employing young people with low wages. Where there is no union the employers are exploiting the situation. Labour legislation ons ―2 1. Here are a list of labour laws and legislations in this country, which at present are in force. Employment Ordinance 1955 Roy3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2. Trade Union Ordinance 1959 Industrial Relations Act 1967 Children and Young Persons Ordinance 1947 Employment( Restrictions) Act 1968 Workmen's Compensations Ordinance 1952 Wages Council Ordinance 1947 fiw 80er ni bomot Stone 8. BAS 9. Employees Provident Fund Ordinance 1951 Social Security Act 1969 .081 10. 11. blications, to influence nezen tA nelidma2 hopeM dmsm 818 iw 20er ni bemot roos18 stodol admam 988 ririw Tet ni barmotrons 8 le 80 1883 montronend airTdons unsna ni oals besinspo few dons18 nognels sw ronand airTron 8 gnerisq .S .8 w 40 A Societies Act 1966 Co- operative Ordinance 1948. Among these laws the first 3 are the important Labour Laws. a svode nevi stupit T The Social Security Act 1969 is a new legislation to replace the Workmen's Compensation Ordinance 1952. This new scheme is for industrial injuries and accidents. It also provides for a pension in case of permanent invalidity. This scheme is being introduced to this country in stages. At present this scheme is introduced only in certain parts of this country and gradually it will cover the whole country. Vocation training moo mov Joy A noisingosen tsp of pni At present our union does not have any vocational training facilities due to the lack of funds. acnities due to sineq A Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest 2.M ni t We have a potential of 30,000. Out of this our membership of 2,000 and only 1,000 are in benefit. Our subscription is$ 1.00( malaysian currency) and our present income is about$ 950.- to$ 1,000.-( m.c.). Some members do not bother to pay subscription regularly. Also they are scattered all over the country and in remote areas. We have to do lot of travelling to guide our state branch officials who are new to the trade Union. noitsbommoo We could do better if we have got a typewritter and a justification. This, we at present cannot afford due to our financial problems. dnom ano ni In our industry, there is only one multinational firms, that is Daishowa( M) Wood Products Sdn. Bhd. This 186 company has its headquarter in Japan. In our country this industry is not doing very well. For instances the 30 old plywood mills in this country are competing each other for foreign market. Due to this competitions the selling price of plywood has dropped considerably, and many mills are trading uneconomically. As it is now, in a year or so a few of this mills have to st close down. The workers will be the first victims. They will be unemployed. Another factor is, the exporting of to round logs( raw material) to foreign countries. At the rate it is being exported now, in 10 years or so our country will be exhausted of round timber and have to import logs from W. Malaysia( Sabah, Sarawak and Indonesia). Once we import logs, the price of logs will go up. Many sawmills and plywood factories bound to close down. We have urged our government to ban or limite the exportation of round timber but it seems to fall on deaf ears. Problems and prospects of the timber industry in West Malaysia ducts The production of logs from Malayan forests is today a major industry. It was estimated that in 1957 0 Malaya produced 1.15 million tons of timber and production has since increased to 2.7 million tons in 1966. In view of the increasing importance of timber industry, programmes have been drawn out to widen the forest acreage in Malaya. Similarly, silvicultural research has been initiated to investigate into and assess the value, problems and prospects of Malayan timber. ebnu amit sidizzog beaubong ad jedmit oimonoos to The forests of Malaysia are state- owned and fall into two categories. Reserved forests and state land forests. Forests reserves form the permanent forest estate of the country and are being dedicated to the growing of a continuous succession of timber crops. Five types of forests may be distinguished in West Malaysia. 1. Mangrove Swamp Forests growing in the tidal water and covering about 560 square miles mainly on the west coast. 2. 3. 2345 butz be evi Fresh- water to 916 bidw.to elsebnu need over! Swamp Forests covering about 2,000 square miles of alluvial flats near the coast. Lowland dipterocarp forests on dry land from sea- level up to an altitude of about 2,000 feet. prests on la up Hill dipterocarp forests between 2,000-4,000 feet.no ed neo 4. 5. Mountain forests about 4,000 feet. 90 ibem Isiutlupivlia to zna ( d alq lioz tasiot OT nwong bns Of these five types, the fresh- water swamps forests and lowland dipterocarp forests provide the bulk of the slqmaxs timber supplies. 1up91 21210306T to inemazzas, meldonq bi yhalimi2 Forest reservation in Malaya now extends to over 8,000 square miles of productive forest and 4,500 square miles of productive forests totalling 26 percent of the areas. to 9126w In Malaysia, the location of reserved forests is as follows: Name of state Area in Sq. Miles Accessible reserved for. Ispnutilidizess to meldonnoitsiolqxe aot salil in Sq. Milesonim to abo Johorel16( 2101svitlu 7,330 xd) bellostnoonu yl 1,907.1 nol Kedah admit.bensw gnis 3,660mit roum of basl 2011,332.4 mwob Kelantan Malacca to 29913 to enuise airit of 5,750 isib to 19dmun 18975.1 3,395.1 Percentage of whole area er( reserved forest) 26.0 J. 12910tsb ni noit 19vo be 36.4 K. 17.0 Ke. 7.8 M. 40.6 N.S.on al 11 bns( atas bamsano 24.5 Ph. S19 oz vi rious to noitst od tiolqxe of 640) wonxnu ylisuniv 250.0 no to abr Negeri Sembilant to as 2,565 ni sulsy leionemmo 1,041.8 wat sylio brit Pahang 13,873 lolo Penangshq erT.eldiazsopen 398 sons# 2910t nuo to inst22.6denabianos s vtilidia 5.7 Pg. brigen d Perak 7,980 hogansit qss 2,988.3 nebrisqabrlbum 37.4 Pk. Perlis 310 mesenwob apol prite 78.921200 25.5 Pr. air Selangor insyoud ton 91s 3,167 srl Ispigor ynsm cal 808.9 evi oldstiues en 25.5 Sg. em pnillet to sosia 08 Trengganu inssoni 15,087ns zotimmet bas ignul 1739.9 g arts not sidstiue 14.7 Tetsmilo a'sysis M ori) T. ylenen bris wol ai redmis lalo 50,700 to vtiansb srl airs 13,351.48.oubong hier b26.3 to suis er vissen viscow The Department of Forest( Kepong), after assessing the probable future needs of the country, has come up with many problems. aw system mort admit awes to suisy ad leveb bns asupindices First of all, the present forest reserve is far too small in acreage to support the increasing consumption of timber in the country. It has been known for many years that West Malaysia could not support herself indefinitely in timber if it had always to depend on virgin forests. One of the major problems of the forest Department, therefore, has been to develop a method of converting the existing low- yielding natural forests to a yield four or five times as great. This has been done, but the process which takes place as the original trees are exploited for timber, ten msbom ni requires time, because the growing of the new trees takes a period of 70 years. bos Another problem of Malaya's forest future is that which is connected with population increase. In 70 years' time, Malaya will have a population of about 28 million and an actual shortage of timber could easily occur. The Forest Department's belief is that this will almost certainly happen, and that it will do so at the turn of the pres187 ent century. In terms of sawn logs, Malaya, at a consumption figure of 5.5 cubic feet round true measure per capita, already probably uses more such timber per head than any other Far East Asian country outside Japan, and with rising standard of living it is not unreasonable to assume that this consumption figure will rise to 10 cubic 915 feet per head in the foreseeable future. From our present data 500-750 cubic feet of sawn logs per acre can be otbained from our virgin forests. We are fairly safe in assuming that by existing silvicultural treatment methods Colo we can produce 2,000-2,500 cubic feet of saw logs per acre in the next rotation- which for the average Malayan timber species is about 70 years. To supply some 280 million cubic feet or sawn logs( an estimate, for future consumption) we therefore no know that we shall have to produce, fell and generate again in the future some 115,000 acres of properly generated and silvicultural treated forest a year. And we therefore also know that to achieve this, we shall need a productive forest estate of 115,000 acres 70 i.e. 8,050,000 acres or in round figures, 12,500 sq. miles or 1/4 of the country to satisfy the needs of the future populace. bong adT Sub- basic problems are therefore: ito anos noillim af. beaubon sysisM Where are the productive forest reserves that are needed for these purposes to be sited having reference to reasonable access, transport, facilities, markets, security of tenure, and rival land use demand? a) bns b) c) How may the greatest possible amount of economic timber be produced in the shortest possible time under a sustained yield system, having regard to the government's policy on land and finance? 29107 How may the total timber produced be used to the best possible advantage? Answers to these problems are far from satisfactory though steps have been taken to solve them. For example, the solution to the first problem can be settled by the government only after detailed studies of the requisite soil and other sampling surveys have been undertaken in order to mark off which are the potentially productive forest areas. To answer the second problem, other questions should be considered and assessed whether the new crops grown under the present silvicultural system can be economically improved in terms of consumption, quantity and rate of growth by means of silvicultural treatment, intermediate felling; whether with the finance available the yield of the natural forests can be supplemented by the fast growing exotic plantations and whether these plantations can be established on land which is regarded as useless for other purposes, for example on degraded soils not suitable for permanent age. Similarly to answer the third problem, assessment of other factors is required: Whether in its constructional and manufactured uses, the timber yield is utilized in the best and most economical fashion; whether waste of timber which occurs after felling can be avoided by better sawmill practices. mi In these cases, the assessment of the factors lies in the research field of Chemistry, entomology( study of insects) and timber research. al cs1A M Last but not least are the other minor problems: like forest exploitation; problem of accessibility, fungal attacks etc. Exploitation in the upland region is virtually uncontrolled( by shifting cultivators) careless methods of deforestation and indiscriminate lacking down of the trees lead to much timber being wasted. Timber exploitation in Malayan forests is difficult because of the great number of different species of trees of various sizes scattered over a wide area. Uniform stands of one species is virtually unknown( which is a feature of Tropical Rain Forests), and it is not unusual to find only a few trees of commercial value in several acres of forest. This is particularly so where hardwoods are concerned. ETBEF enadeq With regard to assessibility a considerable extent of our forests areas are inaccessible. The practical exploitation of such forests is very much dependent upon cheap transport. The more remote areas will be uneconomical to exploit because of excessive transport costs. Floating logs downstream is no solution to this either, since the place of felling may not be near a suitable river and also many tropical hardwoods are not buoyant. Besides this, the Malaya's climate is very suitable for the growth of fungi and termites and their incessant attacks diminish so greatly the value of trees and their produce. Because of this, the density of commercial timber is low and rarely exceeds 20 tons to an acre. ( groqs> 1) 139107 to Insmise of oldsdong ad Despite of all these problems, their is a bright future for timber industry in Malaysia especially since new techniques and developments make wood a new material. The value of sawn timber exports from Malaya was about$ 62 million in 1963 and the exports were of 21 kinds of timber sent to highly industrialised countries of the world. Major timber buyers are Australia, United Kingdom, South Africa and Continental Europe. The most popular species for export are light red Meranti, Keruing, Jelutong and Mersawa. The prospects of the timber industry are in many fields. Great strides are being made in the use of timber in modern construction. Local architects are beginning to realise the possibilities of properly designed timber structures and at least three government departments have started construction of timber buildings on a large to scale. dmit to speriode leutos ne bris noillim 89 Juods to noirsluqoqs even Hiw sysisMemis The various low- cost housing projects throughout the Federation has increased the popularity of timber for 188 buildings and consequently demands on the design service and for low- cost prefabricated buildings have increased. Similarly timber frame construction is revolutionising permanent housing with speed, economy of labour, and quality. In flooring, furniture, decoration and in industry, wood's traditional qualities are enhanced by new scientific treatments and techniques. In hardwoods, softwoods, plywoods and veneers, wood already provides a range of properties and finishes unrivalled by any other material- and the new age of wood technology is extending them. 10 Silvicultural research has generally been concentrated on regeneration techniques for the dipterocarp forests, and Ecology on the study of composition and structure of primary forests. Recently, however, research into plantation methods and trials of promising exptics, mainly pines, has been intensified in view of the possibility of establish large scale pulp plantation in the degraded hills of the West Coast. The acreage for pine trees have increased and the prospects of pulp and paper industry are encouraging especially with increased research into forest products and wood residences. Timber industry of West Malaysia will be next only in importance to rubber and tin in the immediate future when the problems have been solved and properties of wood recognised. nibbuemad2 nid lisa! nisaauH nid ibarlo2 iqmsTM.A.8.M Inobles thebizon solv Vistos istené soillo 18x68 udA nid nemrs.bdA Over TotA 00.081 2 00.381 var nose latense Jean 018 qirlaedmsM anemqoloveb gainingad aviso/ 100 over.. mont sviras113 sveel loi( o) eveel insmexite( d) eves( s)( 1 ansol paisuoH( S) ancol 10( 1) anso.J. trigh nolens is 101st nolana ( S ( E face viale& Vials ( A 05.80 2 OE.POT 00.0 00.2A 02.01 19odel ba 00.021 $ 8.AST 00.00 00.231 00.0% 00.3 00.081 00.281 08.091 00.081 $ 8.AST 219vi10 00.001 Arest 00.00$ sa.acr 00.01s anoitibno gnihow 8 zapew Over.. 1911A 025- ax@ rs\ msxs\ 0s- 21xOSS& 088-04x08 absip noitomo19 000,1-0x088 abang noisomong 021-02x000, sbsip noitomorq 7b18929 28 3mse evode 27n61zizzA eaer.. noted max9\ 8AE- A1x08S\ maxe\ 881-8x0M 2 atnstzizas rioneszoR hed yoneisits\ 08A- TxA08 -843-0x88P Imaxe\ 08.sat- 08.5x0a.CET 2 otaqani odmiT Sep- 1x088\ mexe\ QAE- ATXTES 189 MALAYSIA UNION FOREST EMPLOYE UNION OF FOREST EMPLOYEES supsies bahibliud damn yndlimiz fytilsup dent pitit gong to Malayamoris lusivli8 03 mooloo brs boa abortisanoitst spudvildet gothedobas be bns atoub Organization Office bearers: President vice president general secretary asst. general secretary treasurer Membership: 870 Collective bargaining developments Effective from 1.1.1970 ( a) Leave( b) Retirement leave( c) Sick leave Loans( 1) Car loans( 2) Housing loans 1) 2) 3) Pension factor& pension right 4) Salary scale Before 1.1.1970 Forest labourer $ 96.20 104.30 Hiw sizycie M ubni sdmiT ad nerw Ismail bin Shamsuddin Sohadi bin Hussein Mr. B.R.N. Thampi Abd. Rahman bin Abu Bakar time under For the requisite uctive quantity finance available her these degraded requir economAfter 1.1.1970 $ 130.00 135.00 udy of in140.00 Head labourer 120.50 Grade 1 124.82 126.44 145.00 ity, fungal 150.00 methods of 160.00 ber exploita 165.00 catter170.00 Trop ical Rain For 175.00 This is particular180.00 185.00 of our 190.00 actical exploi neconomical Drivers 124.82 180.00 since the 129.14 190.00 Besides this, 135.62 200.00 the 210.00 and rarely Wages& working conditions Before 1.1.1969 Research assistants$ 140x8-156/ exam/ 280x14-346/ exam 394x14-450/ efficiency bar/ 468x20-548Timber inspectors$ 137.50x7.50-152.50/ exam/ 237x14-349/ exam/ 380x14-492 After 1.1.1970 $ 220x15-250/ exam/ 275x25-750 Promotion grade 760x40-880 promotion grade 880x40-1,000 promotion grade 1,000x50-1,250 Same as research Assistants above timber for 190 Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest = 23 1) 2) 3) ce here are: The International organisations active in Malaysia and which have the Asian Regional Office here are: Transport Workers Federation International Federation of Commercial Clerical and Allied Services International Teachers Federation. 283 The Union of Forest Employees has withdrawn its affiliation from the Malaysian Trades Union Congress over the question of affiliation fees. Trade Unions in the Commercial and Private Sector are very active picking up strength day to day. N Trad Organisation On 1 January 1969 the leadershi struction Workers Union) consisted of President secr cratary ent b3 trabzon solv gnoH ys2 wol yanu? jamedT.M.A.B sonewed 8 riqpeo secretary On 1 January 1969 the testisatie en bang ( ABMH)( Furniture and Wood Workers' Union) cons President secretary noisarioles of bo 219 how 000,21 juods pnips congre To celebrate the 5th anniversary of the merge with the ABMH Bouw- enda gniberbua tion. The me increased considerably bership figures are as follows: 1 January 1969 1 January 19701 Janus babysite nam 1 January 1972 The consisted of President this merger, admit to not neq 02.08 of noitesini ginings evitallo 29106 000,00 A anoinu lle of nommo 85,438 members , 932 members painiau lenoi800V Portryd bezoubrios sauc abi oviansni arttom A on 1 January 1972: A. Buys general secretary vice- president ident H. Kaper J.D. van Dijck A.J. van Hagen J. Boom J.B. van Otterlo P. de Vreeze R.B. Voulon 8. Zoethout J.H. Sprulje We are continuing to work together with the two other Dutch construction workers' Unions. An agreement for intensive cooperation with the Bouw- en Houtbond NKV( Construction- and Wood Workers' Union) was made. At this time, a new union office is under construction which will house our union as well as the NKV. We will then continue to make decisions together in other domains. Collective Wage- and Working conditions ked out our wage policies independ ently of the in recent times. Governm 191 MALAYSIA Jedni noinu obert levensg to sanoideoup unibingo ammo bir bins slaysłem ni avitas anoitsinspo lanoitesti d noitembemehow gT regived boifle br---- Noysmmoe to noite obs- Isaoitsmeral TIMBER GRADERS ben slaysis Mads most noitsili veb qugnixbiq noirseberte Tlenoitsmeinl 351 ( S ( 8 Mars most noitsilis UNION essyolam tas10 to noinU sr 12910 T EMPLOYEES est noirsilitts to noitesup arit nevo 19 916 101092 staving bos lalonamumo arts ni anoinU abs1T Organization President vice president secretary asst. secretary hon. treasurer hon. adviser legal advisor Collective bargaining developments Enche Harun bin Jaffar Lee Boon Hean William Ong A. Ballu Sunny Low Say Hong B.R.N. Thampi Joseph& Lawrence Negotiation are going to have tonage clause removed from grading certificate. Average earnings$ 3.50 per ton of timber graded. Major developments in the industry 400,000 acres of forest land has been opened to exploitation 16 new sawmills are to be put up in this complex engaging about 15,000 workers. Situation on the labour market There is more graders in the market than necessary. As a result there is undercutting of grading fees. Labour legislation re Common to all unions. 120.50 124.82 126.44 Vocational training 70.00 4 months intensive graders course conducted by the Forest Department. Certificates are issued. P24.82 129.14 135.62 185.00 190.00 200.00 210.00 Wages ing con 1.1.1969 After 1.1.1970 Rese agy $ 220 192 25-750 Promotion grade 780x40-280 promotion grade 880x40-1,000 prof Same cam/ 380x14-492 Assistants above 000x50-1,250 NETHERLANDS -svontuodsi doua zubni to zadong 219wo BOUW of BOND NVV Hob agaw ni tam znoinu ad to sauso sriT soy elortw srit not seni spew evit 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 34, 17.170 ALGEMENE NEDERLANDSE BOND VOOR DE BOUW- EN own HOUTNIJVERHEID( NVV) ( Construction and woodworkers) bluow Vistnemsigqua nholt 004 Istensp art of sub vipison ai ism- vǝiloq.505 Organisation over edmagai assyol lame lis saomis of new U doum aids yd of bied riquot anoinu tnamysq insan On 1 January 1969 the leadership of the Algemene Nederlandse Bond voor de Bouwnijverheid( ANB)( Construction Workers' Union) consisted of: President general secretary treasurer vice- president We able by tempt 3971 secretary secretary no secretary bar odw A. Buys H. Kaper J.D. van Dijk of vd as ow or juo bisq zepowergirl vi ruction, paintexplic A.J. van Hagen J.B. van Otterlo de P. de Vreeze W. Kok work On 1 January 1969 the leadership of the Algemene Bedrijlesbond voor de Meubilerings- en Houtbedrijven ( ABMH)( Furniture and Wood Workers' Union) consisted of: Wit General President 1971 secretary right to ( потол secretary treasurer of S\ F& mont 189 190 aysb 81 of t H. Scholten J. Boom R.B. Voulon J.H. Spruijt To celebrate the 5th anniversary of the organisation, a jubilee congress was held in October, 1970. At this congress we decided to merge with the ABMH and to choose a new name, Algemene Nederlandse Bond voor de Bouw- en Houtnijverheid,( Construction and Wood Workers Union)( Bouwboud NVV) for our expanded organisation. The membership increased considerably with this merger, since the ABMH had 9,000 members. The membership figures are as follows: workVisunet I of lingA lot. employer must, polish viul for agsw well as his 1 January 1969 nell 1 January 1970 1 January 1971 1 January 1972 85,438 members 86,932 members 99,083 members 101,713 members The leadership consisted of the following persons on 1 January 1972: Que to. President ment he general secretary ( boow bns treasurer) 1 A. Buys veto aysb et or 81 moH. Kaper 9 aysb 81 of T vice- president in S\ 8 of 8 most A.J. van Hagen vice- president J. Boom J.D. van Dijck rrer edoto0 m secretary tani song is solat or bebleb J.B. van Otterlo secretary al- spsw lls ni np. de Vreeze P. ti veq noitsensqmo 2012 managesaseroni noit sy ysq noiteɔsv ni 9269ni abawno Stelviourist. I mon erinom xie not ytibile evitoso riw Timo auoisy aris secretaryqaninolt 00,8 bns aninol? 08, R.B. Voulonens asgow yhuod ster visunst I no sgow muminin secretary er to bris erit te rinom 19q 2 B. Zoethout is boots spew muminim legal en zerind zesnili to saso ni secretary to sunt ai emse sriT 202801 J.H. Spruijt of noinoqonq ni beassoni vllsaibone zw We are continuing to work together with the two other Dutch construction workers' Unions. An agreement for intensive cooperation with the Bouw- en Houtbond NKV( Construction- and Wood Workers' Union) was made. as the NKV. We will At this time, a new union office is under construction which will house our union as well as then continue to make decisions together in other domains.d sidesoiton staet ni noizesen tripila srit soni? homerunoiensqx9 azniaud yd beauso asw opstoria quodsi etuos ne over bns eaer ni 2101092 116 120m Collective bargaining- Wage- and Working conditions anoizzupaid assy& ni insored OS tomis yd 9201 asing smoo viisubsip sveds И We have worked out our wage policies independently of the government in recent times. Government involve-sluqoq 100 193 ment in collective agreements made between employees and employers is limited to exceptional cases. И In 1969, the Parliament passed the so- called Wage Law in order to permit taxation of the general rise in wages as well as fo the development of individual enterprises and branches of industry. The Dutch labour movement heavily criticized this law and promptly withdrew from numerous national advisory boards. In reaction to this, the government declared in mid- 1970 that it would not make use of its powers to annul collective agreements in various enterprises. Until 1971, the government thought that its general involvement in wage development would not affect other income groups. Wages were not meant to rise by more than 4 percent in the first half of 1971. Since prices rose by this much as well, there was no real increase in wages at all. Because of this, the unions insisted upon collective agreements in the second half of 1971 that would still provide an effective wage increase for the whole year. The unions fought hard to reach this goal in the construction sector. The government's involvement in wage policy- making is mainly due to the general 400 florin supplementary payment( plus 4 percent of the yearly wage) given to almost all employees in September, 1970. The government considered this 400 florin supplement as an advance payment of the 1971 wage increase. This measure was meant to put a stop to strikes by metal, harbour, and construction workers, which had broken out in reaction to relatively higher wages paid out to workers who had been given their jobs by middlemen. tobias19 As we already mentioned, collective bargaining in our sector was often very difficult; positive results could also only be reached in the furniture and wood branches after laborious bargaining sessions. After bargaining sessions with employers in the construction sector, four meetings also had to be held with government ministers before the final 1969-1970 collective agreement was accepted. With different work- stoppages over a period of three weeks in May, 1971, pressure was put on for an effective collective agreement. Improvements in working conditions for construction and wood workers are as follows: 1969: Wage increases pension plan contribution vacation payment to family in case of death compensation pay neriodoe 6 1/ 2-7 percent mood utimu3)( HMBA) from 6 to 7 percent( construction) and from 3 1/2 to 4 percent( furniture& wood) from 17 to 18 days per year( construction) from 16 to 17 days per year( furniture and wood) 750,00 florins OT 125,00 florins 1970: H.ne- wuo8 .noit wage increases 5 1/2- 6 1/2 percent Sm 000 HMBA srl sonia 1991 dmam orT decrease in work time compensation pay from 43 3/4 to 42 1/2 hrs. per week 400,00 florins Wollor 26 916 29upit qirland Vo 1971: aadmam SEC over visunel f wage increases to 1 January 7 percent to 1 April 1 percent ster visunstr to 1 July Ster visunat I n 6 percent Hot art to betalando qirlanabeel erT compensation pay 125,00 florins increase in frost supplement yu 20 percent Inobias19 vacation increase Clopra increase in vacation pay from 18 to 19 days per year( construction) from 17 to 18 days per year( furniture and wood) from 6 to 6 1/2 percent From 1 January 1972 onwards, it was furthermore decided to take all price increases from October 1971, with retroactive validity for six months, into consideration in all wage- scales. On 1 January 1972 hourly wages ranged between 4,50 florins and 6,00 florins per hour in the various branches. The legal minimum wage stood at 770,00 florins per month at the end of 1971. This minimum wage was periodically increased in proportion to general wage increases. The same is true of payments in case of illness, unemployment, and disability, as well as of retirement pay. ( no The industry's situation dano) XM briod dinu nuo savor lliw noir moi pniuni no ens W noitesgood avianstni not janoo 19bnu ai soita noinu wen somit airit 1A Since the slight recession in 1967, a noticeable business upswing has taken place. There were problems in almost all sectors in 1969 and 1970; an acute labour shortage was caused by business expansion. Furthermore, prices rose by almost 20 percent in 3 years. Discussions on the less favourable aspects of economic expansion and its negative effect on the environment certainly deserve our attention. In the Netherlands, we have gradually come to the conclusion that production cannot continue to increase without limits. Due to the density of our popula194 tion, this problem is particularly acute in the Netherlands. One can hardly speak of production increase in the construction sector here; after the great expansion of the 1960- s, we now seem to have reached a certain stability. With the expansion slow- down, recession already set in by the end of 1971. We can hardly count on renewed expansion in the construction business because government funds are low and the proportion of public building commissions very high. Situation on the labour market сис M3WU The unemployment figures clarify what was said above about the situation in the construction business: 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1st Quarter 34,140 31,440 14,020 12,930 13,500 2nd Quarter 17,170 9,670 3,940 2,830 5,400 3rd Quarter 13,800 6,600 3,490 2,020 6,200 Membe 4th Quarter 22,200 9,180 8,310 6,740 19,200 100 Vocational training brand nofsainsp10 We have continued to use the same vocational training system. In almost all categories- construction, painting, stucco- work, stone, furniture, wood- interest for vocational training has decreased. This is partially explicable by the fact that more and more young people receive a general, rather than a technical, education. The number of young people who wish to work in construction has also decreased. This kind of work apparently does not tempt them very much, and the risks of seasonal or business climate- dependent unemployment seem too high. In 1971, the government decided to gradually increase the age of compulsory school attendance to eighteen( until 1980); at present, the age is fifteen. During the last few years, more and more adult education courses for older workers have also been established. ow.ailadre( 8 General union problems ( noinu 210 In 1971 new social and business laws came into effect concerning the workers' and workers' organisations' right to participation in large enterprises. - - the When doubts about the legality of a businesses' management are justifiable, the right of inquiry comes into effect. This inquiry is to be initiated by a judge. A new works council law came into effect. A works council shall now be created in every building enterprise with more than a hundred employees. The works council must be informed about all important decisions such as mergers, business transfers, and work stoppage, decrease, or expansion. The employer must consult with the works council in all matters of establishment of or change in collective and wage agreements and in judgment systems, in questions concerning personnel, in decisions on vocational training, etc. The works council has a voice in everything dealing with internal business administration, pensions, profit distribution and savings systems, decisions on work time and vacations, as well as measures in favor or workeffect ers' protection and security. - furnitu - Through the law on the yearly settlement of accounts, the employer must publish his balance as well as his profit and debit figures with appropriate explanations. the previous year's agree not apply to the Due to another law, the works council now has the right to veto the nomination of members of the management in any large enterprise. Pri From the 3rd wood ind Lwu09 heb nev.dT to the Brokovaru from kr. 11,47 to kr. 13.91 hr. Th gand of 21 21.3 percent. For women in the same industry, earnings pr. hr. rose( Apines an rise apavi pore beeps ylevizosllco srls to insoveq 01 as toe al tremolqque tapil arber edmevolt soni2 During the same period, the consumer price index rose by an average of 103.5 in the 3rd quarter in 1969 to zwel show 121.7 in the 3rd quarter in 1971. This constitutes a rise of 17.6 percent. ows, llut a beernsteug ad lliw andmem ylimat audT soette otni emos asd wel trismysq sonsuani stil srit Jnsmyolqmenu, azanlli of sub pnishow ton sew orlw anozieq not bilsv oals al wel airiT dreeb vatte aspsw' aritnom zovisoen tud, niegs show of nuped earl oriw noaaq beyolqmenu na roiriw ni sorot otni emso gnilun edut A yolamenu zemooed nerb orlw bra anemiyolqmanu not benetaigen orl nariw privissen zow art esorts narit zopew nowol .epew origirl art no bead atnemyeq mamyolgmenu avisen lliw Boy Sir S niririw nicgs be battolls asw ysq nossos insonoq 8 bns beesstoni asw assyolqme nemot of bis Istene 195 T NETHERLANDS KBBH NEDERLANDSE KATHOLIEKE BOND VOOR DE BOUW- EN HOUTNIJVERHEID ( Construction and woodworkers) deng air noit for the collective ear. The 005,2 0802 ога.в OSO. OPT.AS 051. 008, ET 400 florin supplers 1971600 016 Organisation 081.8mber, 1970. SS On 1 January 1969, the following persons made up the leadership of the Nederlandse Katholieke Bond voor de Bouwnijverheid( NKBB) St Joseph,( Catholic construction workers union): President secretary V L. Brouwer P. van der Ven H. Jacobs art sau of beunitno sved W treasurer vice- president second secretary second treasurer J. Pot J. Spoor E. Wortel ter 1st sit yd sids stebaq padejdovied bne doum yiev med me L. Heijdra, N. van Kaam, H. de Leeuw, J. Lohuis, F. van der Meché, J. Rijpert, H. Schellekens d oals over 819> how On 1 January 1972 this union merged with the Katholieke Houtbewerkersbond( KHB)( Catholic wood workers union). The membership increased a great deal, since the KHB had 6,800 members. The membership figures are as follows: ret al heq of triph oiteosy bre aid as low as comp secretary secretary second treasurer um nevolme erit 1 January 1969 81,703 members 1 January 1970 79,343 members bet6915 1 January 1971 80,337 members 1 January 1972 fis twods bem evolams adT 89,839 members show bas orni sms wel lionuos show wen A evolqms berbuds norit som driw ninu how orit ritiw anen 22aniaud aegiam as lous solls ni bo The leadership consisted of the following persons on 1 January 1972: how 10 lovs President anoitesov no noiziosb general secretary nitud lastni treasurer incre vice- president outsup ni amsaya tembuj ni eslov s asd lionudo z> how sr metaya agnivaz bns noitudinalb .vthose bas nobi eris no wel erit quowT bns titong teitini ad of al valupni air T JL. Bouwer qs driw on prit olev o P. van der Ven H. Jacobs J. Pot J. Spoor J. de Groot E. Wortel tons of sug G. van Gastel, L. Heijdra, A. Janmmar, H. de Leeuw, Th. van der Pouw, J. Rijpert, H. Schellekens wood) Further informations can be found in the Bouwbond- NVV report. ke all pri om October 1971, Collective bargaining- Wage and Working conditions Since 1 November 1971, the frost supplement is set at 110 percent of the collectively agreed- upon wage. Work laws wage illnes The life insurance payment law has come into effect. Thus family members will be guaranteed a full two months' wages after death. This law is also valid for persons who were not working due to illness, unemployment, etc. A further ruling came into force in which an unemployed person who has begun to work again, but receives lower wages than those he was receiving when he registered for unemployment, and who then becomes unemployed again within 2 1/2 years, will receive unemployment payments based on the higher wage. General aid for former employees was increased and 6 percent vacation pay was allotted. come 196 of our popula NORWAY 35.000 37.000 Employment in the building Industry N.T. .F. e building and construction field, e product eased strongly tion ber of unemployed decreased 838U NORSK TREINDUSTRIMUBRO ARBEIDERFORBUND ( 219) ( Wood workers) ment term percent to abo ust, Se YAWHON Membership 1969-1971 ow that there has 168 com On January 1st 1969 the federation's membership stood at 5,417, distributed between 144 branches. On December 31st 1971, membership stood at 5,636, distributed between 136 branches. During the period 7 new branches were set up, whereas 15 others were abolished. Wage revision sweeer to 19/ supe onq bax to an piecewor work rates roubor isnots 22010 art.noitsmotni visnimile of prib All the federation's agreements were revised in 1970. The following increases were introduced: -91100 gds to before revision: increase: after revision: uangg Janit Furniture and other wood- industries Carpenter and paper hanging workshops Wooden list factories kr. 9.09 kr. 1.61 kr. 10.70 pr. hr. kr. 9.20 kr. 2.15 kr. 11.35 pr. hr. kr. 8.99 kr. 1.56 kr. 10.55 pr. hr. bns oni ni saseioni Vinism The average increase was 80 öre pr. hr. Low wage increases varied from 6 öre to 45 öre pr. hr. rigin In connection with this revision, a decision on a trend of earnings guarantee of 35 öre pr. hour was adopted. Working hours for day- and 24 hr.- shift work was reduced to 40 hours pr. week with full compensation. In addition, agreement was reached as to the setting up an information and development fund. Financial backing is obtained by a premium of kr. 1.50 pr. employee pr. week. Kr. I is paid by the employer and 50 öre by the employee. A fully automatic index clause was introduced. Each point is valued at 7.5 öre pr. hr. for adult workers, and at 5 öre pr. hr. for young workers and apprentices. In 1971 no wage revision took place. boinag gribno Meanwhile prices rose so considerably that the regulation on a fully automatic index clause was put into es effect so that a wage increase of kr. 0.59 pr. hr. was paid to adult workers and one of kr. 0.40 to young workers. The wage increase took effect from 14th April 1971. ub nd not apply to the The trend of earnings guarantee, which was included in the previous year's agreements, did not apply to the furniture and wood industries. et not timeq pribliud sri ni espnerio on head ever 919d 800 to bna srl soni Price and wage developments up timeq pribliud sri ni asperio on need oup dT.aquong no tanco betslupe not noqu bebiosb From the 3rd quarter in 1969 to the 3rd quarter in 1971, average earnings pr. hr. for men in furniture and other wood industries rose from kr. 11,47 to kr. 13.91 pr. hr. This constitutes a nominal rise of 21.3 percent. For women in the same industry, earnings pr. hr. rose from kr. 9.65 to kr. 12.26. This constitutes a nominal rise of 27 percent. mis During the same period, the consumer price index rose by an average of 103.5 in the 3rd quarter in 1969 to 121.7 in the 3rd quarter in 1971. This constitutes a rise of 17.6 percent. $ 15 Holid age betelamo Holiday pay is ga on- B- regu pay is goes Association for the seagalf of the year 1.888/ Sy bsoneni As from the 1888 y 1969, holiday 008 working hour, and fo208,85 workers and app08 or not anupit nieM Now ornitu9 the wag ics of the Norwegian Eregivers tion. BAS, es Ager om kr. 0.32 th0.08.34 58 working hour. per SAT, 08 The total sura 80reased from kr. 198 kr. 131.- per from kr. 72.- to kr. 75-588 day. TTA EE 902, AS 8001 197 NORWAY ANDS XERO NORSK -830138R OMUBROR ( 21show book NOSE EN MURER- EKE BOND FORBUND ( Bricklayers) YAWHON AT M Report 1969 Production trend rver- eaer gideredmeM Ovoor 1sdmsoe The Gross National Product in terms of fixed prices which increased by 3.1 percent in 1968, increased less in 1969. According to preliminary information, the Gross National Product in the first quarter of 1969 was only 0.7 percent higher than it was in the first half of 1968. For the year 1969, the GNP is expected to be approximately 2 percent higher than in 1968. The prices as reflected in the consumer price index, increased by 3 percent during the first quarter of 1968 as compared to the first quarter of 1967. For the rest of the year, the price increase was greater and during the fourth quarter of 1968 the consumer price index was 5.6 percent higher than in the corresponding quarter of 1967. Prices continued to go up during the first quarter of 1969 and were 6.4 percent higher than during the first quarter of 1968. This price increase was mainly due to the increase in indirect taxation and charges in March and November of 1968. In the second and third quarters of 1969 the rate of the price increase was lower. The consumer price index in the second quarter of 1969 was 5.4 percent and in the third quarter of 1969 5.1 percent higher than during the corresponding quarters of 1968. The average price increase in 1969 was 3.1 percent. The consumer price index for 1969 was: first quarter 101.8, second quarter 102.6, third quarter 103.5 and fourth quarter 104.4. The average for the whole year was 103.1. Construction and building activities lose piqme erit During the first three quarters of 1969, the surface area of construction starts was 23 percent larger than during the same period of 1968, while the completed surface area was only 3.3 percent larger than in the corresponding period the year before. 18 The total area under construction( agriculture constructions excluded) on 30 September 1969, was 5.29 mill. m², or about the same as on 30 September 1968. ette T During the first three quarters of 1969, the construction of 26.538 dwellings was started. This is 4.656 or 21.3 percent more than in the same period the year before. The surface area of construction starts for housing during the first three quarters of 1969 was 22.5 percent more than in the corresponding period the year before.ut Since the end of 1968, there have been no changes in the building permit regulations. As in previous years, 3 different quotas were decided upon for regulated construction groups. The quotas for 1969 were distributed in the same way as in 1968. sup bi The Government continues to promote housing construction. The figures for the first three quarters of bril boow jedto 1969 show that the aim, i.e. the construction of 35,000 apartments, will be achieved. At the same time it was estimated that 34,000 apartments would be completed, i.e. 500 more than in 1968. c.f. table on housing construction.19 Main figures for housing construction Put into work yd muzn sup biƐ erit ni E.rst oheq emse s pohu uridando aidT.rer ni 19 Number of apartments Financed by the Completed full two loyment, State Banks 1963 26,008 ling came into 19,600 has be 1964 lower 29,248 20,800 28,658 28,513 but receives 1965 employ-30,124 22,200 27,585 1966 30,691 21,900 28,803 1967 35,208 sed 21,754 31,089 1968 30,742 24,509 33,471 198 1969, new revision 1970, budget 35,000 18.8.137,000 26,650 bns erit te u 34,000 pw bisbrista or T 28,100 35,000 19 Not 01.0.1 moo Employment in the building industry In the building and construction field, the rate of activity was relatively low in 1968. From 1967 to 1968, however, the production in this sector increased by 5.9 percent. During the first three quarters of 1969, the production increased strongly. the i The situation on the labour market in 1969 was marked by a strong increase in economic activity. The number of unemployed decreased throughout 1969 and during the first ten months, there was a drop in the unemployment rate to about half of what it had been the same period of 1968. The number of unemployed, expressed in terms of a percentage of the total labour force which had been 1.8 percent in January and February, was only 0.5 percent in August, September and October. aloof Price The federation's own statistics show that there has been an average rate of vacancy of 8.85 percent in 1969 compared to 1968 when the corresponding figure was 7.93 percent. 100 ta Revision of the agreements- 1969 worda nozen ba As a result of the 1968 wage revision, all agreements and piecework rates were regulated as from the 1st of January 1969. This regulation implied that all minimum wages, standard wages and personal wages for bricklayers, plasterers, stucco- workers and masons went up by 20 øre per hour. For apprentices and young workers, the increase was 13 øre per hour. All piecework rates, fixed piecerates, price lists etc. were regulated so that the total earnings increased by 20 øre per hour. 1970 price This regulation led to the following wage changes in the different agreements: Agreement for bricklayers, plasterers and stucco- workers § 2 Wage stipulations: 1. Standard wage per hour was increased from 8.64 kr. to 8.84 kr. 6. Standard wage per hour was increased from 9.21 kr. to 9.41 kr. and § 5 Piecework: from 8.93 kr. to 9.13 kr. 80S 12. Wages for apprentices. had The wages for apprentices were increased by 13 øre per hour and are thus as follows: kr. 3.79 per hour T Apprentices in 1st half- year apprentices in 2nd half- year kr. 4.01 per hour canoil 219 apprentices in 3rd half- year kr. 4.01 per hour+ 20 percent nob apprentices in 4th half- year kr. 4.16 per hour+ 40 percent Trum plep 26 apprentices in 5th apprentices in 6th half- year kr. 4.35 per hour+ 60 percent nebia half- year kr. 4.73 per hour+ 80 percent Agreement for masons jow § 2 Wage stipulations: 1. Standard wage per hour was increased from kr. 8.52 to kr. 8.72. 2. Hoisters who are paid the wage according to point 1, have in addition the right to a low wage bonus of kr. 0.90 per hour. notal 7. Tiling. The standard wage per hour for Oslo was increased from kr. 8.68 to kr. 8.88. § 15 Holiday compensation- B- regulation Holiday pay is regulated once a year in accordance with the wage statistics of the Norwegian Employers' Association for the second half of the year under consideration. mou area noin As from the 1st of May 1969, holiday compensation for men was increased from kr. 0.58 to kr. 0.61 per working hour, and for young workers and apprentices from kr. 0.32 to kr. 0.34 per working hour. The total sum was increased from kr. 130.- to kr. 131.- per day and from kr. 72.- to kr. 75.- per day. 199 The standard wage per hour at the end of 1968 was: for bricklayers compensation for tools 000,88 000 kr. 8.84 noliven wen eser topbud over kr. 0.10 total per hour for masons compensation for tools art ginu total per hour Hourly wage for tiling: for bricklayers in Oslo kr. 9.13 kr. 8.94 nibliud erit ni nemylqm3 kr. 8.720 bris gnibliud eris al kr. 0.07 ni noitoubong er oveworl kr. 8.79 vienot beessioni noitoub no noitsuti T ezosb beyolqmenu to ied to boisq to tan suods of 961 m for bricklayers in the rest of the country kr. 8.84 need bad ribirlw son to sgathered a to ammet tool compensation for bricklayers if the bricklayer provides his own tools his compensation shall be for masons in Oslo Yo for masons in the rest of the country kr. 0.10 kr. 0.13 dsqrupu ni Ins kr. 8.88 noitesbet erT kr. 8.72 meriw 8301 of bensqmoo Statistics for bricklayers and masons show that the average piecework earnings have increased: onal Product in terms for bricklayers: Tow 297 which increased == for the whole country including Oslo, in 1969, by 5.5 percent= 1.065 for the whole country excluding Oslo, in 1969, by 4,8 percent= 0.873 for masons: for the whole country including Oslo, in 1969, by 5.8 percent= 1.062 for the whole country excluding Oslo, in 1969, by 4.8 percent= 0.834 The federation has 70 branches distributed over the whole country. sgew 80er first to plu291 6 A The number of members as of 31 December 1969 was 4.292- bricklayers and masons. Now The federation has agreements with 208 companies outside the Norwegian Employers' Association. Vocational training worl 199 910 and pA highSE The level of recruitment is still too small compared to the rate of natural retirement of members. In 1969, the number of members dropped by 213 and the federation's Executive consequently appealed once again to the Ministry of Education requesting that vocational training for bricklayers be dispensed at 3- year training schools where the apprentices get both their theoretical and their practical training. The result of our appeal to the Ministry has been that the Ministry has summoned the parties concerned to a conference to be held in January 1970, at which vocational training for bricklayers in particular, would be discussed. The provisional set of regulations granted to the master bricklayers in Oslo 1968, by the Apprenticeship Council, has yielded relatively good results but there is not, as yet, any report on the provisional set of regulations. When appealing to the Ministry, the federation's Executive pointed out that the recruitment of bricklayers must be seen in connection with the future status of this sector. The whole recruitment matter must also be considered in the light of the proposed amendments to the Statute of Artifices. A proposal submitted to the Norwegian Parliament states that contractors should have the right to carry out masonry and plaster work without having a master bricklayer in charge. The proposal does not mention anything about the responsibility which contractors would then have to employ apprentices for bricklayer training. Therefore we are interested in discussing recruitment in the light of the future status of the bricklayer sector, and also in the light of possible amendments to the Statute of Artifices. Federation statistics show that we at present have 55 apprentices as members. bisq et Tuod Information activities 2.0, The federation arranges Saturday and Sunday courses as well as evening courses during the week in connection with member meetings. The members of the federation have also attended courses as the guests of the following organisations: To Danish Bricklayers' Union, ara 200 Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions, Workers' Information Association, nem People's Correspondence School, and State Technological Institute. nem no noi SE.0.x moil ysbilori 9801 VEM qe bos show Brit most aA Got bos uod gnishow 24.50% 33,471 5. 360 members from our federation attended the courses. Janoiten ad bns gribliud to paineta art onimit bns gninoqroq to matave svitools A Report 1970: 101 sbies 192 muz or lim 021 1srito bns asasrling pricubex bns( ser ni topbud Production trend oved According to estimates, the value of the GNP increased by 15.4 percent between 1969 and 1970, compared to the increase of 8.3 percent from 1968 to 1969. There was an extremely high price increase in 1970. The price index of the GNP increased by 11.6 percent against 3.9 percent the year before. Thus the volume of the GNP in Norway increased by 3.5 percent from 1969 to 1970. For 1968-1969, the corresponding figure was 4.2 percent. Price trends 01 129upe A M In December 1970, the consumer price index, i.e. the revised consumer price index, with base year 1968= 100 taken as average for this year, amounted to 118.4 points against 104.6 points for the previous year. This represents an increase of 13.8 points or 13.2 percent. For 1970, the average increase was 10.9 points or 10.6 percent. These figures include the price increase which resulted from the introduction of the value added tax on January 1st 1970. The direct effect on prices of the introduction of value added tax, can be estimated at 5.8 percent if one assumes that the whole price increase affects the prices applied at the turn of the year 1969/1970- 6.1 points( 5.8 percent of the consumer price index on December 15th 1969). Setting aside the price increase which is a direct consequence of the introduction of value added tax, the average price increase for 1970 amounts to 4.7 percent. or - ud.rver Under the act of 19 June 1969, the general turnover tax was to be replaced by value added tax as from the 1st of January, 1970. This raised the rate of taxation from 13.64 to 20 percent and corresponds to a 5.6 percent price increase. For some goods and services which used not to be taxed with a turnover fee, the increase was 20 percent. This applied i.a. to electricity, telephone and telegraph charges, weekly magazines, shoe repair and removal costs. wage per hour fro Is A special tax on investment goods was introduced at the same time as the value added tax. ll619vo Building and construction activities eaer riguort Construction and building activities also saw a substantial increase between 1969 and 1970. During January and February, the rate of construction starts was a little higher than in the same period of 1969 but, at the same time, the number of constructions completed increased by 10 percent. At the end of November 1970, the total 008 88 area under construction was larger than it had been at the same time in 1969. During the first three quarters of 1969, the surface area of construction starts was 23 percent larger than it had been during the corresponding period the year before- the surface area of completed constructions increased by 3.3 percent. a 2'noitsisbal.or Severe quantitative restrictions for the building sector were introduced to take effect as from Dec. 8th 1970. In 1970, the gross product in the construction and building sector increased by 4.7 percent, whereas employment, assessed in terms of work done per year, increased by 2.3 percent. The productivity level increased by terms of work don 2.3 percent. ailabiup During the first three quarters of 1970, 26.124 apartments came under construction. This figure is 414 or 1.6 percent lower than in the same period the year before. The surface area of construction starts for housing during the first three quarters of 1970 was smaller( 0.2 percent) than it had been during the same period the year before. As for agricultural constructions, the area of construction starts increased by 12.3 percent and for industrial constructions, 9.6 percent, whereas the surface area devoted to office and administrative buildings decreased by 15.3 percent and by 12.8 percent for other constructions, these figures refer to the first three quarters of 1970 in comparison with the same period in 1969. IgA no bobina brus tas rouM no bet noirsiban sif The surface area of completed housing construction for the first three quarters of 1970 was 10.9 percent larger than it had been in the same period of 1969. The number of completed apartments in this period amounted to 25,138, which was 11.7 percent more than for the corresponding period of 1969. In December, the number of completed apartments for the whole for 1970 amounted to 36,000. This represents 3,000 or 9.1 percent more than in 1969. As for industrial construction, the increase in completed surface area for the first three quarters of 1970 amounted to 15.9 percent compared to the same period the year before. Until December 8th, construction regulations for 1970 were, on the whole, the same as they had been the including Oslo, in 1970, by 5.4 per 1.048 year before. 6.3 perc ountry, excluding Oslo, in 1970, sup ease oni epsW 201 On Dec. 8th, the Government issued suggestions relating to" price- reducing measures". The proposed measures comprised: A selective system of postponing and timing the starting of building and construction works on the national budget in 1971 and reducing purchases and other expenses to 150 mill. kr., the sum set aside for this purpose. At the same time the Government is going to see whether it might not be appropriate to limit the use of some of the permits and contracts which have been proposed for 1971. An appeal to the State Banks to keep construction permits down to 90 percent of the quotas distributed earlier on. 019 erit of The government wishes to withhold up to 10 percent of the construction quota for 1971, amongst other things in order to promote a geographic expansion of construction regulations. sanisge over ot abnext epi A request to townships and municipalities to delay the starting of building and construction works. Main figures for housing construction Number of apartments put into work Financed by the 888 completed State Banks es next 00 1964 29,457 20,850 28,513 1965 ns atnessing 30,124 22,200 27,585 1966 30,691 21,900 28,803 loni 291ugit sesriT inso nib erit oser af visu 1967 35,025 21,750 31,055 228 900- 10 1968 30,643 24,500 33,464 noneq 8.2) aniq 1.8 1969 37,392 27,400 33,036 1970, new revision 37,000 28,100 36,000 risons.A or 1971, budget 39,000 30,050 37,000 to 106 br 18bnU aldr over, visunal to tel Labour market oni soing In 1970, the situation on the labour market was restrictive throughout the country and there was a strong increase in employment. vom During the first three quarters, there was a record rise in the level of employment for wage- earners and, although the decrease in the number of independent workers was also stronger than usual, the growth in the overall rate of employment was very high. The registered number of vacancies was lower than in the previous year whilst the number of company rationalisations recorded at the labour exchanges were the same as in 1969. During the first nine months of 1970, the average rate of employed increased by 33.700 or 2.9 percent compared with the same period the year before. This is the highest increase ever registered. The increase for the same period in 1969 and 1968 was 18,300 and 12,500 respectively. 2.2 percent of this 1970 increase affected men, and 4.2 percent affected women. Building and construction activities also showed an increase but not as much as in 1969. sad bar The federation's statistics show that the average vacancy rate in 1970 was 6.69 percent compared to 8.85 be percent in 1969. Wage revisions for 1970 On Nov. 17th and 18th 1969, the representatives of the Confederation of Trade Unions met to draw up the guidelines for the annual wage revision. The representatives decided that this agreement should be coordinated and that the Confederation of Trade Unions should lead the negotiations about general claims to be put to the employers. No agreement was reached in the negotiations between the Confederation of Trade Unions and the Norwegian Employers' Association, which started on February 9th and lasted several weeks, and the general claims were submitted to Riksmeklingsmannen( the national mediator) for mediation. The mediation started on March 21st and ended on April 6th. The mediator submitted the following proposal to the parties: 1. General supplement. of All adult employees shall receive a general supplement of 80 øre per hour.( For persons paid on a weekly basis, the supplement is kr. 34.- and on a monthly basis, kr. 147.20). Young workers and apprentices are to receive 53 øre per hour, kr. 22.50 per week and kr. 97.50 per month. 23 2. Low wage bonus. 3. Wage increase guarantee. over not anousluge soisq 8.21 or betnuoms Over nanoo, 8 edmsosⱭlitn enoted eay 202 4. Shortening working hours for 24- hour and continuous shift work. 5. The main organisations' sickness benefit scheme. Increase in premium rates. sqmoo vabiloH con July, the The main organisations' agreement on daily benefits in case of sickness or occupational accidents is to be renewed for the coming contract period. The agreement shall also apply to young workers. Apprentices employed on a contract basis are, however, not included. In order to create a balance between income and expenditure in the sickness benefit shceme, the employers' premium share is raised to an average of 2.5 øre per hour from the 1st July, 1970. The premium for the various income groups will be decided upon in a subsequent agreement with Rikstrygdeverket( National health insurance department). 10 6. Final compensation system. 7. Information and Development Fund. The main organisations agree to set up an Information and Development Fund aimed at carrying out and supporting information and promotion activities on the Norwegian labour market. The Fund gets its re- sup sources from a weekly premium rate of kr. 0.50 paid by each employee and kr. 1.00 paid by the employers for each employee who is to come under this system. The parties agree to set up a commission which is to examine and, if possible, submit proposals as to the conditions under which and the date from which the employees shall be covered by the system. is 9. Entry into force. 30.124 pniwollot art to noitesini 8. Index regulation. investment for const 08.03. All adult employees are paid a supplement of 7.5 øre per hour for each point by which the consumer price index, as determined by the Norwegian Central Statistics Office on March 15th 1971( the index number published in April 1971), exceeds the index number for March 15th 1970. adz Wages for young workers and apprentices to go up by 5 øre per hour for each point. 23.300 sozle ever! The federation's negotiations ended in mediation and the parties agreed to the following revision: driw noit Standard wage per hour from May 9th 1970: anoinU for bricklayers 37,392 nofkr. 10.70 bitsmotal> how compensation for tools. 40,312 197 $ 1,000 41,000 total per hour 31.500 kr. 0.11 kr. 10.81 ' algos 67612 for masons kr. 10.58 cas compensation for tools kr. 0.08 Labour total per hour kr. 10.66 Wage per hour for tiling work: ag anpowe forelo for bricklayers in Oslo for bricklayers in the rest of the country tool compensation for bricklayers if the bricklayer provides his own tools his compensation shall be for masons in Oslo kr. 10.99 kr. 10.70 kr. 0.11 kr. 0.14 kr. 10.74 kr. 10.58 gr for masons in the rest of the country Wage scale for apprentices: pared tapprentices in 1st half- year were di apprentices in 2nd half- year a marked geographi ing in in the northern part of Norway, apprentices in 3rd half- year apprentices in 4th half- year apprentices in 5th half- year apprentices in 6th half- year The of babast Piecework rates shall be given an overall increase of 11.88 percent. Over Tirst cies kr. 4.80 per hour kr. 5.10 per hour kr. 5.20 p.h.+ 20%= kr. 6.24 kr. 5.30 p.h.+ 40%= kr. 7.42 ter kr. 5.40 p.h.+ 60%= kr. 8.64 kr. 5.80 p.h.+ 80%= kr. 10.44 Statistics for bricklayers and masons show that average piecework rates have increased: and pl for bricklayers: 1979 for the whole country, including Oslo, in 1970, by 9.8 percent= 1.975 for the whole country, excluding Oslo, in 1970, by 17.5 percent= 3.334 for masons: rter or over for the whole country, including Oslo, in 1970, by 5.4 percent= 1.048 for the whole country, excluding Oslo, in 1970, by 6.3 percent= 1.138 ed blut edit ni sessioni atquoms doir yd benevo over xebni letot erit ni zuguA ni sturlus 203 Holiday compensation: As from the 1st of May 1970, holiday compensation for men was increased from kr. 0.61 to kr. 0.65 per a working hour, and for young workers and apprentices from kr. 0.34 to kr. 0.37 per working hour. The total sum was increased from kr. 131.- to kr. 139.- per day and from kr. 75.- to kr. 79.- per day. The federation has 69 branches distributed over the whole country. bayolg red The number of members as of 31 December 1970, was 4,162- bricklayers and masons. The federation has agreements with 194 companies outside the Norwegian Employers' Association.com Vocational training her In view of the rate of natural retirement in this sector, there is still an insufficient number of bricklaying apprentices. In many towns in Norway there is no way of providing the necessary vocational training. One important reason for this is that bricklaying has become less usual in recent years and that bricklaying companies cannot guarantee work for a 3- year period, which is the training duration for apprentices. vd We hope to be able to remedy this situation by means of the system of cooperation we have now established with the Brick Industry Research Institute. bris animsx9 Vocational training was discussed at length at the federation's national meeting, but nothing new came up for 1970. All that can be said is that we continue to try and influence the authorities. The federation's statistics show that we have 60 apprentices as members. Information activities 1sluge xebl qms Hlubs IIA 26, xebni ni berlailduq 8 The federation arranges Saturday and Sunday courses, as well as evening courses during the week in connection with member meetings. The members of the federation have also attended courses at the invitation of the following organisations: otni yung Danish Bricklayers' Union, Norwegian confederation of Trade Unions, Workers' Information Association, People's Correspondence School, and State Technological Institute. 262 members have attended these courses. Report 1971 Production trend bisbris12 alerall and :> how pnilit not worl heq apew but blind not The value of the GNP increased by 12.1 percent from 1970 to 1971. In terms of fixed prices, the GNP increased more between 1970 and 1971 than it did from 1969 to 1970. The increase was approx. 4.8 percent against 3.4 percent. The GNP in terms of fixed prices, increased by 3.9 percent in 1971 as compared to 3.8 percent in 1970. The industrial sector showed a 3 percent increase in GNP against 4.7 percent for 1970. The construction and building sector's GNP went up by 4.3 percent in 1971 and by 4.7 percent in 1970. Price trends Trade In terms of annual average, the consumer price index increased from 114 points in 1970 to 121.1 points in 1971, i.e. an increase of 6.2 percent. In 1970, the price increase was 4.7 percent and in 1969, 3.1 percent. Although prices also increased in 1971, the consumer price index tended to go up increasingly slowly compared with the index number for 1970. During the first three months of 1971, the increase was over 7 percent when compared to the previous year. During the following three months, the price increase was between 6.5 and 7 percent, while during the rest of the year it was below 6 percent, except for August; the exception was due to the index regulation for agriculture. December 1971 shows the lowest figure for the whole year; an increase of 4.9 percent as compared to December 1970. This figure also represents the first index number after the abolition of the price freeze. It should be stressed that the price trend for essential goods has been more favourable in 1971 than it was in 1970. The average increase in the index for food was 6 percent from 1970 to 1971, as compared to the increase in the total index which amounted to 6.2 percent. This is due to the fact that half of the index regulation for agriculture in August was covered by the State budget. 204 Construction and building activities During the first 7 months of 1971, the number of new apartments which came under construction increased by 2,700 compared to the same period the year before. From January to July almost 1,000 apartments more were completed than in the same period the year before. The number of apartments under construction at the end of July, was 2,500 more than in the corresponding period of 1970. This is due to the increase in housing constructions in the autumn of 1970. During the last months of 1971, the construction starts were, as expected, fewer and the rate of constructions completed higher than in the same period of 1970. The total construction starts for 1971 were 41,000 apartments and the total completion of constructions amounted to 40,500 apartments. This is 700 and 1,300 more than in 1970. The Housing Development Bank's credit grants increased only a little in 1971, after a 10 percent reduction was introduced in December as a part of a campaign to keep prices down. The Housing Development Bank brought about this reduction in the budget for grants by keeping the increase in credits given per apartment lower from 1970 to 1971 than had been provided in the national budget for 1971. The first column shows that building quotas decreased slightly from 1970 to 1971 as a consequence of the 10 percent reduction introduced in December 1970. No substantial increase in regulated building activities is expected for 1972. In order to limit the pressure exerted on the building sector, particularly in priority areas, it has been decided that restoration and repair work in areas subject to regulations and for regulated construction groups may only be carried out with a building permit, 91602 In 1971, the level of investments for construction and building is expected to be 4 percent higher than it was in 1970 and it is likely to increase by another 4.8 percent between 1971 and 1972. Main figures for housing construction number of apartments Be. .= do 0.8 put into work 8.9 *=* 00+.l.q 08.2.l financed by the State Banks completed a= 08+.d.q 0S.8. 1965 30,124 23,300 1966 30,691 019 80 25,058 1967: qu enop over showed 35,025 23,661 1968 30,643 25,283 29,648 vo no no 30,421 2911 shows 33,704 and 36,156 1969 37,392 28,834 36,458 1970 40,312 MV30,441 enibolo 39,205 1971, new revision 1972, budget 41,000 me 41,000 29,500 31,500 prib 40,500 40,500 2 808.S= 9019q 1.AT yd 08.= q S.Ef vd tot ni ole grbul Or Labour market The labour market in 1971 was as restrictive as in the same period the year before. There has been a shortage of manpower, in particular in the engineering industry and the service sectors in large cities. The decrease in foreign demand has not seriously affected the Norwegian labour market. In several sectors production growth has been moderate but has not led to a lesser absorption of employees. For the time being, there are no data available on the employment trend, and therefore it is difficult to assess the evolution on the labour market. There is, however, every reason to believe that the strong employment growth continued into 1971. The average number of unemployed in 1971 is lower than it was in the sixties, except for 1967. In the first half of 1971, the average number of registered unemployed was 12,600 or 0.8 percent of the labour force, as compared to 14,200 the year before. There was still a marked geographical difference in the way in which vacancies were distributed, the highest percentage being in the northern part of Norway. atzoup in 1971, the number of employees is expected to increase by approx. 2 percent. ani ne lite i dT inen The federation's own statistics show that the average rate of vacancies for 1971 has been 7.90 percent and for 1970, 6.69 percent. yainiM orT noirsutia srl ybeme of yitzini Marit or be airT aloo eninis 169y- not zommigong phinist bus ohir The 1971 index regulation subsequent to the 1970 wage revisionoitsisbet oriz to waiv Istrie everl ow: 910tears bns buts of ai roirlw noie nola nut erit os abroga In the light of the index regulation provisions contained in the agreement for bricklayers, stucco- workers and plasterers, the Norwegian Bricklayers' Union discussed the index regulation which come into force on April 1971, when they met on April 15th 1971.of gninisu bote bns This index regulation led to an increase of all minimum wages, standard wages and personal wages to 59 øre per hour for bricklayers, plasterers, stucco- workers and masons. For apprentices and young workers the increase was 40 øre per hour. noir All piecework rates, fixed piecerates, price lists etc. were regulated so that the total earnings increased by 205 59 øre per hour. These regulations led to the following revision: Standard wage per hour as from the 14 April 1971: for bricklayers esitivitos nibliud bns noitourirano bensqmoo 001 S vd lqmoo kr. 11.29 gnibn nom 002, asw., viul S tool compensation kr. 0.11 total per hour kr. 11.40 for masons kr. 11.17 tool compensation kr. 0.08 total per hour kr. 11.25 ni Hourly wage for tiling: for bricklayers in Oslo kr. 11.58 for bricklayers in the rest of the country kr. 11.29 nmutus erit ni anoit noo to ste srit 000,1 show rit enom 008, I bnis pnizuoH adT Juods Aber over tool compensation for bricklayers kr. 0.11 T if the bricklayer provides his own tools his compensation shall be for masons in Oslo kr. 0.14 Rpq Or kr. 11.33 nl Sxer not batosq for masons in the rest of the country kr. 11.17 biosb need Wage scale for apprentices: apprentices in 1st half- year apprentices in 2nd half- year apprentices in 3rd half- year apprentices in 4th half- year vino ysm bns kr. 5.20 per hour rer al kr. 5.50 per hour oret ni asw to jedrun 6.72 Show 7.98 apprentices in 5th half- year apprentices in 6th half- year 008, ES Repara 197 ASA kr. 5.60 p.h.+ 20%= kr. kr. 5.70 p.h.+ 40%= kr. kr. 5.80 p.h.+ 60%= kr. 9.28 kr. 6.20 p.h.+ 80%= kr. 11.16 Piecework rates were given an overall increase of 15.58 percent. Statistics on bricklayers and masons show that the average earnings for piecework have gone up: for bricklayers: AC8,8S 23,08 SBE, TE for the whole country including Oslo, in 1971 by 14.2 percent= 3.053 for the whole country excluding Oslo, in 1971, by 13.5 percent= 2.732 for masons: 000 A 008,18 for the whole country including Oslo, in 1971, by 14.1 percent= 2.863 for the whole country excluding Oslo, in 1971, by 13.2 percent= 2.550 Holiday compensational ni gaer over nolaive won ser Jogbud Ster rehamwoode.J ni sluzitisq niewoqnam to sgs As from the 1st of May 1971, holiday compensation for men was increased from kr. 0.65 to kr. 0.74 per working hour and for young workers and apprentices from kr. 0.37 to kr. 0.43 per working hour. The total sum was increased from kr. 139.- to kr. 157.- per day and from kr. 79.- to kr. 91.- per day. The federation has 69 branches distributed over the whole country. fcer ritwone The number of members as of 31 December 1971 was 3.970- bricklayers and masons. The federation has agreements with 198 companies outside the Norwegian Employers' Associations. to Hisd sms lite esw seri of beisq arls, bezudhizeib 919W Vocational training There is still an insufficient number of bricklaying apprentices in this sector. In 1971, we had many requests for bricklayers, but were unfortunately not able to provide any. Not enough attention is devoted to recruitment and therefore we have appealed to the Ministry to remedy the situation. The Ministry has now set up a commission which is to study vocational training and training programmes for 3- year training schools. This also corresponds to the fundamental view of the federation. The commission has held one meeting and will continue to T meet in the course of 1972. the The Brick Industry Research Institute and the Technological Institute have also started cooperating to this end because they too are interested in promoting vocational training for bricklayers. cer The federation statistics show that we have 71 apprentices as members. Information activities itsluge xs aidT The federation arranges Saturday and Sunday courses, and evening courses during the week in connection 206 th with member meetings. The federation arranged a one- week course at Leangkollen from the 17th to the 23rd of October 1971 with one participant from the Danish Bricklayers' Union and one participant from the Swedish Building Workers' Union. The members of the federation have also attended courses at the invitation of the following organisations: Danish Bricklayers' Union, Wage DIT Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions, Workers' Information Association, People's correspondence School, and State Technological Institute. they work 191 members have attended these courses. Piece to avoid having to re- cal bos noiudiatiboru Coinsdem VT bas Wages for the Hourly bas the thir ter of 1970 In add ai rice ourly wages are the parties have to noitellatani bayblame edmem 00s, as noitest orT eniblu Show noits 19 noit T slon: evitupex Tedmom snin to atalanon dairw blad i onitsam Jenoiten A grey s 29mizers Juod bos ziedmom 18 to ateienoo noizsebet lenoten or to bns esdonsidert mot beinloggs vite 00s yletamixoiggs vd boboste zi bnsissy hot yieve sono 32910 The agreement also pr for a special comp sit mont keeps the employee away from his home qe bris zbrew.sdz qora va ayolome noitesbet erT piqme aloned( spol srls to svi Working ime is 42 29v763n zized omi The ag ment pro days( 4 weeks) of so solid pay amounts smolavab geiningand evitello part sionydytales baertmuco from besoxe about cohq toast 201ugaib The full retirement pension corresponds to 2/3 of wages 11.soiton artnom owd enivig i exlover yeni asitinq arit enige of inamsangs or not samo smirit ner W Major denyonorary lipoidamotus ai ti yiqxe to stab writ stoled inemas erit love is risin plant pla the fadug.sd.chemisk Buo air bozim ed med applies above all to indu The hospitals, schools etc., but also to housing. 219yolamo srit -on aysb AT privig aws briw noisebat erit, ansvolqms orit risiw anofirogen or ni obem al zengong on ti 1885big debu bounitno mortes noirs togsMenutog or ofni hotelbem arts agnind auris ne soit beit be betonalised how doveplastas in sosyalpas att boenator.short this, that speed to tel ned, berqobs al llid airis 1 bisod aspsw s qu gniz Hids soubotning no gibi they are sufficiently the 00:01 br6 25718q hd nea Jnemmevop or yd Lesis doger viorsmiitle anised art bns subsoongnoeibenny erit of soear of V2290on vlIsuzu si soit signt asbia od os oldssqsoos ai rloidw noitulos In Norway, on the protection of wo which conta igst other thing bamotni bed themmevog sriz, Stef bns over 80er ni soslą loot rtoiriw enolsive spew 10jem ari ninu 207 NORWAY NEKF apnitsam 18dmem ritiw 35 IUCO low- end s begneme noidsbet or bris noin 10ysbloins deine ad mort insqioineq eno NORSK oals evert nic ELEKTRIKER- OG KRAFTSTASJONSFORBUND ( Electricians) loork bur arz to aedmem adT taysblong deins betno nisigewil iramotni' show brogasno z'siqosq leoigolondos ste12 2921000 saarit bobnatis ever amem rer Organisation The federation's sphere of organisation covers technical staff engaged in the production, distribution and installation of electrical energy. It also deals with smaller categories such as elevator, radio and TV mechanics. The federation has 16,200 members employed in the private, municipal and government sector. About 5,000 of the members of the federation work in the building industry as installation engineers, and it is through theese members that the federation is affiliated to the IFBWW. The federation has 240 local branches. Everyday matters are dealt with by the federation Executive which consists of nine members. The Executive of the national federation consists of 31 members and meets about three times a year. A national meeting is held once every four years and is attended by approximately 200 representatives appointed from the branches and from the national federation. The federation employs seven shop stewards and representatives. Five of the local branches employ permanent shop stewards on a full- time basis. Collective bargaining developments in 1971 gone up Usually the federation concludes agreements for two years at a time. These agreements contain cost- of- living clauses which give a guarantee that the members' wages will be regulated in the course of the period of contract if price trends exceed certain fixed limits. The conclusion of a two- year agreement also imposes an obligation on the parties to keep the peace. If any disputes as to the interpretation of the provisions of the agreement arise during the period of contract, no attempt may be made to settle them by cessation of work. If the parties do not manage to settle the dispute, it is put before a labour court and the decision taken by the court is binding on both parties. ticas from kr. When the time comes for the agreement to expire, the parties may revoke it giving two months notice. If neither party revokes the agreement before the date of expiry, it is automatically renewed for one more year. In plenty of time before negotiations, the federation Executive draws up an outline paper of questions to be raised and claims to be put during the negotiations. This outline is then sent to all the local branches which meet to consider the demands to be made. When the various local branches have sent in their proposed claims, they are coordinated and then the Executive of the national federation formulates the final claims to be put to the employers. If no progress is made in the negotiations with the employers, the federation withdraws giving 14 days no- sts tice and thus brings the mediator into the picture. Negotiations are then continued under the guidance of the national mediator who has the right to prohibit cessation of work until a settlement has been attempted and tried out. If the settlement does not prove satisfactory, the parties may request that it come to an end after ten days. Four days then have to lapse before there can be cessation of work. If the conciliation procedure is interrupted, the mediator has to report to the government. If a cessation of work is likely to cause a lot of damage to third parties and to society, the government can introduce a bill setting up a wages board. If this bill is adopted, there can be no cessation of work and the dispute is settled by the wages board, the decisions of which are binding on both parties. The board consists of two representatives for each of the parties and three representatives appointed by the government. In practice, it is usually necessary to resort to the mediation procedure and the parties ultimately reach a solution which is acceptable to both sides. During the major wage revisions which took place in 1968, 1970 and 1972, the government had informed 208 the parties beforehand that it did not intend to set up a wages board. This meant that the parties themselves were directly responsible for negotiations and for the successful outcome of a mediation procedure, as well as for the possibility of resorting to cessation of work in order to force a solution. to inuom wel 6 gi 92 916 vsq vsbilari bne zyśbilod to no Wage and working conditions ai web.Jenoiten sigewo) to di art tot bns vs Mto no bisq ed The installation engineers are working on a nation- wide agreement for electricians. This agreement is based on so- called normal hourly rates and piecework rates. Normal hourly wages represent the rate which has to be paid under an agreement, and no personal benefits are therefore provided for over and above these rates. bavise ed of The piecework rates are listed in such a way as to cover most operations which have to be performed and they are kept up- to- date by means of constant negotiations between the parties concerning new materials and work routines. eninis isnoitsooV Piecework rates are determined in the same way as unit prices. When hourly wages are regulated in the noit course of collective bargaining, the prices are regulated accordingly unless the parties have agreed otherwise. In order to avoid having to re- calculate prices each time, the agreement provides for a multiplier. By multiplying the agreed prices with this multiplier, it will always be possible to keep step with current prices. Wages for the third quarter of 1971: -19 bea quot tot Hourly earnings excluding holiday and vacation pay, kr. 19.52. Average for the whole industry, 15.67. From the third quarter of 1969 to the third quarter of 1970, there was a 14.5 percent increase, and from the third quarter of 1970 to the third quarter of 1971, an 11.25 percent increase. In addition to the contractual time rate, the worker receives a special bonus for experience in the profession: the 101 in 15 la wen20 ben b 25 25 on 11 t no 21 29 49 years of experience øre per hour The agreement also provides for a special compensation for particularly dirty work and for work which keeps the employee away from his home. Working time is 42 1/2 hrs/ week distributed over five days. The agreement provides for 24 working days( 4 weeks) of holiday per year. Increase for Holiday pay amounts to 9.5 percent of annual earnings. Istening to anothand trieb A atnam Sick- pay is granted in accordance with the national health insurance scheme and an agreement between the parties. The combination of these two gives a sick- pay corresponding to 90 percent of ordinary net wages. Sickpay is granted free of taxation and is paid for one year starting on the third day of illness. When special holidays coincide with a working day, the worker is paid the same wage as he would have received had he actually worked. to The age of retirement is generally 70, but as from January 1st 1973, it will be lowered to 67. Under the pensions system, it is possible to retire at the age of 64 already, but also to go on working until the age of 70. ThThe full retirement pension corresponds to 2/3 of wages and it is set out in a law. form on Major developments in the industry Technological progress has resulted in a constant reduction in the number of engineers working on new plants. This is due to the fact that an increasing amount of construction elements and material is delivered to the plants after having already been assembled. Part of the old traditional work has shifted from the building site to the factory. Technological progress has also resulted in construction becoming more and more complicated. This applies above all to industrial plants, hospitals, schools etc., but also to housing. The labour market We have enjoyed full employment for several years now, but there is an occasional shortage of skilled labour in some parts of the country. The recruitement situation in the profession is satisfactory. The occupational skills required of an electrical engineer are firmly set out in a special act. In addition to this, there are specific public regulations governing the way in which electrical installations are to be performed. This explains the fact that foreign electricians, except those coming from neighbouring countries, have to spend some time working under an instructor and then prove that they have sufficient occupational skill and that they are sufficiently familiar with the regulations. 18.54 30.6 Timber mills Legislation of timber 12.91 In Norway, we have a law on the protection of workers which contains, amongst other things, a series of 209 minimum social requirements, regulations on maximum working time, provisions granting special protection for young workers etc. On the basis of this law, more concrete provisions have been drawn up relating to social rela- ib tions at the building site, special safety regulations etc. how to lizzoq The duration of holidays and holiday pay are set out in a law. anoiribnoo pnibhow bns speW The amount of wages to be paid for the 1st of May and for the 17th of May( Norwegian national day) is also set out in a law. Provision for a national health insurance scheme, unemployment insurance and a public pensions scheme is made in a law. hwod alls- 02 no brs neme ns 19bnu The labour dispute law contains rules governing the procedure to be observed during negotiations between the parties and during mediation. sis vert zenituo> how sem yd steb- otVocational training As has already been mentioned, very high public standards have been set for the occupational qualification of electricians. These requirements have been included in a law ever since 1935. In the meantime this law has been adapted to technological developments and to the evolution of the educational system. yswis art of Training is dispensed in the form of a combination between schooling and practical in- service work. The apprenticeship lasts for four years but exceptions can be made for apprentices who have attended school before entering into an apprenticeship agreement with a company. huoH When the apprentice has completed his training and acquired the necessary theoretical knowledge, he has to take theoretical and practical examinations. If he passes theese examinations, he is given all the appropriate documents to prove that he is a qualified engineer and is capable of working on his own. obs ni Rapid progress in the field of electronics has resulted in an increased need for new skills. For this reason, the federation has concentrated its efforts over the past few years on promoting further training. On the federation's initiative, a series of interested organisations and institutions are working together to provide the appropriate courses which will enable the members of the federation to keep their professional knowledge on a par with technological developments. SV SA el smit prixhow Questions of general trade union interest beruditzib> losw to( 2xoow A) ayeb pnishow nT A central agreement was concluded between LO( Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions) and the Norwegian Employers' Confederation which represents the private sector. This agreement forms part of all agreements concluded between the trade union movement and the private sector. The central agreement contains regulations setting out the rights and obligations of the parties and providing for the setting up of joint committees in the various firms. Since this is not considered to be sufficient, a bill on the participation of workers is being prepared. This provides for companies with more than 200 employees setting up company boards, a third of the members of which shall be appointed by the employees. In companies with less than 200 employees, the employees shall appoint one third of the officers of the board. This law will probably take effect on January 1st 1973. llut adT opleveb sojeM bipostictos To 210 cloors alssiqeor, atsiq isi on Thatnslq atnslq quot oriz sig isintzubni ot lis svods asilqgs iving 14 days noved Wed adamoz ni airit on anoitsluge art ditiw slimst visibiffue es vorit 916 is usually necessary to sort to the mediation procedure and the parties ultimately repo both how to noite on sit no wel s svar During the major wage revisions which took place in 1968, 1970 and 1972, the government had informed NORWAY 88.81 of.fr 88.A 85.0 10.ar as.st E.SE 88.ET 84.01 S.EE 81.21 28.NBYGNINGSzetost bisodilsW otos) aboop starono эпоте veq ybbilori bns zyebilpil sidevom INDUSTRIloni ob asugit spaw sariT N.B.I.F ARBEIDERFORBUND ( Construction workers) Organisation In 1969 the federation's membership stood at a total of 48,492, of which 206 are women. In 1970 the federation's membership stood at a total of 48,809, of which 255 are women. In 1971 the federation's membership stood at a total of 48,799, of which 255 are women. This constitutes a net increase of 307 members. Wage revisions secre All the federation's wage agreements were revised in 1970. In 1971, in accordance with the wage agreements, an index increase of 59 öre pr. hour was introduced. During the wage revision in 1970, this index increase was coordinated with the majority of wage agreements within LO( Norwegian Federation of Trade Unions). Wag After lengthy negotiations, a general proposal from the national mediator was put forward. This proposal involved a general wage increase of 80 öre pr. hr.( For weekly wage- earners this constituted an increase of kr. 34 and for monthly wage- earners kr. 147.20). In addition to the general increase, a low- wage increase was also introduced, varying from 45 öre to 6 öre pr. hr., depending on the average earnings in the various branches of activity. The national mediator's proposal also included provisions on trend of earnings guarantees,- i.e. that those branches which had not experienced a wage shift should have 35 öre pr. hr. by way of a trend of earnings guarantee. If they had experienced a shift, they should receive the difference between the shift and 35 öre pr. hr. The national mediator's general proposal fixed the working- hours for day- and 24 hour- shift work at 40 hours per week with effect from 1.10.70. Full wage compensation was given for the reduction in working hours. The national mediator's proposal also dealt with the setting up of an information and development fund. The purpose of the fund is to undertake support measures in the various spheres of activity and to educate and inform on Norwegian working life. The financial backing for the fund is obtained by a weekly premium of kr. 0.50 from every employee and kr. 1.- from the employer for every worker who is a member of the fund. The general proposal also included provisions on the index clause of 15th March, 1971. The national mediator's general proposal formed the basis for trade union adjustment negotiations with a view to raising hourly wages as much as possible for the lowest wage category. Trend of earnings The trend of earnings for the various wage categories within the federation has had various different results, in that a number of trades and professions have experienced a considerable wage shift, whereas in other branches ns have expe this shift has been negligible. onths per Wo The trend of earnings guarantee contained in the national mediator's proposal was little used within the federations field of action. Below is a survey of the trend of wages in the federation's largest wage branches: Sick- pa 3rd quart. 1968 3rd quart. 1971 Rise kr. kr. percent Construction inc Timber mills for a period of up to 14.20 of up to 18.54 30.6 to 10.19 13.48 32.3 this can be Sale of timber and 12 months respectively. Tr necessa Woodgoods factories and carpentry shops 9.95 12.91 dor 29.7 later date if 11.69 15.13 29.4 Wooden house factories 12.11 16.38 35.3 211 tech Wallboard factories Sponplate factories Concrete goods factories Brick works Stone industry MIMOY 11.10 15.35 38.3 10.28 14.63 ZA 42.3 HON 12.25 16.01 30.7 10.48 13.86 32.3 11.85 15.78 33.2 These wage figures do not include compensation for movable holidays and holiday pay. pendards have been set for the occupational qualification me toitsa bat srit The ap enowledge, he has to baz snew themses spaw a noite bat erit IIA On the sri mot lazoq Isense sanoitsirogen yrignal vertA 10 08 to 92591oni opew Inanap& bevlovni lszogong airT ( OS.CAT. emes- egew virinom not bas PC is to sasenoni boninil cals 25W 9266 Reshoe the Nor 930 se to bi to dog and 28 sver bluoda ti beonehaxs ton bad rioirw aeronsid of -ni bas bne vtivi HT nu of al brut or to seoquiq art how nalgowo no mot bas savolgime as mont 02.0.1x to mujmenq visaws yd benlerdo al bout sitt aws yd berierdo al bout sitt not priced lionsnit adT..stil but adi to 19dimsm exhow yave not 19yolqme sit moit-. Mer to szuśla xebni si no anoisi voiq bebuloni oals iszoqoq levene sf goin abs no zied orb bemet lezoqov sense a horsiber lenoiren erT yogs 60 sgsw zawol or not aldiazoq as roum es zogsw vhuorf grizist of weiv alueen aitsitopeo trip animee to bnenT natib zuoisy bed as noitesbet sitt miriw 29inoget spaw.auoinsvadsaol agmines to bnew orT alans id ero al seierw hire spew aldersbiandos bensineqxs over anolasalong bns asbat to edmun steris ni sidipilgan nead and tire airt -bet ar nidiw beau similasw Iseoqonq a'vorsibem lepoiten or ni benistnon estos sup apimse to brien erT ' noitstabel sit ni aagaw to brent ar to veviuz e al wole8 noitos to blait anoits19 art, 212 921A er heup by 8391 sup b18 8.08 8.81 OCAT E.SE BAET epor r.es Test ae- e A.es g3.1 5.80 88.81 fr.st noitoustano allim admiT edmit to sle code vinegea bns esiyorost aboogboob 2si1orost sauori nebooW NORWAY qqua bns aritened ezen biz ritiw bebivor 91s 21how notes staving edit at in a 19 how er to the 08 estutitenco zinT.zxoow Sa o quão boitsq's vol zan noitsluolso to sized as 169 199.-. 000, to NORSK SKA sexism quods! or no noirsuti2 NA.F.to us98.2101092 noiutano atsving brs ARBEITSMANDS- vhis? ai Joxham nudel onT FORBUND hub emiso schwemoz al ti, how art to ( General workers) esd asri ribirlw, 692 rino erit ni lio not onillinb nd tuo ni Inomqolaveb wen A blait a'noitsiebst quo otni amoo oals amottslq noitoubong balls- 02 9dT.189y ils ytivizos oldarebienoo yd beined -12019 ni evig bns esitivizos noinu bet nuo narignata air gniese of biswot gniжlool vlegse 91s ew bns noitos to abisweta gortz lens bns Isool of a nemripizze pni Organisation sunneedtoniqub term on com Membership: 28,000 noiteleipsi tuods.l President Davogsbu vice president treasurer senga of fliwatnema Öystein Larsen Ole Flesvig Bernt Alfsen Alfred Haugen Ludvik Wangsmo Hariet Andreassen pribropos.dbirlw, nolaivioqua- how isool to Inom 13. painis lancioV hot or Harald Överaas( Knut Westgard) erit ops smit emo? Lars Nilsen Following secretary for mines secretary for construction Collective barga secretary for cleaning nl.smod ysbl for information sotni secretary riba campaign secretary The federation's Executive consists of 11 members and the national Executive has 27 members. 5 of the federation committee members are from the administration. Wages and working conditionstruc index Our federation makes a distinction between the public( government) construction sector and the private sector( membership activities of the contractors association) Separate statistics are kept for both sectors. The main figures for the last three years are as follows: National Power Plant and Transmission Plant: Our 1969 1970 1971 average hourly earnings kr. 17.82 average hourly earnings kr. 19.71 er retive waverage hourly earnings kr. 23.03 Private construction: whic 1969 average hourly earnings kr. 18.97 1970 exactaverage hourly earnings kr. 20.52 the 1971 of th average hourly earnings not yet available SAF laste ine mi ourly bom 1.1.1972. to lump togeth be for There is Wages for movable holidays and 1st and 17th May come in addition to this. These increases showed the following trends:( the same for both private and public sectors) 1969 1970 1971 65 öre pr. working hour for adult men of 19 years 74 öre pr. working hour for adult men of 19 years 81 öre pr. working hour for adult men of 19 years Holiday compensation: Holiday pay 148 Holidays constitute a total of 4 weeks per year( 24 working days) and compensation amounts to 9.5 percent of gross earnings. The same benefits are granted in cases of absence due to sickness, industrial injury, obligatory military service or home defence exercises, for a period of up to 3 months per holiday year. Working hours: hours: 75 Working hours are 42.5 hours per week. In tunnels, rock chambers and mines and for all work on a 3- shift basis, working hours are 40 hours per week. Sick- pay: and Officially, sick- pay is accorded for a period of up to 3 months per calendar year and, if sick leave is due to industrial injury, it is paid for a period of up to 6 months. For workers with more than 3 years service period, this can be extended to 6 and 12 months respectively. Transfer to disablement pensions can be done at a later date if necessary. accidents after a five- day waiting period. 213 In the private sector, workers are provided with sickness benefits and supplementary insurance during sickness for a period of up to 52 weeks. This constitutes 90 percent of the worker's net wages. With an upward limit of 42,000.- kr. per year as a basis of calculation. Situation on the labour market 12.25 10.48 16.01 13.86 15.78 32.3 33.2 The labour market is fairly tight both in the public and private construction sectors. Because of the nature of the work, it is somewhat calmer during the cold season. A new development in our branch of activity is the drilling for oil in the North Sea, which has been accompanied by considerable activity all year. The so- called production platforms also come into our federation's field of action, and we are eagerly looking forward to seeing this strengthen our trade union activities and give interesting assignments to local and central shop stewards. Labour legislation noitmainsp10 Our demands for a reduction of working hours for underground workers were not met during the annual wage revision meetings, and there is little to indicate that any such changes will take place in the near future. On the other hand, it looks as if politicians and legislators are concerning themselves with an enforcement of local work- supervision, which, according to recent statements, will to a great extent now come under government administration. Vocational training omeg zenin noltou 292 Some time ago the federation obtained a small territory for the construction of a school/ holiday home. In connection with this project, contact has been made with the public administration in view of expanding it into a " school for training of machine drivers", for which there appears to be a growing need in the construction sectors. This need seems to be just as urgent for employers as it is for us. noitibnoo immoo noitsisbet show bns ssgsW 092 staving ori bns 10tose noitpuntenco( nemmevoy) bilduq arts nsawed noitoniteib& exem noitesbet nuo of hism enTatoos ditod not sql 16 zoitzitate ats1sq92( noitsioozes atorentno srit to zait 901 girlaedmom) 100 al rit 101 291upit astupit brs Ins19 nowo4 Isnoite $ 8.7 rt.er. 80.89. agnimse yhuo Gaer imse yhwor ep619V6 apnimes vuori eps8V over rrer noiutando staving 18.8. $ 8.00 apnimse yhwor egens eaer onimise yhuori sosiaVE over Sidslieve 28 sont apnimes yhuon sesr9vs rver -lot er beworle 200sexoni 2T air os noitibbe ni emco vsM dr be set bns aysbilor eldsvom not 29gsW ( 21oses bilduq.bne staving diod not omsa orit): abrent priwol soy ef to nem tlubs tot Tuor pni eaer assy 81 to nem stubs tot nuori enishowing 916 A say ef to nam Hlubs not tuon nihow ng snö 18 over say rver noitsaneqmoɔ yebiloH Insons d.e of anoms noidsanegmoo bas( avab gnishow AS) 189 190 alsow to istot s stutitano aysbiloH viosolido yujni shubni cesnoble of sub- soneads to asess hi benang 918 aitened.ems sriT apnimse asong to neay yebilori neq artnom E or qu to bohsq s not salonske sanatab amor no solves vistilim zor prishoW Ajde Es no show is not bris 2snim bns nadmariaclonalannut al alsow 10q auor 2.SA ens cles equor Opens mort or pniow or pixhow, zized yeq- 512 of sub ti sveel sole ti bns sy isbrialso eq arinom E or qu to boheq a not bebroods al vsq- sole ylisioitto tibns airt boisq soivise zay& norit stom ritiw and how no admom 3 or qu to boheq a hat bisq al tiujni sintaubni tiefab 1981 6 18 anob ad nao andlaneq anemoldealb of 19tane Tylovitosqad aritnom St bns 8 or bebrotxe ed nao 214 SWEDEN க ape blo not nolaivo malqque lsnoitan srit bna noianeq olasd Isnoiten art no wel er yd beques al sonswolle tnam ten bris sonsuzni 016 To sievA.Vituo slow srit 101E SVENSKA MALAREFÖRBUNDET ( Painters) loxs) aagaw yhuor to noizespor9 ter TA: 81 over SE: 81 eaer ea: ar ytau nismoloveb toje -moɔ wen saad to teoMarmit to toute sit ni sono niste s bezus sort asinsqmos wen to sein srit .lotno bis zivisque of sluittib ad or plexi ens verts roue as one amit nem- owz 10 anos q Organisation 19hem spodel or no noitsuti Three of the union's seven permanent officials, Gunnar Carlson, Sven Sandberg and Harry Ahman, have become members of the Executive Committee where they hold the offices of president, secretary and treasurer. On 31.12.1971, the union had a total of 24,564 members; the figure had increased by ten since the last conTo gress. Following a decision taken at the 1969 congress, the number of branches was reduced from 115 to 13. how souben lliw 10sms Collective bargaining developmentsedmem nuo as mont Since the last congress, two rounds of negotiations have been conducted with the National Swedish Association of Housepainter Employers. oni - Both parties have accepted the recommendations agreed upon by LO( Swedish Confederation of Trade Unions) SAF( Swedish Employers' Confederation). Insm The 1969 settlement struck the lowest category off the list of groups of regions with the same cost- of living index, introduced a four- day term of notice and ensured that available funds were used in such a way as to raise the piece- price for repair work to a level higher than that paid for painting done in a newly built house. The other side demanded such far- reaching changes that we had to take a defensive stand throughout the negotiations. The total value of changes made amounted to+ 4.11 percent. The 1971 negotiations were lengthy and the ones conducted between LO- SAF lasted for over a year. Our negotiations with the other side occupied about fifty days extending over a period of nine months. A triennial agreement was reached which expires on 31.3.1974. In 1971, the parties agreed to lump together retroactive wages, the general increase and the low- wage bonus to form a 113 öre hourly bonus to be paid for time worked between 30.8.1971 and 31.12.1971. The forty- hour week was introduced on 1.1.1972, the day on which the whole agreement came into force. The exact contents of the agreement will be described at a later date. There is no hurry, since it concerns the period of time to be covered by our next congress. Wages and working conditions Wage- chart for 1970 and 1971: up pribr ahemmo Place Hourly wage( öre) 1970-71 929 Timeworker's bonus( öre) 1970-71 Jab 768 458 800 492 tion labo 492 vedish industry has IV V nes Stockholm 824 ing an Special bonus of 113 öre/ hour paid 30.8-31.12.1971. te, ther Working hours: 75 percent of members worked 42.5 hours/ week, the rest 40 hours. Labour Holidays: 24 days or 4 weeks. 03-9A2 ads as How as oireiste seer bns Overf. sonia no gniog need asrl show aid 1970 Holiday pay( öre)/ hr. 1971 noite 148 165 152 170 182 200 od yd ynioj apitaltate the busiinclud develSickness and accident compensation ion act There is also As provided for by law. The rate of daily compensation depends on the income. The highest possible compensation is 52 kronor per day. Thanks to a special fund which is owned by the parties, an additional sum of 30 kronor/ day may be paid to victims of occupational accidents after a five- day waiting period. 215 Provision for old age benefit Is ensured by the law on the national basic pension and the national supplementary pensions scheme. Under the agreement, members are entitled to a special life insurance and retirement allowance. Progression of hourly wages( excluding holiday pay) for the whole country. Average per calender year: 1969 1970 1971 16:69 18:33 19:47 illing oil in th Major developments in the industry federation's field The rise of new companies has caused a certain change in the structure of firms. Most of these new companies are one or two- man firms, and as such they are likely to be difficult to supervise and control. Situation on the labour market noidseinsg10 There was a marked increase in unemployment during the winters of 1970-71 and 1971-72. The present general economic situation is likely to affect employment figures for next winter. Average unemployment figures: 1969 4.3 percent 1971 5.6 percent. Labour legislation To redeun srl 2291pnos eet or oeb s pniwollo smoo The new working hours restriction act which has been adopted by Parliament, will reduce working time from 42.5 hours/ week to 40 hours/ week. As far as our members are concerned, the act took effect on 1.1.1972. 899 Two new provisional acts were adopted by Parliament during 1971. The purpose of these two acts was to increase job security for older workers. Act 199 settles the duration of the time period allowed for giving notice. Anyone who has held an employment for 24 months during the past three years and who is 45 years old, is entitled to two months notice. If he is fifty, he is allowed four months, if he is fifty- five, he is allowed six months. ni The other side claim that this act does not apply to those painters who do most of their work by contract, and we are probably going to have to accept this interpretation. If we were to maintain that the act is, indeed, applicable, we may well make it even more difficult for older painters to obtain long- term employment. The second act, act 202, does apply to painters. It provides for re- employment and it also compels companies to adapt the age structure of their staff to correspond to that of the local working population. tuoda bsique oitsijogen Vocational training asiq sister al Aver.c.18 no asique rib ps Isinnein A Vocational training is dispensed over a period of four years, approximately 75 percent of the apprentices spend two years in a vocational school. agnolotni smo insmaps aloriw aris doirlw The following figures indicate the number of youngsters who received vocational training in October 1968 and in October 1970: oyd banavoo ed of emit to boneq art 1968 2,726 1970 - - 2,500 Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest anoiribno prihow bos espeW The painter's union has not concluded any agreements on industrial democracy, etc. with the other side. : rter bns over notario- epeW On the basis of an agreement reached in 1969, piece- wage statistics are now being drawn up and financed jointly by both sides. This work has been going on since 1.1.1970, and these statistics as well as the SAF- LO statistics are used as the basis for negotiations. DOS 82A SPA 008 ASB miorblo12 rver.st.18-8.00 bisa vuoristo Ert to aunod Isleg? ayor Oh 1291 settleswlanuod.SP boxhow sedmem to theonsq ar tauon gribhow 2x9aw 10 ayeb AS ayebilaH noitsensqmos inebioos bris eesnɔloi2 mog aldizzoq turigirl Tamoonid no abneqeb noitsangmooylieb to 161 arTwelyd not bebivong aA ysb heq ono sa ai noidsansq or bisqed yem yablonow! 08 to me Isroiibbs na asitaq erit yd benwo ai ribirw bnut isioeqes of andT boneq pritisw ysb- avit s 19ste arnebioos lenioitequooo to zmijoiv 216 SWEDEN gainst Innoitsoov ni 299yolqms smit Hut of Jeomonot bris taxit, novip al painim InnoiteoV ensey Is1992 1ot noirseinsgno avevolqms eluoloq airt riti asunebni a'sainenqqs beri svari 9W.107002 prizor 2169 f FASTIGHETSANSTÄLLDAS won FÖRBUND mens to anotasup pribegon ammo ot rbum over ton ob ew Insmyalome( Service and Maintenance) ys word sbios hotos do doidw ameldong srit mort ethu of ion riguone sisnuhof ens W To w srir deusa8 molisq Organisation The continue President secretary treasurer The vice- president Roland Larsson ress decided that it should Åke Johansson Sören Holst of the union dues deputy secretary istr Affiliated to: tion LO( the Swedish Confederation of Trade Unions) Den Nordiske Funktionaersammenslutning IFBWW Collective bargaining developments Tore Nyman Rune Larsson the Col During the period to be reviewed by the IFBWW Congress, collective bargaining led to the conclusion of a completely new agreement for the federation's full- time service and maintenance workers. It provided for financial improvements which were 10 percent higher than those included in the settlement reached between LO and SAF ( the Swedish Employers' Confederation). We also managed to restrict the employers' right to conduct and distribute work as well as to freely employ and dismiss staff. As far as piecework is concerned, we managed to introduce provisions which guarantee full insight both during the actual time and motion study and as regards information. We were also able to obtain the same right to negotiate as the employers who may now no longer change over from time rate to piecework rate if the employees object. Wages and working conditions Full- time service and maintenance workers have now reached a level of wages which more or less corresponds to the average for Swedish industry. As from January 1st 1972, working conditions have consisted of 40 hours a week and four weeks of paid vacation. 1972. As for sickness benefits, the settlement reached between LO and SAF will apply as from September 1st Accident benefits are settled by the law. Ing As for old age benefits, a pensions agreement concluded between LO and SAF will supplement the national supplementary pensions scheme and the national basic pension as from July 1st 1973. Situation on the labour market and The situation on the labour market within the federation's field of activities was hardly affected by the business decline to which Swedish industry has been exposed. Unemployment figures were about 1.9 percent, including a number of pensioners. In view of the high construction rate, there is every reason to expect a further development of this branch of employment. hit ins Labour legislation We have a new working hours restriction act in Sweden, which took force on January 1st 1970. This actally provides for a three- year transition to a 40- hour week with a general overtime limit of 150 hours per year. There is also a new act which gives job security to certain categories of workers( so- called older workers), and one which protects the employees in case of bankruptcy. the emplo The nts eid is calculated in same way safety insur by 217 Vocational training MELEW y and cooperative Vocational training is given, first and foremost, to full- time employees in the public utility and cooperative housing sector. We have had apprentice's indentures with this particular employers organisation for several years now. MA Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest In view of the very special nature of our branch of employment, we do not have much to say in this respect. Because the jobs tend to be independent, the workers are more or less free to decide how they wish to plan and perform their duties. We are fortunate enough not to suffer from the problems which characterise industry. com Situ from 42 market bebivong t 3A2 bris DJ sewed bank and pye mic situatio noitsins O cont percent. nemy авти втот onuR eb been adopte A 032 WW831 he is wsive ad of bohag ar gahu bns so Josido 209yo w 25> how stu cangiaivong oals snow W 361 amit mont ensed four year berosen wort ver bins sagsW ces ansinism bne solve smi- 09 bisq stays ads of quot bns legw most as yiqqs lliw A bris Oberta ing questions of ortationed aaanxoia not aA Ster interest wisi erit vd beltree as etilened in bicoA A oglaque On the basis of an This for neg 1.1.1970, and as the SAF- LO rexham sodal or no noitsusia -laud an bezostis viberi asw esirivisos to bloit s'noitsobel er niriti sehem wodel ari no noirsutizenT buloni naise 8.1 Juods new 291ugi nemvolamenU.besoqxe need sed vuaubní raibow2 rbirw or sniloob zasn leveb 16thuts toqxs of nose svo al short on noltouando rigid art to waiv nl.annoianaq to edmun s pni nemyolqme to ronsid airit to inamqo noitslaigel mods. - air over at yunal no spot loot doidw bewe ni to noise orl onixhow wens ever! W os 978They 199 21uod 08! To simil ominavo laneno s riziw law upd- OP s of noisianety- serit s not zebivong dairwho brs( show reblo boilso- or) nsxhow to asiogeronists of those doj svip dairiw zos wen s ozla zi varquined to saso ni zavolge art sto 218 SWEDEN 03 sved of beau BUNDE V.BLECK yboi od ni anamqolavab voje uta sitostedua sopiobu arabaoquq enibliod not noitouboiq isten rele lisle Isnoin yrig gob SVENSKA BLECKOCH Carb onhub baqolaveb svis raidw aborten tarts mesa yd aginte istem read to norite PLÅTSLAGAREFÖRBUNDET ( Sheet Metal Workers) -ob betoot's viniam est 19 on ismingco ant moon 160gs need anti Lessoquq enibliud vol istam teoria to 1shsup broosa ri Organisation bnis asm enob ed Usenet ent bas virzubni oitesm non dairyllsmonds gr 120mis The Swedish Sheet Metal Workers' Union was reorganised after the 1965 congress decided that it should continue to work as an independent federation. The purpose of this reorganisation was to centralise the collection of fees, the administration and accounts of the organisation. This means, in other words, that on the basis of an agreement, the employer deducts the union dues and measuring fees which are then sent to the central office of the federation. A special central administration has been set up for this purpose, and it is directly supervised by the Executive Committee of the federation. The trade union decision function has become distinctly decentralised to ten district organisations which are directed by the local branches. The federation's Executive Committee thus exercises a coordinating function between districts.rootte elde 18.0re sonsineqxsi2.loorloz Collective bargaining developments 191 oiz The 1951 negotiations resulted in the national agreement which is now in force and which, at the time, replaced all local agreements. Exceptions were made for certain provisions contained in the local agreements which, for various reasons, could not be included in the national agreement. A few local agreements have remained in the form of local protocols appended to the agreement. The agreement contains a list of piecework rates with detailed pricing for the various pieces of work to be done on the one hand, and general provisions on the other, which form the actual collective agreement. The component parts of the agreement are negotiated in the course of central negotiations at the federation level, but there is some scope for local negotiations at the place of work. one. Wages and working conditions Members of the federation have roughly the same wage conditions as workers in the building industry in general. Piecework earnings account for about 80 percent of the wages and are based on individual performance, a regular individual time rate provides the remaining 20 percent. Employment conditions differ from those in the construction industry proper, in the sense that members are company employees and, as such, they enjoy a more secure form of employment. Working hours were reduced to 40 hours a week on January 1st 1972. This is in accordance with the working hours restriction legislation in force at the present time. Paid vacation is granted in accordance with the law, and once a quarter( four times a year) the employer pays 9 percent of the wages used for calculation of holidays with pay to the Sheet Metal Workers' Holiday Fund which looks after the money until it is time for the member to take the whole or part of his vacation as prescribed by the law. The safety insurance which is, in a way, unique for the Swedish labour market and which, for the time being, only applies to sheet metal production for building purposes and dockers, came into force on January 1st 1972. This insurance covers accidents at work, regardless of the identity of the person considered to have caused them. This insurance refunds loss of income which is not covered by the national health insurance( insurance act) and AGS- statutory group insurance. Furthermore, indirect compensation is paid in relation to the nature of damages suffered. Accidents which are followed by less than thirty days of sick leave, are compensated for by daily benefits in proportion to the corresponding sickness benefit category of the national helath insurance. The premium which amounts to 0.64 percent of the wages used for calculation of holidays with pay is paid by the employer through the Sheet Metal Workers' Holiday Fund. Group life and rehabilitation insurance for accidents which occur outside the place of work are paid for by the employer. The premium amounts to 0.25 percent and is calculated in the same way as the safety insurance. 219 Major developments in the industry Sheet metal production for building purposes has undergone substantial structural changes during the 1960s. New machines and working methods have all but replaced the physically exhausting work which used to have to be done. These structural changes have, however, also increased occupational skill requirements; occupational skill has become a decisive element of quality. One of the new methods which have developed during the 1960s, is roofing with stainless material. This method implies the joining together of sheet metal strips by seam welding. Situation on the labour market the The general recession and restraint which has been apparent on the capital market, has mainly affected domestic industry and consequently also the production of sheet metal for building purposes. The abnormally high unemployment rate within the branch reached a peak during the second quarter of 1972, and was then almost twice what it had been at the same time in previous years. 9r 19 boaingoen asw noinUnex bebioab .noitesbet M teed2 dzibow2 arT Vocational training show of sunitnoo As far as the sheet metal branch is concerned, extensive and, in many respects, far- reaching changes have occurred in an attempt to provide a more effective training over a shorter period of time. The training lasts four to years, two of which are spent in a secondary school( gymnasium). noinu 19The secondary school training is dispensed in school workshops. These workshops contain four or five roofs measuring three metres by five metres. Each roof is different and represents a different degree of difficulty. For it each detail on every roof there is a special teach- yourself student compendium which gives explanations as to material, machines, tools, manual work, working methods etc. vd baj The changes which have been introduced are expected to have a considerable effect on the pupils' profes- ed sional knowledge after they have completed their basic training in a secondary school. Skill, experience etc. are acquired in the course of actual employment in a firm and on a piecework team. Isnoitsn sit niningsd svitoolloo stopen reer T nomsangs fapol lie besig hav hot to mot doir nemengs Isool sitt ni snoo anoizivong nists of absm ad ni banisme over temps isool wat A nemsongs lenoten sri ni be belistab driw 29761> howasi to anisno nems9106 erT nemengself of roidwarto sri no anolživog listansg bris beri eno art rio enob ed of show to asosiq zuchsv ar not pricing ngo to sa erit ni bersizopen ons tremseips ar to arisq Insomn songs evitoolloo isutos erit mot how to sosiq arts te noitsitogen isool tot egooe amoz ai shorit tud level noitsisbet art is anoitsitogen ist anoitibno onixhow bris ssgow ni yitaubni pribliud et ni archow as anoitibnico spew sms or viriguon sver noirebat erit to zeme sonsmohaq( subivibni no based on bris ego sto ne 08 fuods 101 2000s apnimes showedai.Isang Jnsonsq OS pninismen sit asbivong sist smit leubivibni valugs s ziedmom ter serioz ari ni qoq yiteubni noitomeno sit ni seors moit ottib anoitibnostnemyolam3 Jazem yolgms to motus 910m s vojne vert dlouz es, bris assyoloms ynsqm 918 Show erit diriw sonsb10006 ni ai ainT Sxer el visuel, no sew a nuori OP of beouben snow or ghow emit taste er is cool ni noitsizipel noiros or pni toyolame siit( sey sasmit wol) hehsup's sono bns wel sdt ritiw sonsbrooos ni baansig al noites bie bouyabilo show Iste toon2 art of yaq diriwayabilor to noitslubles not beau 20gew art to train@ ayaq -dies as noirsov air to heq no slow art sols or hedmem or not emit al si litnu venom s not alool birlw wel sitt yd be gise efT -ed omit srl hot, pinw bris 19 hem nuodal daibow2 ed not supinu yew's ni ai doirw sonsuzni vetez en tal visual no sonof ofni smeo anexoob bris asapquq enibliud not noiroubo q labmeat or silqgs vino oni .bszuss ever of beeblenico noesq ed to yrignsbi arit to zaalbispo how is arrisbloos asvo sonsten airT STer ( ros sortsuan) sonsuzni izlead isnolfan art yd benevao ton ei diriw omooni to zzol abriute sonsuzni zid.merit mish to uten erit or noitsisi ni bisq ai noiseansqmoo rosiibni enormerihu.sonsquani quoi profutetz- 20A bns vlieb yd not bursam 91 aval dois to aysb yhirt mar east- yd bewollot ons ribidw etnobiooA.besttuz 2906 en reled lenon erit to vogsso ritened caenalbig- gnibnoqasmoo art of noiroqoqni attened blaga veq riw sysbilor to housluble of basu zagsworth to Insors 48.0 or anuoms doir mumsiq siT bnu vsbiloH' exhow late 19ed2 art riquod ayolms sri vd vd 107 bisq s18 how to spetq erit sbietuo uodo doinw atnsbioos 10? sonsuzni noitstilidades bns stil quon sonuani ytetea or as yow smsz orts ni bestualeo ai bns Insgeq BS.0 at anuoms muimen Tavolams aris 220 SWEDEN siz olamonu to level srl bruster 31.rter oups of SB Curly AF tes o SVENSKA BYGGNADSARBETAREFÖRBUNDET ( Building workers) pational group Concrete workers 0086layers 00A, SA 008, SS 00% edworkers00e.ap 008.as 008, te 000. Organisation Plum Instxe gagniwollot along quodi bawe en yd beainego b1608 16M over Ter bebivong row sipsqz gniob sigoog - At the turn of the year 1971/1972, the Swedish Building Workers' Union had 174,313 members that is, 3,040 members less than the year before. This reduction was caused by the unfavourable state of the construction market during 1971 which resulted in a substantial decrease in employment- more details about this state of affairs will be given later on. At the turn of the year, the members could be divided into occupational groups as follows: fact 000 Concrete workers 76,922 construction timber workers 58,068 Fedo plumbers 18,375 000 bricklayers 14,433 toconstruction workers 6,515 ments Total 174,313 orer dmun gravirorta oids? aniwoll 10? of T To oblari openev The members of the federation are organised into 44 local branches. ben National economy, employment, wages, prices Production, investment S.S a.s 1.S E.S latoT eser [ Q The signs of stagnation, which could already be detected in the national economy in 1970, further asserted themselves to such an extent in 1971 that there was virtually no overall production growth. This came as a surprise, since it was thought that the imminent slowing- down in the rate of production would be a brief and mild one. Similar trends in Western Europe and Japan also proved to be lengthier and more far- reaching than expected; this had an impact on Swedish exports, the volume of which only increased by 3.5 percent instead of 8-9 percent as forecast. 1971 eser отег PreThe slowing- down in the growth of exports, however, only partly explains the stagnation which had appeared. Usually, during a general ecnonmic recession, construction activities and private consumption tend to show exceptional stability. In the course of 1971, however, the construction volume decreased by almost 5.5 percent and private consumption did not quite manage to maintain its volume. Furthermore, the stock decline was greater than expected. Because of low domestic demand, the difference between actual and projected import figures was even greater than it had been in the case of exports; this fact caused the balance of payments to take a positive turn. Shipping investments have undergone a substantial increase, whereas building investments for trade etc. have decreased by as much as 6.5 percent. Investments made by industry went up by 5 percent as forecast.1st edm Private investment is estimated to have increased by a total of 2.2 percent. State investment increased by a clear total of 5 percent, whereas local government investment decreased by as much as 11 percent, something which was not planned and not contained in the local government programme of autumn 1970. * One The rate of housing construction is estimated to have dropped by 5.5 percent in the course of 1971, and this means that there has been a reduction in activities in this sector for two consecutive years. In 1971, only 103,000 dwellings came under construction, whereas in 1970, the figure was 106,600. Employment vitsubai gni vizubni painiM ( soinerfoam bas lateM The main feature of the situation on the labour market in 1970 was that better use was made of available resources and that there was a marked shortage of manpower. In the course of the year, however, the demand for manpower gradually decreased, and, towards the end of the year, unemployment figures tended to go up again. It first became noticeable in the building sector. 221 These trends continued and increased during 1971, and the level of unemployment rose to a considerable extent. The danger of a further deterioration of the situation on the labour market did not begin to disappear until the end of the year. The following table gives a picture of the situation on the labour market in Sweden in 1970 and 1971. It shows the number of persons and gives quarterly as well as annual averages. 1st qu. 2nd qu. 3rd qu. 4th qu. Annual average People following special courses ( retraining, further training, etc.) organised by the Swedish Labour Market Board 1970 1971 38,900 31,700 pital 22,600 has main mainly ffected do42,400 33,900 46,900 37,300 26,600 46,900 ond 39,400 People doing special work provided sainsg10 by the Swedish Labour Market Board dzib STO 1970 16,400 15,500 12,300 1971 17,900 17,400 14,700 14,100 al 26,200 sro 1A 1. 14,600040,8 19,000 em Registered unemployed ist 1970 47,000 32,500 bluo 28,300 1971 60,800 55,200 52,800 30,200 to 36,500 69,600 59,600 Total number of persons 1970 1971 102,300 125,600 79,700 63,200 109,900 94,100 g94,700 nation 85,000 142,700 118,000 The following table shows the number of registered unemployed as a percentage of the total number of holders of unemployment insurances for 1969, 1970 and 1971. 1st qu. 2nd qu. 3rd qu. 4th qu. Annual average Total 1969 2.6 1.6 1.2 ns1.5lqmaymo1.7 IsnoitsM 1970 2.1 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.5 ubong 1971 2.3 2.0 1.7 2.2 2.0 Industrial workers ial worker ybee angie wong naitoubong amerit 1969 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 bli fuow noitou noitoubong 1970 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.4 ano 1971 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.2 som bas пес ni Building workers( incl. painters) bow2 rit: be 1969 8.8 4.0 1.6 3.6 4.5 1970 8.8 4.1 1.8 4.1 4.7 1971 noitengerz ori nwob 10.5 8.0 4.7 8.1 7.9 wing bos uzu.be Wages omle yd yd beenoob smulov noitountando art rilidera lenoitqsoxe The total amount of wages is estimated to have gone up 8.9 percent between 1970 and 1971, 2.2 percent of which can be attributed to wage adjustments. In the light of the prevailing economic situation, this percentage may seem rather high, but it is thought that the shortage of manpower in 1970 also had repercussions on the labour market situation in 1971. The following two tables account for the evolution of hourly wages for workers between 1970 and 1971. The first table applies to workers in industry and the second to building workers who are covered by the sphere of activity of the federation. It is to be noted that the first table reflects the situation in the month of November, whereas the second gives the annual average. 2 to isto veslo ton bns bennig ton birlw Hourly rates in industry in November 1971, in kronor/ hour Increase as from Nov. 1970% 000,0 Men over Mining industry 16.57 Hourly ratei noi Women 13.93 All workers w noisou 9.3 sebnu Hawb Metal and mechanical engineering industry 14.58 12.53 11.3 amyolqm3 Quarrying industry 13.73 11.22 8.6 nism orT Wood industry 12.96 11.80 10.1 to Paper& pulp industry 14.03 11.61 9.0 Graphic industry 16.13 12.41 8.2 bns 2901029T aubeng wognem eldesoiton emsoed tanit 222 S Foodstuffs industry 13.68 11.37 10.0 T Beverage& tobacco industry 13.72 12.41 13.1 Textile& clothing industry 12.57 10.73 12.5 Leather, hair& rubber products industry 13.42 11.39 10.6 Chemical& chemicotechnical industry 13.86 11.50 10.4 All groups of industry together 14.25 11.72 10.7 6810 The hourly rates paid in certain construction branches in 1971 as compared to those paid in 1970- kronor/ hour. Annual average. Occupational group Concrete workers Bricklayers Woodworkers Or Construction workers Plumbers All sectors incl. 1971 1970 % increase 1970/71 17.82 16.47 8.2 18.53 17.27 7.3 19.22 17.98 6.9 17.56 17.03 3.1 16.67 15.94 4.6 17.58 16.63 5.7 partmeThe figures quoted are exclusive of vacation pay, holiday bonus, lay- off compensation and similar earnings. One Swedish krona corresponds roughly to 0,80 Swiss francs, 0.21 US dollars and 0.67 DM. During 1971, three- year collective agreements which are in force until 31.3.1974 were concluded.( This, in fact, was true for the major part of the Swedish labour market). Collec The negotiations which were conducted simultaneously for all spheres of activity covered by the National Federation, brought a total increase of approximately 28 percent which was distributed as follows: General wage increase 7.1 percent Guaranteed additional earnings through wage adjustments 9.4 percent Low- wage compensation 3.1 percent Compensation for reduction in working hours 6.3 percent This ha Additional social benefits( to supplement the national pension and health insurance schemes) Total 2.1 percent 28.0 percent Confed 1974 The 3.1 percent low- wage compensation does, of course, amount to more than what the figure would seem to indicate; the percentage is calculated on the basis of the total amount of wages incorporated in the federation's agreement, but then the actual sum thus obtained is paid out only to the low- wage earners. The Swedish trade union movement has long been pursuing a coordinated policy of wage solidarity which aims at giving the highest increases to those who earn the lowest wages, and this policy was, once again, the main feature of the 1971 wage negotiations. Prices During 1971, prices rose at more or less the same rate as during the previous year. Between December 1970 and November 1971, the consumer price index rose by 6.3 percent, and by December 1971, it had increased by a total of 7.1 percent. The following table shows that the highest increase registered was for foodstuffs, it amounted to almost 12 percent. The increase in the value added tax accounted for 6 percent, and then further rises occurred in July and August as a result of the agricultural agreement and the subsequent liberalisation of price regulations for the distribution and processing of agricultural products. The fact that prices have gone down in the housing sector is due to the four 1971 discount rate reductions and to the repercussions which this has had on the" owner- occupied house" element of the price index. Average changes in prices between December 1970 and November 1971 Percent Fuel& power 2.5 Alcohol& tabaco 5.8 Sundry products 6.4 per Foodstuffs 11.7 Furniture& domestic appliances 7.9 Wage Services( excl. housing) 8.4 Clothing& shoes 9.5 favour Housing -4.8 three- year over the three- year period were more ble shows the average evolution of 1971 wage figures do not include the 223 The 1971 price increase amounted to almost 7 percent. 3.2 percent of this rise can be attributed to an increase in indirect taxation, 0.8 percent to changes in internationally laid down prices and a corresponding percentage to an increase in various charges. 1.9 percent is accounted for by price increases in those sectors of the economy which are protected from international competition. P by Der ni blag szorok borse ni 29 partego vitaubni to squong IIA 3rd qu and noitourenco nisso al bisq as yhu agenovs IsunnA quod over Ter S.8 E.T 1975 195000 $ 8. E8: 81700 e.a 22.800 26.600 1.C EQ.T e how oftgpo กอง 42.400 21sveblog 46.900 showpeb echow noisountan ta.a/ 88. 219dmulq 16.400 12,300 bas noltsaneqmoo Ho- vazod ysbilor, veg noissay O uloxes MO TO.0 bna asilob 20 15.0 one aziw2 08,0 of yiriguon abnoq bulanco saw Ter.c.18 link ni 916 diriw besoup stupiber To sol raibsw2 s00 60.800 hot sex as jost beaygo vivizos to 2919rigs is not tos to 2916dqs its not vlagoons/ lumia bato 1570 cawollot es besudisraib.zow 1971 rw anoiseizoen art 94 The follow holders table of 71. 1.E 1st anegmos o average Inq. Total 1969 1970 1971 orl gnishow ni noutoubay not noitanemo ert nemoloque of) altened Isiona IsnoitibbA 2.6 1.6 2.1 1.0 2.3 2.2 ( perdre 2.0 1090150 0.8S most blow upit as alw nariz enom of nadzor a'noite sbsted ni bezesogooni aspew lo ew- wol quoms supo to sob noise as- wol insosq.edT joms leto sd to alead srit ng besslubles e of vino rug bisq ai banisido auris muz loulos srit nors sud nemes 1971 doin ylivabile agevy to yoiloq bossin bassnibroco a grluq sad gnol asrl themevom noinu bet rizibew edT ni of W eniyle te amis 4.0 anois agswer 1970 1971 8.8 4.1 1.8 8: 0 7.9 Ordmesed neowr98.169у zuoivenq erit unub as eis smoz. syd beesstoni ber tire sdmsos yd briston E. vd sep bainuom 225 mom is sensing refu song mange arter 19dmovo day phiwollot bns cent of V to Isfor on the 26 12uQUA bra ylut ni toubong laulupings to prizes on bns noirudintaib arit not of act November and giv try in 2.S 8.2 Increase Mining industry Metal and 13.93 ustry Quarrying Wood Paper& pulp ind Graphic industry 1387 11.22 11.80 9.3 wog 193 1970% condst& lorlopiA aroubong ibu2 atureboo 1.2.Seonailges dire mob 8 ตาม ส ถา บ ( piction oxs) espivie 10.1 ore 8 pirbol 8403 11.61 0.0 pnizuol 16.13 12.41 8.2 224 SWEDEN during the zunod now SVENSKA TRÄINDUSTRIARBETAREFÖRBUNDET ( Woodworkers) 809 eas 88e1 slubs 8AS, T 8 TE a ABC, T 180.1 frer eyeshow flubs yuzubni limwG2 Age 8TS, Organisation AS Θε 81 Tre 2AB 8881 21show glubs BS TA ES 881.1 ass, r 800.1 Ter 218xnow clubs dou Tre Between 1969 and 1971, the number of departments increased to 36. Approximately 470 sections and a number of shop unions carried out their activities within the general framework of these departments. Each department employed one or two representatives and office clerks. lis 107 to On November 30th 1968, the federation had 71,832 members. Between 1969 and 1971 the number increased by 1,655, so that on November 30th 1971, the total number was 73,487, 5,996 of whom were women. 916 SES, I bris, 8801 to 1971sup Collective bargaining developments ar orts At the moment, the federation includes two main branches for which agreements have been concluded, namely the sawmill and the woodworking industry. The minor branches, the commercial timber yard and upholsterer agreements, will tend to be structured along the same lines as the wood- working industry agreement. The main target has been to obtain equal standard wage rates and holiday pay. There has been no rapprochement be- M tween the wood- working industry agreement and the sawmill agreement over these past three years. A look at developments in the field of collective bargaining will show that efforts have been focussed on the low- wage groups. This has, in turn, led to a reduction in the wage distribution rate within the federation. ads of toot Wage negotiations sub snow y noitoubotq 9787 Jost In 1969 and in 1971, LO( the Swedish Confederation of Trade Unions) and SAF( the Swedish Employers' Confederation) concluded central outline agreements for the periods 1.2.1969-31.1.1971 and 1.2.1971-31.1. 1974. These were used as a basis for the terms of settlements concluded between the federation on the one hand, and the various employer organisations which fall within its sphere of action on the other. -bnoAs far as the carpentry and furniture industry and the related wood processing industry are concerned, the main achievement has been to raise the lowest time rate in the national agreement. Over this three- year period, the lowest time rate for cost- of- living locality 3 has gone up by 266 öre to 1,072 öre per hour, and this for skilled workers of 22 years of age and 6 years professional experience. During 1969, there was a 35 öre contractual increase in the piecework rate and hourly wages which were higher than the lowest time rate in the agreement. The 1970 settlement led to the introduction of" kitties" at the local level; these" kitties" were divided up between the piecework rate and hourly wages once deductions had been made for the standard wage rate. The" kitties" varied from place to place, depending on the extent of wage increases. In 1971, 53 öre were paid on the piecework rate and 60 on hourly wages. The upholstery branch saw the same increase in the lowest contractual time rates as the carpentry and furniture industry.The lowest time rate for a skilled upholsterer has thus gone up by 266 öre to 1,072 öre per hour. The piecework rate and hourly wages were raised by 40 öre for 1969 and 1971, whereas in 1970, local" kitties" were divided up between piecework rate and hourly wages. During these three years, the sawmill and subsidiary industries saw a 263 öre increase in hourly wages as laid down in the central wage agreement for cost- of- living index locality 4. The piecework rate has gone up by an average of 116 öre per hour, and hourly wages laid down in local agreements were raised by 197 öre. Local wages in general went up by 136 öre. Ter of beunitno odsl 3000 onibliud The wage rates are not the only aspect of the agreements to have changed in the course of the three- year period, the general provisions for all branches have also been somewhat modified. aseyolamo 008 ruode D Wage developments 508 296M Tuods daibew2 bar& Juods er ni bos 08 I A lazzimalb yd bato In every branch covered by the federation, actual wage developments over the three- year period were more favourable than contractual increases would seem to indicate. The following table shows the average evolution of wages for adult workers throughout the country. It should be noted that the 1971 wage figures do not include the 225 contractual increase for 1971. As far as our federation is concerned, this raise is likely to amount to approximately 11 percent( incl. wage drift). Time rate Piecework Average of Shift- work Holiday Overtime Total rate time+ bonus pay AXZ piecework -3RATS AIR ART rate Carpentry+ furniture ind. öre ( höre pow) öre öre öre öre adult workers 1968 859 1,013 948 adult workers 1971 1,087 1,284 1,197 56 30 10 993 37 8 1,248 Sawmill industry adult workers 1968 845 945 917 18 adult workers 1971 1,098 1,225 1,186 23 35 35 41 24 24 994 28 1,278 Upholstery adult workers 1968 adult workers 1971 836 1,059 1,019 1,299 945 1,183 to- imun erit 20 38 bns 085 977 to 11,224 For all the branches within the federation, the average hourly earnings of an adult worker amounted to 936 öre per hour for the second quarter of 1968, and 1,192 öre per hour for the second quarter of 1971. By way of comparison it may be said that the corresponding average for workers in the whole of industry proper amounted to 970 öre for the second quarter of 1968, and 1,232 öre per hour for the second quarter of 1968, and 1,232 öre per hour for the second quarter of 1971. The 1971 figures are exclusive of the 1971 contractual increases. The loo average hourly earnings for 1971 are expected to go up by 10.5-11 percent for both the wood industry and the whole of industry proper. lemen gnols ad of bnet liv liw zinamsengs 191912 Major developments in the wood- working industry or bas ests1 egsw bisbnste isupe nisido ot need asri segist nism After a 5 percent increase in the production volume for 1969 and an 8 percent increase for 1970, we witnessed a 3 percent reduction in the volume as compared with 1970. Production decreases of this size are extremely rare, and during the 1960s, for instance, it only happened once.ib epower ni noitoubens of bel.mus ni asd airT The 1969 and 1970 production increases in the wood- working industry were due, first and foremost, to the rise in demand for wooden houses and carpentry, which, in turn, are a result of the scope and policy of the construction industry. During 1971, there was a reduction in the number of orders for the carpentry industry, a fact which can be explained by developments in the construction sector. 1971 was, on the whole, a bad year for the wood- processing industry; between 1970 and 1971, production dropped by 6 percent. ved bas for sawn wood and planed As far as the sawmill industry is concerned, there was a considerable demand for sawn timber both on the domestic market and for export. This was not, however, accompanied by a corresponding production increase and resulted in a substantial reduction of the sawmills' stock of finished products. The sm production increase was somewhat smaller in 1970, because domestic consumption trends had been kept down as a result of a slow- down in building activities. 1971 saw a continued low in the demand for sawn wood and planed sawn timber due to the fact that the volume of national building production dropped sharply during the first half of 1971. Export figures for sawn wood and planed sawn timber increased throughout the three- year period. The production of sawn wood and planed sawn timber went up by 6 percent in 1969, 5 percent in 1970 and 3 percent in 1971.wssiq sit no gnibneqsb alq or sosiq mont worl no 08 bns dqu SerT Situation on the labour market Employment figures rose by about 2.5 percent in 1969. This increase was due, first and foremost, to the in furniture industry and the building joineries. There was a considerable shortage of skilled labour, particularly within the above- mentioned branches. As a result of the cyclical fluctuations which occurred in 1970, there was a radical change on the labour market during the same year. Employment figures dropped by about 2.7 percent. This reduction occurred mainly during the second half of the year, and was caused, above all, by the building joineries. During the first half of the year there was an acute shortage of skilled labour which gradually lessened during the second half of the year. Employment figures continued to go down throughout 1971( 5.2 percent from January to November), the hardest hit still being the building joineries. The shortage of skilled labour continued to decrease throughout 1971. boineq According to the dismissal statistics of the Swedish Labour Market Board, in 1969, about 900 employees were affected by dismissal, in 1970 there were 3,780 and in 1971, about 4,160. zinamqo Labour legislation gaw euros, noitshebot erit yd benevoo donedavsnl oldat priwollot sift stegibni of misss bluow asasetoni Isutomo nad eldstovet In 1971, an employment security bill came into force for certain categories of workers. Under this bill, the 226 employee has the right to a two month period of notice if he is 45 years of age, a minimum of four months if he is fifty, and at least six months if he is fifty- five; all this, of course, provided he has worked for the same employer for at least 24 months during the three years immediately preceding dismissal. The worker is guaranteed wages during the period of notice. Under an LO pens The new bill providing for specific measures to promote employment of older workers on the open labour market, gives the labour market authorities an opportunity to take steps to increase job possibilities for older workers. The application of this bill is not limited to workers of at least 45 years of age, it applies to all staff of firms with a minimum of five employees. for the ice. Major developments in the industry emp For Increasing rationalisation and mechanisation level in this field since the beginni 10st erT nob no the emp EEE CS ent dropped 192sw.mozxx edmet nóin edroom adf sex( 29dansid Isool 916 5090 bsd am bos period, rationalisati missed from Situalis A nidlA bre able entitapan yritonal arts bns onitsitogon aviansini to sro asw sbs1T to noisisbetno daibow2) OJ nawasd anoitsitopen isso erit ni energetic measures have been ni stil quoip ni atnsmisyotami elinstedik babn to fight aga pst Gremployment amongst forest and to smooni en prizis no besinnvoiM proportions as to his of bounitno nispred svitello 2801 boins erT boitaqarT sw Orlear ni badose to iniog moil ter OJ Eter- ter bot 10) sloge ribirlw aburing O. srit diw diw zevi bengils The total number co isloaga brs latened ani privongo mechan bilod Ter 12dmistqa2 no babulo in April 1972, the unemployment rete the dism or lay- off. " hours workers ser not timber stoc arber bns 0801 neewed show see it to apnimse art ni zapnerlo srit zwortz slds! gniwollot suff o dibawa srl mont next snow doj trenses iw how 12910l daibsw2 ils to teris of ali the to The amit e 22:11 13:33 gaer T place of work bas mallat sot novio terit ner newol al agew apsievs ar vriw nos Teemeeps art mi babysiam adT bobuloni son al show doirlw ho Bns given in a special stream bese Boar tion. the end of 1971, only thenexiów ben 10 caer cal auth ties in Gotland had Show testot bemono 18 anosov z mislo 1st A beltitne won ens verbs erit, sigmsxs 103, anam airTehow bellostnoo balls- oe amsoed verit, ret af yieunsl 16 sosv Isnoitibbs no nevig oels ous 2782how( nemmsvog) z'saivis 12910 deibeweerTevsel- lbiz aysb 09 of quot 227 SWEDEN lls evil- y el eriti eritnom xiz tesel te bris, yrtit ai bonus Papion to boheq ariz grizub tam biliosqe not gribivonq ilid wen sT 190 lid air to noissailggs sriT anexhow mogyit to mumigim e driw agg SVENSKA amphow blo to tnsmyoloms stor o do session of eqate set or SKOGS1971 850 1,087 1.013 1,284 ARBETAREFÖRBUNDET ( Forest workers) 1971 845 1.096 945 1,225 917 18 1,186 23 37 8 1,248 24 994 28 1.278 Organisation In 1969, the Swedish Union of Forest Workers had 28,657 members, and at the end of 1970, the number( 7 had dropped to 27,117. By December 31st 1971, the membership had increased to 27,333, a fact which was due to the propaganda campaign which had been conducted within the federation. Nevertheless, the rationalisation and mechanisation of forestry has led to a constant reduction in the number of forest workers in Sweden. The fact that it was possible to increase the number of members despite this state of affairs, is to be noted with satisfaction. The federation headquarters are in Gävle, and there are 36 local branches. Sixteen Bäckström was President of the federation during the three- year period 1969-1971, and Albin Agebro secretary. There are 15 members in the Executive. Collective bargaining developments The period 1969-1971 was one of intensive negotiating, and after lengthy negotiations, an agreement for 1969/70 was reached in 1969. During the central negotiations between LO( Swedish Confederation of Trade Unions) and SAF( Swedish Employers Confederation), LO demanded substantial improvements in group life insurances, severance pay and lay- off compensation. Moreover, LO concentrated on raising the income of the lowwage groups and considerable improvements were achieved. Our federation aligned itself with LO. the 1971 was, in many respects, an even busier year from the point of view of negotiations. Once again, we aligned ourselves with the LO attitude which spoke for a three- year agreement for 1971-1973. LO continued to strive for better social conditions( lowering the retirement age and improving sickness benefits), and special compensations for low- wage earners. Our federation claimed: monthly wages for all forest workers, new holiday regulations, shorter working hours as from January 1st 1971 and employer responsibility for providing power saws. The agreement for 1971-1973 was finally concluded on September 21st 1971. Wages and working conditions The following table shows the changes in the earnings of forest workers between 1969 and 1971; the figures were taken from the Swedish Forest Service's statistics over permanent staff. The wage level it reflects is very similar to that of all Swedish forest workers with a permanent job. The 1969-1971 evolution of wages for forest workers employed on a permanent basis by the Swedish Forest Service Earnings in kr/ hr Fellers( excl. of power saw compensation) Tractor drivers 1969 11:77 1970 12:33 13:73 1971 16:06 13:45 16:15 Average for all permanent staff nd foremo 11:55 13:13 15:65 The reason why the average wage is lower than that given for fellers and tractor drivers is that pure time work is not included in the table. Forest work tends to be mainly piecework. In 1969, a settlement was reached for work which was not included in the agreement as piecework; for instance engineering work, clearance work and planting. This settlement is based on basic wage levels and minimum wages. In 1969, forest workers did 42.5 hours per week, and, as from January 1st 1971, their working hours were shortened to 40 hours a week. The federation claimed full compensation for this reduction in working hours, it claimed 6.25 percent. about As far as vacations are concerned, forest workers belonged to the category of unverified workers until, on January 1st 1971, they became so- called controlled workers. This means, for example, that they are now entitled to up to 90 days sick- leave. The Swedish Forest Service's( government) workers are also given an additional vaca228 tion as follows: at the age of 21, three extra days, at 30, 6 extra days, at 40, 9 extra days. In other respects, too, the Swedish Forest Service's employees have been given the status of civil servants and the advantages entailed are mainly concerned with pension regulations and sickness benefits. pniwolfot Every worker in Sweden receives a pension after the age of 67. Under an LO- SAF agreement, however, the retirement age will go down to 65 as from July 1st 1973. For the forest workers employed by the Swedish Forest Service, the upper retirement level has been 63 and the lower one 60 for some years now. A state employed forest worker may, in other words, retire at the age of 60. 21160 As from September 1st 1972, all workers will have better sickness benefits. Here again, the conditions are more favourable for people employed by the government and, in our federation, this applies to those who work for the Swedish Forest Service. bne zlood bris awsz Major developments in the industry ibno vsbilor 1911 banist aver Increasing rationalisation and mechanisation in the forestry sector has led to a considerable reduction in the employment level in this field since the beginning of the 1960ies. Within this sector, which includes the Swedish Forest Service( government) and the large companies, the rate of employment dropped by two thirds over this period of time and by 1971 it had gone down to 19,000. A similar development could be seen within the smallscale forestry, but it was less spectacular. S The forestry sector is very sensitive to changes in the economic situation. During the three years under review, the employment level dropped because of the unfavourable market situation and because of the difficulties involved in finding a ready market for forestry products. After a brief period of improvement, the same problems reappeared in mid- 1971. They were the result of yet another recession and still exist today. Over this three- year 2 period, rationalisation and the unfavourable economic situation led to a large number of forest workers being dismissed from their jobs. Situation on the labour market veq ysb Energetic measures have been taken by the community( eg. special work provided in forests and elsewhere) to fight against unemployment amongst forest workers. In 1969, 1970 and 1971, however, it had still managed to reach such proportions as to hit 7.5, 6.1 and 6.4 percent of the members of the Forest Workers' recognised unemployment benefit society. The corresponding annual averages for all insured persons on the Swedish labour market amounted to 1.7, 1.5 and 2.0 percent. The total number of active forest workers is expected to have gone down by 60 percent by 1980, and the need for mechanical workers is expected to increase over the next few years. It should be possible to satisfy a large part of this demand by retraining fellers who are likely to be dismissed, but a certain amount will have to be recruited. In April 1972, the unemployment rate in our sector is 6.8 percent. There are substantial timber stocks and there is no demand for forest workers. It must be said, however, that not very many have been threatened with dismissal or lay- off. Labour legislation With regard to labour legislation for forest workers, it should be mentioned that the general law on working hours also applies to forest workers. This achievement goes back only a few years, because before that, forest workers were not covered by the general law on working hours. It has already been mentioned that now forest workers are also considered to be a controlled category of workers for holiday purposes. amou the The legislation on the protection of workers has been improved in recent years, more particularly with regard to paragraph 4 on the safety of people working alone. Moreover, settlements have been reached with the employers in the forestry sector on workers' safety and medical care at the place of work. cost Vocational training the In this field there has been a change with regard to the teaching of the forestry profession; teaching is now given in a special stream of the new" gymnasium"( secondary school), whereas previously the forestry board had been in charge of vocational training for forest workers, under the supervision of the Royal Forest Conservation Board. Now the county councils are in charge of the training which is supervised by the National Board of Education. At the end of 1971, only eleven county councils plus the local authorities in Gotland had taken charge, but then the law provides for a three- year period for the change- over. Fr. 8.97 Fr. 7.60 229 arte tewollot as noit The period from 1969 to 1971 was an important one for our federation. Our main achievements were the following: Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest 1. 2. 23 3. The forest employers assume the task of providing and maintaining power saws. The relevant settlement states that a local agreement concluded before July 1st 1972 shall lay down the final date for this change in the state of affairs. In many companies it has already been done. Compensation for power saw, fuel, oil, repairs etc. used to be included in the piecework rates as set out in the agreement. The level of compensation was 15 percent. In the negotiations which have now come to an end, the cost level was fixed at 12 percent which means that the forest workers are financially better off under this settlement. The main point is, howbaw? ever, that the employer now has to provide power saws and tools and service the saws. The forest workers have obtained better holiday conditions. #nemqols The employees of the Swedish Forest Service have got the status of civil servants and consequently benefit from better holiday and sickness benefits. 4. Working time has been reduced to 40 hours per week, and a 6.5 percent compensation was given as from January 1st 1971. Our claim for monthly wages for all forest workers could not be met. A working group is at present busy finding suitable ways of gradually abolishing the piecework system. It must also be mentioned that the forest employers in Sweden have to pay a total of 22.6 percent in social expenses for the employees, and this over and above direct wages. The figure is higher still for the Swedish Forest Service. These social expenses( in 1971) consist of contributions to the general supplementary pensions scheme ( ATP), health insurance schemes, occupational accident insurances, group life insurances, severance pay and holiday pay. aim 969. msau em lita ber 00391 bebivong bow seq..pe) avawod vet boter, gael to 219dmom srit align ing, and after lengthy between LD( Swedi demanded subs laphow eejot 12pnome Isunns pnibnog étreuria ade. 0f 0697 titened tnamyolq joms spt bns 08ef vd insole 08 yd nwob 900p ever of beloska 219X a vizitez of sidizzoq ed bluone 19.215py wet, fxen els evo son of 1921-1973. sjot svitas to admon led Sickness banebis), and sp bajoqxs at an owlsiner crest worker bine king hours as 21-1973 was finall 918 January ins ing table shows the ch were taken from the Sw fot been fisq batiu า ว ad taum il menu erit Set ThqA nil not brismeb on zi l Ho- yal to lezzimzib forest workers between 1960 and 1971; the figures staff. The wage level it how snot not noirslaigal suodel of bingen ritiW zor nishow no 218 latensg art yd besvoo ton We are benoit auor 215> how d quq yebilod 101 216> hów yhaluoihoq xomanson ni bevonqmi neakshow to noisesond bho noitekigel srit selt die bedoso need ved tremoli boots gnishow alqosq to yea ari no A rigipsis of Show to solq art to 165 lsbibem bne- yrelse 219ow no 10759 videot erit ni bed bisod vie sho Jan to 230 ( lood for fellers and tractor piecew In 1969 ww wen srit to mesta isioeqes ni nevig itorius Iscolari aula aliouco truco nevels vino, rer to bns arit 1A noit forest wo came so- called controlled wor This means, for example, that they are now entitled The Swedish Forest Serv Forest Service's( goverpr ( government) workers are also given an additional vaca SWITZERLAND Social matters HV nts, its partic 88.8.1 80.8 SCHWEIZERISCHER BAUUND HOLZARBEITERVERBAND ( Building and woodworkers) du For the Schweizerischer Bau- und Holzarbeiterverband( SBHV), the three- year period under review was marked by steady development and intense activity for the benefit of its members in both the social and the cultural fields. At the beginning of 1969, there was a" changing of the guard" at the head of the Verband, when Brother Ezio Canonica took over the office of President of the Verband, to which post he had been nominated and elected at the previous year's Congress. Membership mainly cono Developments in membership were extremely satisfactory. Whereas in the last report, stagnation had to be registered for the years 1966 and 1967, and even a decrease in membership for the year 1968, the period now under review witnessed a strong upward trend, which may be expressed in figures as follows: Year No. of members farlinds 1969 1970 91,992 1971 98,480 104,571 Increase + 2,400 + 6,488 + 6,091 of Juods batnuoms no roundanoo -Thus we overstepped the 100,000- mark for the first time in 1971, attaining a target that we had long had in view. The increase is mainly attributable to the foreign workers, while stagnation has not yet been overcome with regard to Swiss nationals in the trade. The economic boom and general prosperity encourages many workers to persist in playing the part of outsiders, even though they too benefit by trade union activity. Progress in organising our foreign colleagues is the result of the work of a suitable group of officials in the field of publicity and special concern for their welfare. hav During the period under review, considerable efforts were made to organise office and managerial staff by getting them to join the trade union. The endeavours of the Verband are aimed at extending the membership of the organisation not only horizontally but also vertically. Results in this respect have been rather limited hitherto. Nonetheless, it was possible in the canton of the Tessin to organise a fair number of the technical draughtsmen in our Verband, and to conclude a collective agreement for them, introducing perceptible improvements in wages wol and working conditions as compared with their previous situation. Collective bargaining developments Collective bargaining developed along the lines prescribed by the Congress of the Verband and by the professional conferences. A new aspect worthy of mention is the postulated occupational contribution, which was la given highest priority in numerous cases of bargaining. This aim has been achieved in part, and the end is in sight in a number of other cases. This occupational contribution, amounting to between one half and one percent of the worker's wages, is deducted by the employer and paid back to the trade- unionists but not to the non- organised workers, who are thus debited for this amount and compelled in this way to make a financial sacrifice for the trade- union achievements which they too make use of. The funds obtained in this way are used mainly for implementation costs and for advanced vocational training. Another demand that we have also brought up only recently is paid educational leave, which appeared on ni the list of requirements in almost all cases, but could only be obtained in a few isolated instances. br. In all our collective bargaining, the question of wages was another item constantly in the foreground. In addition to compensation for the increased cost of living, we pressed for substantial improvement in real wages with the objective of bringing the wages of building and woodworkers in line with average industrial wages. This aim has virtually been achieved. After the official wage increase of October 1971, the national average hourly wages were as follows: show reinsg2 os yd Skilled workers semi- skilled and unskilled workers boow bas prilbliud att ni snow 004.eer birhw to, 000,000 Fr. 8.970 to admun lato ed Her havo not gnitnucos rius Fr. 7.60 assoni no waiven hebnu boiaq erit priua ngo to Inami 231 ing national These rates include bonuses, where applicable. The same wage increase resulted in the following national average wages for some of the occupations covered by our organisation: 2 Bricklayers Fr. 8.98 carpenters Fr. 8.98 building auxiliary workers Fr. 6.677.82 painters Fr. 8.65 plasterers On Fr. 9.97 mpen brick- and tile- makers Fr. 9.02 joiners Fr. 8.59 floor- tillers/ pavers Fr. 9.77 The levape settlers pe ent We have noted that in general the opposition to wage increases for building workers is on the way out, because it seems to be more widely recognised that discrimination against building workers in matters of wage policy is untenable on the labour market. The economic situation nemqolavab nefit vd bechem The Swiss economy during the period under review was governed by an economic boom which had received a fresh impetus in 1968. The volume of building activity grew from year to year and amounted in 1971 ad valorem to 19.7 thousand million francs. Bearing in mind the increase in building prices, the growth rate compared with the previous year was 8 percent. It is believed that the demand for building work will continue to grow in coming years. Housing construction witnessed a high level of activity. In proportion to the total population, Switzerland, together with the Federal Republic of Germany and Sweden, has the highest level of housebuilding activity in bu Europe. Nonetheless, the situation on the housing market is precarious. There is above all a lack of accommodation at rents which the economically weaker sections of the population can afford to pay. Cooperative housing construction amounted to about 10 percent of the total production of 65,248 apartments in 1971. The non- profit cooperative house- building societies were the ones who particularly came up against difficulties in financing their projects from time to time as a result of credit restrictions and capital shortage. A State campaign to promote housing construction which was launched during the period under review proved to be inadequate, and will be replaced by new measures on a wider basis. of the Measures towards the stabilisation of building bas moo or yer) puoris uo to nism bispen to sq ar gaiyslq ni zizneq As part of its measures to control inflation, the Federal Government adopted an emergency resolution in 1971 on the stabilisation of the building market; it is to be in effect for a limited period of three years, and aims at moderating the rise in prices in the building sector, narrowing the gap between demand and supply, and diverting a sufficient amount of the overtaxed capacity of the building trade to housing construction. In order to achieve these objectives, a ban was placed on demolition in regions with an overburdened building industry and a temporary freeze put on the execution of less urgent building projects. Since the Federal Decree aims at favouring low- priced housing construction and is very reasonable in other respects as well, it was supported by our Verband. noirsuria auoivenq il ritiw bensqmoo as anoitibnoo nishow bas The labour market The labour market had no reserve capacity whatsoever. In both the building trade and the wood- processing industries, there was a shortage of skilled labour. There was virtually no unemployment as there is sufficient employment in the building trade even in winter for the Swiss building workers as well as for the foreign workers aast domiciled in Switzerland. The problem of winter building is much less acute in Switzerland than in a number of other European countries. of ginoms.noitudines fenoitsquboo airfT.29260 19rito to ed As in the past, the Swiss economy continued to be dependant on the employment of a large number of foreign workers. Nonetheless, a further increase in their numbers was out of the question in view of the opposition on the part of the population. During the period under review, the Federal Council twice adopted restrictive measures concerning the additional recruitment of foreign workers. It was compelled to adopt this procedure because in the political field a party of a reactionary character had devoted itself entirely to the question of foreign infiltration and had proposed radical cut- back measures( Schwarzenbach- Initiative), which had met with approval on the part of a large number of enfranchised citizens. The Gewerkschaftsbund( Trade union Confederation) and our Verband resolutely rejected this campaign which was clearly hostile to foreigners; however, we supported the idea of stabilisation of gradual staff reduction. to ang evitasido srit In the middle of the year 1971, the total number of foreign workers subject to compulsory registration was 660,500, of which 199,400 were in the building and wood- working trades. The Italians are at the top of the list, accounting for over half the total number of foreign workers, followed by the Spanish workers with about 20 percent. During the period under review, an increase in the recruitment of Yugoslavs was noticeable. Apart from Lu232 xembourg, no other European country has such a high proportion of foreign workers compared with the indigenous population as Switzerland. to Social matters Just as the SBHV tries constantly to improve the material and legal position of its members by means of collective agreements, so also it participates in the activities which pursue the same aims at the general trade union level outside its particular occupational sector. These activities concern the extension of the old- age pension fund and survivors' benefits, the improvement of the sickness insurance scheme, the promotion of housing construction as well as labour legislation. In all these spheres, improvements have been obtained during the period under review due to trade union pressure and activity. Specially noteworthy is the Co- determination initiative launched by the trade union organisations; this initiative was submitted to the Federal Government with the necessary number of signatures, and charges the Government with the task of preparing a constitutional bill on codetermination in the undertaking. The Schweizerischer Gewerkschaftsbund has already prepared a detailed draft. The employers are at present only willing to make minimum concessions, hence the discussions on this question are likely to be lengthy .000.0 and heated. International relations ernment During the period under review, the SBHV made a point of strengthening international trade union relations. More or less regular meetings were held with affiliated organisations in Italy, at which the questions dealt with mainly concerned the Italian seasonal workers in Switzerland. A delegation of our Verband went to Vienna to cultivate useful contacts with the leading officials of the Austrian building and woodworkers' association. A delegation of the Swedish building workers' organisation came to Switzerland to discuss matters concerning cooperative housing construction with us. Under the banner of an opening towards the Eastern European countries, a delegation of our Verband visited the corresponding trade organisations in Czechoslovakia and in Hungary as their guests, whereupon return visits to Switzerland also took place. In spring 1971, we received a delegation of the Yugoslav Building Workers' Association, together with whom we worked out a plan of action for the organisation and welfare of Yugoslav workers employed in our sectors of activity. 18 atmeg While on the subject of international relations, we should not fail to refer to the fact- although it has already been mentioned elsewhere that Switzerland is now the headquarters of the International Federation of Building and Woodworkers. The new international secretariat in Geneva was officially inaugurated in October 10t 1970. We are honoured to be the hosts of the secretariat in Switzerland, and will fully support it in its work in the town of the former League of Nations. Prospects cit 200,0 leew At the Congress of the Verband in October 1971, the delegates adopted a work programme, which will serve as a guideline for our activity in the near future. The objectives are the reactivation of trade union life within and outside the Verband, the adaptation of structures to the needs of our time and the further improvement of living conditions for our members in important ways. The tasks that we have set ourselves in this work programme are not easy ones, but we intend to take them on nonetheless and reach our targets by means of systematic and puraysb poseful work. To smoz ni no activities 915 aysbilo Harjo phixhow shim 00 bas ( bisq) 25 rouz wslyd) aysbilon bajszab Is are under est. The remain Thr hier of supe nuoms ns bis 916 the personal problems. It is most inter no bermio al aid of noitgeɔxa vino si Tysb how bisbrsiz are being spent within, Turk- is to solve the wal@dbebisen al Vissa ylrbnom szorlw bns ziz be Upne unless the union verts bns ysq ritiw angios Disq ion sa s no beyoldme isbnu veq vsbilar erb anisto 100 one des noqu 169 APBRE hed leio03.stsb pnhid iar to ysansvins spin new J- 0001 pr- 000) veq isonut(+ asinsvadai been moved Turk edit sbuloni ton ob 929/ T Jnebidos show les of beli Pribyab onibow 19q estil reishuT- a dr 08.8) sonewalls loom( 26cil deishut as, 08,21.01) sapswolls 2'nsiblido -025 0% of-.008) sonswolls epsiniem how grit nerlw JT-.000, S; sib a spments Mbas 19mm 101 sore anira) saritolo> how;( evisen llerie atabaqab airl to how art noisensa ytizonez jammua sorani) Majo 29itivitas noinu not bebivong as sonsads to enves.J smit astniw gnisub( issy s anot@ os qu) boow bris( niw ayab a bowed avab 1.09 nimsa noitsoube tuodel 2022signóa) -9q2 oals 916 919dT bisq se varit bns( ayeb of S naiblirlo bas atgteia no exertiond arnensq, bnedeur eliw to ritseb 233 TURKEY red by our Fr. 8.98 to noilizog legal bris lshafe art to poienetxe erit means if nhub benistdo need sver ann noifenimmstab- 03 srit al TÜRKIYE AGAÇ SANAYII IŞÇILERI SENDIKASI AGAÇ- IŞ ( Wood workers) bre ospruddmax sluqoq suo matem Isio 2013 VH82 srl as taul 0223msmasps svitos! lenoitsquogo sluoinsq eti abiatuo level ngmi erittened' noviviuz bas earth lis nl noitslaipal odsl as low as bns noinu 1 of sub Organization The Membership: 6,000. Officers: 613 reb's basqanq ybeetle asr boudarterbachowe adoainexiswro orTpnilemebnu irt no anizuotib or sons anolazsonoo muminim slam of philliw vino teas com wh beteer bns President general secretary financial secretary insorganising secretary Ömer Deniz Osman Nogay Asim Üngör Kemal Sarisoy to elsio 10 970M noo vinism atostno luteau stavit worl oit Agaç- Iş is a" national union"; affiliated with Türk- Iş( Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions); 17 locals have been established and it has 7 offices of Agaç- Iş representatives. Collective bargaining developments How In the public and private sector, Agaç- Is concluded 37 collective agreements on an industry- basis and 758 agreements on work place basis. Most agreements are reached for a two year period. The total number of collec- st tive agreements which are in force is 112. Agaç- Iş called a strike at Bolu Artificial Wood Factory in the year 1971. 273 members were out on strike for 85 days. The strike was against Sümerbank, one of the largest state economic enterprises in Turkey. Strike was a success and one of the best agreements was signed following it. 120 workers are on strike in Istanbul FIL Wood Factory. Wages& working conditions TWOJ All Agaç- Iş agreements contain clauses for wage increases; most are paid monthly, while some are paid weekly. On the average 37 percent wage increase are achieved, every two years. The standard work day is 8 hours and the work week 48 hour week consisting of 6 consecutive days Monday through Saturday. The shift starting and o stopping times are inserted in all agreements. All work in excess of 8 hours a day is paid for at the rate of time o and one half the regular rate of pay and in some agreements more. For all work performed on Sundays or on any of the holidays, double time compensation is paid in most and triple time compensation in some of the agree- q ments. Agaç- Iş membership is granted two 15 minute rest periods( paid) during a working day. Lunch period is not paid and it varies from work place to work place, 30 minutes in some and 60 minutes in others. Holidays are designated in collective agreements and when no work is performed on the designated holidays( by law such as national independence day or by contract such as labor day) woodworkers are paid an amount equal to their hourly rate multiplied by 8 hours, the number of hours in the standard work day. The only exception to this is the condition of workers who are employed on a salaried basis, and whose monthly salary is regarded, by law, contains the holiday pay. Woodworkers under Agaç- Iş agreements are granted annual vacations with pay and they are entitled to a vacation according to their seniority. The Labour Law stipulates 12 working days for workers whose seniority ranges from 1 to 5 years; 18 working days for 5 to 15 years and 24 working days over 15 years. The general practice in collective agreements is to try to raise the number of these days for each category and in all Agaç- Is contracts the number of working days are increased by 5 to 7 days for each category. Workers are entitled to take their vacations each year upon reaching the anniversary of their hiring date. Social benefits such as children's allowance( 10, 15, 20, 25 Turkish liras), meal allowance( 3.50 to 5.- Turkish liras per working day), marriage allowance( 300.- to 750.- Turkish Liras- varies-) funeral pay( 600.- to 1,000.- TL when parents die; 2,500.- TL when the worker dies; 5,000.- TL if he dies during a work accident. These do not include the seniority compensation the worker or his dependents shall receive); work clothes( shirts, shoes for summer and winter) and wood( up to 5 tons a year) during winter time. Leaves of absence are provided for union activities ( congresses, labour education seminars, etc.), personal reasons( marriage 3 to 5 days; birth of children 3 to 5 days; death of wife, husband, parents, brothers or sisters and children 2 to 4 days) and they are paid. There are also spe234 cial provisions for military leaves of absence and pregnancy leave. Seniority accumulates during period of such leaves of absence, and such leaves are not counted as days of absence from employment in determining entitlement to week- end pay( generally Sundays or a day off during the week), vacation pay, holiday pay or any other benefit under collective agreements. Seniority compensation is covered under Labour Law. A worker whose seniority is not less than three years shall be paid a sum equal to 15 days' wages for every year he has spent at the workplace. The( 15) days have been increased to 20 to 25 days and the condition for( 3 years) have been decreased to 1 year in most Agaç- Is contracts. Seniority is the governing factor in determining job promotion, transfers, layoffs and recalls. All Agaç- Iş contracts contain grievance procedures and in most agreements no employee may be discharged unless there is a decision of the disciplinary committee where shop stewards or union officials are represented. Union representatives may enter the plants for the purpose of observing working conditions or assisting in the adjustment of grievances. All contracts contain clauses for union bulletin board and a shop steward room where it is possible. The membership dues and any other deduction in accordance with Union Constitution ( such as one day's wages for strike fund) are checked- off the wages of the members. Political Scene: 21 Following the military memorandum of 12 March 1971 there was a change in Government. Mr. Demirel, the leader of the Conservative Justice Party, resigned and was followed by Prof. Erim as the prime minister. Erim government introduced amendments to the National Constitution, aimed at preventing left- and right- wing extremism of the kind that brought death, terrorism and disorder throughout the Country and especially to many campuses. The parliament overwhelmingly passed the bill proposing the amendments. Turkish Trade Union Movement, as was openly declared by Türk- Is, held the view that the provisions in the Constitution were not to be blamed for what has taken place in Turkey during last 3 years and that the roots of the problems should be sought in social and economic difficulties Turkish people are faced with. Turkish Trade Union Movement also declared that no long- lasting solutions to the problems are to be expected, unless fundemental reforms such as land reform, tax reform, university reform are realized. Türk- Is, in a public statement, also declared that efforts to infringe or curtail basic rights and freedoms of Turkish workers shall meet with the opposition of the trade union movement as a whole. It seems that the amended Constitution remains open to social democracy and to any social democratic party, though the amendments give the government greater authority to control the universities, youth groups and the news media. factorie Trade Union Scene: 18,643 bened I with 10,000 sleeping Contrary to what has been claimed against the amendments carried out with respect to Trade Unions Act of 1968( 274), not a single trade union is liquidated. The amendments were supported by Türk- Is and its affiliates with a view that this would do away with the existence of yellow- dog unions. Unfortunately, today it is estimated that some 200,000 workers are controlled by such company unions. The Martial Law which is applied for a year in 11 cities hamper trade union activities in these cities, to an extent. The strike action and lockout is banned in these cities which gives a great advantage to the employers. But usually what happens is that the Martial Law authorities do give permission for strike action if they are made understood that there will not be a peaceful solution. Agaç- Iş strike in Istanbul which is under provisions of Martial Law, for example. There have been others in some other industries. As for cities which are not subject to Martial Law, conditions for all trade union activities seem normal. It is believed that within four months time, the Law will no longer be applied. Since the military memorandum of 12 March 1971, no trade union except for one has been banned from its activities. The" one" is a Türk- Is affiliate, Yapi- Is and it has been temporarily shut down by Martial Law authorities on the grounds that its officers carried out illegal work against the State. The two of the leading officers of YapiIş are under arrest. The remaining three and the other three groups claiming leadership are still struggling to solve the personal problems. It is most unfortunate that this struggle is not helping the building workers at all. Efforts are being spent within Türk- Is to solve their problems but as for collective bargaining activities, nothing much can be done unless the union itself is re- organised and free from internal and personal struggles. Though there are some difficulties arising from extra- ordinary conditions and political instability, it would not be wrong to say that the Turkish Trade Union Movement is regarded as the essential and positive factor in the economic and political development of the country. It is very well known by every circle in Turkey that Turkish workers shall do everything in their power to defend democracy and to protect their rights and freedoms if there ever is a need. Printing Press: than Uganda It has been moved to Türk- lş building; has been put into operation. Rat Major developments in the industry ion industry are now ed Competition by metal and plastic industries is increasing. grading ding to all the artist empl dustry and are paid according rades 235 Situation on the labour market Vtions? bra soseds to asvaal yisrilim hot anoiaivong lsis Unemployment is one of the major problems of the Turkish economy. With the population increasing at the rate of about 3 percent p.a., the provision of new jobs is very important. Approximately 2 million persons are unemployed in 1972. The increase in labour supply leads to an increase in social investment at the expense of productive investment. An important labour problem concerns the employment of Turkish workers abroad: while in workers' remittances from foreign countries constitute an important source of foreign exchange, no sound efforts are being carried out to solve their problems. Creation of job opportunities for the unemployed seems as the most critical problem of Turkey's development efforts. ito noinu 10 goriz privisado to sac Labour legislation 21 allsoon bns attoys! azalnu bapisrozib ed noinU.batn Labour Act numbered 1475 was passed on August 25, 1971. Trade Unions Act of 1963 has been amended in 1970. It is argued that this Act, as amended, makes it too difficult for the workers to exercise freely their right of association and thus runs counter to the principles which are embodied in Article 46 of the National Constitution, relating to freedom of association. At present the Act is under consideration at the Constitutional Court.1109 The Act respecting collective agreements, strikes and lock- outs have been in force since 1963. An amendment is foreseen in the Social Insurance Act, 506, which will grant insurance rights of some 400,000 forestry workers. Agricultural Labour Act is under consideration at the Parliament. not bemeld ad of loloog ni tripuos.ed bluoda amaldong brisms sd on ten beplab gals insmevaM noin Usb T atnembneme beau inemme maioneseb triquod erit bnix or to srit bozzaq vlenimleriwisvo Insmeihsq srT srit bied al- choT yd besloeb ylnago esw © Jasl prigub veu ni sosiq neist aar terw w boost sis algosq raishu asitlubithib dimonos bns ut casing betosqxs ed of 915 amaldong art of anoituloz gnitasi- gnol tni or emotie 1st benelbob oels Inemstere bilduq s ni el-> hoT.basile91 916. motor yaizsvinu, mot smevom doing 961 and to noirisoqqo eris riw team lerle are how reixhuT to amobosit bns atripi izd Glorw Give Agac is sibem zwen erit bns at Bolu Artificial Wood Factory in the year 1971, 273 members were honrebe for 85 days. The strike was against Sümerbe to to A anorg abs of art to be one of Turkey, Stri w of vistno of the largest state members brittanjeps bomisla amembnems ed.baisbiupil a noinu 61) alpniz 6 ton( ATS) beramides al ri yabot yistsnuhotnu anoinu gob- volley to sonsaixe sds ditiw ysws ob bluow airt tsdt weiv s ritiw silage zi iw ws. IsisM onT anoinu ynsqmoo roue vd bellow noo 98 219how 000,00$ smoa terl ni benned ai juoxbol bns noiros existe ad Jnsxs ns of asitip saorit ni asitivitos noinu obe17 19qmsd esitio It ni vitni nom 宿 bit lidays, mont benned na vd pwobude vliegmast need beslari to owed$ 12 srit hott3 ste na how chibliod in of the agree SerieMSI to mu Some Vistilim ar sonic ti bns alige stsiliite, al- ch0T 8.21" no" edasitivitos minutes in others, fondays are. how legolli tuo beings 2190 to 21 18 ebouqp art no 29iti the designated holidays( by law such as aquone sarit vertro and be perir gainisme eriams 199 apor day), vorkers are paid, amount equal to their on a sippu ir ar 97nuofu 12om al 11 ameldong Isn021 of hours in the standard work day. The poly exception to this ivitos primispied avitoallop 30 as tud ameldong is svioa of al- shut. nini neqz pied 916 you on a salaried basis, and whose monthly salary is regarded ,, by 29lapunta lenoeg bns lastru mont 9811 bns bezin6p10-9) teati hoinu brb asino enob ed gag- is agreements are granted blu and they offers adzon aris 3- bow take their chil allowance( 10, 15, 20, 25 owance( 300- to die: TL s), meal allowance( 3) Liras varjes 0161900 fuq nsed as epibliud el-> hut or bevom need as dies: 5,000- he dies during accident. These do not include the anniver ry of their hiring date. Social benbe lowance( 3.50 to 5.- Turkish liras per working dishing per ( con the worker or his dependents shall receive); work clothes wood( up to 5 tons a during winter time. Leaves of Jabour education seminars, etc.), perso94801 days; death of wife, husband, parents, brothers or sisters and children 2 to 4 days) and they are paid. There are also speyuzubni hoes.for nemgolov for union ac and 10/ 8M 236 UGANDA e ohioubong awollol as qu toore of beganism oved aw yeubni noijoute Sa the first Aluminium and steel: umi BUILDING constru arit svode CONSTRUCTION& 001 asw Iver al et WOOD Situation on the la WORKERS Q6w mu insma UNION UNION q 18 at primo song af yd ver no slduob 219dms the ai sonsbing berhe the general Organizationsors educationists Uganda Building Construction Civil Engineering and Allied Workers' Union whose officials are as follows: Labour President As many of vice- president bandshów ubi general secretary Q.C., who produce administrative secretary Natical Artby general treasurer branches of vice- treasurer place by starting wi national organising secretary Ang minimule subo consultation felt, that the Committee members: The Trade Union Act Epafuladito Sembatya Francis X. Kaggwanly L. Chancy- Kawesany Chr. John Mpalampa E. Kwebiiha Hall Hamadi Mairura Edirisa K. Kibirige Donato Eyupa Fredrick H. Kakembo Leo K. Nkabaitta stitogen of belts over W airt ybodme of National L eous ton how по t to Then ubni prillim wise or n This Union covers workers in Uganda employed in the construction civil engineering and allied trades, saw millers and factories manufacturing building materials. bisq aysb SS In 1969 opened with the book membership of 18,643 of which paid up membership were 10,000 sleeping members 3,000. Those left the Industry without reporting 5,643; additional new members 3,775. -bas In 1970 book membership was 21,418 of which paid up members were 13,000, sleeping members 3,400, left employment without reporting 5,018, new members 2,443. 1971 opened with book members: 23,996. Paid up members were 13,006, sleeping members increased from 3,000 to 4,000. Those changed of employment increased from 5,018 to 6,990. anise The damage of membership in 1971 was due to the completion of a lot of construction as the year was ending the 2nd Uganda five years development plan. S of ritrom I mont ai yuzubni llim we ad) nl vizzubni uls bas lest2 Collective bargaining developments in 1969-1971 One Industrial collective bargaining was made between the Uganda Association of Building and Civil En- ub gineering Constructors and the Union covering well over one hundred( 100) private employers plus on Major Housing Corporation which is a government parastatal body. Seperate collective bargaining agreements were made for employees working in the saw milling industry. itened More than 10 collective agreements made with individual engineering workshops 3 main collective agreements made with factories manufacturing aluminium and steel for construction industry. traininly In addition there are several collective bargaining agreements made with small wood working shops to give reasonable protection varying according to the numbers of employees employed by such shops. Wages& working conditions eris to ynsm as sbnspU ni Com This being a developing country most of the conditions are just at the start. It does not surprise to see, that what we call good conditions are what would be nothing in comparison to developed countries and may look something to the less developed countries than Uganda. Rates of pay: Construction industry: all the unskilled labourers in the construction industry are now above the established minimum wage of the city, municipality and towns by 15 percent. In rural areas by 25 percent of the minimum wage established there. We have established our job classification and grading to all the artisan employees into industry and are paid according to their grades. 237 m and steel for the conSaw milling industry: we are up by 10 percent while in factories producing aluminium and steel for the construction industry we have managed to shoot up as follows: In 1969 was 71 percent above the government minimum wage order 1965 In 1970 was 85 percent above the government minimum wage order 1965 In 1971 was 100 percent above the government minimum wage order 1965. Painting industry: 1970 by 47 percent 1971 by 14 percent coming to 61 percent above government minimum wage order 1965. UK orts We have also established job classification in all these industries which enable a lot of members to double or triple their wages by the established wage grades. It is only in the saw mills industry where we have not had the job classification and we are still negotiating, hope to finalise this soon but international experienced guidance is invited on this. Bonuses: We have tried to negotiate bonus benefits in our industries but due to lack of proper information, we have not succeded to embody this in any of the collective bargaining agreements. Working hours: The maximum working hours in Uganda by law is 48 hours a week. In the construction industry workers on the site are still at 48 hours a week. Those employed in workshops and offices work 42 hours a week. Anything above is to be paid at the rate of 1 1/2 times their rate of pay. oiten. In the saw milling industry starts from 42 to 45 hours a week while in factories producing aluminium and steel for the construction industry they work 39 hours to 42 hours a week. Paid vacation: be In the construction industry every employee on the site who completes a month on the job is entitled 1 1/2 day based on para rata paid leave which is taken at the end of each year or at anytime the job is stopped. Those in the workshop and offices are entitled to 22 days paid leave a year. eper In the saw mill industry paid annual leave varies from firm to firm starting from 18 days to 21 days a year. In aluminium and steel factories get from 22 to 26 plus cash leave allowance given to every worker proceeding on leave same covering the painting industry. Sick leave: edmem oniqesla, 800, iw Insmyolqms tisl em clood riw bonego ter In the construction industry employees are allowed 14 days with full pay for casual sickness and 14 days with half pay for casual sickness 21 full days hospitalisation and further 21 days on half pay, if the employee remains in hospital. spu bns aris pni sbnspU In the saw mill industry it varies from 1 month to 2 months according to the firms. Steel and aluminium industry 30 days with full pay during one year if the sickness is continuous. 20 days during one year if the sickness is intermittent. elloo laittaubal sno In the paint industry: 30 days full pay, 30 days half pay, 2 months with full pay if are hospitalised, 2 months half pay on hospitalisation sickness. enig pni grillim now assyolome Old age benefit: evitaell 910M bsin ainem In construction industry this scheme is not yet established same to the saw mill industry. Steel/ aluminium factories gratuity is established at 1/3 of the salary for each completed year of service. or enibro Major developments sive. The construction: in Uganda as many of the developing countries the construction industry is very progresHousing: 22 major national hospitals were constructed with aid of British fund. This gave employment and by 1973 will be finished all. One of the longest roads was completed in 1970 covering two hundred( 200) miles.02 Two very big international hotels were constructed, and one international conference centre was completed in the year 1971. im b The National Housing Corporation for the last 3 years has been very much engaged in the construction of dwelling houses. Hundreds of flats have been erected every year. This was by the aid of Israel government. However since the stoppage of diplomatic relations between Uganda and Israel government the Uganda government 238 has not decided who to take up the construction but the National Housing Corporation is likely to take it up by itself. Saw milling: The biggest plywood factory we have in the country was expanded. One chip- board factory the first of its kind in Uganda was put in operation in the year 1969. Aluminium and steel: Producers for the construction industry one aluminium and steel window factory was constructed in the year 1969. Situation on the labour market bul At present, Uganda is still facing a lot of unemployment problem on the side of the unskilled field, whereas there is lack of skilled manpower in the construction industries. The government has set up a committee to look into the affairs of unemployment in the country to which the general secretary of this union L. Chancy- Kawesa is a member representing the workers' side it includes University professors educationists and others from ministry of planning and ministry of labour. The committee was instructed to make thorough survey make report and recommendations to the government. Labour legislation Trade Union Act 1972 As many of the members might have heard of the sad closure of the only existed National Labour Centre by the former regime. Which was followed by the setting up of commission of inquiry by commissioner Binaisa Q.C., who produced his report in 1969. On 14 December 1970 Trade Union Act 1970 was enacted by the then National Assembly. It was enacted to form one National Union and all other National Trades Unions, to become branches of the major National Union. The day when the formation of such National Union was going to take place by starting with mass election of branch leaders which would have taken place on 26th January 1971. Then the government was overthrown on 25th January 1971 so this was never possible. The present government, after consultation felt, that the system was undermocratic. Now it is drafting to amend the present Act. The Trade Union Act 1970 had provided for the discontinuation of other unions after the elapse of 30 days from the date it was enacted that was November 1970. This government amended the act by Decree No. 10 allowing the continuation of all the trade unions registered under Trade Union Act 1965 to represent workers as before. smalt Vocational training The current government has put more emphasis on the vocational training. One big vocational Training Institute with the Japanese assistance was completed and opened on 9th October 1971. Another vocational training centre is under construction, this is aided by the German government. It is likely to be completed in 1973. The government enacted Industrial Training Decree 1972. This Decree provides for the appointment of the Industrial council by the minister of labour consisting of chairman and fourteen other members as follows: a) permanent secretary ministry of labour b) permanent secretary ministry of education c) permanent secretary ministry of planning and economic development d) permanent secretary ministry of works communication& housing e) four( 4) persons chosen to represent employers f) four( 4) persons chosen to represent employees g) two others chosen to represent other interests directly involved in industrial training. This Decree gives power to the minister by statutory order to establish training levy which shall be used solely for purposes of industrial training. It goes on to say that any person fails to comply with the provision of training levy order is guilty of an offence liable to fine not exceeding ten thousand Uganda shillings or twelve months imprison or to both. The levy is made for payment of tuition costs maintenance and travelling allowance to persons attending approved training courses. This Decree being that it has just recently been enacted it has not come to the full swing though the provisions are excellent. Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest Industrial democracy: It is worth to mention, that industrial democracy at present, only stops to the freedom to chose a Union Shopsteward. The workers have no say about the bad management. It is claimed that the management reserve exclusive right to manage its business regardless whether the employer is fit or not, nothing thought of the behaviour of such management representative. The 1964 Act does not allow workers to go on strike unless all the procedures have been exhausted. Yet there is not limit of days within which disputes have to be settled. This means that employers or any party concerned may intend to delay the settlement expecting no action to be taken against them. As the law does not allow strikes or lock out before exhausting the steps provid239 ed for in the Trade Dispute( Arbitration and Settlement) Act 1964, and no specified number of days within which to force the settlement the workers side is deprived of its right. International organisation: The sad days have gone though the scars still remain. In the last regime because of suspicious minds of the last regime's politicians, Trade unions were ordered by the then government to suspend contacts with the International Labour Organisations. This to trade unionism. It was a merciless blow to workers as workers of any country cannot live in isolation. When the present government took over power from the former regime said, that they felt, not worth controlling workers. This means the contact can be resumed provided it has the government's blessing. By this we were given green lights in this concern. Economic planning in the industry: It is very painful to note that most of the developing countries including Uganda have not come to feel it imperatively necessary to include trade unions in the economic planning in the industries. This has caused a lot of discontent amongst workers when ever their demands are not acceptable to the management even if there is reasonable cause. Workers not knowing what is going on behind the screen they insist and eventually result to industrial action, so in Uganda we feel it necessary to have full participation in the economic planning. Before the closure of ULC., the Centre had made comprehensive policy demanding inclusive of trade unions in the economic planning, participation in the economic and social movements, but all these were curtailed due to the closure of ULC., hope as this government wishes to re- establish ULC. at the soonest, the policy will be reinstated and accepted by the government. rls to biseri aver yasm A omidos namo dyd dmsos O sos0 AT no.0001 ni hoge air beaubong orlw,.3.0 Alenoi dous to noitenmol erit norwysb erT noin lanoite nojsm or to 29ronsid bluow doirlw arabsel donand to noitosis azem driw ninja y sosiq to 15.0 woll JoA insasiq brems of paitish no asw moreya sri sdt let noitstluanoo qale orit veste anoinu merito do noitsunitnoosib erit not bebivong bad over 13A noinU obs1T T hospi in hospital mill industry it varies from 1 month to 2 paid annual leave va from firm to firm starting from 18 days me nist IsnoitsooV ceed29 no bensqo bns betalamo w stutite off Eter ni bersiqmoo ed of yle bis ei air, noitounando isbnu al sito ster 99109 painis leitaubni betoane themmavog ad days with to yuzzinim visjes ransmisq ( s ( d or 8 noite ientino pow to vainim valees inensm99 ( b eg( P) quot ( 9 дет coro anoziaq() quot @ Old- age benefit bozu ed llora doidw inis dailde bevlovni virosiib ata to insens of noro zero owt isbno viotutsiz.yd 19tainim erit of two evi 100 airf ( e to nolavord SMART foessoquq tot vislos Leninist swolls en bne nism 23200 The ogres onstructed ni noin gbett Istane to anoitesup gnibusgenomm British fund. This gave employment and Thiles. oine seora of mob no op of graxhow walls ton asob A albingen zoniaudati opensm of dein eviauloxs ev15201 inespensm nemiegenem rouz to twoivered art to tripod Wed ut to Inamysq not abem ai yvel offTritod of no nozinqi artnom vintage is paid to air as priniet bevongos gribnets and f Uganda as many of the de Housing: 22 major national hospitals wer oo 240 emergers were USA dimi of ou difficulty in gai welter of gen possibility of LW.OF A tra The forest products indusimoine po edgeW Irver.renul) 12sten spew slams of use of the ike INTERNATIONAL ( 205) I noige other Ɛ noige holdi SA WOODWORKERS BAS noiteosv bisq obivong dib works; particularly in the smaller OF AMERICA market, there are more opportunities 10 to administer in one sec as it maximizes profits in has changes in the very " mill" town when fewe prices, alter product mix. A -ni bisg- 19yolqms tait a'vizubni er ret mi betutiteni( abans metasW bns sidmulo raisin8) E noipal Organization the profile of trad nsla sbiw- yitzub Most of they now have President First vice president Secretary- treasurer reldedo taller Second vice- president homeown brs Membership: with Ronald F. Roley Keith W. Johnson H. Landon Ladd William Botkin olpe: to 19yolqme- itlum to mot won s terit Approximately 105,000 in the United States and Canada. Of this total, over two- thirds are in the US Pacific Northwest and the Province of British Columbia. In British Columbia, the IWA represents the majority of forest products industry workers- from logging through sawmills, plywood plants, sash and door, millwork, shingle and furniture. Only workers in pulp and paper mills belong to other unions. In the US Pacific Northwest, however, IWA shares representation in the logging/ sawmill/ plywood sector with another Union( Lumber, Production and Industrial Workers- formerly known as Lumber& Sawmill Workers). Shingle, Furniture, Pulp& Paper workers- all belong to other unions. and OP- ritoa ytet IWA has 8,000 members in Central and Eastern Canada( mostly Ontario& Quebec) engaged primarily in small manufacturing operations, such as furniture, cabinet, box, etc. nation's commercial forest land and sk - In North Central US( primarily Minnesota& Wisconsin) approximately 6,000 members. An important new area of union organization in this region has been in the rapidly burgeoning mobile- home industry. In Southeastern US- approx. 15,000 members. This area is source of our union's greatest growth and greatest potential growth due to the development of Southern Pine plywood industry( and through use of its chip& waste products) the concomitant growth of board and pulp mills. Collective bargaining developments noitsuria Practically all IWA contracts provide for some variety of union and/ or agency shop( except in those states where it is forbidden by law.) Contracts cover all categories from common labor up through highly- skilled trades categories. Current contracts in US Pacific Northwest and British Columbia( BC) expire in June, 1972. Both these regions bargain essentially with major employer groups- individual companies usually following the pattern thus set. Sou In US Pacific Northwest( region 3) the IWA has, for the past nine years, coordinated its bargaining demands with the LPIW union- they have common expiry dates and common employers. In addition, this year the US locals are attempting to coordinate bargaining strategy and demands with the BC contingent- although the fact that US members must operate under the wage control policies of the Economic Stabilization Pay Board created by President Nixon last fall- precludes identical demands. Irign trigh The last three region 3 contracts have been for 3- yr. terms; last time a strike was used to achieve settlement was in 1963 and this was a strike- lockout situation. BC Coast contracts have been two- year terms; in 1966 and 1970 negotiations between union and employers stale- mated. An Industrial Inquiry Commissioner was appointed by the Provincial Government both times- his findings both times predominantly upheld union's case. As a long- run goal, the IWA is attempting to establish company wide negotiations with the larger companies ( eg., Weyerhaeuser, Georgia- Pacific), etc.). In some of the five regions, coordinated bargaining councils have been established for various sub- industries( eg., mobile homes in the Midwest). -of ni sbsm anoitialupos- 28vamo - caer bus saer asswood teri batnamusob inemnovorn legs m hi sool wen nuo namevog Aztechsm bns. abidzubni bosslevou vlist 241 Base rate region 1( coast) region 3 3.72 3.48 OWGOOM 5.42 Both provide paid vacations: Reg. 1 ranges- Wages& working conditionstration and Sample wage rates:( June 1, 1971) Act 1964, and no specified number of days AQU regime because skilled trades( sawyer/ sawmill) ast regi AMRETY 5.48 to suspend to om the for provided( AW 2 wks/ 1 yr. to) at straight time wernm 5 wks/ 23 yrs. to) plus 1/2 percent Econom Reg. 3 ranges- not come to 1 wk/ 1 yr. to) straight pay loping coun 4 wks/ 20 yrs. to) straight pay plus 40 hrs. includ Pensions: ning in ble Region 3( British Columbia and Western Canada) instituted in 1961 the industry's first employer- paid, industry- wide plan- current contribution averages 11 c/ compensable hour. Health& welfare: nesp ere curt Region 1 has various multi- employer trusts administered by union- management committees. It is probable that a new form of multi- employer pension plan will be established as a result of current negotiations. Region 3 gained company- paid, industry- wide Health& Welfare in 1966. Current contribution averages 27c/ compensable hour.( And in 1970 fully- paid dependent coverage was included.) 320 boowy region 1 region 3 Region 1 contract has jointly- shared Health& Welfare plan: Company contributes 70 percent of cost and employee 30 percent. Shift differentials: aster2 betinu arl sidm how flimws2 8 19dm dio 2nd& 3rd im 10c 2nd 12c 3rd 18c awon yhsmot 1 Both 40 hr./wk. anoinu erro of on His 000,801 vietsmixonqqA onivor erit bas taswrtho ort- 21show yazubni atouboiq qluq ni zachow vino.9utimut InoM oilios9 2U eris nl edmu.!) noinU tortons ritiw gluq surimuelenid2( a10 Both contracts provide for active Safety Committees and both regions employ at least one full- time safety director. Paid holidays: m Oregion 1 nixonqus-( nizr9iW 8 6102 amor- alicregion 3 osud vibi tunes llema лои п 8( an additional holiday has been agreed upon during ver current negotiations). 02 gl Major developments in the industry allim qluq bna bised 20 03 noo srit letoubong atzsw ( See attached sheet on the movement of the industry to the South). Situation on the labour market nemqoisvab gninisgned avituallco AWI Employment in most sectors of the wood products industry has been declining in the United States since World War II but has generally held steady in Canada and, indeed, in some sectors appears to be increasing.( See attached fact sheets.) ct sheets.) Labour legislation - nispsd anoip 198 Passage in 1970 of new federal law. Occupational Safety& Health Act which briefly- permits for the first time by the Federal Government, the setting of safe and healthful working conditions for any employer engaged in a business which in any way affects interstate commerce and has at least 2 employees. The lumber and wood products industry was initially targeted as one of the most hazardous( its injury frequency rate being 2 1/2 times the all- industry average) and therefore, to be one of the first to come under surveillance. The law confers some very meaningful rights on workers: right to request an inspection; to accompany inspector during the actual tour through his workplace and to point out specific examples; right to hearing to amend safety standards; right to be notified by his employer if he is being exposed to toxic materials or conditions in higher levels than pres- sw cribed in standards set; etc. - yd be Comments regarding questions of general trade union interest szubnil nA.betem- esta blodiqu vinanimobenq amit rod apnibnit During the period 1965-70, mergers in US industry occurred at a greatly accelerated pace. By the beginning of 1971, 100 of the largest manufacturing concerns held approximately half the total assets devoted to manufacturing- and accounted for over half the profits. od slidom pe The new look in this merger movement was the emergence of the conglomerate- acquisitions made in totally unrelated industries and markets. A government source has documented that between 1962 and 1967 three242 quarters of the mergers were in the conglomerate category. The forest products industry was not immune to this plague and its accompanying ills: - diminution of our union's comparative bargaining strength and the power of use of the strike difficulty in gaining corporate figures on productivity/ profit performance of our sector- which are lost in a welter of generalized balance sheet items ster visunel anime bns Ingmyolom3 possibility of disappearance of many jobs; and/ or being in direct conflict with other unions holding conBranch tracts with other recently acquired companies by the parent conglomerate Ind Saw changes in the very fabric of the community in which the worker lives and works; particularly in the smaller " mill" towns when an absentee owner is now in charge 008 ear agnine19 8 allimws2 when fewer companies hold dominance in a particular market, there are more opportunities to administer prices, alter product mix. A company can ignore a strike in one sector as it maximizes profits in another... Even the profile of traditional merging( with companies producing related products) has changed form. Most of our major forest products companies have acquired subsidiaries actively engaged in the housing market: they now have land- developing divisions engaged in on- site construction, prefab or modular home fabrication, mobile homes. Also, many now have giant retail chains into which they funnel their products for direct sale to homeowners for various do- it- yourself projects. Acquisitions by US firms have not been confined to North American continent; agreements have been reached with many undeveloped areas( such as the Philippines, Samoa) to gain long- term cutting rights and sources of cheap labor. In Canada, there has been a startling infusion of Japanese capital. In 1971- 1 out of every 4 sq. ft. of softwood plywood produced in the US was manufactured in the South. This statement capsulizes the spectacular story of the birth and growth of the Southern US Yellow Pine plywood industry. 008.eep Earnin 008.85 the first softwood ply plants were built in the South in 1963; by the end of 1971, over 50 new ones had gone on line, while in the Pacific Coast area, the number of plants had declined by 30. Some of the reasons contributing to this shift: A Timber availability - 000. Southern States have 39 percent of the nation's commercial forest land and almost NA half the timber growth. Regeneration cycles of Southern Pine are much shorter: 17-25 years for pulpwood-( 40-50 yrs. for Douglas Fir) 30-50 years for sawtimber - ( 80-100 yrs. for Douglas Fir) innovations in equipment have made it possible to peel small- diameter pine logs. Also, So. Pine has proven highly suitable for sheathing- production of rough sheathing now represents 2 1/2 times that of sanded. Proximity to Eastern markets- gives a definite shipping cost edge.. Lower wage rates. Southern wages are approximately 60 percent of those paid in the West. It is also true that Southern productivity does not equal Westerners, but new Southern mills incorporate highly automated equipment; each step in mechanization demands fewer highly- skilled workers and helps to close the gap in output per man/ hour. Because of the terrain, road/ logging/ forest regeneration costs are lower in South. TOM AM Southern ply producers found themselves in direct competition with lumber and pulp/ paper manufacturers for timber supplies. Many of them have built completely integrated facilities; they are equipped to handle the whole tree and even those trees not suitable for ply production. Adjacent chip- n- saw mills, for instance produce studs and chips/ shavings for resale to pulp/ paper mills or for use in their own varied hard/ flake/ particle board mills. Selective logging is thusly eliminated; everything is cut and then channeled to its highest end- use. Most companies avoid the expense of carrying loggers on their own payrolls. They enter into individual agreements with private( and non- union) pulpwood cutters. This effectively eliminates any necessity for compliance with the Federal Minimum Wage Law which exempts logging crews of less than eight men. Crews of 8 men are the rule rather than the exception- due, in part, to this individual enterprise type of operation; and also to the fact that logging is a highly mechanized operation now in the comparatively flat Southern terrain. Because of so- called" right- to- work" laws in several Southern States, race relations problems, usual antipathy of local business men and politicians, etc. union organization in the South is faced with unusual difficulties. It is expected, however, that in time, the IWA will realize its potential here. 243 aroubong 1910 or Department of Research, Education and Collective Bar- up gaining Coordination International Woodworkers of upsiq wood bos rione America, March 30, 1972 uo to notunimib Economic fact sheet- Lumber& Wood Products- United States no 1. Employment and earnings, January 1972: 5.42 ameri 199rlz sonsled ni viluɔittib lew s Branch of industry Sawmills& Planing Mills No. of P& M workers Average straight time Average weekly dizzoq Average 210617 weekly hrly. earnings hours earnings asperto vor" llim" 189,800 $ 2.93 40.1 $ 123.11 Millwork, Plywood& Related Wooden Containers Miscellaneous 156,500 $ 3.33 160 40.6 blod $ 138.45 25,400 09 $ 2.48 38.5 74,600 $ 2.54 40.1 $ 98.56 $ 111.08 asping in All Lumber& Wood beoses v500,700 $ 3.06 39.9 ng$ 127.28 to 120M amod slubom so dete 2. Trend in Employment of production and maintenance workers: Employment( annual averages) 1950 1960 1969 9 1970 Sawmills& Planing Mills 423,500 262,000 209,400 Millwork, Plywood& Related 120,200 123,800 145,100 Wooden Containers 60,300606 37,900 32,500 ever won vers bblidom 219w0emor 1971 apoA27c/ 195,400 golove 191,700 driw be 137,900 ba152,000 dsl qsaro 29,700 tuo 26,500 l Miscellaneous N.A. 51,800 75,700 74,500 71,800 airT All Lumber& Wood 745,000 561,100 528,600 499,700 499,500 yaubni ort 3. Trend in employment of all employees: వి. Logging Camps& Contractors* 91,500 91,000 79,900 76,100 no snop 69,600 Sawmills& Planing Mills 451,000 287,500 230,300 215,000 211,200 Millwork, Plywood& Related mm 136,800 or 146,500 172,600 ms 166,300lide 182,300 Wooden Containers Miscellaneous All Lumber& Wood 65,000 N.A. 808,000 41,800 36,400 33,500 pad29,900 ad 60,000 89,900 med89,400 86,800 86,800 619 626,800 puod 609,200 580,300 579,800 sey 08-08 4. Trend in Production and Manhours( Indexes: 1967= 100): 1954 1960 1969 bong Production 67.5 200 74.2 Manhours( Prod.& Maint.) Production: Manhours 120.1 56.2 104.9 70.7 In 108.6vig 101.9 106.6 1970 21196.3m noitevonni 1971 viripid 113.3 019 95.1 96.1 111.8 117.9 Bee sm sq suquo ni * Data available only for" All Employees" for Logging Camps& Logging Contractors. N.A. Not Available arit to szu698 to Comme ning 244 The ezib ni esvisament bnual jsoubong yiq merttuo2 vistelginos liud even ment to vos que 4 101 aldetiua ton ass goru sve bng 6898 fers mdorthoMight bisestaving mess egsW muminiM lobe erit iw consil heq ni sub-- noiteoxs srit nart 19 elu sdt ens nem hoitengo besinarbem virginis zi enippol teri tost art of lotpbrisaners adoninud poldo yrit aroq esilee iliw AW! orb amis ni tarievewor beloeqxs ai 11 was the emergence of the conglomerate acquisitions markets. A government source has documented that between 1962 and 1967 three retiring members when their wo day The Department of Research, Education and Collective Bargaining Coordination International Woodworkers of America, April 3, 1972 Economic Fact Sheet- Wood Products Industry- Canada stit 1. Employment and Earnings of Wage- Earners; August 1971: Branch of No. of 031 Average Average Average Industry Wage 230 Hourly Weekly Weekly Earners Earnings Hours Earnings Saw, Shingle& Planing Mills 46,500 $ 3.42 38.9 $ 132.67 Veneer& Plywood Mills 10,500 $ 3.38 36.7 $ 124.15 Sash, Door& Flooring Mills 11,900 $ 2.63 41.9 $ 110.55 boo bas pribliu@ To All Wood Products 76,200 $ 3.21 39.1 $ 125.82 ings to bio391 edmem 2. Trend in Employment in the Wood Products Industry: -ab yd boo Annual Earnings 8 mobiusq 1957 1965 80x1969 ob 1970 prisil Saw, Shingle& Planing Mills 38,800 47,400 45,700 N.A. 8 eff Veneer& Plywood Mills 10,900 14,200 13,300 N.A. s not emitto Sash, Door& Flooring Mills 12,900 11,800 12,900 N.A. mba enT All Wood Products gould aidT 73,100 80,600 80,300 76,900 roidw bood 3. Employment and Earnings in the Wood Products Industry, August 1971: 10 Wage erit of 10zivb ns as bev za sH: 013- Employment betn9291091 26risHavens ni Total Salaried no ai or bos lionuo yrozivbA noit Employees Employees Earners Saw, Shingle& Planing no gid Weekly Earnings Total Salaried Waged Employees Employees Earnersdal 51,100 Veneer& Plywood Mills bas over 11,800 Sash, Door& Flooring ni sub ai zin14,700 All Wood Products 86,900 2,700 10,600 4,700 46,500 1,300 10,500 11,900 76,200 $ 138.12$ 192.37$ 132.67 $ 131.29$ 187.81$ 124.15 $ 118.93$ 145.51$ 110.55 $ 132.64$ 181.56$ 125.82 -ed boineq rinom- 08 gnitub 4. Trend in Production and Manhours( Indexes: 1961= 100): -ni Tu abor 1967 1968 1969 lenoiten gnideildsize ni mempo a boc Production quot boorhero 142.8 bal Manhours jaubi ert to nevolams 106.8 143.9 107.1 143.7 109.3 1970 head ev 138.8 103.1 1971 151.6 N.A. ystne not beyolqmanu 9100 bisd qiu mongong heiggs puoids dubni sit oth N.A.Not Available ezenti drvo Y 10t barizildste boorher! A gnuoy roses or anoitesinego trupy elicie bos adulo' evod eludoayod erit iw 190000 o meson evitevonni bne to aspon sit of ebern sad the gruoy ears to noinoq yiboog s prizons to loop remislu arti diw slgoaq i to Jomsonsvbs or bos noise wo 2191qarib 34YJ T sintaubni isbit beills bos paitsiobeb gnisning erit bna bopharon nuo oni slob lov, noitseen to amengong qolovab of anoitasinsgio' slqooq prwoy gritas ritiw show oo grit bas 21912 TUO 1ot adulo roirly rebnu magong anasisi insa a borzildare bootherto18 arts cele blo mert bis nemenitev gnidosongge vol mar esqiq of noitan sit suorlguairt barmot need aver avadmom stil to vsilsup art evongmi of bas egs gnionavbo bi smeo dbir amaldon luoitti vigniassoni a univiez ni w meriton arts yd bevonqmi yltseng need, ad boorharron wo juodquot girlsbeslisool to azanoviras qe bns ansoitto noinu leool emis- llut not blori ove anime was notuo mong aqori2 how qida enisinsgio eaimonos most grigns atosidue gnisva ebenso bre ester2 batin eri azonos sitio ni namyamuoj bne qirlespianaqqs bne cenil zelaiq bris elite gritoubnoo.noitsleigst sodelno prizeirogen anssitio oinez bra rituoy not amangoiq to noitetnomslami.of ' boor erit grob sonarqubos besiqobi boning and soet ni berkildsjas as19 noien tenisz'boorado18 0 erit ni gniteqioinsq won eis 21sdmsm 000,0 smo two lenemoneriq yoins or asumisno bas any q 1260 245 USA ORGANIZED BROTHERHOOD OF PAINTERS MAR. 15, 1887 EDUCATION RATERN Obne noitepub dogs to themthsge booW Isnoitement noiranibi000 prin AND ALLIED TRADES E12 ster& iqA 1972: A ent of Research, Education and Collective Bar nation International Woodworkers of ica, March 30, 1972 INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF PAINTERS AND ALLIED TRADES 218 003.or booW- Jeri2 106 mon ims3 bns inomyolqm3 to dönen vitaubni njos& sipnid2 ws2 819909V 118 1000 das2 62 During the past three years since the last convention of the International Federation of Building and Woodworkers, the International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades has maintained a steady record of achievement in strengthening the Brotherhood and in improving the economic and social status of its members. This fine progress was made possible by the complete restructuring of the Brotherhood under the leadership of general president S. Frank Raftery, who dramatically increased the effectiveness of the Brotherhood's programs by departmentalizing its operations and greatly expanding its services. The Brotherhood's 22nd General Convention of August 1969 unanimously re- elected all incumbent general officers for a five year term and expanded the official family by the addition of a seventh general vice president. The administration of general president Raftery received a full vote of confidence and the progressive program which he proposed for the ensuing five- year period was enthusiastically adopted. This blueprint for the Brotherhood's dynamic future included a complete refinancing of the Brotherhood's operations. General president Raftery has taken on a great many new responsibilities during the past three years. He has been elected to membership on the Executive Council of the AFL- CIO. He has served as an Advisor to the labor delegate to the July 1971 meeting of the International Labor Organization in Geneva. He has represented labor on the Peace Corps Advisory Council and now represents labor on the Action Advisory Council and he is an active member of the Board of Directors of the African- American Labor Center. The Brotherhood's membership showed a steady growth during 1969 and 1970 and has been maintained at over 200,000 during 1971 and 1972 despite the current economic recession. This is due in great part to a new emphasis on organizing. New job opportunities for Brotherhood members have been created by its expanded and improved program of journeyman training. Apprentices in training grew by 3,800 during the 36- month period between January 1969 and January 1972. Today, our members receive constant training to update their skills in coating techniques and acquire knowledge of the new materials and new methods being introduced into our industry. Job opportunities have been further expanded by the Brotherhood's program in establishing national agreements in many new fields. New members have also been attracted to the Brotherhood through the Job Corps program conducted in cooperation with the United States government and the employers of the industry. Pre- M apprentice programs are being carried on in 29 areas across the nation to equip hard core unemployed for entry into the industry through apprenticeship. At its 1969 convention, the Brotherhood established LYFE( Labor for Youth Fitness and Employment), an innovative program to cooperate with the boyscouts, boys' clubs, and similar youth organizations to teach youngsters the value and dignity of work and the contribution which the labor movement has made to the progress of our nation and the advancement of its people with the ultimate goal of attracting a goodly portion of these young people into our Brotherhood and the painting, decorating and allied trades industries. The LYFE chapters throughout the nation work with existing young peoples' organizations to develop programs of recreation, volunteer work and education. At this convention also, the Brotherhood established a senior citizens program under which clubs for our older members have been formed throughout the nation to prepare them for approaching retirement, aid them in solving the increasingly difficult problems which come with advancing age and to improve the quality of life for these older citizens. The effectiveness of local leadership throughout our Brotherhood has been greatly improved by the Brotherhood's Leadership Work Shops program. Fourteen area seminars are held for full- time local union officers and representatives in cities across the United States and Canada, covering subjects ranging from economics, organizing, negotiating contracts, labor legislation, conducting strikes and picket lines and apprenticeship and journeyman training to implementation of programs for youth and senior citizens. Our Brotherhood's National Pension Plan established in 1967 has gained widespread acceptance during the past three years and continues to enjoy a phenomenal growth. Some 40,000 members are now participating in the 246 plan to which 5,000 employers contribute each month to establish the trust fund which provides security for our retiring members when their working days are ended. The past three years have been years of substantial progress for the International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades. We have established a well- led and well- staffed organization built on a firm foundation and we have instituted procedures and policies designed to meet the needs of the approaching years. Although the problems we see ahead at home and abroad are difficult and many, we look forward with confidence to the challenges of the future. 247 2 Centimetres Inches Blue # C9C9FF # 0000FF 7 Color chart 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 5 Sachverständigen- Zubehör.de Cyan Green Yellow Red Magenta White Grey Black #COESFC # 009FFF # 759875 # 008800 # FFFFC7 # FFFF00 # FFC9C9 # F10000 # FFC9FF # FF00FF #FFFFFF # 9D9E9E # D9DADA # 5B5B5B # 000000 2 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Centimetres Inches Grayscale 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 100% 50% CYM Sachverständigen- Zubehör.de 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 18% 0% FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DES TRAVAILLEURS DU BATIMENT ET DU BOIS INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF BUILDING AND WOODWORKERS INTERNATIONALER BUND DER BAUUND HOLZARBEITER INTERNATIONELLA BYGGNADSOCH TRÄINDUSTRIARBETARUNIONEN FEDERACION INTERNACIONAL DE TRABAJADORES DE LA CONSTRUCCION Y DE LA MADERA IBBH IFBWWW FITBB IBTU FITCM SECRETARIAT: 27-29, RUE DE LA COULOUVRENIERE CH- 1204 GENEVE( SWITZERLAND) TEL:( 022) 26 28 11 Z 8 A