social-ecological transformation SINUS Study for the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Social-ecological transformation Country report Romania Heidelberg, September 2023 Teil der INTEGRAL-SINUS-OPINION Gruppe

social-ecological transformation 2 Task and objective Empirical survey to identify opposing and advocating groups of the social-ecological transformation • The world is undergoing far reaching changes. Due to the well-known developments(climate change, natural disasters, energy shortages, etc.), there is a growing general awareness of the need for a fundamental rethink in Politicians, businesses and society. Climate research and many environmental movements have long emphasised the urgent need for more climate protection. The tense security situation is increasing the systemic pressure with regard to the necessary resilience of supply technology(energy, etc.). • With the proclamation of the social-ecological transformation on the part of the Politicians, the pressure for change is moving closer to the people. Numerous studies show that the path to climate-neutral societies is associated with enormous technological, economic and social challenges: the accelerated expansion of renewable energy, increased efforts to change heating and transport systems, structural change in the businesses and its effects on the working and living environment- all of this will have an ever greater impact on citizens. • Against this background, the SINUS Institute conducted a large-scale population survey in Europe and North America on behalf of the Competence Centre Climate& Social Justice of the Friedich-Ebert-Stiftung: In a total of 19 countries, the survey investigated what perceptions, interests and fears people associate with the social-ecological transformation. The survey aimed not only to capture a panorama of climate policy attitudes. Rather, it was also intended to investigate which social milieus are receptive to climate policies. For this purpose, the target group model of the Sinus-Meta-Milieus was integrated into the survey design. • The study results are intended to stimulate public discussions and provide an in-depth analysis of the conditions under which the climateneutral transformation of national economies can succeed and be supported by broad public acceptance. Based on these analyses, it is important to develop country- and milieu-specific communication strategies that address the population's different interests and fears and appropriately address them through suitable forms of communication.

social-ecological transformation 3 Table of contents 01 02 03 Method and sample 04 Problem awareness  Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection  Relevance of environmental policy fields of action  Relevance of climate change as a topic  Attitudes towards climate change  Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Attitudes towards climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour  Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour 05 06 Changing way of living and doing business  Assessing the need for change  Attribution of responsibility  Attitudes towards policies  Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Interest in information and level of knowledge  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies Appendix: Communication  Topic interest in general  Consumer interests  Media use  Communication expectations

social-ecological transformation 1 Method and sample

social-ecological transformation Methodology and sample Method Standardised online survey (CAWI) Quota sample(gender, age, education and region) The interviews were conducted in the national language. Data collection Ø Interview duration: 26 minutes The data collection was carried out by Sociotrend GmbH. Target group Resident population aged from 18 to 69 years Sample size 1,200 people Survey period 30.05.- 02.07.2023 5 Survey contents • Awareness of environmental, nature and climate protection topics • climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour: Attitudes, barriers and motivators • Attitudes towards change in lifestyles and economies: Necessity of change, attribution of responsibility and political measures • Interest in information and level of knowledge: climate change, ecological contexts and political measures

social-ecological transformation 6 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • This report presents the survey results for Romania. The key findings are presented in graphs and diagrams. For better readability and comprehensibility, the percentages have been rounded to whole numbers. • The data set was examined for differences in the response behaviour of different population groups and presented in tabular form. The sociodemographic characteristics gender, age, education and net equivalent income were taken into account. • Gender: female, male (The answer category„non-binary" was taken into account in the survey, but not evaluated due to too small a number of cases). • Age groups: 18- to 29-year-olds, 30- to 39-year-olds, 40- to 49-year-olds, 50- to 59-year-olds, 60- to 69-year-olds • Educational groups: low: "Fără educație școlară sau formare profesională(încă)" or"Şcoală primară" or"Gimnaziu complet, 8 ani"; medium: "Liceu, 10-12 ani" or"Şcoala de Arte şi Meserii/ Şcoală Profesională" or"Şcoală postliceală, Şcoala de maiştri, Facultate subingineri sau colegii"; high: "Diplomă de subinginer" or"Diploma de Absolvire a Invatamantului Superior de Scurta Durata, Colegii" or "Studii superioare, Facultate, Academii, Universitati" • Net equivalent income*: low: less than 60% of median income; medium: 60 to 140% of median income; high: more than 140% of the median income * The net equivalent income is a net income weighted according to the number and age of persons living in the household. To calculate the net equivalent income, the net household income is divided by the number of persons weighted according to the OECD scale. This results in a means-weighted per capita net income. The calculated equivalised income was divided into three groups (below 60%, 60-140%, above 140% of the median income) using the median values available at Eurostat(2021).

social-ecological transformation 7 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • In addition to the differentiation according to socio-demographic characteristics, the data was analysed according to the milieu affiliation of the respondents. By evaluating the findings according to the Sinus-Meta-Milieus, the socio-demographic analysis is supplemented by lifestyle and value components. • The milieu perspective does not replace the study of socio-demographic characteristics but complements and refines them by taking into account basic values that determine lifestyle and life goals as well as everyday attitudes to family, work, leisure and consumption. • Established test procedures of empirical social research were used to examine the statistical significance of survey results. The differences in the response behaviour of the analysed population groups were checked by means of a chi-square test(e.g. age group of 18 to 29 years compared to the average). This is based on a confidence interval of 95% or 99%, which is usual for social science purposes. • The examined characteristics are interpreted as overrepresented or underrepresented in the sample if the probability of this is at least 95%. Characteristics are considered to be strongly overrepresented or strongly underrepresented if a probability of 99% is applied. • The result of the significance test always depends on the group size. The larger the group(e.g. group of people with high educational qualifications), the more likely it is that even weak over- and under-representations can be shown to be significant. For this reason, it can happen in individual cases that identical numerical values are presented as differently over- or under-represented.

social-ecological transformation 8 Demographic structure of the sample Gender Men Women 50 50 Age ø 44.1 years 18 to 29 years 18 30 to 39 years 20 40 to 49 years 23 50 to 59 years 20 60 to 69 years 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Marital status Single In partnership, living separately In partnership, living together Married/ registered partnership Living in separation/ divorced Widowed Persons in the household 1 person 2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons and more 18 5 12 55 6 4 10 30 26 24 6 4 Educational qualification Low Medium High Children in the household YES Yes, children aged 0-5 years Yes, children aged 6-13 Yes, children aged 14-17 Yes, children aged 18 and over (adult children) There are no children living in my household 20 64 16 12 23 13 16 55 45

social-ecological transformation 9 Demographic structure of the sample Occupation/ Position in the profession In education 4 In employment Manager or working in management Other employee 3 24 Labourer 29 Self-employed/entrepreneur 7 Unemployed/Jobseeker 5 Pensioner/retired 18 Home-maker(m/f) 9 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Net household income Below 2,500 RON 14 2,500 to less than 5,000 RON 64 5.000 to less than 7.500 RON 33 25 7,500 to less than 10,000 RON 11 10.000 to less than 12.500 RON 4 Above 12,500 RON 7 Not specified 6 Region North West Centru North-East Sud-Est Sud- Muntenia Size of residency(number of inhabitants) 23 28 26 14 5 4 Below 1.000 1.000 10.000 10.000- 100.000->1.000.000 100.000 1.000.000 I don't know București-Ilfov Sud-Vest Vest 12 13 18 10 11 16 9 10

social-ecological transformation 10 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus ® in Romania 18 to 69 year olds Social status Higher Middle Lower Basic Values Established 13% Intellectuals 7% Performers 10% Cosmopolitan Avantgarde 5% Traditionals 10% Conventional Mainstream 13% Adaptive Navigators 13% Progressive Realists 6% SensationOriented 12% Consumer-Materialists 11% © SINUS Traditional Sense of duty and order Modernisation Individualisation, Self-actualisation, Pleasure Re-organisation Multiple options, Experimentation, Paradoxes

social-ecological transformation 11 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus ® Short summary Established Status-driven conservative elite: High self-confidence, traditional responsibility and performance ethics, exclusivity and status claims, acceptance of social order Intellectuals Academic elite with post-material beliefs: High affinity for enjoyment, sensuality, art and culture, critical of globalisation, advocate for justice and public welfare, taking responsibility for oneself and others, affinity for education and high quality of life Performers Efficiency- and progress-oriented modern elite: Global economic and liberal thinking, affinity for higher consumption, modern design, adopting, interest in technology and digital, competitive and careeroriented, networker, open to change Ambitious and individualistic avant-garde: Cosmopolitan, urban, Cosmopolitan mobile and flexible, digital nomads, lifestyle vanguards, pronounced Avantgarde self-expression, postmodern lifestyle elite, anti-mainstream, desire to stand out, joie de vivre, ambitious and success-oriented Progressive Realists Drivers of social transformation: Sustainable lifestyle but without renunciation, driving the global social transformation, progressive, optimistic, ease of dealing with contradictions, party and protest, seriousness and entertainment Adaptive Navigators SensationOriented Conventional Mainstream Traditionals ConsumerMaterialists Modern mainstream: Flexible pragmatists, young modern middle class, high willingness to adapt and perform, modern lifestyle, digital affinity, reliable and loyal, open to new – but tested and verified- things Materialistic- and entertainment-focused lower middle-class: Hedonistic, with focus on today, conspicuous consumption, unconcerned, open to risks, anti-bourgeois yet materialistic lifestyle, rejection of political correctness and conventions, looking for fun, action, entertainment, stimulation Harmony-seeking older middle-class: Desire for secure circumstances, fear of losing achievements, search for community, cohesion, social life, neighbourly support, distrust towards elites, feeling of being left out in favour of other groups, down to earth Order-seeking older generation: Petty bourgeois world, traditional working-class culture, desire for social security, harmony, consistency, voluntarily disconnection from modern lifestyle and digital culture, desire for simple, safe, down to earth Lower class striving for validation: Precarious living conditions, undemanding adaptation to necessities, desire for consumption standard of the middle class, defiant cohesion within their community, fear of speed of change and being left behind

social-ecological transformation 2 Problem awareness

social-ecological transformation 13 Main findings Problem awareness Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection • Public health service and care is the most frequently mentioned of the five most important topics(59%). Education, schools and universities are the second most frequently mentioned(53%). Nature, environmental and climate protection ranked only eighth with 26% of mentions. Relevance of environmental policy fields of action • Among the top five challenges for the preservation of our livelihoods, respondents most frequently rank the state of forests(62%), air pollution and quality(56%) and water pollution and quality(54%). Increasing traffic and related noise are least frequently seen as a priority environmental policy field of action(16%). Relevance of climate change as a topic • A clear majority of the population considers climate change to be an important topic for Romania: On a scale from 0 "completely irrelevant" to 10"absolutely important", 74% of the respondents choose scale points 8 to 10, and another 11% scale points 6 to 7. In contrast, only 5% respondents chose scale points 0 to 2. The scale average is 8.1.

social-ecological transformation 14 Main findings Problem awareness Attitudes towards climate change • 93% of respondents agree that the destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 65%). At the same time, 78% say they are afraid of the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 41%), but 47% think that many things are very exaggerated when it comes to the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 21%). When asked if there are more important problems in Romania than climate change, 61% agree(highest level of agreement: 28%) and 39% disagree. Regarding the focus on adaptation to the consequences of climate change rather than mitigation of its consequences, 55% agree while 45% disagree, illutrating a clear polarisation over the dilemma. Consequences of climate change • The increase in extreme weather events scares the population the most: 62% of respondents mentioned it. Forest fires and forest dieback were named second most often(46%), and water shortages in everyday life third(42%). The impairment health and quality of life is mentioned as frequently as the increase in humanitarian crises(38% each). Significantly fewer respondents are afraid of increased immigration as a result of climate change(9%).

social-ecological transformation 15 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Romania to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Education, schools and universities Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Rule of law, fight against corruption Inflation, declining purchasing power Economic development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices More social justice Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Criminality, internal security Adequate and affordable living spaces Digitalisation Migration and integration of immigrants Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 16 16 15 12 5 38 37 36 34 30 26 26 25 59 53

social-ecological transformation 16 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Romania to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Education, schools and universities Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Rule of law, fight against corruption Inflation, declining purchasing power Economic development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices More social justice Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Criminality, internal security Adequate and affordable living spaces Digitalisation Migration and integration of immigrants Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 59 64 67 62 48 53 48 64 58 48 38 37 26 42 39 37 50 36 30 19 36 39 51 36 32 34 38 44 40 26 30 34 37 28 26 26 26 39 29 30 26 29 19 23 26 25 34 26 27 16 16 18 14 16 7 16 14 10 17 16 15 18 18 16 17 12 11 20 12 11 5 2 4 8 2 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 38 63 60 38 58 56 31 40 43 26 43 41 26 40 36 27 41 36 26 33 31 18 30 29 15 34 27 16 22 25 18 13 24 17 13 18 14 14 14 17 10 9 12 4 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 71 59 63 63 50 50 41 37 40 39 38 36 36 33 43 32 27 26 31 26 26 19 25 27 30 30 18 32 25 21 16 14 16 19 19 16 11 19 12 8 9 20 2 4 2 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 17 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Romania to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Education, schools and universities Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Rule of law, fight against corruption Inflation, declining purchasing power Economic development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices More social justice Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Criminality, internal security Adequate and affordable living spaces Digitalisation Migration and integration of immigrants Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 59 53 38 37 36 34 30 26 26 25 16 16 15 12 5 Gender Male Female 56 62 48 57 31 44 35 39 39 33 34 34 30 30 25 28 26 25 21 29 15 18 19 13 12 18 16 9 6 5 18-29 53 54 47 18 28 31 20 35 21 21 11 14 23 14 5 30-39 44 42 34 24 27 27 19 21 20 24 12 19 20 15 11 Age(years) 40-49 63 57 41 31 41 30 37 26 24 24 14 17 15 14 3 50-59 66 50 38 49 44 40 36 28 31 32 20 18 12 11 3 60-69 71 61 29 64 40 43 37 22 33 24 24 12 6 7 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 18 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Romania to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Education, schools and universities Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Rule of law, fight against corruption Inflation, declining purchasing power Economic development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices More social justice Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Criminality, internal security Adequate and affordable living spaces Digitalisation Migration and integration of immigrants Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 59 53 38 37 36 34 30 26 26 25 16 16 15 12 5 Education Low Medium High 36 64 70 38 55 62 30 41 34 20 42 38 19 40 44 17 38 39 12 33 40 25 25 31 20 27 26 21 27 23 12 16 22 19 16 12 19 15 10 14 12 12 12 3 4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 41 57 63 50 50 55 46 37 37 32 39 36 28 35 38 29 36 34 18 27 35 25 23 28 21 25 28 28 29 21 21 17 15 24 16 15 29 15 13 11 10 13 17 4 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 19 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Environmental policy fields of action Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Pollution of the water/water quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Industrial agriculture Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials State of the oceans Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 28 24 23 22 16 41 39 62 56 54 48

social-ecological transformation 20 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Pollution of the water/water quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Industrial agriculture Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials State of the oceans Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 62 70 71 58 46 56 70 56 58 54 54 65 47 56 51 48 51 68 58 45 41 44 54 42 30 39 37 48 42 29 28 32 23 37 24 24 26 20 23 32 23 19 32 22 12 22 20 24 19 23 16 21 13 21 13 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 43 69 61 73 60 61 40 59 61 44 63 56 44 58 56 52 53 57 33 49 49 49 43 49 31 43 48 34 44 36 28 37 46 52 35 35 20 33 30 28 23 24 25 24 27 21 24 24 15 28 24 31 24 23 19 18 28 19 21 31 16 12 12 17 13 19 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 21 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Pollution of the water/water quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Industrial agriculture Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials State of the oceans Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 56 54 48 41 39 28 24 23 22 16 Gender Male Female 59 64 51 62 54 55 44 53 38 44 37 41 26 30 25 24 22 24 23 20 14 18 18-29 50 53 55 49 38 29 32 27 22 17 22 30-39 45 47 40 38 32 29 28 29 22 25 17 Age(years) 40-49 62 58 57 46 43 43 25 23 21 22 15 50-59 75 59 62 55 42 45 26 26 29 24 14 60-69 77 64 56 56 49 48 29 18 21 18 12 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 22 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Pollution of the water/water quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Industrial agriculture Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials State of the oceans Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 56 54 48 41 39 28 24 23 22 16 Education Low Medium High 39 67 70 35 61 64 36 59 59 29 52 59 26 44 47 28 41 44 23 29 29 26 25 21 15 25 25 23 21 20 18 15 16 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 51 62 62 52 56 57 46 53 56 46 47 51 40 44 40 32 41 38 41 25 27 42 21 25 34 20 23 20 21 21 22 15 15 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 23 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Romania? 2 1 0 0= completely irrelevant, can be forgotten 4 3 56 7 Ø= 8,1 8 9 10 10= absolutely important, more important than anything else Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 74 11 5 4 6 (0-2)(3-4)(5)(6-7)(8-10)

social-ecological transformation 24 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Romania? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 37 41 41 43 40 28 32 22 29 58 48 21 20 23 24 23 21 20 32 16 16 21 16 16 16 12 15 21 14 10 16 14 24 7 6 4 4 17 12 8 6 11 3 1 4 3 4 4 2 2 8 8 4 2 6 6 3 2 3 7 2 12 14 3 6 2 3 2 2- 2 2 2 1- 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 3 1 1- 1 - 2-- 1 3 3 4- 1 -- 1- 2 2 2 1 1 3 2- 6- 1 6 2 3 2 8,1 8,3 8,4 8,2 8,7 8,0 7,6 7,6 7,5 8,9 8,9 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 25 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Romania? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 37 21 16 7 4 6 2 2 1 1 3 8,1 Gender Male Female 34 41 22 20 17 14 9 6 5 3 5 7 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 3 2 8,0 8,2 18-29 40 19 16 9 5 4 1 3 2 8,3 30-39 44 20 16 9 2 3 1 1 1 2 8,5 Age(years) 40-49 36 24 19 4 6 6 2 1 1 1 2 8,3 50-59 33 23 15 9 4 7 2 2 1 2 2 7,9 60-69 34 19 12 6 2 10 2 3 4 6 7,5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 26 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Romania? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 37 21 16 7 4 6 2 2 1 1 3 8,1 Education Low Medium High 42 39 26 25 19 24 18 14 18 6 7 7 2 4 6 5 6 8 - 2 3 - 2 3 - 2 - 1 1 2 3 4 8,7 8,1 7,7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 62 37 34 19 20 24 5 15 18 6 7 7 2 4 5 2 8 5 - 1 2 1 1 2 - 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 8,9 8,0 8,1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 27 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 93 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Romania than climate change. 61 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 47 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 65 28 61 7 41 37 17 5 22 28 33 26 13 39 22 33 28 17 45 21 26 29 24 53 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 28 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 93 93 95 92 89 90 92 90 94 94 100 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 82 86 74 83 78 72 65 76 84 86 There are more important problems in Romania than climate change. 61 58 36 57 60 75 59 55 69 66 58 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 55 35 51 63 68 48 50 51 69 58 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 47 40 23 45 46 66 42 43 50 59 44 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 29 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 93 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Romania than climate change. 61 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 47 Gender Male Female 93 92 81 74 65 56 60 50 52 42 18-29 92 81 55 54 47 30-39 94 85 71 69 65 Age(years) 40-49 91 80 58 56 43 50-59 92 74 59 47 38 60-69 94 70 61 49 43 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 30 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total 93 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Romania than climate change. 61 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 47 Education Low Medium High 90 93 95 86 76 76 77 58 50 76 51 45 69 43 36 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 91 93 93 83 76 80 66 62 59 67 54 55 62 48 45 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 31 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Consequences of climate change Increase in extreme weather events Forest fires, forest dieback Water shortage in everyday life Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Species extinction in the animal and plant world Economic damage Military conflicts over raw materials and water Falling yields in agriculture Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 62 46 42 38 38 34 33 32 30 21 9 2 2

social-ecological transformation 32 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Forest fires, forest dieback Water shortage in everyday life Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Species extinction in the animal and plant world Economic damage Military conflicts over raw materials and water Falling yields in agriculture Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 62 73 77 66 53 46 47 49 53 36 42 50 59 37 34 38 40 42 44 30 38 46 48 37 38 34 32 46 38 42 33 35 42 30 21 32 25 33 34 25 30 36 22 22 25 21 27 31 26 15 9 10 6 5 15 2 1- 2 2 2- 1 3 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 38 63 62 70 58 54 36 50 44 44 42 55 23 41 47 41 47 41 29 37 34 39 41 51 26 33 42 43 40 37 25 45 32 29 31 34 26 40 33 40 29 32 28 39 33 27 39 32 20 36 42 34 30 22 16 17 17 19 25 19 12 10 11 9 10 3 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 4 4- strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 33 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Forest fires, forest dieback Water shortage in everyday life Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Species extinction in the animal and plant world Economic damage Military conflicts over raw materials and water Falling yields in agriculture Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 46 42 38 38 34 33 32 30 21 9 2 2 Gender Male Female 58 65 45 46 35 48 37 40 33 44 34 35 32 35 34 30 29 31 18 24 12 6 2 1 1 2 18-29 47 51 39 33 38 37 22 30 28 27 11 3 30-39 46 33 36 32 34 31 27 26 30 20 10 1 2 Age(years) 40-49 63 42 46 39 39 31 37 32 34 20 6 1 1 50-59 73 54 41 43 39 39 40 34 27 23 11 2 2 60-69 77 48 47 43 43 34 39 37 30 16 10 2 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 34 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Forest fires, forest dieback Water shortage in everyday life Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Species extinction in the animal and plant world Economic damage Military conflicts over raw materials and water Falling yields in agriculture Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 46 42 38 38 34 33 32 30 21 9 2 2 Education Low Medium High 34 67 72 29 49 51 29 44 48 26 40 46 25 42 39 31 35 37 21 36 39 20 34 37 24 33 25 20 21 23 6 10 10 3 1 1 2 2 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 54 65 61 47 45 48 39 40 43 37 38 39 42 38 38 35 35 33 28 33 35 40 29 34 34 31 28 27 22 21 25 9 8 2 1 1 - 1 2 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 3 Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour

social-ecological transformation 36 Main findings climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 88% of respondents believe that we all have to become active ourselves and start changing the way we live in order to maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 59%). Furthermore, 83% of respondents would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the resulting costs were distributed in a socially just manner(highest level of agreement: 45%). Slightly fewer, but still significantly more than half(64%) claim to actively contribute to changing society(highest level of agreement: 26%). Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 87% of respondents believe that we should be willing to change our way of living for the benefit of the environment (highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 50%). However, 79% say that they are only willing to do something to protect the environment if this does not affect their standard of living(highest level of agreement: 35%).

social-ecological transformation 37 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 80% would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone did so(highest level of agreement: 41%). However, 43% say that others should first take the first step before themselves contributing to climate protection (highest level of agreement: 16%). Furthermore, 39% do not believe that their behaviour can contribute significantly to environmental protection. • 66% of respondents associate a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business with high personal costs. 67% say they lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. Furthermore, 56% of the respondents consider corresponding measures for climate and environmental protection to be socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular(highest approval rating: 25%). • 61% say they are annoyed when others tell them how to live(highest level of agreement: 26%). Furthermore, 52% complain that they will soon not be able to do anything at all if there are more regulations for climate and environmental protection(highest approval rating: 21%). • 57% are concerned that businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements(highest level of agreement: 23%). 56% also think that fighting climate change is detrimental to our businesses(highest approval rating: 25%). Furthermore, 46% say that preserving jobs is more important than protecting the climate and the environment(highest approval rating: 15%).

social-ecological transformation 38 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 55% think that businesses know best how to implement the necessary change(highest level of agreement: 19%). Furthermore, 38% think that science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life(highest level of agreement:13%). • Almost one in three(32%) find it difficult to shape their lives in an environmentally and climate-friendly way(highest level of agreement: 11%). Furthermore, 67% say that the poor infrastructure makes it impossible to do without the car (highest level of agreement: 34%). Around a third(34%) say they cannot see changing their behaviour for something that might happen in the future(highest level of agreement: 12%). Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 91% of respondents say it significantly enhances their quality of life when they spend time in nature(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 56%). Furthermore, 81% say they feel strongly connected to nature(highest level of agreement: 40%). • According to 91% of respondents, each individual is responsible for leaving a liveable environment for future generations (highest level of agreement: 60%). Furthermore, 90% believe that environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty(highest approval rating: 56%). 89% believe that more environmental protection also means better quality of life and health for all(highest approval rating: 58%). 72% feel personally responsible for the preservation of nature and the environment(highest approval rating: 34%).

social-ecological transformation 39 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 85% see the industrialised countries as having a special responsibility for climate protection, as they have been the main cause of climate change(highest level of agreement: 51%). Furthermore, 81% say they feel better when they buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate(highest level of agreement: 40%). • 80% believe that our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a threat of economic damage (highest level of agreement: 40%). 83% believe that a consistent policy to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future(highest approval rating: 40%). Furthermore, 70% believe that the switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities(highest approval rating: 30%).

social-ecological transformation 40 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start 88 changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just 83 manner. 59 45 29 10 2 12 38 14 3 17 I commit myself to actively changing society. 64 26 38 28 8 36 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 41 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 88 93 95 87 89 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 83 85 87 85 89 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 64 66 71 68 81 Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 59 63 76 66 63 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 45 40 60 54 55 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 26 19 22 36 48 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 89 82 76 84 96 95 86 77 69 76 93 89 73 49 39 43 83 88 ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 42 49 48 55 72 80 38 39 27 38 62 64 30 12 14 11 42 54 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 42 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 88 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 83 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 64 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 59 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 45 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 88 88 86 80 66 62 Gender Male Female 57 62 44 47 30 23 18-29 88 83 76 30-39 93 86 79 Age(years) 40-49 90 86 62 50-59 88 81 56 60-69 82 78 47 18-29 63 49 36 30-39 60 53 39 Age(years) 40-49 60 44 28 50-59 62 43 16 60-69 51 38 14 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 43 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 88 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 83 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 64 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 59 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 45 I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 91 87 89 88 82 81 80 59 64 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 86 89 90 81 81 86 70 58 69 Education Low Medium High 61 59 58 54 43 43 45 21 25 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 67 59 59 57 46 45 37 26 26 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 44 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 50 37 10 3 41 39 15 5 35 44 17 4 34 33 20 13 36 31 25 8 28 38 26 8 26 35 27 12 23 34 27 16 25 31 26 18 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 45 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 25 19 21 15 16 13 13 12 11 31 26 18 36 30 15 31 28 20 31 34 20 27 28 29 26 29 32 25 32 30 22 25 41 21 29 39 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 46 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 87 91 95 86 91 82 82 82 89 89 96 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 80 89 77 77 89 78 74 69 80 86 87 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 79 80 67 82 76 78 72 78 82 87 86 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 67 70 65 68 75 72 62 52 66 73 81 Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 67 65 41 66 63 69 71 62 81 77 56 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 66 63 53 58 64 75 72 57 66 72 64 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 61 53 40 56 62 68 61 57 63 76 61 Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 57 51 43 53 66 70 52 46 56 71 57 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 56 57 44 46 57 67 55 46 52 70 59 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 47 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 56 53 35 48 52 72 64 43 59 72 40 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 55 57 42 45 64 69 46 42 47 76 54 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 52 48 26 45 59 67 48 43 47 72 46 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 46 33 26 42 35 67 42 38 52 62 38 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 43 42 16 33 49 59 37 30 46 63 45 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 39 33 27 32 30 66 33 34 37 48 34 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 38 31 16 38 45 69 24 27 29 55 34 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 34 26 14 34 38 60 26 25 31 47 34 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 32 26 14 26 28 58 30 17 28 45 29 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 48 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Total 87 80 79 67 67 66 61 57 56 Gender Male Female 87 87 82 78 80 79 73 62 72 61 72 60 65 57 60 54 58 54 18-29 87 78 78 70 67 65 70 55 56 30-39 90 85 86 80 76 76 73 73 66 Age(years) 40-49 91 81 80 65 65 61 56 56 54 50-59 87 79 74 63 62 62 51 53 51 60-69 81 76 76 61 65 64 55 47 53 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 49 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 56 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 55 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 52 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 46 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 43 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 39 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 38 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 34 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 32 Gender Male Female 63 50 58 52 55 48 49 42 50 37 46 32 46 30 40 28 39 24 18-29 58 57 55 41 41 43 45 42 37 30-39 67 64 68 65 60 54 59 53 50 Age(years) 40-49 49 47 47 41 39 33 30 26 26 50-59 52 52 43 38 38 30 26 22 24 60-69 55 54 45 42 38 35 29 30 23 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 50 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Total 87 80 79 67 67 66 61 57 56 Education Low Medium High 92 86 90 86 79 77 89 76 78 80 67 57 82 66 50 78 63 60 77 57 55 78 51 54 73 52 50 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 81 89 88 77 82 80 84 79 79 69 66 70 73 73 62 77 68 62 60 62 61 66 55 56 67 58 54 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 51 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Total 56 55 52 46 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 43 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 39 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 38 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 34 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 32 Education Low Medium High 74 52 49 72 54 38 71 48 38 65 41 40 66 39 31 64 35 25 65 32 26 63 29 21 59 26 23 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 67 56 54 66 55 54 62 50 51 54 46 44 53 45 41 53 40 36 51 35 38 51 34 32 43 32 32 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 52 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 50 59 66 58 65 30 41 42 45 60 68 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 41 46 50 48 52 24 37 27 35 57 46 Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 36 35 14 43 40 24 43 36 46 44 25 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 35 34 41 42 36 23 30 21 37 49 53 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 34 35 31 44 45 23 29 26 36 39 41 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 28 30 15 28 31 24 33 11 39 38 21 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 26 27 14 36 35 21 27 16 24 34 29 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 25 26 21 26 39 21 21 15 27 37 27 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 25 23 8 26 32 21 25 18 36 40 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 53 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 22 20 17 25 31 21 23 15 22 31 25 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 21 14 7 25 31 26 20 9 21 36 14 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 19 19 8 20 26 21 16 13 13 32 17 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 16 12 7 16 25 14 16 12 18 31 11 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 15 9 7 16 12 14 18 10 21 26 10 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 13 8 7 16 16 14 15 10 13 22 9 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 13 13 1 15 27 16 7 10 6 27 6 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 12 12 3 14 22 16 9 7 13 16 12 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 11 12 3 12 13 17 10 4 8 20 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 54 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 51 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 41 Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 36 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 35 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 34 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 28 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 26 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 25 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 25 Gender Male Female 46 55 39 43 37 35 33 37 34 33 29 27 24 28 23 28 26 24 18-29 54 48 39 38 43 30 32 31 29 30-39 49 39 32 39 36 29 30 26 28 Age(years) 40-49 50 39 30 32 30 23 21 23 19 50-59 52 41 34 37 29 29 21 22 22 60-69 48 38 46 32 31 29 26 24 29 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 55 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 22 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 21 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 19 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 16 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 15 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 13 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 13 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 12 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 11 Gender Male Female 22 22 20 21 17 21 17 16 15 15 13 14 13 12 12 12 12 10 18-29 24 26 25 17 18 19 20 17 16 30-39 27 28 21 23 23 21 18 19 18 Age(years) 40-49 19 17 12 12 8 7 10 8 8 50-59 22 15 17 13 10 7 9 7 8 60-69 22 18 19 17 18 12 7 12 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 56 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" In favor of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. Personally, I lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. Total 51 41 36 35 34 28 26 25 25 Education Low Medium High 49 51 52 41 41 42 41 37 24 37 34 37 41 33 26 28 29 23 28 26 22 31 24 23 35 23 20 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 50 51 51 52 42 38 48 39 32 41 38 32 40 32 35 44 27 25 34 26 24 39 27 21 41 26 21 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 57 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. Total 22 21 19 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 16 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 15 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 13 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 13 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 12 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 11 Education Low Medium High 28 22 18 28 20 14 28 17 12 23 15 12 21 14 14 23 11 8 21 11 8 22 11 7 24 8 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 38 21 20 37 19 19 36 17 17 22 18 14 20 15 15 25 12 11 20 10 12 22 13 10 22 10 11 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 58 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. I feel a strong connection with nature. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 60 31 81 56 35 72 56 34 91 58 31 92 51 34 12 3 40 43 14 3 40 41 15 4 40 41 17 2 40 40 15 5 34 38 21 7 30 40 24 6 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 59 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 91 94 98 94 85 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 91 94 95 94 86 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 90 93 96 92 88 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 89 95 97 91 92 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 85 86 86 87 83 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 83 82 94 85 89 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 81 85 85 83 83 I feel a strong connection with nature. 81 90 79 82 87 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 80 86 88 77 78 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 72 81 84 64 78 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 70 69 78 70 75 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 88 89 87 84 92 85 83 87 86 83 85 86 82 84 80 84 75 82 77 75 74 80 81 70 79 77 65 69 66 66 74 69 56 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 88 91 100 90 92 96 91 94 94 86 92 98 89 86 88 77 85 94 76 89 98 64 88 96 72 89 93 65 77 85 59 83 85 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 60 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 91 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 91 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 90 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 89 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 85 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 83 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 81 I feel a strong connection with nature. 81 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 80 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 72 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 70 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 90 92 91 91 90 90 89 90 90 80 84 82 82 81 82 80 83 77 75 69 72 69 18-29 85 85 88 88 80 81 79 78 78 69 70 30-39 94 92 89 89 89 86 85 85 83 76 80 Age(years) 40-49 94 92 92 94 83 83 83 83 80 76 67 50-59 90 93 89 87 87 84 80 79 80 72 68 60-69 92 92 92 89 85 83 79 80 78 67 68 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 61 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 91 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 91 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 90 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 89 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 85 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 83 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 81 I feel a strong connection with nature. 81 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 80 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 72 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 70 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 92 91 94 89 90 95 90 89 94 90 89 90 89 83 87 84 83 85 85 80 84 80 81 82 81 80 79 74 71 75 77 69 69 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 86 92 92 78 91 93 77 91 91 81 91 91 76 86 86 81 82 86 80 82 83 71 80 84 75 80 82 63 70 76 67 70 73 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 62 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 60 70 73 74 68 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 58 66 76 69 64 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 56 65 78 71 72 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 56 62 69 73 61 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 51 55 50 58 53 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 40 42 55 55 44 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 40 42 49 48 45 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 40 48 52 43 50 I feel a strong connection with nature. 40 48 43 49 53 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 34 42 47 36 40 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 30 30 35 36 49 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 27 51 53 32 51 45 23 47 41 26 56 50 36 55 36 25 35 31 22 31 23 23 30 27 27 33 27 24 28 22 18 23 16 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 63 66 78 63 70 77 58 66 71 52 60 76 51 59 56 32 50 51 38 58 59 30 56 74 24 54 60 21 44 51 24 44 47 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 63 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 60 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 58 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 56 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 56 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 51 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 40 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 40 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 40 I feel a strong connection with nature. 40 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 34 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 30 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 54 66 52 66 50 62 50 63 53 48 39 42 36 43 37 44 35 44 33 35 28 32 18-29 55 62 56 58 47 42 46 44 42 34 30 30-39 52 49 48 48 46 39 37 42 38 35 32 Age(years) 40-49 60 57 56 54 42 38 36 39 35 34 24 50-59 66 65 61 60 58 41 38 41 41 33 32 60-69 66 63 61 61 62 43 44 37 44 33 33 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 64 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 60 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 58 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 56 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 56 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. 51 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 40 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 40 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 40 I feel a strong connection with nature. 40 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 34 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 30 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 51 61 67 51 60 64 47 57 62 43 58 65 47 50 58 38 41 42 40 38 43 42 40 37 32 41 42 33 33 36 34 28 32 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 52 61 60 52 61 59 43 56 57 49 57 58 50 52 50 49 41 40 49 38 39 49 39 40 39 40 39 33 30 37 30 27 33 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 4 Changing way of living and doing business

social-ecological transformation 66 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business Assessing the need for change • When asked whether a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business is necessary in Romania, 93% of respondents answered"Yes, definitely"(56%) or„Rather yes"(37%). This contrasts with 5% who(rather) do not think fundamental change is necessary. Attribution of responsibility- Which actors do too little? • In the opinion of the population, it is above all politicians and the government that should be more committed to tackling climate change: 82% of respondents say they are(much) too little involved. • 76% think that local governments are doing(far) too little to tackle climate change. 75% seek more responsibility on the part of businesses, 75% also want more commitment from trade unions, and 73% think local citizens should do more. • 57% of respondents think the European Union should do more as well. Non-governmental organisations and the scientific community are less likely to expect increased efforts(52% and 49% respectively).

social-ecological transformation 67 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business Attribution of responsibility- Which actors can contribute most to crisis management? • When it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, the government is by far the most frequently counted among the three most influential actors with 53%. The European Union follows(38%), with local citizens coming third, with 35%. They are followed by the scientific community(32%), local governments(30%), the scientific community(20%), NGOs(19%), political parties(8%) and trade unions(5%). Attitudes towards policies • 88% are in favour of providing more financial support to people with low incomes if the costs of electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 57%). 91% believe that politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and lifestyle is socially just(highest level of agreement: 55%). At the same time, 66% feel uneasy about the idea of a fundamental change in our economic and living conditions, as they say many people will be worse off afterwards than before(highest level of agreement: 30%). • 77% agree that low-income, indigenous, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pollution than other population groups(highest level of agreement: 46%).

social-ecological transformation 68 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business • 90% are in favour of subsidies that support businesses in switching to climate-friendly production processes and products (highest approval rating: 54%). 83% think that businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate-neutral(highest approval rating: 41%). 79% say that politicians should exert much more pressure on businesses to achieve climate-friendly production methods(highest approval rating: 39%). In the same vein, 65% believe that politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely(highest approval rating: 29%). 87% think that, above all, strict and consistent laws are needed to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations (highest level of agreement: 50%). 74%, however, say that there are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business- if these were also implemented, we would be on the right track(highest approval rating: 28%). • 87% support a more consistent switch to renewable energy(highest approval rating: 46%). • 68% agree with the statement"It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the special features of Romania"(highest level of agreement: 36%). • 54% believe that structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result(highest level of agreement: 19%). Yet, 72% say that jobs affected by structural change should be maintained for as long as possible if there are no suitable alternatives(highest level of agreement: 29%).

social-ecological transformation 69 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection • Mobility: 92% of respondents are in favour of reducing local public transport fares(highest level of agreement"I fully support": 44%). 91% are in favour of expanding the transport network and the frequency of local public transport(highest approval rating: 42%). More charging stations for electric or hybrid vehicles are supported by 83%(highest approval rating: 34%), the promotion of electric vehicles by 78%(highest approval rating: 32%), a climate tax on airline tickets by 54%(highest approval rating: 16%) and the introduction of a car toll(so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more) by 48%(highest approval rating: 17%). • Energy: 91% of respondents support the construction of more wind turbines(highest approval rating: 47%). 88% are in favour of energy communities(highest level of approval: 31%) and 83% are in favour of mandatory solar for public buildings and new private buildings(highest level of approval: 38%). • Technology/innovations/businesses: 93% of respondents are in favour of more support for the development of climatefriendly products and technologies(highest level of agreement: 45%). 89% are in favour of labelling climate-friendly products(highest approval rating: 36%). Reducing subsidies that are harmful to the climate is supported by 71%(highest approval rating: 24%) and making products that are harmful to the climate more expensive by 62%(highest approval rating: 18%).

social-ecological transformation 70 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business • Education: An improvement of school education in the field of environmental and climate protection is supported by 95% (highest level of approval: 53%). 90% support training or further education(or retraining opportunities) for workers who are employed in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future(highest level of approval: 41%). • Housing: 94% approve of financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump)(highest approval rating: 46%). 92% support state support for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation(highest approval rating: 47%). The same number of respondents support state subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(highest approval rating: 46%). 88% agree with legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(highest approval rating: 34%). Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition • 93% of respondents agree that workers affected by the switch to renewable energy(e.g. job loss) should be supported in retraining for alternative jobs(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 60%). Furthermore, 90% think that the affected employees should be financially supported(compensation payments, severance payments, etc.)(highest level of agreement: 50%).

social-ecological transformation 71 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business • 92% of respondents believe that private households that want to use renewable energy(e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pump) should be financially supported(highest level of agreement: 59%). In addition, 92% also agree that the development of energy communities should be supported by the government(highest level of agreement: 55%). • According to 90% of the respondents, new industries should be actively located in regions and municipalities affected by the conversion of electricity and heat supply to renewable energy(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions)(highest level of agreement: 51%). Furthermore, 88% of respondents think that the affected regions and municipalities should receive financial support(highest level of agreement: 46%). • 87% of respondents believe that citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) in order to help shape the community(highest level of agreement: 43%). • 76% of respondents can imagine taking an active part in shaping their community's energy supply, with 29% saying they could"definitely" imagine doing so. Asked whether they could imagine generating their energy, 4% say they would already do so, 52% say they could"definitely" imagine this and 34% say they could"rather" imagine this.

social-ecological transformation 72 Main findings Changing way of living and doing business • 62% would"approve" of the construction of a solar park in their community if the profits it generates benefit the community. 35% would accept it and only 3% would oppose it. 58% of the respondents would approve the construction of a wind park in their municipality if the profits from it benefit the community. 36% would accept it, 6% oppose it. • 73% of respondents think the heating transition should be done through more public subsidies for climate-neutral technologies and the replacement of heating. On the other hand, 12% support bans and 4% higher prices for oil, gas and coal. The remaining 11% of respondents are not in favour of any of the options mentioned. • When asked whether renewable energy has become more important since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, 31% answer"yes“ and another 37% with"rather yes„. Only 7% answered„no“ and 25%"rather no„.

social-ecological transformation 73 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Romania? Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Yes Yes, definitely Rather yes No No, not really No, not at all Don't know 56 93 37 14 5 2

social-ecological transformation 74 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Romania? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 93 96 97 89 98 91 92 89 85 96 97 56 54 65 62 63 33 54 51 54 68 72 37 42 32 27 35 58 39 38 31 28 26 5 3 1 9 2 7 5 6 11 2 1 4 2 1 4 2 6 3 5 9 1 1 2- 5- 1 2 1 2 0 1 2 1 1 2- 2 3 5 4 2 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 75 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Romania? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total 93 56 37 5 4 1 2 Gender Male Female 93 92 50 61 43 31 5 6 4 4 1 2 2 2 18-29 95 68 27 3 2 1 2 30-39 97 58 39 2 2 1 0 Age(years) 40-49 94 54 40 5 4 1 1 50-59 93 54 39 4 3 1 3 60-69 83 43 40 12 7 4 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 76 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Romania? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total 93 56 37 5 4 1 2 Education Low Medium High 95 92 90 52 59 48 44 34 42 2 6 7 2 4 4 1 1 3 2 2 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 94 92 93 78 53 53 16 39 40 4 5 5 3 4 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 77 Attribution of responsibility What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? The scientific community Non-governmental organisations (e.g. local environmental movements) European Union TOO LITTLE 49 52 57 Citizens in their area 73 Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) 76 Businesses 75 Trade unions 75 Government 82 Political parties 82 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 27 30 28 35 45 49 14 13 21 35 39 36 46 46 47 40 37 33 Way too little Too little 34 30 26 18 16 15 13 8 8 Just right 54 65 65 32 32 32 22 34 23 TOO MUCH 9 11 11 5 5 5 4 7 5 Way too much Too much Don't know 8 7 6 4 3 5 8 3 5

social-ecological transformation 78 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 5 3 2 4 6 15 9 10 14 13 75 84 86 76 79 5 3 3 4 7 16 16 10 20 18 76 78 88 74 71 11 10 5 11 14 26 21 50 34 18 57 63 43 47 66 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 7 4 3 4 8 8 26 12 19 10 21 12 63 78 69 76 69 79 10 4 1 2 7 5 18 13 20 14 15 13 66 79 70 82 76 79 8 17 12 32 21 19 53 57 63 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 15 11 6 16 22 33 55 65 60 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 79 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 7 4 2 8 8 8 4 6 8 12 82 89 91 80 78 5 7 1 6 3 18 12 12 18 11 73 76 86 73 84 4 3 1 4 6 13 8 8 9 13 75 81 86 80 76 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists 8 9 3 8 8 7 22 4 10 2 9 10 66 85 80 86 81 83 6 5 3 2 6 5 27 14 25 15 25 17 60 78 66 78 67 76 6 5 3 22 10 14 62 77 71 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 3 4 4 13 17 13 70 74 75 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 80 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Total EST INT PER COS Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little 5 2 2 3 10 8 5 4 8 8 82 88 93 86 80 11 9 10 18 7 30 26 41 37 47 52 56 44 41 36 9 7 6 17 10 34 33 50 36 46 49 53 38 44 40 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 7 5 1 5 7 9 17 7 6 6 7 8 72 82 85 81 83 78 9 13 10 11 15 11 27 25 29 25 32 25 59 53 53 54 50 54 7 15 3 33 26 42 52 46 46 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 7 11 10 25 28 40 56 56 46 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 81 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 5 15 75 5 16 76 11 26 57 Gender Male Female 5 4 16 14 76 74 4 5 18 14 75 77 14 8 28 23 56 59 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 12 6 4 1 1 21 16 11 14 16 62 75 80 80 78 10 4 4 2 4 23 14 13 15 16 63 80 78 80 78 16 6 10 31 24 21 49 64 63 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 10 15 28 26 56 52 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 82 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 7 8 82 5 18 73 4 13 75 Gender Male Female 8 5 12 6 79 84 6 4 21 16 71 75 5 3 16 10 74 75 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 15 5 6 3 5 12 13 6 6 6 71 80 84 87 85 10 4 4 2 4 18 22 16 13 21 67 70 75 80 72 13 3 2 18 16 11 60 74 76 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 1 2 9 11 82 79 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 83 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 5 8 82 11 30 52 9 34 49 Gender Male Female 6 4 11 5 81 84 13 10 31 29 52 51 10 8 37 30 47 50 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 12 4 4 3 4 13 15 6 4 2 71 79 84 90 88 20 8 11 9 10 35 30 31 28 25 36 57 52 55 56 16 6 8 38 36 34 36 52 50 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 8 9 30 32 52 52 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 84 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 5 15 75 5 16 76 11 26 57 Education Low Medium High 8 4 4 18 15 14 71 76 79 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 5 6 4 14 14 17 77 76 75 7 4 4 17 16 12 74 76 82 8 4 5 17 12 19 74 80 73 7 11 16 20 26 30 66 57 48 4 9 14 18 22 31 69 62 51 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 85 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 7 8 82 5 18 73 4 13 75 Education Low Medium High 10 6 5 17 7 6 70 84 86 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 5 6 6 8 6 11 84 84 79 4 6 3 28 16 14 65 74 81 4 4 6 22 16 20 70 75 72 7 4 1 22 10 12 63 77 77 8 4 4 8 11 15 77 77 73 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 86 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 5 8 82 11 30 52 9 34 49 Education Low Medium High 5 5 4 17 6 5 73 84 87 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 4 4 6 9 6 10 85 85 81 5 13 14 28 30 31 59 49 50 6 10 14 16 28 33 73 53 48 5 11 8 28 34 42 59 47 44 7 10 10 22 30 39 65 52 44 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 87 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three actors you regard as being most influential. Government European Union Citizens in their area The scientific community Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Politicians Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 53 38 35 32 30 20 19 8 5 3

social-ecological transformation 88 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three actors you regard as being most influential. Government European Union Citizens in their area The scientific community Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Politicians Trade unions None of them Total EST INT PER COS 53 60 62 56 44 38 43 51 47 29 35 41 37 33 34 32 30 27 30 26 30 36 33 34 17 20 21 31 17 12 19 21 28 21 24 8 9 7 7 8 5 3 3 2 7 3 1- 4 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 37 57 54 55 58 42 29 41 30 32 43 36 20 37 43 30 34 45 38 34 26 41 31 28 19 33 39 26 25 32 13 21 21 26 17 21 9 17 19 20 16 30 11 9 6 7 12 4 12 3 2 4 4 14 4 4 5 2 2 1 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 89 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three actors you regard as being most influential. Government European Union Citizens in their area The scientific community Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Politicians Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 53 38 35 32 30 20 19 8 5 3 Gender Male Female 52 54 41 35 32 38 36 28 27 32 18 22 15 24 8 9 8 3 2 5 18-29 48 50 34 28 17 12 21 14 6 3 30-39 37 33 24 38 19 12 17 8 11 3 Age(years) 40-49 63 37 38 26 29 20 20 8 6 2 50-59 53 35 41 32 40 28 21 6 2 5 60-69 63 37 36 37 43 27 17 6 1 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 90 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three actors you regard as being most influential. Government European Union Citizens in their area The scientific community Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Politicians Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 53 38 35 32 30 20 19 8 5 3 Education Low Medium High 34 56 64 27 41 41 17 39 40 36 32 29 13 32 40 9 22 26 13 22 19 8 10 4 14 3 2 5 3 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 33 54 58 29 35 42 30 33 37 39 29 32 23 28 32 14 21 20 14 23 18 13 10 7 3 6 5 2 3 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 91 55 36 72 54 36 82 57 31 10 2 46 41 11 2 50 37 10 3 41 42 12 5 39 40 16 5 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 92 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) than other population groups. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 46 31 13 10 28 46 20 6 29 43 23 5 36 32 22 10 30 36 25 9 29 36 20 15 19 35 30 16 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 93 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 91 94 99 96 87 86 91 81 92 96 95 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 90 94 93 93 89 88 88 77 85 95 95 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 88 88 87 84 91 87 90 77 91 93 90 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 87 86 92 89 92 86 84 80 83 92 94 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 87 91 95 87 89 81 85 75 86 90 92 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 83 83 83 80 85 80 82 79 82 90 87 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 79 81 85 75 78 81 78 70 74 85 91 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 94 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 77 71 86 77 66 81 74 68 82 85 79 than other population groups. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 74 76 69 79 69 79 75 60 71 80 79 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 72 75 60 62 78 76 72 63 71 83 67 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 68 66 34 55 76 75 74 64 74 81 63 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 66 62 42 55 64 77 74 55 75 82 60 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 65 57 73 64 56 71 70 50 65 72 73 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 54 52 67 48 54 68 41 37 35 73 68 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 91 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 90 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 88 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 87 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 87 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 83 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 79 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 92 91 91 88 88 87 89 85 86 87 83 83 80 78 95 18-29 88 83 87 86 79 81 75 30-39 93 Age(years) 40-49 95 50-59 91 92 91 87 92 87 86 86 89 86 87 90 88 87 84 78 84 83 75 60-69 90 92 87 88 87 84 78 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) than other population groups. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Total 77 74 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 72 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 68 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 66 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 65 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 54 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 80 74 75 73 74 68 70 66 68 64 68 62 59 48 96 18-29 70 74 68 69 64 65 53 30-39 84 Age(years) 40-49 72 50-59 81 81 74 69 82 74 67 82 67 57 78 65 63 73 68 59 68 54 45 60-69 78 73 65 63 62 61 48 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 97 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 91 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 90 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 88 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 87 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 87 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 83 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 79 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 95 90 92 91 88 91 96 87 78 92 86 86 87 86 87 89 81 84 84 79 75 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 79 92 94 86 91 89 85 91 86 85 87 88 76 87 88 73 83 85 70 80 82 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 98 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) than other population groups. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Total 77 74 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 72 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 68 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 66 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 65 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 54 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 86 74 77 87 72 69 81 70 62 85 66 52 82 65 53 78 62 62 69 49 51 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 69 78 78 85 71 75 78 73 70 81 71 64 76 67 65 61 65 66 55 53 56 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 99 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 57 58 53 61 62 37 58 49 62 69 66 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 55 55 68 70 64 30 58 41 54 66 68 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 54 52 64 60 61 30 52 40 51 70 69 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 50 57 60 53 58 25 46 39 50 59 65 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 46 44 68 61 56 20 41 34 40 61 71 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 46 37 63 54 50 34 46 29 58 52 54 than other population groups. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 41 42 47 51 49 22 37 28 41 49 58 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 100 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 39 36 50 46 45 24 38 24 39 48 59 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 36 34 7 38 37 26 41 37 47 44 35 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 30 24 15 30 38 25 35 20 41 42 33 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 29 25 31 28 31 18 36 17 38 38 35 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 29 25 25 26 39 26 30 21 24 42 35 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 28 30 34 33 31 20 27 18 21 40 35 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 19 20 34 22 30 18 12 9 13 28 15 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 57 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 55 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 54 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 50 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 46 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 46 than other population groups. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 41 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 55 58 54 57 52 55 48 50 48 45 47 45 37 44 101 18-29 56 54 51 42 46 40 35 30-39 55 Age(years) 40-49 53 50-59 58 52 55 57 50 51 56 48 52 54 41 48 44 50 42 50 43 38 42 60-69 62 60 60 52 53 49 46 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Politicians would have to exert much more pressure on businesses in order to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 39 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 36 The idea of a fundamental change in our businesses and ways of life worries me. I know from experience that many people will be worse off than before. 30 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 29 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 29 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 28 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 37 42 36 35 29 32 31 27 28 29 26 31 19 19 102 18-29 38 34 33 32 26 30 20 30-39 40 Age(years) 40-49 37 50-59 41 40 37 33 37 26 26 33 30 23 41 24 28 30 27 25 27 17 15 60-69 40 33 29 28 25 29 16 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 103 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 57 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of living is socially just. 55 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 54 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 50 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 46 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 46 than other population groups. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 41 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 62 57 48 55 56 55 52 53 54 50 49 51 44 46 49 56 43 48 42 40 43 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 60 61 54 49 58 55 49 55 53 39 53 48 50 45 47 44 50 44 47 41 40 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 104 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Politicians would have to exert much more pressure on businesses in order to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 39 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Romania. 36 The idea of a fundamental change in our businesses and ways of life worries me. I know from experience that many people will be worse off than before. 30 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 29 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 29 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 28 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 40 39 37 46 34 29 44 28 23 39 27 27 41 26 25 34 27 26 25 17 19 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 42 40 38 46 38 31 47 31 27 34 28 29 46 30 24 39 29 26 28 17 19 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 105 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 8 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 9 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 17 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 22 Carbon tax on airline tickets 46 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 52 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 17 48 44 92 18 49 42 91 4 13 49 34 83 6 16 46 32 78 12 34 38 16 54 17 35 31 17 48 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree

social-ecological transformation 106 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines Membership in a cooperative/energy community Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Opposition 9 12 17 7 11 29 38 Support 18 2 10 3 14 44 57 45 47 91 31 88 38 83 5 7 16 29 24 31 48 45 93 53 36 89 47 24 71 44 18 62 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree

social-ecological transformation 107 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 5 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 10 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems (e.g. heat pump) 6 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 8 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 8 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy class refrigerator) 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 14 19 42 49 53 95 41 90 15 17 26 2 10 48 46 45 54 46 94 46 92 47 92 34 88 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree

social-ecological transformation 108 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 92 96 84 94 92 83 92 91 97 90 91 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 91 93 91 90 93 89 90 91 92 88 89 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 83 84 96 92 80 85 76 75 78 86 95 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 78 79 94 81 78 78 74 68 68 83 87 Carbon tax on airline tickets 54 48 68 54 50 60 50 51 52 53 66 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 48 45 66 45 49 63 36 40 43 54 51 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 109 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total Gender Male Female 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 92 91 92 85 87 96 95 92 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 91 93 88 81 89 94 95 93 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 83 82 86 81 89 84 83 83 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 78 77 79 81 83 80 74 71 Carbon tax on airline tickets 54 60 48 52 61 56 55 47 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 48 55 42 51 58 45 48 39 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 110 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Carbon tax on airline tickets Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Total 92 91 83 78 54 48 Education Low Medium High 88 92 93 90 90 95 85 84 85 82 77 76 67 52 50 66 43 48 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 77 92 92 75 92 92 75 82 87 69 79 80 47 54 56 50 48 50 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 111 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Reduce public transport fares Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 52 55 34 55 51 37 64 60 57 46 49 46 52 32 46 50 40 50 49 48 47 34 22 21 6 19 22 22 26 32 32 17 13 17 16 4 8 20 15 24 25 22 14 5 8 4 16 6 8 17 8 9 3 10 9 9 7 9 10 7 11 10 9 8 12 11 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 112 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Reduce public transport fares Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport Total 52 46 22 17 8 9 Gender Male Female 45 58 40 52 23 21 18 14 9 8 7 12 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 49 42 55 52 61 48 39 44 45 53 19 17 20 26 29 19 11 16 17 17 15 13 4 5 8 19 11 6 5 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 113 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Total Education Low Medium High Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 52 34 57 52 50 52 50 Carbon tax on airline tickets 46 33 48 50 53 46 44 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 22 18 23 24 31 21 20 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 17 15 16 15 25 18 13 Reduce public transport fares 8 12 8 7 23 8 8 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 9 10 10 5 25 8 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 114 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines 91 96 98 92 82 81 92 86 92 92 93 Membership in a cooperative/energy community(community that has organised itself at local level to shape its energy supply in a more sustainable and independent way) 88 92 96 86 89 84 88 82 86 90 96 Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings 83 87 91 85 88 82 87 69 76 87 92 TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly 93 96 99 97 88 87 92 90 96 93 96 Labelling of climate-friendly products 89 91 97 93 79 81 91 91 87 93 93 Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate 71 72 83 63 75 74 68 60 66 73 83 Making climate-damaging products more expensive 62 64 78 62 73 64 52 58 52 67 72 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 115 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines 91 Membership in a cooperative/energy community(community that has organised itself at local level to shape its energy supply in a more sustainable and independent way) 88 Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings 83 TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly 93 Labelling of climate-friendly products 89 Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate 71 Making climate-damaging products more expensive 62 Gender Male Female 90 91 89 88 85 82 94 92 90 90 74 67 65 60 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 82 90 94 94 92 87 92 88 89 84 77 86 84 85 87 84 93 96 96 95 82 86 93 93 94 72 80 74 66 61 63 68 67 56 56 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 116 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Total Education Low Medium High Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) Construction of more wind turbines 91 85 92 91 68 93 92 Membership in a cooperative/energy community 88 93 87 87 86 87 90 Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings 83 84 84 82 77 84 86 TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly 93 88 94 98 74 95 96 Labelling of climate-friendly products 89 86 90 92 72 92 92 Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate 71 80 69 68 80 69 72 Making climate-damaging products more expensive 62 72 59 62 58 61 63 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 117 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 17 13 9 15 12 18 13 31 24 13 8 12 8 4 14 11 16 12 18 14 10 4 9 4 2 8 18 19 8 14 8 8 7 38 36 22 38 27 36 48 42 48 33 28 29 28 17 37 25 26 32 40 34 27 17 11 9 3 7 21 19 9 9 13 7 7 7 4 1 3 12 13 8 10 4 7 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 118 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total 17 12 9 38 29 11 7 Gender Male Female 15 18 11 12 10 9 35 40 26 33 10 10 6 8 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 23 14 16 15 13 13 8 12 11 16 18 10 6 6 8 37 32 33 44 44 28 20 26 34 39 18 14 7 7 6 16 7 4 4 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 119 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Total Education Low Medium High Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings 17 16 16 18 23 16 14 Membership in a cooperative/energy community 12 7 13 13 14 13 10 Construction of more wind turbines 9 15 8 9 32 7 8 TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive 38 28 41 38 42 39 37 Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate 29 20 31 32 20 31 28 Labelling of climate-friendly products 11 14 10 8 28 8 8 Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly 7 12 6 2 26 5 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 120 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 95 96 96 94 87 86 98 97 96 96 99 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 90 91 96 91 92 84 90 89 90 90 94 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 94 96 98 96 86 92 95 94 94 92 98 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 92 94 98 93 91 84 96 89 92 92 97 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 92 96 97 93 88 89 92 90 92 92 89 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy class refrigerator) 88 92 86 90 88 82 85 88 87 90 98 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 121 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 95 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 90 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 94 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 92 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 92 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 88 Gender Male Female 93 96 91 89 94 94 94 91 92 93 86 90 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 91 91 97 96 98 84 88 91 93 95 89 93 97 96 95 88 90 94 97 92 83 91 94 97 94 82 87 90 90 90 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 122 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 95 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 90 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 94 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 92 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 92 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 88 Education Low Medium High 92 95 97 85 90 95 91 95 94 86 94 92 89 93 93 90 86 92 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 78 96 96 80 90 92 82 95 95 81 95 93 79 94 93 81 89 88 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 123 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 10 9 4 9 8 16 10 11 10 10 6 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 5 4 4 6 13 14 2 3 4 4 1 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 12 8 14 10 12 18 15 12 13 10 2 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 8 6 2 7 9 16 4 11 8 8 3 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 8 4 3 7 12 11 8 10 8 8 11 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 6 4 2 4 14 8 5 6 6 8 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 124 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 10 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 5 Gender Male Female 9 11 7 4 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 16 12 9 7 5 9 9 3 4 2 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 12 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 8 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 8 14 10 6 9 8 7 18 13 10 10 10 12 10 6 3 8 17 9 6 3 6 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 6 6 6 11 7 3 4 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 125 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 10 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 5 Education Low Medium High 15 10 5 8 5 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 20 10 8 22 4 4 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 12 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 8 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 8 10 14 8 14 6 8 11 7 7 19 11 12 19 5 7 21 6 7 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 6 9 5 6 18 5 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 126 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.... ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 60 59 55 50 51 46 43 Fully agree Somewhat agree 33 61 33 71 38 61 40 91 40 81 42 10 2 44 11 2 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree

social-ecological transformation 127 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.... Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 93 96 97 96 88 89 94 92 93 92 97 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 92 94 98 92 89 90 93 90 93 92 92 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 92 95 96 94 95 90 92 87 93 90 95 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 90 87 88 88 84 94 86 93 94 91 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 90 91 96 93 88 86 90 88 91 94 90 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 88 90 87 90 86 80 90 84 92 91 89 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 87 92 93 89 78 84 88 80 87 89 88 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 128 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.... Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 93 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 92 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 92 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 90 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 88 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 87 Gender Male Female 93 94 94 91 92 93 90 89 91 90 88 88 87 88 18-29 85 86 85 82 81 84 81 30-39 94 92 94 90 93 90 89 Age(years) 40-49 96 95 95 92 92 90 87 50-59 96 96 95 95 94 91 90 60-69 94 92 93 88 93 84 88 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 129 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 93 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 92 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 92 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 90 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 88 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 87 Education Low Medium High 92 93 95 92 93 93 92 92 94 91 90 85 92 90 94 89 87 90 86 87 90 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 83 95 94 87 95 92 87 92 94 89 90 90 93 89 92 79 89 90 78 88 89 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 130 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 60 61 65 70 54 29 65 55 73 68 75 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 59 66 68 64 62 30 63 48 64 69 69 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 54 52 56 63 66 32 52 44 58 62 82 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 50 49 39 52 57 30 53 43 54 64 68 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 50 53 65 61 54 26 51 38 56 56 56 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 46 49 49 52 49 23 48 36 46 62 51 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 43 45 49 47 48 19 43 30 45 54 65 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 131 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 60 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 59 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 54 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 50 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 50 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 46 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 43 Gender Male Female 58 62 58 60 54 54 50 50 48 53 44 47 42 43 18-29 55 46 43 47 42 45 37 30-39 55 53 58 48 46 45 44 Age(years) 40-49 58 60 55 53 45 42 44 50-59 70 69 58 54 60 49 46 60-69 65 68 54 46 59 48 42 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 132 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 60 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 59 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 54 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 50 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 50 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 46 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 43 Education Low Medium High 52 63 61 48 62 62 58 53 54 52 50 46 45 51 53 45 47 42 44 43 39 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 51 61 61 48 60 60 50 54 55 54 50 48 48 50 51 41 49 45 36 43 44 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 133 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine being actively involved in shaping your community‘s energy supply? 3 21 29 47 76 Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Could you imagine generating your energy? 7 34 34 52 90 I already generate my energy Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all How would you evaluate the construction of a solar or wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar park 3 Wind park 6 35 36 62 58 I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it

social-ecological transformation 134 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 76 79 79 82 83 83 68 60 67 78 87 29 29 32 43 38 26 21 17 22 37 41 47 49 47 39 45 58 47 43 45 42 46 24 21 21 18 17 17 32 40 33 22 13 21 18 21 14 17 16 29 33 30 21 8 3 4- 3- 1 3 6 4 1 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 135 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 76 29 47 24 21 3 Gender Male Female 82 70 30 29 52 41 18 30 16 27 3 3 18-29 82 38 44 18 17 1 30-39 88 34 54 12 11 1 Age(years) 40-49 75 27 48 25 21 4 50-59 74 29 46 26 25 1 60-69 60 19 40 40 34 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 136 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 76 29 47 24 21 3 Education Low Medium High 86 73 74 31 30 25 54 43 49 14 27 26 11 24 23 3 2 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 81 73 79 50 24 30 30 49 49 19 27 21 17 24 18 2 3 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 137 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your energy? Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO YES 85 81 87 86 85 89 87 83 80 83 95 Yes, definitely 52 49 58 56 47 52 52 42 50 52 62 Somewhat, yes 34 32 29 29 38 37 36 41 30 31 33 NO 10 16 8 7 8 4 11 15 17 9 2 No, not really 7 12 5 5 8 4 8 9 10 7 2 No, not at all 3 4 3 2- 0 3 6 7 2 I already generate my energy 4 3 5 7 7 7 2 2 3 8 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 138 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I already generate my energy Total 85 52 34 10 7 3 4 Gender Male Female 88 82 55 48 33 34 7 14 4 10 3 3 5 4 18-29 83 49 34 9 9 0 8 30-39 91 56 36 2 2 1 6 Age(years) 40-49 85 51 33 10 7 3 5 50-59 88 58 30 10 6 5 2 60-69 78 42 36 20 14 7 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 139 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I already generate my energy Total 85 52 34 10 7 3 4 Education Low Medium High 89 85 82 45 53 53 44 32 28 7 11 14 4 8 10 3 3 4 4 4 5 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 84 85 86 64 47 55 20 39 31 12 12 8 8 8 6 5 3 2 3 3 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 140 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 62 73 73 78 59 37 65 61 58 63 64 35 23 27 21 38 60 31 36 38 34 36 3 4- 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 58 64 70 75 54 36 58 58 55 55 64 36 30 28 22 45 59 32 32 38 40 34 6 6 2 4 2 5 10 10 7 5 1 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 141 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 62 35 3 58 36 6 Gender Male Female 61 64 38 32 2 4 54 62 41 32 5 6 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 60 51 64 72 66 38 48 34 25 29 3 1 2 2 6 56 50 58 67 57 37 48 39 27 30 7 2 3 6 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 142 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 62 35 3 58 36 6 Education Low Medium High 37 70 66 61 28 30 2 3 4 41 63 58 55 31 34 4 6 8 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 63 60 64 31 37 33 6 2 2 65 57 58 24 38 37 11 5 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 143 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement 73 Through bans 12 Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal 4 None of the above options, there are alternatives 11 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%.

social-ecological transformation 144 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 73 80 84 79 75 48 76 76 78 69 76 12 8 8 5 8 34 7 6 12 13 19 4 2 4 5 6 7 1 1- 6 2 11 10 3 10 12 11 16 17 9 11 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 145 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 73 12 4 11 Gender Male Female 67 80 19 6 5 2 9 13 18-29 66 18 8 8 30-39 60 27 6 8 Age(years) 40-49 74 12 3 12 50-59 84 3 1 12 60-69 83 2 16 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 146 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 73 12 4 11 Education Low Medium High 47 79 82 40 6 4 7 3 3 7 12 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 78 72 73 8 15 12 2 3 4 12 10 10 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 147 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? Yes Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes No Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important 31 68 37 25 32 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%.

social-ecological transformation 148 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 68 72 86 67 79 81 53 54 51 71 85 31 33 48 39 27 21 23 16 24 41 50 37 39 38 28 52 60 30 38 27 30 35 32 28 14 33 21 19 47 46 49 29 15 25 21 10 24 14 15 38 37 38 21 13 7 7 4 9 7 3 9 9 11 8 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 149 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total 68 31 37 32 25 7 Gender Male Female 74 62 32 28 41 34 26 38 22 28 4 10 18-29 72 36 35 28 23 6 30-39 80 35 45 20 14 6 Age(years) 40-49 68 30 37 32 28 5 50-59 64 22 42 36 27 9 60-69 56 29 27 44 32 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 150 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total 68 31 37 32 25 7 Education Low Medium High 80 65 66 27 32 30 52 33 36 20 35 34 14 29 22 6 6 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 67 69 70 49 28 32 18 41 38 33 31 30 22 25 24 10 6 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 5 Interest in information and level of knowledge

social-ecological transformation 152 Main findings Interest in information and level of knowledge Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate • 85% of respondents express a fundamental interest in the climate change as a topic. Of these, 33% are"very" interested. Less interest was expressed by 12% and no interest at all by 3%. • 75% rate their level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(e.g. forest dieback, biodiversity, etc.) as(rather) high. However, only 11% rate their level of knowledge as"very high„. A(rather) low level of knowledge is attested by 25%, with 3% saying they know very little. Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies • Only 8% of respondents feel"very well" informed about policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally-friendly businesses. 42% feel"rather well" informed. This compares to 43% who feel"rather not well" informed and 7% who feel"not at all well" informed. • 69% of respondents think that policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy are insufficiently explained and clarified. Only 31% disagree(policies are sufficiently explained: yes: 5%, rather yes: 26%).

social-ecological transformation 153 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? 33 Interest I am very interested in it I am rather interested 85 52 How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? 11 High Very high Rather high 75 64 No interest I am less interested I am not interested in it at all 12 15 Low 3 Rather low Very low 22 25 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%.

social-ecological transformation 154 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 85 90 97 86 92 87 75 80 70 89 97 33 40 55 32 33 29 20 19 18 49 58 52 49 41 53 59 58 56 61 52 40 39 15 10 3 14 8 13 25 20 30 11 3 12 9 3 12 3 12 19 11 25 9 1 3 2- 3 4 0 6 8 6 2 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 155 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 85 33 52 15 12 3 Gender Male Female 87 83 34 33 53 50 13 17 10 14 3 3 18-29 81 32 48 19 17 2 30-39 90 40 50 10 8 2 Age(years) 40-49 88 34 55 12 10 2 50-59 83 27 56 17 13 4 60-69 81 33 47 19 13 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 156 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 85 33 52 15 12 3 Education Low Medium High 89 83 86 37 32 33 51 51 53 11 17 14 10 13 11 2 4 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 87 86 85 48 30 35 39 57 50 13 14 15 12 12 11 1 2 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 157 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the Oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 75 85 74 79 73 74 78 59 64 82 84 11 13 15 12 4 14 7 5 8 18 16 64 72 59 68 70 59 71 55 55 63 68 25 15 26 21 27 26 22 41 36 18 16 22 15 23 19 21 18 21 34 34 15 15 3 - 4 2 6 8 2 6 3 3 1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 158 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the Oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 75 11 64 25 22 3 Gender Male Female 82 68 12 10 70 58 18 32 16 27 2 5 18-29 69 14 56 31 28 3 30-39 73 15 59 27 16 10 Age(years) 40-49 74 9 65 26 25 2 50-59 82 11 71 18 18 1 60-69 78 8 70 22 20 1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 159 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the Oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 75 11 64 25 22 3 Education Low Medium High 76 73 81 15 10 10 61 63 71 24 27 19 15 24 18 9 2 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 52 78 78 13 9 12 39 69 66 48 22 22 24 21 20 24 1 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 160 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? Well Very well informed Somewhat informed Not well Not very well informed Not informed at all Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 8 Yes 42 50 Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes No 43 50 Rather no No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified 7 5 26 31 48 69 21

social-ecological transformation 161 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 50 54 46 58 54 64 38 31 30 66 64 8 7 9 10 5 11 4 2 6 9 13 42 47 37 48 49 53 33 29 24 56 51 50 46 54 42 46 36 62 69 70 34 36 43 41 50 35 39 28 56 62 55 31 32 7 6 4 7 7 8 7 8 15 3 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 162 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 50 8 42 50 43 7 Gender Male Female 59 40 8 7 51 34 41 60 35 52 6 8 18-29 48 10 37 52 46 6 30-39 60 12 48 40 27 13 Age(years) 40-49 45 4 41 55 50 5 50-59 50 6 44 50 46 4 60-69 47 6 42 53 46 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 163 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 50 8 42 50 43 7 Education Low Medium High 62 45 55 11 6 6 51 38 48 38 55 45 29 48 42 10 7 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 30 49 57 6 6 9 24 43 47 70 51 43 40 46 39 30 5 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 164 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 31 31 23 31 52 50 18 17 12 46 40 5 4 5 8 9 6 4 1 2 10 9 26 27 18 23 43 44 14 17 10 37 32 69 69 77 69 48 50 82 83 88 54 60 48 48 55 46 34 33 59 67 60 33 40 21 21 22 23 14 16 23 16 27 21 20 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 165 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total 31 5 26 69 48 21 Gender Male Female 38 25 5 5 32 20 62 75 45 51 17 24 18-29 41 7 34 59 40 19 30-39 45 8 37 55 32 23 Age(years) 40-49 29 4 26 71 54 17 50-59 21 4 16 79 60 19 60-69 20 4 16 80 54 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 166 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total 31 5 26 69 48 21 Education Low Medium High 56 25 25 6 5 6 50 20 19 44 75 75 27 53 55 17 22 20 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 24 31 35 5 4 7 19 27 28 76 69 65 29 50 49 47 19 17 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 6 Appendix: Communication

social-ecological transformation 168 Topic interest in general Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Environment and nature Nutrition Garden and plants Food and drink Holiday, Travel Family, children and child education Science and technology Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Furniture, decoration Sport Wildlife, animals and pets Psychology, spirituality, well-being Information from the region, regional news Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 70 57 51 51 46 44 43 41 41 37 35 35 33 31 Business, professions Current affairs Photography, filming Consumer electronics, television Fashion Computers, computer games Sustainable consumption Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities 31 27 26 25 24 24 24 23 22 19 18 12 10

social-ecological transformation 169 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Environment and nature Nutrition Garden and plants Food and drink Holiday, Travel Family, children and child education Science and technology Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Furniture, decoration Sport Wildlife, animals and pets Psychology, spirituality, well-being Information from the region, regional news Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 70 79 72 78 61 57 71 72 61 57 51 66 55 58 45 51 61 56 53 49 46 54 38 53 48 44 49 52 50 51 43 57 39 51 40 41 46 61 44 33 41 44 52 51 40 37 41 44 40 34 35 40 36 50 22 35 39 42 34 40 33 34 47 35 39 31 40 35 36 21 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 46 79 71 29 57 59 35 56 47 38 57 53 22 55 50 25 49 44 19 46 50 36 46 35 21 50 36 23 44 33 23 43 22 17 38 40 19 35 32 18 37 32 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 70 71 63 51 58 75 47 54 47 48 54 38 50 54 38 38 53 42 40 47 40 34 39 42 38 41 51 34 40 35 24 40 41 32 38 37 32 37 31 29 30 34 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 170 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Business, professions Current affairs Photography, filming Consumer electronics, television Fashion Computers, computer games Sustainable consumption Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 31 36 33 37 29 21 34 24 33 34 34 27 29 40 32 26 9 28 25 32 27 26 26 19 28 35 26 22 31 21 18 32 32 25 25 25 29 35 20 29 12 20 34 20 24 26 18 29 31 10 23 28 21 30 25 24 21 24 29 28 22 32 14 22 30 24 24 31 34 25 20 12 28 20 20 24 35 23 23 21 25 30 14 27 24 26 26 22 22 20 15 30 26 21 22 15 17 32 15 19 20 19 26 29 14 21 16 11 18 18 18 21 22 28 21 12 20 10 9 24 16 12 6 17 12 13 9 18 4 13 19 14 10 11 2 14 14 6 11 8 7 16 15 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 171 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Environment and nature Nutrition Garden and plants Food and drink Holiday, Travel Family, children and child education Science and technology Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Furniture, decoration Sport Wildlife, animals and pets Psychology, spirituality, well-being Information from the region, regional news Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 70 57 51 51 46 44 43 41 41 37 35 35 33 31 Gender Male Female 61 78 53 62 46 57 45 58 42 51 41 48 35 51 53 30 40 42 31 42 46 23 31 38 22 44 36 27 18-29 55 49 42 36 41 36 39 33 39 26 33 32 33 16 30-39 51 41 36 38 31 28 34 27 29 24 26 24 26 14 Age(years) 40-49 72 59 56 58 51 53 44 46 39 44 36 32 34 32 50-59 80 71 60 62 52 58 45 54 49 48 41 45 37 46 60-69 89 66 64 61 56 46 54 47 51 39 37 41 36 48 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 172 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Business, professions Current affairs Photography, filming Consumer electronics, television Fashion Computers, computer games Sustainable consumption Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 31 27 26 25 24 24 24 23 22 19 18 12 10 Gender Male Female 34 28 27 27 27 25 31 18 12 35 32 17 26 22 7 40 30 13 26 11 20 16 9 16 8 12 18-29 28 16 34 22 29 25 19 23 27 30 18 13 15 30-39 30 11 22 20 19 19 23 21 21 13 14 13 11 Age(years) 40-49 33 27 21 26 26 23 30 25 25 23 22 14 8 50-59 35 34 29 27 25 28 24 26 19 17 19 12 10 60-69 31 45 25 28 20 28 24 22 16 10 16 9 7 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 173 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Environment and nature Nutrition Garden and plants Food and drink Holiday, Travel Family, children and child education Science and technology Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Furniture, decoration Sport Wildlife, animals and pets Psychology, spirituality, well-being Information from the region, regional news Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 70 57 51 51 46 44 43 41 41 37 35 35 33 31 Education Low Medium High 48 74 81 32 62 70 32 54 64 33 56 55 27 51 54 16 50 60 33 45 48 21 44 56 20 44 58 21 38 49 14 39 43 17 36 49 22 33 48 11 34 44 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 60 70 69 46 56 61 39 51 54 44 51 52 43 44 48 24 37 55 41 44 43 26 42 46 36 37 45 33 37 38 18 32 40 21 34 37 27 32 34 22 29 34 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 174 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following Topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Business, professions Current affairs Photography, filming Consumer electronics, television Fashion Computers, computer games Sustainable consumption Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 31 27 26 25 24 24 24 23 22 19 18 12 10 Education Low Medium High 23 33 37 8 28 46 14 27 37 15 26 30 17 24 30 11 28 29 12 26 34 18 23 32 15 24 20 9 21 22 10 18 30 8 12 20 10 10 11 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 20 31 34 10 25 32 24 23 28 18 24 26 24 23 24 15 24 27 18 21 28 27 21 24 20 21 22 16 18 20 14 15 20 11 11 14 10 12 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 175 Consumer interests For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Kitchen furniture and equipment Coffee/tea Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Clothing/Fashion Cars Cosmetics/Perfume Bicycle Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Delicatessen- high quality food Donations for charitable purposes Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 40 23 19 19 19 16 16 14 14 14 12 12 12 High-end hi-fi equipment (Wrist)Watches Antiques High quality jewellery Costume jewellery Beer Wine/Champagne High quality spirits/whisky Handbags Exclusive accessories Porcelain/Glasswork None of these products 9 8 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 20

social-ecological transformation 176 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Kitchen furniture and equipment Coffee/tea Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Clothing/Fashion Cars Cosmetics/Perfume Bicycle Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Delicatessen- high quality food Donations for charitable purposes Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 40 47 48 48 34 23 21 25 29 28 19 16 17 28 9 19 13 20 25 17 19 24 20 29 12 16 19 12 19 22 16 19 16 20 21 14 12 14 22 14 14 12 18 15 20 14 13 13 14 9 12 12 14 21 15 12 11 20 19 7 12 12 21 16 27 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 30 36 38 26 22 9 15 15 28 10 18 21 13 13 20 16 14 15 17 16 11 10 15 7 12 15 11 16 11 15 11 5 8 4 10 13 6 9 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 31 45 42 20 29 30 15 22 18 12 34 18 15 22 19 14 21 14 8 23 15 10 20 13 6 15 20 16 19 13 5 15 17 10 20 12 5 14 11 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 177 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. High-end hi-fi equipment (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality jewellery Costume jewellery Beer Wine/Champagne High quality spirits/whisky Handbags Exclusive accessories Porcelain/Glasswork None of these products Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 9 7 15 9 16 6 6 7 9 11 6 8 5 8 10 8 8 13 5 4 10 4 8 8 8 6 9 8 11 8 3 10 12 7 4 4 8 9 9 8 7 3 7 16 6 4 3 10 3 9 7 4 2 6 7 6 7 6 11 6 4 2 5 3 10 2 5 4 9 4 10 10 4 1 1 5 6 5 2 4 9 8 5 5 3 2 5 6 4 4 2 6 6 5 2 4 2 8 1 4 2 3 6 6 5 5 2 1 4 4 3 3 1 3 4 5 2 2 1 4 0 20 21 22 14 19 9 29 24 34 13 15 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 178 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Kitchen furniture and equipment Coffee/tea Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Clothing/Fashion Cars Cosmetics/Perfume Bicycle Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Delicatessen- high quality food Donations for charitable purposes Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 40 23 19 19 19 16 16 14 14 14 12 12 12 Gender Male Female 40 40 31 16 13 24 16 21 18 19 15 18 20 13 7 20 18 9 12 16 11 13 10 14 10 14 18-29 36 34 17 17 15 22 23 13 17 17 16 10 18 30-39 34 19 16 16 16 19 18 17 9 20 14 9 12 Age(years) 40-49 42 24 25 19 19 18 20 11 15 15 11 12 12 50-59 45 22 19 23 22 13 14 14 16 14 11 15 10 60-69 41 19 15 18 20 10 6 14 11 4 8 16 8 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 179 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. High-end hi-fi equipment (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality jewellery Costume jewellery Beer Wine/Champagne High quality spirits/whisky Handbags Exclusive accessories Porcelain/ Glasswork None of these products Total 9 8 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 20 Gender Male Female 12 5 9 6 9 7 7 7 6 6 9 2 6 4 7 3 2 6 4 4 3 3 15 25 18-29 10 9 12 8 8 5 9 9 7 5 3 12 30-39 8 8 7 7 8 4 6 6 6 6 5 11 Age(years) 40-49 12 8 8 7 5 9 4 3 2 2 2 19 50-59 7 7 11 9 5 5 4 3 2 3 3 24 60-69 6 7 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 2 35 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 180 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Kitchen furniture and equipment Coffee/tea Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Clothing/Fashion Cars Cosmetics/Perfume Bicycle Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Delicatessen- high quality food Donations for charitable purposes Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 40 23 19 19 19 16 16 14 14 14 12 12 12 Education Low Medium High 22 42 50 13 26 26 19 18 19 19 18 19 12 21 18 15 18 13 10 19 16 12 13 20 8 15 16 16 13 15 11 12 12 4 13 20 9 12 14 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 24 34 48 16 20 28 20 17 20 21 17 19 20 16 20 21 15 18 26 12 19 14 10 18 14 12 15 21 11 16 17 10 13 4 10 16 12 11 13 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 181 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. High-end hi-fi equipment (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality jewellery Costume jewellery Beer Wine/Champagne High quality spirits/whisky Handbags Exclusive accessories Porcelain/Glasswork None of these products Total 9 8 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 20 Education Low Medium High 4 9 12 3 9 8 6 8 11 8 7 7 8 6 4 4 6 6 5 5 6 4 4 6 3 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 10 22 26 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 8 9 9 9 6 9 8 7 10 10 6 8 10 5 6 5 6 6 8 5 5 3 5 5 5 3 5 10 3 4 8 3 2 17 24 16 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 182 Media use Now we would like to know your habits and ways of using media. How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online? Internet(no social media) Communication/messenger services (e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services 74 14 7 131 67 17 7 252 70 15 5 3 4 3 54 21 83 9 5 31 24 18 6 14 7 31 23 14 6 19 8 29 21 12 5 15 18 15 25 20 9 20 11 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Daily newspaper Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Computer games/video games 16 20 14 8 24 17 14 21 14 6 22 22 14 20 13 8 24 22 Journals, magazines 10 20 15 9 29 17 Books/Audiobooks 9 20 14 11 29 17 Online media libraries of TV channels 7 16 12 9 31 25 Cinema 3 10 12 17 41 18 Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs 3 10 12 8 37 30 Daily Several times a week Several times a month About once a month Rare Never

social-ecological transformation 183 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category::“At least several times a month“ Internet(no social media) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Daily newspaper Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Computer games/video games Journals, magazines Books/Audiobooks Online media libraries of TV channels Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Total EST INT PER COS 95 96 100 100 91 91 98 98 96 92 90 96 93 98 86 83 90 78 86 68 72 69 71 82 80 67 74 67 61 49 62 60 72 67 69 60 66 55 60 58 51 46 55 54 43 49 42 54 54 65 47 38 44 42 56 45 41 39 46 42 43 40 58 40 41 35 28 30 31 32 24 18 20 24 26 24 15 20 22 22 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 91 95 90 83 90 89 83 90 87 85 83 79 76 64 59 72 67 67 69 58 48 68 52 53 65 42 44 63 41 34 58 44 28 57 40 41 56 33 29 58 26 22 49 14 11 48 15 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 98 93 97 85 89 96 89 88 96 86 82 81 64 81 92 59 72 77 47 66 79 54 70 66 42 60 56 38 54 66 46 58 57 35 56 50 38 47 60 28 49 42 12 34 30 18 39 34 strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 184 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category::“At least several times a month“ Internet(no social media) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Daily newspaper Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Computer games/video games Journals, magazines Books/Audiobooks Online media libraries of TV channels Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 95 91 90 83 72 67 62 60 51 49 47 45 43 35 24 24 Gender Male Female 96 94 92 90 91 90 84 82 78 67 75 60 68 56 65 56 56 46 60 39 58 36 50 41 45 41 42 28 30 18 32 17 18-29 90 87 84 61 82 49 64 46 40 64 53 32 41 32 27 22 30-39 92 90 90 85 78 71 77 66 58 68 63 55 58 56 45 42 Age(years) 40-49 98 94 93 87 72 76 68 68 52 50 42 44 42 33 24 27 50-59 97 92 93 90 72 70 54 61 53 40 39 43 35 25 13 16 60-69 96 92 90 89 59 67 46 59 52 24 38 52 39 28 10 14 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 185 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category:“At least several times a month“ Internet(no social media) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Daily newspaper Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Computer games/video games Journals, magazines Books/Audiobooks Online media libraries of TV channels Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 95 91 90 83 72 67 62 60 51 49 47 45 43 35 24 24 Education Low Medium High 91 96 97 87 91 95 88 92 88 81 83 85 81 70 73 70 65 73 66 59 67 69 58 59 67 46 53 64 44 51 66 43 39 54 40 54 52 38 53 58 28 34 52 16 21 46 18 20 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 85 94 98 70 91 94 78 92 92 74 85 84 71 70 75 47 67 74 50 56 69 57 59 63 39 49 55 50 44 54 45 48 48 34 47 47 36 41 48 36 36 36 30 22 25 27 24 26 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 186 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? 67 69 34 34 14 8 6 31 25 39 30 20 42 34 36 2 2 6 27 36 44 58 58 78 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Frequently Occasionally Never

social-ecological transformation 187 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 69 86 63 80 74 41 78 74 63 71 64 67 69 72 82 82 55 65 66 58 68 65 34 38 30 50 42 28 36 27 17 32 52 34 29 25 48 51 33 34 29 24 42 30 14 18 17 15 4 14 14 15 5 15 17 8 8 13 8 10 9 9 3 4 12 10 6 4 6 6 3 8 5 4 4 10 5 2 1 4 2 4 5 1-- 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 188 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 69 67 34 34 14 8 6 2 Gender Male Female 63 76 66 68 30 38 34 34 10 17 11 6 6 5 2 2 18-29 60 82 59 61 18 13 5 2 30-39 48 59 32 38 8 8 6 4 Age(years) 40-49 78 63 31 28 11 7 6 1 50-59 80 73 22 25 13 6 5 2 60-69 81 59 28 19 20 9 8 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 189 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 69 67 34 34 14 8 6 2 Education Low Medium High 41 76 76 47 73 70 22 37 38 35 36 22 9 15 13 7 9 10 2 5 13 4 2 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 55 71 71 69 65 68 22 31 38 55 28 34 10 15 13 6 9 8 2 5 8 0 2 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 190 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:"At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 98 99 94 99 100 97 98 95 99 97 100 94 96 92 97 97 93 96 96 93 92 92 73 69 71 81 69 87 66 65 58 75 90 64 58 42 73 79 84 56 59 50 71 76 56 53 51 64 51 68 50 52 45 59 66 42 38 35 43 46 64 38 29 26 53 50 42 37 40 42 32 56 38 32 38 49 47 22 14 18 25 26 49 10 11 13 30 28 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 191 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:"At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 98 94 73 64 56 42 42 22 Gender Male Female 98 97 95 94 73 73 69 60 52 60 54 30 48 35 30 15 18-29 98 91 87 84 67 48 34 29 30-39 99 95 84 81 65 52 51 36 Age(years) 40-49 98 96 73 66 59 40 42 20 50-59 98 95 60 51 44 35 40 13 60-69 94 95 59 40 44 36 40 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 192 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:"At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 98 94 73 64 56 42 42 22 Education Low Medium High 98 98 97 94 95 92 82 70 71 85 62 48 70 52 55 53 40 38 53 34 58 47 17 14 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 98 99 97 95 94 94 77 69 75 77 61 65 50 54 59 25 43 46 22 40 47 14 23 25 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 193 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 61 49 57 42 43 46 24 52 27 46 Applies completely Somewhat applies 33 51 44 52 36 61 49 81 47 82 43 92 19 5 21 6 Mostly doesn’t apply Doesn’t apply at all

social-ecological transformation 194 Communication expectations When you think about what you use media for, e.g. newspapers, magazines, Internet, television, radio etc. and what you expect from it, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 94 99 96 98 93 85 94 93 92 96 100 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 93 94 90 99 90 90 90 92 96 94 95 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 93 97 88 96 95 87 89 96 92 95 96 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 91 96 94 96 85 86 88 87 88 91 98 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 90 92 91 95 94 86 87 83 91 91 93 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 89 92 91 89 85 87 90 92 86 92 89 Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 76 78 75 78 77 81 65 62 64 88 92 73 81 58 79 86 75 70 68 59 80 86 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 195 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ Total It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 94 I find it important to learn about a Topic from different sources of information. 93 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 93 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 91 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important Topics. 90 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 89 Media help me to form my opinion on important Topics. 76 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 73 Gender Male Female 95 94 93 93 92 94 90 91 91 89 90 89 76 75 75 72 18-29 88 85 87 79 84 78 72 69 30-39 92 94 95 93 89 89 79 85 Age(years) 40-49 96 96 95 96 93 93 80 75 50-59 96 95 94 89 92 93 73 68 60-69 98 94 92 95 90 93 73 70 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 196 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Total 94 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 93 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 93 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 91 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 90 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 89 Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. 76 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 73 Education Low Medium High 87 96 98 91 93 96 96 92 95 90 90 93 90 89 94 85 91 89 81 74 73 85 71 73 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 79 96 96 83 94 94 87 94 93 86 92 91 81 91 92 77 92 90 75 74 77 79 73 73 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 197 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely“ It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. The protection of my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I am careful. I find it important to learn about a Topic from different sources of information. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 61 68 72 70 63 29 59 50 61 71 86 57 68 53 71 61 31 53 59 54 69 67 49 54 61 56 59 28 45 39 44 64 64 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 46 58 50 58 33 27 46 41 41 56 52 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand the background and contexts. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. 43 46 54 57 52 24 35 28 38 58 55 42 43 55 51 51 25 34 36 36 49 66 27 27 28 32 31 27 15 19 20 41 40 24 24 19 38 29 20 15 13 9 44 43 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 198 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely“ It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. The protection of my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I am careful. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. information. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand the background and contexts. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. Total 61 57 49 46 43 42 27 24 Gender Male Female 59 62 51 64 49 50 41 51 39 46 40 44 26 27 23 25 18-29 58 50 45 38 38 37 26 24 30-39 49 57 44 45 42 41 36 28 Age(years) 40-49 58 57 50 44 40 44 24 27 50-59 66 59 51 48 43 41 21 21 60-69 73 64 57 56 51 47 28 20 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation 199 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely“ It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. The protection of my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I am careful. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand the background and contexts. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my opinion on important topics. Total 61 57 49 46 43 42 27 24 Education Low Medium High 42 64 71 52 58 60 42 50 58 34 49 50 39 42 48 44 41 44 32 26 22 31 23 21 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<1,165 RON) Medium 60-140% (1,165-2,718 RON) High>140% (>2,718 RON) 46 60 64 62 60 55 36 48 54 42 49 46 42 41 45 41 41 44 34 28 26 28 26 23 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented

social-ecological transformation Imprint

social-ecological transformation 201 Contact persons Dr Christoph Schleer Associate Director Research& Consulting christoph.schleer@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-27 Naima Wisniewski Research& Consulting naima.wisniewski@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-54 © Copyright 2023 SINUS Market and Social Research GmbH This work is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced or processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic systems in any form(photocopy, microfilm or any other process), not even for the purpose of teaching, without the written consent of Sinus Markt- und Sozialforschung GmbH. Quotations and reprints, including excerpts, are only permitted with express permission and reference to the source. Part of the INTEGRAL-SINUS-OPINION Group