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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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ChallengestoEUPoliciesonDevelopmentCooperationwithLatinAmerica 29 4.犜犺犲 犛狋狉犪狋犲犵犻犮犘犪狉狋狀犲狉狊犺犻狆 牶犘狅犾犻犮狔犇犻犪犾狅犵狌犲 犪狀犱犈犝犔犪狋犻狀 犃犿犲狉犻犮犪狀 犇犲狏犲犾狅狆犿犲狀狋犆狅狅狆犲狉犪狋犻狅狀 Fromitsinceptioninthe1980s theEULatinAmericanpoliticaldialoguehas evolvedinanumberofregionalandsubregionalsettings withtheministerialdialogue betweentheEUandtheRioGroupasthemostsignificant.In1999 Strategic Partnership waslaunched including biannualsummits of heads ofstate and government.ThisStrategicPartnershiphastoitsnamesuchnotableachievementsas theEUassociationandfreetradeagreementswithMexico 2000 andChile 2002 Sinceitwasestablished theStrategicPartnershiphashadtodealwithan unfavourableinternationalcontext and Latin Americaseemstohaveslipped downtheEUsforeignrelationsagenda.Thisisduetofactorssuchasthe demandsofEU enlargement andthedisplacementofEuropean priorities towardstheeastandtheBalkans.Anotherimportantfactoristheprimacythat securityandthewaronterrorhaveacquiredininternationalrelationssincethe 11 Septemberattacks pushing developmentissuesintothebackground. Moreover withregardtotrade theEUandsomeLatinAmericancountries gavepreferencetotradetalksintheWTOwhich withtheenlargementofthe EU meanttacklingthedifficultreform oftheCommon AgriculturalPolicy CAP .Thisreform whichtookplacein2002and2003 hinderedtheECs bargainingpositionbymaintaininga productivist agriculturalmodel.The difficultiesposedbytheagriculturalchapterandthe WTOoption meantthat negotiationswithMercosurhavebeengoingonformorethantenyearswithout success.Byprioritising MexicoandChile thecountriesthatoptedforfree tradewiththe UnitedStates the EU fostered albeitinvoluntarily the perceptionthatthoseagreementswerea reactive movefollowingonfrom US policy. Beyondpoliticaldialogue akeyelementbehindtheStrategicPartnershipis EUpolicytowardsLatinAmerica asdraftedbytheEuropeanCommissionand endorsedbytheCouncilandtheEuropeanParliament.Sincethefirstadoptionof astrategyonrelationswithLatinAmericain1994 CounciloftheEuropean Union:1994 ), theEU andinparticulartheEuropeanCommission hasset outitsregionalstrategyforLatin Americainaseriesofdocuments. The Communication 犃犛狋狉狅狀犵犲狉犘犪狉狋狀犲狉狊犺犻狆犫犲狋狑犲犲狀狋犺犲犈狌狉狅狆犲犪狀犝狀犻狅狀犪狀犱犔犪狋犻狀 犃犿犲狉犻犮犪 adoptedonDecember2005 wasendorsedbytheCouncilConclusions ofFebruary2006 andsetoutprioritiesadaptedtothenewpoliticalcycleandto changesinLatinAmerica.AccordingtothisCommunication theEUaimsto stepuppoliticaldialogue.Italsoproposestocompletethe network of