Z 8178
REPORT
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING Brussels, February 23-25, 1995
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF JOURNALISTS 266, rue Royale
B- 1210 Brussels( Belgium)

5. IFJ AFFA
5.1.
ine
IFJ EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE REPORT Brussels, February 23-25, 1995
1. OPENING AND APOLOGIES FOR ABSENCE
The
The President welcomed participants and opened the meeting. Apologies were received from Mademba Ndiaye and George Odiko. Karen Stander had left the SAUJ and consequently would not attend.
2. APPROVAL OF THE AGENDA
The
The Executive Committee agreed the agenda.
3. REPORTS
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The minutes of the past Executive Committee were approved. The Administrative Committee had met on February 22 to prepare recommendations on staff, financial, membership affairs and help the preparation of Congress. The recommendations would be dealt through the Executive Committee agenda.
4. GENERAL SECRETARY'S REPORT
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The General Secretary reported on a number of themes which had concerned the activities of the IFJ since the last Executive Committee: bisa
Regional Activities:
The General Secretary said that the transition to effective regional organisation with the Federation was not without difficulties. The regional office in Asia had suffered from an unwelcome interruption after the resignation of Mary Ann Tann.
However, action was being taken to make the office operational quickly. At the same time difficulties had arisen in Latin America which were being dealt with.
The General Secretary stressed that the regional organisations of the IFJ had devolved authority to define the priorities for work and IFJ project activity and that the secretariat was responsible for carrying out work according to priorities established by the Executive Committee and the regional groups. This process inevitably caused some difficulties in a start- up period as had been the case in Europe.
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The General Secretary said that he had reflected somewhat on the future approach of the IFJ regarding ethics and professional responsibility. He said that the code of ethics of the IFJ had been shaped in a particular historical and cultural
context.
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IFJ code of ethics:
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-2SHI We should consider how this fitted with the global reach of the Federation, embracing, particularly, journalists' organisations from Asia and the Arab world where different cultural traditions apply.
This should not be a process which would diminish or reduce the importance of the central precepts and principles upon which the IFJ code is based, but would, rather, strengthen the code by ensuring it properly embraced all cultural traditions. He said that a background paper for Congress on the subject would be prepared.
Relations with the IOJ:
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The General Secretary referred to his report on the Amman Congress of the IOJ and said that given the problems, particularly in the area of financial administration, which the IOJ still faced it would be quite inappropriate to consider any form of structural links. He said that the IFJ had the constitution, programme of activities and policy range to form the basis of sole international representation of journalists.
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This was acknowledged by all relevant international bodies and by all major journalists organisations. The Executive Committee agreed with this approach.
Seh Yong Lee added to the report and gave information of the new officers of the IOJ. He said that there was considerable indiscipline at the Congress.
The problems he said were, finally, not just financial or political, but essentially reflected a moral crisis from which the IOJ was unlikely to recover. This view was supported by Zayda Villalobus who also attended the Congress.
Finally, the General Secretary said that the debate about the IOJ and the continued growth of the IFJ had placed a specific responsibility upon the IFJ to define its role for the future and to consider its own historical tradition. He said that the IFJ should acknowledge that its history dates from the establishment of the original Federation Internationale des Journalistes.
This was an important clarification of our history because it put into its proper historical perspective the developments in 1940, 1946 and 1952 all of which had their roots in the original FIJ. Mario Guastoni welcomed this acknowledgement of the IFJ's history which also recognised the leading role of the SNJ in France in establishing the international.
The Executive Committee agreed with this historical review which, it was agreed, should be put before Congress.
IFJ Information Booklet
The Executive Committee adopted the draft document from the General Secretary regarding a new information booklet on the IFJ which would be produced and translated for presentation at Congress. A number of corrections and amendments were also agreed. The final text is attached( Appendix 1).
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5. IFJ AFFAIRS
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5.1. Secretariat and Staffing
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The General Secretary was in the process of trying to strengthen full time IFJ human rights work again. Lee Woodyear would return from Rwanda at the end of March after his contract with the United Nations came to an end. He would reintegrate the IFJ for a couple of months and would help us to make the transition. A young student ( Jeroen Lasure) would assist us too in this area.
The General Secretary recalled that the staff collective agreement should be revised and renegotiated after Congress.
5.2. Membership
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Bosnia- Herzegovina
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Independent Union of Professional Journalists of the Republic of B.H. The journals
The union had applied for full membership but was not yet a trade union. The IFJ would encourage and help them to convert the association into a trade union. The views of the existing affiliate had been sought, but no response had been received.
Decision: to admit as associate member.
Republic of Moldova
Journalists' Union of Moldova
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It was noted that the union looked at creating a Journalists' Trade Union Federation. Such an objective would be investigated. The union was recognised as a national organisation both within the Russian and the Rumanian journalists' organisations. Following questions on the notion of" national territory", it was made clear that Moldova had been recognised as an identity by the United Nations.
Decision:
Recalling that Moldova has been recognised by the UN as an national identity, it was agreed to admit as an associate member
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1. Syndikat Dziennikarzy Polskich
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No proper application was received. Clarification was sought but in vain sofar. It was noted that a part of their members had double membership with the Journalists'ed Association of Poland.
Decision: It was agreed to further investigate the application.

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2. Stowarzyszenie Dziennikarzy Polskich
ARA LL2
The Association had been removed from IFJ membership roll after the decision of the Buenos Aires Executive Committee meeting( April 1994). The decision resulted from an outstanding debt of IFJ fees. The Association was looking to reverse the decision by proposing an arrangement to clear their debt.
Decision:
Romania
Pending to the payment of half of their fees dues by April 30th, 1995, the Association would return in IFJ membership.
Hungarian Association of Journalists in Romania
It was said that the Association already benefitted from IFJ membership through the Journalists Association of Romania which was a Federation of different groups of journalists in Romania. But it was also noted that only one third of the members had double membership. However, it was made clear that an independent relationship with a non- member organisation should be rejected. A vote was called to admit them as associate member but it resulted in 4 votes to 7, with 1 abstention. The 2/3 majority was not reached.
Decision:
1) to seek to have a relationship with the group;
2) to seek to do it through the Romanian Journalists Association;
3) to look at making sure that all parties having an interest in it will be satisfied by the solution.
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Hungary
Community of Hungarian Journalists
A vote was called to admit them as associate member. It resulted in 12 to 0 with 2 abstentions.
Decision: to admit as associate member.
Cameroon
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Cameroon Association of English- speaking Journalists( Camasej)
A vote was called to admit them as associate member. It resulted in 7 to 2 with. The 2/3 majority was not reached and the vote was defeated.
Decision: Not to admit as associate member.
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Association pour le Droit à l'Information
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The association was grouping Zairian journalists from the Diaspora. It was based in Belgium. The Association was seeking the IFJ agreement to be issued IFJ press cards for its members. It was recalled that the Zairian union of journalists( UPZA) had been removed from IFJ membership roll by the IFJ Executive Committee last April.
Decision:
Chile/ Fenat
Estor
Sri Lanka
non- member
Rejecting a direct relationship with a association, it was agreed to urge the national union to provide such a service to journalists in exile.
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1. Sri Lanka Working Journalists Association France 2. Sri Lanka Press Association
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The journalists' community in Sri Lanka was very divided. An IFJ" Media for Democracy" programme was implemented in the country looking at creating a single and more professional organisation. Finally a vote was called which resulted in 13 votes to 0 with 1 abstention.
Niger
Decision: to admit the two unions in associate membership encouraging them to work towards unity through a joint international committee.
Nicaragua
National Trade Union of Journalists of Nicaragua
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There were two organisations of journalists in Nicaragua having a Sandanista approach at different degree. The applicant had a broader scope in terms of trade union profile and represented the printed media and the radio. They focused on en training and trade unions activities. A vote to admit them as a full member was defeated( 4 votes to 3 with 6 abstentions). A second vote to admit them as associate member resulted in 13 votes in favour.
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Spain/ Decision: to admit as associate member.
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Spain/ Brazil
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Federaçao Nacional de Jornalistas Profissionais
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The IFJ had been in close contact with Fenaj over the last two years. It was an autonomous organisation with a professional and trade union profile. Their
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-6membership was proportional to the region and made difficult the IFJ fees payment. A proposal looking at paying an annual lump sum( 10,000 US$) should be arranged.
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Decision: to admit as a full member.
France
SNJ- CGT
A letter applying for IFJ membership had been received. The application form and questionnaire had not been sent. It was noted that the applicant was in conflict with the IFJ affiliate( SNJ) for using their logo to their profit. The applicant had lost a number of members and remained with a total of about 200 journalists. The SNJ- CGT had been asked by the SNJ to renounce to the SNJ acronym.
Decision:
to look into the matter and clear the question of the SNJ acronym before taking any decision.
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Japan
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Nipporo and Yumori Shimbun had merged to form a new organisation, the" Japanese Conference of Media Unions"( 4,400 members). They had already paid their fees to 0 otestov the IFJ for 1995.
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Two other applications were expected from Japan. MIMPO ROREN-- organising the private sector of the Broadcasting field-- and SHIMBUN ROREN the largest newspaper workers' union-- had also agreed in principle to join the IFJ. The decision would be formally taken in July.
5.3. Finance Report
5.3.1. Accounts 1994, Budget 1995
Over the last two years, the IFJ had to cope with putting into effect a number of cuts. The IFJ was in process to rebuild its financial strength but the process would take some years. Through its decision to move, the IFJ had gained a substantial decrease in the rent( 50% less) for 1/3 space office in extra. Referring to the allocation of results, it was noted that after a deficit of 1.1 million BF, the IFJ had come up with a surplus of 5.5. million BF. As far as the IFJ affiliation fees were concerned, the debt amount of 8,244,080 BF should take account of Fape and Newspaper Guild IFJ fees payment( 2 million). In addition prudent cost control had taken account of bad debts ( 4,370,841 BF). In 1994, the IFJ turnover represented an income around 82 million BF( projects and IFJ fees). 30% of that amount constituted the IFJ core structure. A clear picture in graphic terms would be available at Congress to make understand how the IFJ finances were allocated in terms of administration, salaries, project activities etc.
In the budget 1995, it was noted that IFJ fees had not developed and exonerations
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-7had gone down. A prudent budgeting had been made regarding fees income. It was said too that there would be a big increase of computer supplies( 360%).
Finally, the Executive Committee endorsed the 1994 accounts and the 1995 sene budget.
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5.3.2. Affiliations fees
a) Present situation
Chile/ Fenatramco A payment of 1000 US$ was received.
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Estonia/ JUE
A warning letter would be sent asking them to react and pay their debts by April 1. Beyond that date, they would be removed from IFJ membership roll.
France/ CFDT
The same decision applies to CFDT.
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NUJ- India
The same decision applies to NUJ- India.
Korea/ KFPU- JAK An arrangement taking account of union contribution to IFJ work should be made. At the same time the Koreans should be asked to make a cash contribution before Congress and to have a plan to reduce the debt further in the coming period. But KFPU debt( 1990-1991) should be cleared before April 1.
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A new leadership much more sympathetic to the IFJ had been elected. In the frame of the MFD programme the union would be involved in the compilation of a directory of independent media in Africa. Such contribution could be set against the debt.
The union had been readmitted in IFJ membership after a tabuo payment of fees. IFJ had been promised that further payments would be made.
Poland/ SDP anoin Half of the debt should be paid by April 1. In that case, the union would be readmitted in IFJ membership.
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Spain/ UGT Spain/ Fape
The UGT would be pressed to pay their fee dues.
The situation of their fee dues had been set out.
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Sri Lanka/ Union of asw tuc Arrangements had been made with the union( at IFJ/ FES Journalists of SL
Turkey/ TGS
Ukraine
meeting in Colombo).
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They had started paying their debt.
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A warning letter would be sent asking them to pay their debt or
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-8to seek an arrangement by April 1. Beyond the date, the union would be removed from IFJ membership roll.
Venezuela/ SNTP
An arrangement was made. 1000 US$ were received.
After having reviewed the list of IFJ fee dues, it was stressed that as a matter of urgency, the future Executive Committee would have to examine the question of the principles that were applying to make special arrangements.
5.3.2. b) Requests for arrangements
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The Executive Committee considered the specific requests for arrangements and agreed the following:
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Bulgaria/ Podkrepa: 50% exoneration on 1994 and 1995 fees debt.
Bulgaria/ BJU
50% exoneration on 1994 and 1995 fees debt.( They had paid onsi their 1992-1993 fees).
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France/ SNJ
to allow them to pay their 1995 fees in three instalments.
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U.K./NUJ
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India/ IJU
5.3.
The past Executive Committee had accepted a payment of 36,000 pounds for 1994. Consequently, an exoneration was automatically agreed for 1994. choos
In 1995 their contribution was raised to 37,000 pounds. Therefore an exoneration of 1,458,920 BF was agreed for 1995.
The union was in arrears until 1992. But complete figures and audit report were received from the union. Finally, in an attempt to recognise the lowest level of size of union within the IFJ, the IJU would pay 400 US$ for 1992-1993, 200 US$ for 1994 and 500 US$ for 1995.
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In the discussion, the Executive Committee considered whether the IFJ should stick to the principle that the national affiliation fee income was the criteria for the poorest union. Finding a way of quantifying the actual commitment that a union made to IFJ work could help the situation. In addition the IFJ should approach these unions and 2\ bnslog examine together the real figures of income that a union had and than make a calculation that it should be at least 10% to be paid to IFJ or, at least a certain base rate of figures. It was agreed that a minimum of 500 US$ should be paid a year.
Peru/ FNTCS- ANP: to allow them to pay their 1995 fees in three instalments. Portugal/ SDJ
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the union had been upgraded to category A but was willing to return to category B.
As a matter of principle, the union would remain in category A. Having expressed financial problems, the union would benefit from category B advantage. It would receive an exoneration of 50 % for 1993, 1994 and 1995.
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Slovakia: Monitoring S. Africa:
Finally it wa USA/ TNG:
8. IFJ ACT
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to exonerate their 1995 fees of 50%.
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to exonerate their 1995 fees of 50%.
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TNG owned 100,000 US$ to the IFJ. An amount of 30,000 US $ had been paid and it was agreed to cancel the debt of 70,000 US$ for 1992-1993. In 1995, TNG would pay an amount of 48,000 US$.
Germany/ no The union had raised its membership figures for 1995( 14,500 instead IG Medien: of 11,132). But following the unification, it had to lay off 50 jobs from about 300 within the union.
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It was agreed to give them an exoneration of around 25% for 1995 but the reduction should not come to an effect that the union would pay less than in 1994.
Is 5.3.3. Assistance Fund Report
The Assistance Fund had begun the year with a deficit of over 150,000 BF. An increased deficit was expected at the end of the year. It was said that 1993 deficit would take time to be absorbed. The situation was improving but the IFJ would have to look for a surplus and cut back the deficit further. Regarding the access to the fund, the hard line decided in Montreal( assistance of 50%) had been unmanageable. But the IFJ had imposed a regime based on some principles taking account of different conditions applying to members. Balance and commonsense was essential. The application had to be made in writing by the union. The cheapest air fare and accommodation should be sought and a contribution( 10%) was expected from the union. No per diem would be paid and this subsistence was regarded as the own contribution of at least 10 per cent expected of all recipients.
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Decision:
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The Executive Committee recommends in the new nshoplA Congress term to have Executive Committee meetings twice a year( March& October);
( en A resolution on financial strategies including references to policy regarding the Assistance Fund would be prepared for Congress.
5.4. IFJ Press Card
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The IFJ press card had become more and more popular. It was a form of income for
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the IFJ. Even poorer unions having problems to pay their fees should exploit such advantage among their membership. The IFJ would continue to promote it.
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6. TRADE UNION AFFAIRS
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6.1. ICFTU
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The IFJ would be pushed for more trade union co- ordinated action on a number of areas. The crisis over Serbian paper" BORBA" had led to an appeal to the international trade union movement which had responded very positively. In addition it was noted the willingness of the trade union movement to become integrated in neibeM DI human rights work.
6.2. Relations with Mass Media Union: ISETU/ PTTI
An IFJ proposal looking at establishing a Media Alliance had been agreed by the International Board of Isetu- Fistav. The formal way to exchange general information and information on membership was in process. Regarding the International Federation of Telecommunications Workers,( PTTI) the IFJ had succeeded in bringing them into the co- ordination process and it was expected that this co- operation would leaA erT strengthen further.
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7. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
7.1. Unesco, FIEJ
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Unesco would organise an international regional conference in the Arab world ( Sa'ana) in the beginning of next year. But the conference funding was not yet secured. The IFJ had been asked to co- ordinate the preparation of background papers on training and on a range of issues concerning" Media in the Service of Society"( papers on public broadcasting, Ethics and Journalism, Editorial Independence etc.). A paper considering how the journalists in the Arab world could respect professional ethics should be prepared.
--
However, it was pointed out that the conference's funding was not yet secured. Finally, the IFJ would propose to Unesco to help organise a series of tours for Algerian journalists in European 2 or 3 groups made of 6 journalists each countries to release them from tension. IFJ unions would be invited to welcome such groups and to help highlight the Algerian crisis in their country.
--
Unesco was also interested in helping fund an IFJ conference in Asia( Hong Kong) late 1995. The Unesco Beijing Symposium on Women and the Media would take place in December 1995. The IFJ had been invited to provide expertise in the preparation of background papers from the various regions. Bettina Peters, Katia Gil and Ruba Husari would represent the IFJ at the preparatory meeting in Toronto early March. How the IFJ would participate in terms of delegation in the Beijing Conference would be considered by the Executive Committee after Congress.
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In addition, Unesco had committed 5,000 US dollars to the establishment of the IFJo to sieno Monitoring Unit in Palestine.
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Finally it was reported that the IFJ was looking at securing the continuation of funding
from Unesco for the IFJ/ FIEJ Ljubljana Center.led out
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8. IFJ ACTIVITIES
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8.1. IFJ Working Parties
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8.1.1. Copyright
The Executive Committee noted the Barcelona resolution" Culture and Rights". The conference involving all authors' rights( musicians etc.;) was the third conference dealing with Culture and Law and Culture and Rights.
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8.1.2. Freelances
The Executive Committee noted the report from the IFJ freelance Working Party and the Berlin declaration. The WP report covered three aspects, relations between staff journalists and freelancers, protection of freelancers from theft and freelance newspapers. The German freelance WP had developed a freelance directory on diskette. Finally it was said that the future of the IFJ freelance WP would be considered at next meeting. Developing regional freelance working party could be the line to investigate.
8.1.3. New Technology
In view of the Information Society new strategies, more expertise would be needed ( specialist group). It would be considered after Congress. In the meantime the IFJ awaited the report of the New technology working party.
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8.1.4. Equal Opportunities
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The issue had been maintained through Unesco activities( Beijing conference). Space ex ent had also been given to the issue through the general IFJ work. The place and the role of women in media had been a major part of the Seoul regional meeting. Recent meetings in Sydney had also addressed the issue. It was hoped that participation in IFJ Congress would reflect the role, numbers and proportion of women membership in IFJ unions.
8.1.5. Racism and Xenophobia
The IFJ conference" Media Challenge: Nationalism, Racism and Xenophobia" would take place in London on February 27-28. It was an initiative from the International Media Working Group established recently by the IFJ and some of its unions jointly with the employers, the EBU, the EU and the Council of Europe. The conference would examine the future role of media in the post cold war era which witnessed the
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-12crisis of community confidence in a multicultural environment. Journalism should help noitibbs.nl create a multicultural atmosphere in order to anticipate ethical problems and conflicts. printinoM Any media organisations that would invest from its budget in promoting good- will and good standards on equality among its staff should be applauded.
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It was noted that the Council of Europe and the European Union had invited the IFJ to sponsor the presentation of a journalism price for media contribution against racism, nationalism and xenophobia.
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The IFJ affiliates in Belgium and the Netherlands would organise jointly a conference in Amsterdam next June on racism in Western Europe. The Nordic Council had invited the IFJ Finnish Union to organise a similar event later on this year.
Finally, it was pointed out that the IFJ would look at elaborating a international strategy which pooled all nationalism and racism threats together.
Regarding the situation of Algeria, it was made clear that priority should be given to the IFJ union in Algeria. The IFJ solidarity fund could no longer be used to assist the Algerian journalists in exile. Alternatives had to be sought.
8.2. Human Rights Programme
8.2.1. Journalists' Safety Service( JSS)
The Executive Committee noted the IFJ letter to the NVJ( Nov. 15, 1994) defining the IFJ commitment to the Amsterdam Safety Institute( JSS). A proportion of the budget 94 had been allocated to continue the work on safety. An IFJ salary commitment of 25,000 US$ had been agreed. Jeroen Lasure would contribute on a part- time basis to provide support to safety issue and to be the IFJ link with Amsterdam. it was made clear that the Foundation was an IFJ activity carried out in Amsterdam with the NVJ co- ordination.
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8.2.2. Safety Fund Report
The Executive Committee noted and endorsed the 1994 Activities Report of the IFJ Safety Fund. Prior to Congress the IFJ Secretariat would relaunch the appeals for funds to IFJ unions. The Santander Congress would be a good opportunity to express new solidarity. The IFJ Australian union had announced a transfer of 25,000 US dollars to the fund.
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8.2.3. IFEX inquiry
Ifex had invited the IFJ to support a submission project for Unesco. It was recalled that IFJ had withdrawn from Ifex Council. Since then Ifex had not been given any priority in IFJ activity. In such circumstances, the Executive Committee agreed that such an application to Unesco should be made by an Ifex Council member but the IFJ was prepared to join Ifex in supporting it.
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IFJ had prepa
The situation had rapidly worsened in Turkey in recent times. The IFJ with its unions in Sweden, Netherlands and UK was investigating the possibility to conduct a short mission in Turkey to follow up the mission carried out in 1994.
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9.IFJ CONGRESS
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9.1. Financial Arrangements
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It was agreed with Fape that the IFJ contribution to the Santander Congress( 40,000 US$) would be set against their IFJ fees. Assistance for unions unable to attend Congress was needed. Letters had been sent to unions in line with the principles agreed for assistance to Executive Committee meetings. A Media for Democracy Conference- reviewing the various MFD projects-- would take place in conjunction with the Congress. Fape would look at finding 30,000 US$ of financial assistance to help pay participation to the conference. In addition a part of the" MFD in Africa" budget was unspent and the participation of some African delegates( 5-6) could be secured through the MFD evaluation project. Finally, the General Secretary reported on his contacts in Sydney with the Asian Director of the Freedom Forum. The American Foundation was independent and derived its resources from the media. It se had been established by the Gannett company, a major newspaper publishing group in the US. The Forum had been asked to help the participation of six Asian journalists' unions to IFJ Congress.
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During the discussion, it was made clear that all unions could not help to increase the assistance fund. It had been suggested that European unions should pay a supplement in order to help others to attend the Congress. However, the idea was not accepted. A more direct personal approach to individual unions was favoured.
com
ted
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missies
The Media for Democracy Review Conference had been planned initially on May 5. It was agreed to look at holding the practical evaluation meeting on April 30 in advance of the Congress to guarantee a larger participation. The Executive Committee would meet that day in the afternoon. The Congress opening day( May 1) would be dedicated to the review of IFJ activities. It would be an open forum in which key reports( General Secretary report, financial report etc.) would be presented. May 2 would be dedicated to" Media in the Service of Society". A section providing a trade union agenda would be inserted in the IFJ paper produced for the G7 meeting. In addition some experiences from N. America would make it more global. The IFJ would invite Professor Laramé( Montreal University) to give a good vision on the subject to Congress. A submission by Paul Chadwick( Australia) would be used as a background document to open up the discussion on ethics in journalism. The IFJ General Secretary would prepare a specific resolution on trade union issues. May 3 would be dedicated to" Journalism In the Battlefield" and would celebrate the International Day of Freedom of Expression. On the same day it was also planned to consider regional activities assessing the activities done and preparing future actions.
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- 14The ethic in journalism and the transparency of sources would be debated.
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Publicising the logo" Journalism in the battlefield" was essential to highlight the workoutsutie erT conditions of the profession and to honour the memory of those who had perished on assignment. Some special activities external to Congress work should be sought. The possibility to deliver a public message before a sculpture dedicated to press freedom in a Santander park was proposed.
IFJ perspectives would be considered on May 4 through the report of the financial commission and the report of the Presidium regarding resolutions. Elections would take place in the afternoon.
Some proposals regarding the theme for Congress were made. Finally, the themes agreed were" Journalists at the Cutting Edge"( English) and" Les journalistes sur tous les fronts"( French) and" Los periodistas en todos los frentes"( Spanish). Regarding the guests to Congress, some thoughts were still needed. Salman Rushdie and General Secretary of Amnesty International could be invited.
Juan Antonio Prieto confirmed that a closing dinner would take place on May 4.
9.2. Proposals:
quong gain
a) Rules change
Amendments to IFJ constitution had been received from Peru, Australia, Turkey( PJA) and Spain( AP- UGT). Except Peru, the other proposals of amendments did not qualify because they had missed the deadline. Zvi Goren suggested leaving the discussion concerning these invalid amendments to the Congress. The President suggested that the Executive Committee should have an opinion on the amendments in order to facilitate the work of Congress by taking an attitude and by assisting member unions in being able to present material to Congress for discussion. The decisions regarding these amendments are attached to the report( Appendix 2). Amendments on finances having an effect in IFJ constitution were agreed( Appendix 3).
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b) Policy Proposals
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The debate on the proposal of IFJ perspectives focused on the question of Public Broadcasting and Information Society. In the field of public broadcasting it was essential to make a distinction between the service as financed by the public and the industry as a public service industry. Public service was a professional responsibility for all journalists whether they worked in a state- funded operation or in the private sector. Therefore any media dealing with public information services had a public en service duty responsibility which should be defined by certain criteria( ethics etc.). In Great Britain there were certain standards which were imposed by law and regulation on the private sector television.
such an app
erit
26
LOW
The issue of the Information Society would be a priority in the years to come. At the time of the Executive Committee meeting a major conference was organised in
поо

- 15ar Brussels by the G7 industrialised countries to debate on the Information Society. The IFJ had prepared an alternative strategies agenda--" Information Society: Access and Pluralism" in approach to the Information Revolution. A copy was circulated to Executive Committee members. The IFJ would launch its report at the European Parliament.
18
The emergence of new cross- ownership between telecommunications companies and cable companies would bring significant changes for journalists and the public service was threatened to become non- existent. Legislation protecting employment and authors' rights had to be guaranteed. In order to justify the investment in infrastructure, carrier companies wanted to have their hands on the services provided which will produce enormous profits. Securing the right of access for citizen( public service) was the general principle defined in the IFJ alternative agenda. Media plurality should be respected. Legislation to regulate conditional access system and sets of standards providing fair and non discriminatory access for all broadcast distribution system was essential. Strict control on ownership of the highway would prevent these owners from giving a preferential treatment to the information sent through the highway. Finally the General Secretary pointed out that the notion of Information Society was exclusive to developed northern societies. Such technological changes unless redirected would result in a further marginalisation of poorer countries.
A draft resolution on IFJ perspectives and trade unions affairs was agreed( Appendix 4) with some amendments.
c) Organisation Questions
It was recalled that the Buenos Aires Executive Committee meeting had reshaped the structure of the Congress sessions in order to have the former commissions system converted in plenary specific sessions and regional meetings. The financial commission would remain. A proposal looking at limiting the participation to such a Commission( 20 delegates as a minimum) was not agreed.
It was pointed out that the regional meetings within Congress would be the available constitutional space where it would be appropriate to have commissions. In addition, taking account of the size of the Santander Congress, the proposal to have a presidium made of seven delegates-- including a co- ordinator-- would be made at Congress. The election of scrutineers would be proceeded at the beginning of Congress.
Some Executive Committee members felt that the working rules should be revised to fit with the changes agreed in Buenos Aires. A draft Committee( B. Salah, Z. Goren, Oon Ee Seng and D. Böhn) agreed to prepare some amendments. The text of the working rules as agreed by the Executive Committee is attached to the report ( Appendix 5).
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A guide to Congress would be prepared for delegates and would clearly outline all the ex3 enT points covered above.

- 16-
10. REGIONAL REPORTS
10.1.1. EUROPE
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The Steering Committee was an effective working body of the EFJ( IFJ). The problem of media concentration, the Freedom of Information Campaign and the Information Society had been priority activities. Nordic countries had been recently admitted in the European Union. It was hoped that their tradition of free access to any sources would influence positively other European policies. In addition, the EFJ would held a seminare on editorial freedom in Milan. A number of meetings were in process with the EU, EP and the Council of Europe in order to bring IFJ positions in the policies agreed. There was a threat of governmental legislation on codes of ethics. The IFJ should oppose such a development very strongly. Finally it was said that an Information network was being set up. The regional co- ordinator was expecting all information from IFJ unions to that effect.
The EFJ( IFJ) was experiencing financial problems. As a result, it was advised to nominate a European co- ordinator in the delegation to Santander Congress in order to save money. In future, the organisation of European meetings in parallel with another major event would be looked at.
The Executive Committee noted the" Media For Democracy projects"( appendix 6).
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Ame
a) Regional Report
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The Executive Committee noted the internal situation of its affiliate in Tunisia. The sw situation had improved and a strategic alliance had been concluded between the democrat majority( 5) of the Board and the four- person minority( pro- governmental) in terms of activity. In addition, the Tunisian Government had responded positively to the IFJ letter asking for a free access to information. An information office had been opened in the press enterprises and the decision was made that a press conference on the part of ministers would be organised on a monthly basis. Opening up the access to sources would help to confront the Muslim fundamentalist danger in Tunisia.
ng
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The General Secretary reported on a fax which had been sent to the IFJ by a group of Tunisian journalists belonging to the extreme left party. They did not belong to the AJT. A bomb explosion carried out by Algerian extremists had killed several people segno in Tunisia. A complete news blackout on the part of Tunisia was denounced. Furthermore, several allegations regarding the AJT attitude had been expressed. It emo seemed that severe internal problems still remained within the AJT and the Executive Committee instructed the IFJ General Secretary to investigate the situation further with Tunisia and to prepare a report before Congress.
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b) Media For Democracy Programme 1995
The Executive Committee noted and endorsed the MFD programme for 1995 etnic

-17( appendix 7). The MFD programme was a part of IFJ activity. It dealt with media democracy, role of journalists and unions of journalists. A trade union development programme was implemented in four countries. A specific programme for Northern African countries had been agreed for the Media in the Mediterranean area. Unfortunately, the human rights budget- lines within the European union concerned the Sub- Sahara region. North Africa was treated in a different way. It was also deplored that in terms of practical activity the IFJ had not addressed any countries in Central Africa. A lack of resources combined to deplorable conditions on the spot made it difficult to organise activities. rights in Pa
The Executive Committee noted the fax from the Zimbabwe Union of Journalists looking at establishing a regional press Center in Harare. Picking location for press centres in a vast continent with enormous problems was not easy. The Harare proposal should not be seen in the MFD framework and other donor organisations should be approached to that effect. But consultation with other African unions was essential to agree on such a regional center location.
Finally, it was said that a resolution and a report on the situation in Algeria should be prepared for Congress.
10.1.3. ASIA& OCEANIA
The Executive Committee noted the Asia regional report 1994 and the General Secretary report on IFJ activity in Asia. The Sydney final declaration summarised all activities and gave a country profile in terms of press freedom. The regional adviser emphasised the situation in Indonesia. The security police were about to take action against the Aliansi Jurnalis Independen( AJI). The IFJ affiliate was considering the move of the publishing office to another place. A letter signed by the Sydney participants had been sent to the Minister of Information in Indonesia. Regarding Hong Kong, the General Secretary said that the FES would assume the funding ( 30,000 US$) of a regional conference in Hong Kong in November 1995. The General Secretary stressed on the fears expressed by the Hong Kong Journalists Association. In the shadow of 1997 China was taking a very hard line regarding the press in Hong Kong. An international focus on such worrying developments should be made next to the regional focus at the Hong Kong conference.
The newly- appointed IFJ regional office worker Richard Philips had started work on February 4, 1995. He would be in charge of the administrative work to monitor the situation. A proposal looking at funding a second position at the Asia regional office had been made. It was essential to strengthen for a few months the regional office work and to help the efficiency at high- level of operation of activities. Evidence of high- quality of work was the key to secure further funding of applications that the IFJ will have to make. Jacqueline Park from the Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance would be appointed as a temporarily regional co- ordinator. The regional support from Australia and Japan- would continue.
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Decision: The Executive Committee( EC) endorsed the Asia regional report and the report of IFJ activity in Asia.
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- 1810. REC
The EC endorsed the proposal to appoint a temporary regional co- xibneqqs) ordinator for the IFJ regional office.
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The EC instructed the General Secretary to discuss at next ECsontA meeting the possibility to have an EC meeting jointly with the Kong Hong Kong conference.
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10.1.4. LATIN AMERICA
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The Executive Committee noted the activity report from the Latin America regional office. After the Santiago Unesco Conference last year, two projects would be submitted to Unesco. The first one dealt with the working conditions for Women. The second project was a study on comparative legislation in the area of different communication media. Four seminars on Women at work had already been held in the region. Local activities were planned in 1995. An evaluation of the vocational training programme had been made recently by the Norwegian Union. The funding of the FIP programme" Journalists in dangerous situations" had ended but the regional office had concluded a number of agreements with human rights organisations.
10
The situation was worsening in Paraguay. Twenty workers of" Canal 13" had been laid off. The companies were making pressures to undermine the trade union movement through influencing the labour legislation to their advantage. Fears were expressed to see the conflict spreading throughout the entire region. The IFJ second Vice President had met the Paraguayan authorities asking them to guarantee the application of the laws, especially regarding the freedom of association and the freedom of assembly. A draft statement and a letter pointing out the evolution of the relations between the trade union organisations and the employers and highlighting the needs for change would be prepared. The Executive Committee agreed.
10.1.5. NORTH AMERICA
In North America Information Superhighway was the major challenge in the discussions with the trade unions, the employers and the state authorities. There was a conflict between telephone companies and cable distribution companies. The telephone companies were winning thanks to their telephone monopoly. The trade union organisations had asked the governmental agencies to put in place temporary measures in order to help the cable distribution companies to break in the competition for the building of the infrastructure. Co- operation with these companies was essential to organise the labour market in such a future environment. A report covering the major challenges in North America and Canada was circulated to the Executive Committee. An English and Spanish translation would be prepared for Congress. Convincing the union's ranks and files of the benefits they had to belong to a trade union was a priority. The drop in income and the worsening of working conditions of employees had resulted in pressures upon the trade union organisations. In addition, the problems of immigration and the dangers of the free trade would require from the FNC to look for co- operation with other trade union organisations around the world, especially with South America.
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- 19-
10.1.6. MIDDLE EAST
a) Media for Democracy Programme
A big set of projects for the Middle East had arisen from the Jerusalem Conference " Media and the Challenge of Change". Support had been received from the Norwegian Foreign Ministry in order to produce the elections handbook into Arabic. In addition support was received from the Danish and Norwegian Foreign Ministry for the appointment of someone to monitor violations of press freedom and journalists' rights in Palestine and the Middle East. Ruba Husari from the AJA would be the Unit's co- ordinator.
LO- TCO would support trade union development projects. It was essential to look at establishing an effective representative Association of journalists in Palestine.
Two specific projects were associated with these activities. The establishment of a training center in Birzeit University would involve the creation of a studio for training and some initial work for broadcasting training. The project was supported by the Birzeit University, the IFJ Finnish union and the Finnish International Development Agency. The funding of a Radio Project in the Gaza area had been sought with the Danish Foreign Ministry. It seemed that Palestinian advice had been made to have the radio in Ramallah to secure the independence of the press.
Unesco, Sida and Finnida were supporting a Media Monitoring Unit in the region. The Unit should be the counter- part to the PLO voice broadcast from the Arafat Government Building. Finally it was said that due to a political discrimination, the project for journalism training to be carried out in collaboration with the European Journalism Training Association had not be supported by the European Union( MedMedia Programme).
11. OTHER BUSINESS
The General Secretary reported on invitations received at the Secretariat. The International University of Peoples' Institutions for Peace would organise a course on " People's Diplomacy, Non violence and People's Media" between June 19 and July 8 in Rovereto( Northern Italy). The" Ordine dei Giornalisti"( Piedmont and Valle d'Aosta) would organise, in co- operation with the Subalpine Press Association, an event entitled" Profession: Reporter, The image of Journalism in Cinema". It would take place in Turin from March 22 to April 2, 1995.
The Danish Confederation of Trade Unions LO would organise a Summit on Social Development in Copenhagen in Copenhagen( March 1995). The IFJ President would summit a report on behalf of the IFJ to the conference.

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APPENDIX 1
2
OTHER PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION
Proposals to amend the and Spain( UGT). Or deadline for receipt proposals at its meeting
Peru:
a) Regarding
for
from Australia, Peru, Turkey ents from Peru were within the ecutive Committee considered the IFJ NEWSLETTER the following comments:
lengt of service
cutive
for:
The appendix will be available at Congress in Santander. Committee
putting for
b)
The Executive Committee
to update the
Constitution giving recognition to regional bo
IFJ
Australia:
The Executive does not support the
b) The Ex
The Executive notes that
Congress on the question
the last the IFJ Montreal
Executive Committee and
should be fully tested and
c) The Executive belie
advisers should
of Congress
electing reserve
ained.
Turkey: Progressive Journalists Association
The Executive Committee believes that the question requires further examination and therefore decided to Congress to establish a Constitutional Commissio questions regarding the IFJ. Constitution including the members.
Spain( UGT):
The Executive Committee believes that the in the IFJ structures requi
ther exam
member proposal of
of associate
arantee commission therefore decided to make

ΟΙ
of noizaimmo[ snoitutitano a daildsias o asign0APPENDIX 2 orit galbuloni moitusitano II di gnibusget anoitesup
OTHER PROPOSALS TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION
Proposals to amend the Constitution were received from Australia, Peru, Turkey and Spain( UGT). Of these, only the amendments from Peru were within the deadline for receipt of amendments. The Executive Committee considered the proposals at its meeting in February 1995 and makes the following comments:
Peru:
Con
a) Regarding the proposal to impose professional criteria and length of service for candidates for election to the senior offices of the IFJ, the Executive Committee believes that this is too restrictive and the responsibility for putting forward nominations should remain with member unions.
b)
The Executive Committee noted and welcomed the proposals to update the Constitution giving recognition to regional bodies of the IFJ
Australia:
wing
a) The Executive does not support the proposal to elect a treasurer. b) The Executive notes that an extensive debate took place at the last Congress on the question of quota for representation of women on the IFJ Executive Committee and believes that the policy agreed at Montreal should be fully tested and implemented.
c)
The Executive believes that the role of Congress in electing reserve advisers should be maintained.
Turkey: Progressive Journalists Association
ions
The Executive Committee believes that the question of associate member requires further examination and therefore decided to make a further proposal to Congress to establish a Constitutional Commission to examine a number of questions regarding the IFJ Constitution including the status of associate members.
Spain( UGT):
The Executive Committee believes that the question of a guarantee commission in the IFJ structures requires further examination and therefore decided to make
Presidiun
2

a further proposal to Congress to establish a Constitutional Commission to examine a number of questions regarding the IFJ Constitution including the status of associate members.
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1. IFJ PER
Propos
Congre
Amendments to the IFJ Constitution
APPENDIX 3
1. FINANCES:
from mem
" The IFJ and
The 22nd IFJ Congress meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4 1995, Challenge
to meet n
agrees to amend the IFJ Constitution to give effect to the following principles:
In Licular
activit
and
1. That 5 per cent of fees received should be set aside for the IFJ Assistance Fund. In a year when the Congress is held this shall be increased to 7.5 per cent. Congress further agrees that the Fund shall not be administered in deficit."
2. That Section IX, paragraph 37, shall be amended to delete the following: The Executive Committee shall determine a surcharge, not exceeding 2 percent per month, to be paid by unions without discrimination and from July 1 in any year for affiliation fees due in that year.
form
3.
That where a reduction in fees due is allowed under the Constitution Section IX, paragraph 36, unions should pay at least the equivalent of 10 per cent of fees income from national membership dues.
ed
4.
That a maximum level of fees due shall be established whereby Unions contributing fees under Category A shall pay no more than the amount due for 17,000 regular members.
2. CONGRESS PRESIDIUM
The 22nd IFJ Congress meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4 1995,
recent
the
agrees to amend the IFJ Constitution Section VII, paragraph 17 so that it shall read:" The Congress shall elect a Congress Presidium".
( This amendment will be put to Congress as the first item of business. With a larger Congress and a duty of the Presidium to receive and prepare proposals, the Executive proposes that the Congress elects a Presidium of seven members at Santander.)

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4. REGIONABsd bidoo of ensdom ostimmo svituos)
The 22nd IFJ
sdeildsies of immo vi
Proposals to Congress
APPENDIX 4
easigno
itutitano
2THOISI MAMUH
E
1. IFJ PERSPECTIVES
sations in La
America
Europe
au
The 22nd Congress of the IFJ, having considered the response from member unions to the detailed report on the affairs of the Federation," The IFJ and the Challenge of Change", agrees that the work of the Federation must be adapted to meet new priorities and challenges facing the world of journalism. agrees that regional
evelop
In particular, the Congress instructs the Executive Committee, to secure and maintain the secretariat of the Federation in order to give priority to the core activities of the Federation which are:
5. Y
*
The
To represent and support all IFJ affiliates in the defence of media freedom and trade union freedom;
bas ateilsmoj
To provide essential services to member unions in defence of journalists agree rights; and
*
atail
215
To represent the member unions of the IFJ at all international and regional bodies where policy, debate and conclusions are formed concerning the rights of trades unionists and professional journalists. ivities and
The Congress instructs the Executive Committee to recognise that these core activities of the IFJ should be delegated, where appropriate, to recognised regional organisations of the IFJ under the co- ordinating and supervisory direction of the IFJ secretariat.
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2. CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSION
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The 22nd Congress of the IFJ, having considered the expansion of the IFJ in recent years and its global reach, covering all cultures and communities across the world, recognises that some modernisation of IFJ statutory texts, including the Code of Principles on the Conduct of Journalism and those dealing with the status of members, may be needed.
ibaud

Congress, therefore, instructs the Executive Committee to establish a Constitutional Commission of Executive Committee members to consider these matters, and to report, with proposals, to the next Congress.
3.
HUMAN RIGHTS
The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4, 1995
noting that journalism around the world is becoming an ever- more dangerous profession
по ло
deploring the shocking increase in violence against our colleagues recorded by the IFJ in 1994
29gnells
condemning the failure of governments and international organisations to give priority to the defence of journalists in the struggle for human rights and freedom of expression
sibem
condemning also those media organisations which contributing to the perilous situation of journalists by unprofessional activity, excessive competition and a failure to provide resources for the training and protection of journalists and mediaworkers
believing that more must be done to provide practical assistance to journalists on dangerous assignments and to journalists living and working in areas of social conflict to gain
25
welcoming the decision of the Executive Committee to establish the Journalists Safety Service
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calls upon all member unions of the IFJ to support the activities of the IFJ snoigst programme in defence of journalists and, in particular, to support the IFJitib Safety Fund which, since its establishment in 1990 has provided a lifeline to hundreds of journalists in need.
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4. REGIONAL ACTIVITY
yhaluoinsq bosils to milened edi The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995,
members should:
welcoming the establishment of IFJ regional organisations in Latin America, Europe and Asia,
instructs the Executive Committee to give further priority to the establishment of regional structures which will increase the democratic participation of IFJ member unions in the life of the IFJ and
with the
ping ion
agrees that regional activity should be co- ordinated and developed through the IFJ's central secretariat and through its international policy- making structures.
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5. WORKING PROGRAMME
1010 10
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The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4 1995
2350
notes the progress that has been made to implement the Working Programme agreed by the Montreal Congress of 1992,
7ob stom
agrees that the broad policy objectives of the Working Programme should be maintained and,
dost
ensuring proportion
of
instructs the Executive Committee to maintain activities and policies in line with the Manifesto for a Democratic Media Culture and to give priority to the following:
ca
T
when Cr
5.1.
Public Broadcasting and the Information Society The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995
group
in
noting the dramatic technological changes taking place in the world of journalism particularly regarding the electronic media, relations bet
freelances
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recognising that the creation of an Information Society will have a profound impact on the lives of all peoples,
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believing that new technological developments must, as a priority, be used to the benefit of all, and particularly communities living in the developing world which are often isolated and unable to enjoy global information resources,
A
bass T
insisting that public service broadcasting is essential to freedom of expression and opinion, through professional public information services which express eq the rich variety of community and cultures in democratic society
rejecting the notion that only the private sector has a role to play in media development, either in the field of broadcasting or information technology,
believing that journalists alone cannot address the general issues of concern over the information society and that close co- operation with other media workers and representatives of trades unions in relevant sectors is needed
adopts the general outline of professional and trade union policy proposed in the background paper Information Society: Access and Pluralism and
instructs the Executive Committee of the IFJ to campaign vigorously for the defence of public service broadcasting and for the adoption of universal principles of right of access to information technology and for all such technology to be used to promote democracy, development and peaceful coexistance between communities."
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5.2. Freelance Journalists
ivitos
teni
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" The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995
noting that freelance journalism is the fastest growing sector in the world of If the worl journalism,
UTI recognising that journalists' unions are faced with new challenges posed by media employers defining journalism primarily as an economic activity in which the distinction between professional journalism and public relations or commercial activity is increasingly difficult to maintain,
10 по
believing that journalists' unions urgently have to react to these developments and they have to find new strategies to organise freelances and to represent their interests,
.1.2
SS T
91
5sqmi

agrees that the IFJ and its member unions must ensure that freelance issues
are addressed at national and at international level.
and
The Congress further agrees that the IFJ and its members should:
prome
bnSS T
109
campaign to ensure that freelances have the same access to public rus information as media organisations and staff journalists.
*
support specific training courses for freelances on organisation of work; unic
Istigib
set up a small working group to focus on developing union policy to deal with the possibilities and threats posed by new markets and new technology focusing on the ethical implications for journalistic work;
Additionally, the IFJ calls on its members unions to take action at a national level to recognise the difficulties facing freelance journalists, particularly by The 22nd IFJ Congress, m
*
*
*
developing specific services for freelances, for instance, insurance schemes, freelance directories and handbooks, training courses, advice services, special newsletters;
adopting procedures for admission of freelances with the aim of organising all freelances who give a majority of their time or earn a majority of their income from journalism;
ensuring proportionate representation of freelances in the unions' governing bodies;
and civil cont
organising union activity aimed at safeguarding and promoting solidarity between freelances and staff journalists also when creating freelance sections within the union;
ace in the modern worl
Finally, the Congress agrees that the IFJ should establish a freelance specialist group in order to facilitate exchange of information between national unions on practical initiatives for freelances and to up- date the IFJ freelance handbook including a chapter focusing on authors' rights and a chapter focusing on relations between freelances and staff journalists."
agree unions
2
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Friedrich- E
Bonn
Bibliothek
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5.3. Authors' Rights
" The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995 em ali bas t
bbs 916
considering that in reaction to new technology developments regulations on authors' rights are under discussion at national as well as international level, noitsmolni
recognising that safeguarding authors' rights is ever- more difficult in a media market characterised by concentration of ownership, an increasing number of digital archives and databases, multimedia products, development of information superhighways and publication of articles abroad,
believing that IFJ unions should address the issue of authors' rights as a matter of priority, aiming to secure a high level of protection in copyright legislation based on the principles of" droit d'auteur,"
agrees that IFJ unions must
152
T
oltibbA of level
gniqolavǝb
develop model contracts protecting authors' rights including digital media; roadcastin
* seek legal pathways to challenge coercive contracts;
*
in co- operation with the IFJ Authors' Rights specialist group, closely monitor and react to draft copyright legislation at international level including their effects on freelance journalists;
join collecting societies or play a role in establishing collecting societies where they do not yet exist;
oinu gniainagio
ensure proper representation of journalists' in the governing bodies of collecting societies and further
recommends that the IFJ should:
.\ llsni
osed by 01.19510 jobro ni quora
* fight the introduction of the" employers' rule" into international and soitosq coregional copyright legislation,
gnibuloni Iss) nsswind anoitsle
* focus monitoring and lobbying activity on initiatives of the European Commission on legal protection of databases, reprography,
interests,
present

*
campaign for an international law on inalienable moral rights, using, as a
po first step, the regional possibilities of action within the Council of Europe an and with the European Union,
unrealistic
*
promote co- operation between European and non- European member unions, de particularly in the US, Japan and Australia in preparing positions on go international copyright legislation, and
secure thelbine
promote the establishment of an" early warning network" between national unions to exchange information on breach of authors' rights when media ag employers publish works abroad without giving proper compensation to the freelance.
pro
bas
5.4 Racism, Xenophobia and Nationalism
bms 25
The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995
Th noting with alarm the manipulation of media and the use of information in the prosecution of civil conflict and regional disputes,
deploring the activities of undemocratic forces in society who intimidate and assassinate journalists in the prosecution of their political objectives as in Algeria,
media
condemning the widespread infiltration of media and the victimisation of professional independent journalists by authorities intent on promoting war and civil conflict as in the territories and republics of ex- Yugoslavia,
believing that the growth of racism, xenophobia and extreme forms of In nationalism present the greatest challenge to independent journalism and to harpeace in the modern world,
of
reaffirming that a free flow of information is the lifeblood of communities Co whether they be based upon geography, ethnic origins, shared values, religion preor common language,
welcoming the decision of the IFJ Executive Committee to establish an ed International Media Working Group Against Racism and Xenophobia, and agreeing that this should be supervised by a specialist group of IFJ member unions,
2.2
T

instructs the Executive Committee to give further priority to this activity inme the coming period and to widen the scope of the work to embrace all regions le of the world, and
agrees that the campaign should be practical and involve a concrete moq programme of action including:
bas
the production of manuals and materials for journalists, with a particular emphasises on regional conflict;
sineq
inu
*
establishing an international research centre to provide information on ms the role of media in the growth of community conflict;
911
be
*
supporting conferences and workshops to examine employment and leg training policies as they affect mediaworkers and journalists from.a minority communities;
*
*
*
*
SM to
setting up an international network of media professionals and deve organisations active in the field and representing minority communities; 1 bus toitnoo livio
carrying out a study to examine the impact of journalistic codes of practise;
SS.edT
olqab
226
promoting awareness on the role of media in dealing with racism and hsglA xenophobia; and
bms sib
organising new initiatives to increase professional and general awareness of activity on the issue.bns
o give
livio bas
adbolds gaivalled
5.5 Media For Democracy
of sgnalledo testsong di in92914 mailenoiten bhow mobom dini q
The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995
booldstil sdt ai
to w woll soils isdi gnia
agreeing that the free press plays a pivotal role in the democratic process,
reg
yright legislation.
egsugns! nomm 10
noting that communities seeking to embrace democratic values currently struggle to create free and open societies in the face of enormous economic, political and social difficulties,
Isnoil admom to quong tailsisqa syd beaivisqua ed bluoda aid sdi gnissige anoinu

believing that the economic and social privations in many countries make the possibility of a complete transformation of media to a proper mix of private and public enterprise on a scale enjoyed in industrialised societies is an unrealistic short term objective,
deploring the fact that social instability and political self interest make some governments reluctant to introduce fundamental legal reforms which will secure the independence of the media and enhance professionalism among journalists, unoqqo noting
cape
910
agrees that there is a need for urgent programmes of assistance to improve the professional standing of journalists and to support independent media in many parts of the world and
em
further agrees that the IFJ must give priority to programmes and activities which will strengthen professional organisations of journalists and help to create independent trade unions for all journalists
developm
The IFJ Congress, therefore,
IFJ memb
p3 6.2
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welcomes the establishment and development of the IFJ Media For Democracy programme in line with the conclusions of the Montreal Congress as a project for journalists and media professionals to enhance standards of journalism, to defend human rights and to describe the basis for a democratic of( b)
media culture and
asup
calls for further activities within these programmes to help establish oT( 9) independent trade unions which can defend the professional and social rights of all journalists.
2100
[ do
m
In particular, Congress notes the successful development of training manuals and handbooks for journalists in Africa and urges similar activities in other regions of the world.
agre
Congress instructs the Executive Committee to support the development of this programme in all parts of the world in close collaboration with IFJ member unions and regional organisations and to examine ways in which the programme can be sustained with support from journalists, media organisations, journalism educators and human rights groups.

5.6 Equal Opportunities
niveiled ilidizzoq
The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain from May 1-4, 1995 ilduq bns
issinu
noting the problems experienced in setting up a working party to prepare and oversee Federation activities in the field of equal opportunities for women holqsb journalists,
movog
STUD98
believing that more must be done to establish an Equal Opportunities mo Programme for the IFJ,
reaffirms the IFJ's commitment to such a programme with the following aloq objectives:
alisq
a) to recognize the need to apply Equal Opportunities principles both in access to the profession and within the profession,
b) to collect and distribute information on equal opportunities regulations in national agreements,
HT
c) to collect and distribute information on equality campaigns and continuous work in this field by national member unions,
d) to formulate goals and design strategies for Federation work with equality questions,
e) To urge member unions to ensure that women members are represented in union committees in proportion to their numbers, and, therefore, sbr
qobni
etailsmuoi ils to
instructs the Executive Committee to campaign vigorously for these objectives and to ensure that these issues are to be discussed in the insq al mainstream of IFJ activity and in all regional work. axoodbrad
The 22nd IF
Congress further
May 1-4, 1995 blow sill to
notes the contribution of the IFJ in the preparation of background material migong covering the rights of women in media for the United Nations conference on sanoinu women to be held in Beijing in 1995,
165
bus
ofsoubs
and instructs the Executive Committee to ensure that the IFJ is represented at the Conference.

6. TRADE UNION AFFAIRS
1041
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The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4 1994
reaffirming that the struggle for professional independence in media and for democracy in all areas of society depends upon the right of journalists and mediaworkers to defend their social rights through strong, independent and representative trade unions,
noting that sweeping changes in the media landscape mean that better protection for workers' rights is an absolute priority in the years ahead,
Cc
metal
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noinu
Jeni
zsitivites ni sq
believing that journalists' organisations in all continents must give greater msinl emphasis to trade union issues sainagio
bas
agrees that trade union development work must be given high priority in the years up until the next Congress and instructs the Executive Committee to 2) develop programmes of activity which will:
ani
a) csupport and assist associations of journalists and other IFJ members which do not have a fully developed trade union character to organise and represent journalists in all aspects of trades unionism, including collective bargaining;
4)
b)
provide support for all IFJ unions to take up specific trade union questions and issues of major concern including authors' rights, training, social dialogue, freelance matters, and equal opportunities;
c) th encourage support and solidarity between IFJ unions when members are involved in industrial conflict.
Congress further
its
II
agrees that the IFJ trade union programme should be supported by the continued production of manuals and training material which will be of material use to member unions,
notes the co- operation between media unions in recent years and endorses the actions taken by the IFJ Executive Committee to strengthen links with broadcasters and other groups who have close working relations with journalists, and
after th
shall
ru
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instructs the Executive Committee to continue to develop structures for cooperation with other media federations through the strengthening of the The International Committee of Entertainment and Media Unions and the bass NT International Media Alliance established with ISETU- FISTAV.
Finally, the Congress
nagab
pomsb
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noting the importance of IFJ co- operation with the wider international trade union movement
gniton
instructs the Executive Committee to ensure that the IFJ plays a full working part in activities of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, the International Trade Secretariats, and regional organisations of these organisations, and
250
instructs the Executive Committee to intervene with the International Labour Organisation to demand that the affairs of journalists are fully integrated into the working programmes of the ILO and that an appropriate media Tripartite Committee is established in the framework of the changes now taking place at the ILO which will include full representation for the IFJ on behalf of journalists around the world."
edqms
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7.
RELATIONS WITH OTHER MEDIAWORKERS questioninu
exist of anoinu 191
llos
Hoqqua
The 22nd IFJ Congress, meeting in Santander, Spain, from May 1-4, 1995
welcoming the establishment of the International Committee of Entertainment and Media Unions as an initial process of co- ordination among organisations representing journalists, performers, broadcasters and printing staff
ectives and
welcoming also the strengthening of ties between the IFJ and ISETU- FISTAV
d bl
believing that more co- operation between media workers is essential to confront the technological, economic and social challenges of the ahead
notes the contributio
years
agrees to consolidate the process of co- operation and instructs the Executive Committee to examine the possibility of creating a media alliance between the IFJ and relevant organisations of media workers in order to share activities and resources in pursuit of common objectives. at the Conference.
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INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF JOURNALISTS 10 bedes ved ved ebo IPC, Bvd. Charlemagne 1- Bte 5 B- 1041 BRUSSELS- BELGIUM
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to the
WORKING RULES FOR IFJ CONGRESSES
Gangas proposed by the Executive Committee to IFJ Congress in Santander, May 1-4, 1995 Accor
Con
Ame
I
APPENDIX 5
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speleb ol Iis Ildnu этом веде
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orded
PR
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sec
I. Composition of Congress
1) Congress is composed of
ents and to ensure that
-O
delegates accredited by Full member unions;
-
-
- delegates accredited by associate member unions; members of the IFJ Executive Committee.
2)
子
9 A
( a
shall
Qoqu
Only delegates from delegations of Full member unions, and Executive Committee members who are part of their national delegations shall have a right to vote( according to Constitution Sec. VII, 15).
11
be
ad of beisb
3)
Other delegates and other members Committee have a right to speak.
of the
Executive
( T
4)
An applicant union may attend the Executive Committee or Congress to answer questions and make a and make a statement, shall not be present for the discussion and decision.
but
( 8
II. The Congress Presidium
The Congress Presidium has the responsibility to conduct the proceedings of the Congress and to and to safeguard the working rules.
Immediately after its opening, the Congress elects its Congress Presidium by simple majority. The nominees will be proposed by the Executive Committee. The Congress delegates will be allowed to propose candidates.
.IV
IIV
Unless Congress otherwise decides, Congress shall be dealt with by the Presidium before they are put before the plenary.
all proposals
to og
A
( 8
ed Ilade
III. Working Rules
ol
at xeb
sre mut
1) The Executive Committee propose the working rules to the 10 10 anioq no slux Congress.
2)
στο 1ο JaΙΟΥ Β ΠΟ
Congress decides upon the working rules by simple majority immediately after the Congress Presidium has been elected. The working rules shall take effect immediately after the
( E

3)
4)
5)
order they have asked for it. The Presidium rules the time- IT in limit of the interventions.
to
derations
ДИЯЯТИІ
bv8 I 2001-8
The Presidium has the right at any time to give the floor members of the Executive Committee, to Commission rapporteurs or to members of the Secretariat for short, factual interventions in order to facilitate the debate.
No delegate shall speak on a question for the second time until all who wish to speak have done so. No one shall speak more than twice on the same question except the mover of an original proposal.
union mov
Anyone who considers to have been personally wronged by an intervention shall have the right to make a brief personal statement immediately.
in act
6) A proposal to proceed with the agenda can be made at any( I time of Congress. It has precedence on all other matters.
Upon a proposal to proceed with the agenda, current debates are interrupted. A vote on this proposal must be taken immediately after a delegate has been invited to speak against it.
the work
If the proposal is carried, the question under debate is considered to be closed. However the Presidium shall put motions from the closed debate to a vote.
Iab
em
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7)
The same procedure as
1edmen
in point 6 applies to proposals asking for the closure of the debate.
zeddo
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8)
The
sam
same procedure as in point 6 applies to proposals asking for the closure of the speakers list.
A
( A
de
VI.
Matters of Urgency
edT.II
wel If Congress decides that a proposal is a matter of urgency, edT the proposal can be dealt with by Congress immediately in the plenary. fing journ
eds
IOW
o aji
mm1
1)
q
VII. Points of order
Any delegate entitled to vote may raise a point of order. This shall not refer to the content of the debate but only if to the procedure. The Presidium shall decide whether the point of order stated fulfils the conditions of this Rule. confront
2)
ag
A point of order shall always take precedence and debate shall be suspended until a question of point of order is settled. No other points of order will be accepted until Corfirst point of order is settled.
IFJ and wheven Mications
3)
and
The Presidium shall rule on points of order. It the Chairperson's ruling on a point of order is challenged the ruling shall be immediately put to a vote of Congress.
bejosle need asd muibias
26 Y
916
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od 1931s yiejsibemmi Josite sis IIsde asfux prixow edT set
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IFJ- Exc
proposal.
9) selThe The amendments which would lead to the most differing result compared to the original proposal shall be put to the vote first. The Presidium shall fix an order order of priority for the amendments. The decision of the Presidium on priority cannot be discussed, but may be over- ruled by Congress by counter- proposal. counter- proposal. A counter- proposal After so cannot be discussed.
10)
11)
the
also
According to Constitution Sec. X, 39 amending the Constitution requires two- thirds of the votes recorded. Amendments to the Constitution may include a number of sections and articles related to existing text. The Presidium shall determine a voting procedure to clarify the intention of the proposed amendments, and to ensure that each proposed alteration is put to a separate vote. Each proposed alteration shall require a two- thirds vote. Before a vote is taken on any proposal, the Chairperson shall ensure that the complete wording is made known to Congress.
When a decision has been made on a specific issue, the debate on that item is closed.
Activities
The Council
seminars on information
In co- operatio areas:
Ru
( dates of se
etariat).
journalists in
urther expressed interest in supporting two additional journalism in Russia and a regional seminar on access to
EBU, FIEJ and, EJTA, the FI will also organise activities in two
2)
Public Service Broadcasting: The Law and Funding, two sub- regional meetings ( in Budapest
independen
Covering Elect the elect
in Bucharest) to
of broadcasting
the legal framework determining the discuss strategies to safeguard the
public service broadcasting
An election education programme, to place prior to Poland and in Romania including national seminars and media
monitoring during the elections.
Further, applications are pending for Media for Democracy projects in Albania and Mongolia

order they have asked for it. The Presidium rules limit of the interventions.
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of as
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Anyo
at
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6)
A tim
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7)
con
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motions from the closed debat
The same procedure as in asking for the closure of ure of the d
( q yas no
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.besolo al medi
no so
the
er the Pr
shall
to a vote
point 6
to pro
8)
The same prod
ire as in
king for the
ure of the s
kers
propos
VI. Matters of Urgency
If Congress decides tha a proposal is a m
the pro
proposal can be dealt with by Congress the plenary.
VII. Points of order
mediately
1) Any delegate entitled to vote may raise a point of order. This shall not refer to the content of the debate but only to the procedure. The Presidium shall decide whether the point of order stated fulfils the conditions of this Rule.
2)
A. point of order shall always take precedence and debate shall be suspended until a question of point of order is settled. No other points of order will be accepted until first point of order is settled.
The Presidium shall rule on points of order. It the Chairperson's ruling on a point of order is challenged the ruling shall be immediately put to a vote of Congress.

IFJ- Executive Committee
Brussels, February 23-25, 1995
APPENDIX 7
APPENDIX 6
b) Media for De
for Democra
1995
the
is
Experience in 94 has ested) Media for Democracy Projects
create ind
reinforce or ce or to cre After some delay the IFJ signed contracts for the Media for Democracy projects at the beginning of January. The projects sponsored by the European Commission involve: help to raise awareness
hey do
on a trade union development programme in Russia, Lithuania and the African countr Czech Republic( dates of seminars available at the IFJ- secretariat);
*
In line with tha comparative study on media law in Russia and the Baltic states; a regional round- table to focus on the role of independent journalism and reinforc media in democratic society;
4)
promore seminars on investigative journalism in Russia and Lithuania; * nfore seminars on journalists' professional rights and the legal framework in and nan Russia and Lithuania;
integrat a programme" Journalism in the Spot" to train editors and journalists in reinfore editorial departments in Russia and in Lithuania;
exten
Activities will start in February( dates of seminars at IFJ- secretariat).
ojects
The Council of Europe has further expressed interest in supporting two additional seminars on investigative journalism in Russia and a regional seminar on access to information.
journalism
Jour
In co- operation with EBU, FIEJ and EJTA, the IFJ will also organise activities in two
areas:
Activities pla
1)
2)
Public Service Broadcasting: The Law and Funding, two sub- regional meetings ( in Budapest and in Bucharest) to discuss the legal framework determining the structure and role of broadcasting and to discuss strategies to safeguard the independence, of public service broadcasting.
Coast, Car
Ghana
S. Covering Elections-- An election education programme, to take place prior to the elections in Poland and in Romania including national seminars and media monitoring during the elections.
Newspaper management( FIE)
Further, applications are pending for Media for Democracy projects in Albania and
Mongolia. Southern
Development Committee( including
by the So
-ordinator, MISA
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IFJ- Executive Committee Brussels, February 23-25, 1995
b) Media for Democracy Programme 1995
APPENDIX 7
Experience in 94 has established that the best way to enhance freedom of the press is to reinforce or to create independent and democratic organisations of journalists, publishers and to form coalitions with groups active in defense of press freedom. Missions of enquiry by European media organisations make an important statement and help to raise awareness but they do not result in lasting structural changes of the situation on the ground. The challenge is to reinforce structurally the profession in African countries to enable them to defend their professional and human rights.
In line with the priorities identified the Project aims to:
reinforce regional cooperation between these national associations of journalists and national associations of publishers;
1)
2)
reinforce national media institutions through structural assistance; promote and strengthen independent professional organisations;
3)
4)
5)
6)
integrate Africa into international campaigns for freedom of expression; reinforce viability of independent newspapers;
extend training seminars on key elements of Media for Democracy: election coverage, ethnic conflict reporting, and human rights reporting( specific projects to be submitted in the course of 1995).
The programme will be organised in partnership with the International Federation of Newspaper Publishers and will involve IFJ- members in Africa, African schools of journalism and the European Journalism Training Association. The local co- ordinators in Nairobi, Dakar and Johannesburg will continue to work for the project in 1995.
Activities planned are:
923
Press centres-- locations: Dakar, Accra, Nairobi; Establishing a regional association in East Africa;
Strengthening journalists' organisations
11
countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, Ivory
1)
2)
3)
Coast, Cameroon;
4)
Statutes for Journalists
--
regional seminars in West Africa and East Africa
( IFJ);
39
5)
All- Africa meeting on Access to Information;
6)
Newspaper management( FIEJ).
Projects in Southern Africa will be organised by the Southern Africa Media Development Committee( including the IFJ- co- ordinator, MISA, SABA and the FES).
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100%
Sachverständigen- Zubehör.de
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
50%
18%
Centimetres
2
3
2
5
9
7
8
14
0%
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Blue
# C9C9FF # 0000FF
Color chart
Cyan
Sachverständigen- Zubehör.de
# 9D9E9E # D9DADA
Black
# 5B5B5B # 000000
Green
Yellow
Red Magenta White
Grey
# C0E5FC # 009FFF
# 759675 # 008B00
# FFFFC7 # FFFF00
# FFC9C9 # FF0000
# FFC9FF # FF00FF
#FFFFFF
Inches