Social-ecological transformation SINUS Study for the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Social-ecological transformation Country report Serbia Heidelberg, September 2023 Teil der INTEGRAL-SINUS-OPINION Gruppe Social-ecological transformation 2 Task and objectives Empirical survey to identify opposing and advocating groups of the social-ecological transformation • The world is undergoing far-reaching changes. There seems to be no end to reports of record heat, storms and forest fires. Climate policy has been dodged for a long time; progress must be made quickly in phasing out fossil fuels and building up an energy supply and industrial production based on renewable energy. • At the same time, the pressure for change increasingly affects citizens directly. The path to a climate-neutral economy is associated with enormous technological, economic and social challenges: The accelerated expansion of renewable energy, the heat and transport transition, and the structural change of the economy- all of this will increasingly affect citizens. • Against this background, the SINUS Institute conducted a large-scale population survey in Europe and North America on behalf of the Competence Centre for Climate and Social Justice of the Friedich-Ebert-Stiftung: across 19 countries, the research delved into the perceptions, interests, and concerns that individuals associate with the social-ecological transformation. The survey’s primary objective was twofold: first, to provide an encompassing overview of attitudes towards climate policy, and second, to explore the degree of receptivity among various social segments toward climate policies. To achieve the latter, the survey design incorporated the Sinus-Meta-Milieus target group model. • The study results are intended to stimulate public discussions and provide an in-depth analysis of the conditions under which the climateneutral transformation of national economies can succeed and be supported by broad public acceptance. Based on these analyses, developing country- and milieu-specific communication strategies that address the population's different interests and fears and appropriately address them through suitable forms of communication is essential. Social-ecological transformation 3 Table of contents 01 02 03 Method and sample 04 Problem awareness  Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection  Relevance of environmental policy fields of action  Relevance of climate change as a topic  Attitudes towards climate change  Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale Climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Attitudes towards climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour  Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour 05 06 Changing way of living and economies  Assessment of the need for change  Attribution of responsibility  Attitudes towards policies  Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Interest in information and level of knowledge  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies Appendix: Communication  Topic interest in general  Consumer interests  Media use  Communication expectations Social-ecological transformation 1 Method and sample Social-ecological transformation Methodology and sample Method Standardised online survey (CAWI) Quota sample(gender, age, education and region) The interviews were conducted in the national language. Data collection Ø Interview duration: 26 minutes The data collection was carried out by Sociotrend GmbH. Target group Resident population aged from 18 to 69 years Sample size 1,201 persons Survey period 27.06.- 28.07.2023 5 Survey contents • Awareness of environmental, nature and climate protection topics • Climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour: Attitudes, barriers and motivators • Attitudes towards change in our way of living and doing business Necessity of change, attribution of responsibility and policies • Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change change, ecological contexts and political measures Social-ecological transformation 6 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • This report presents the survey results for Serbia. The key findings are presented in graphs and diagrams. For better readability and comprehensibility, the percentages have been rounded to whole numbers. • The data set was examined for differences in the response behaviour of different population groups and presented in tabular form. The sociodemographic characteristics gender, age, education and net equivalent income were taken into account. • Gender: female, male (The answer category„non-binary" was taken into account in the survey, but not evaluated due to too small a number of cases). • Age groups: 18- to 29-year-olds, 30- to 39-year-olds, 40- to 49-year-olds, 50- to 59-year-olds, 60- to 69-year-olds • Education groups: low: "(Ипак) није школско или стручно образовање" or"Основна школа" or"Средња стручна школа, 1-2 године" or"Средња техничка школа, 1-2 године"; medium: "Средња стручна школа, 3 године" or"Средња техничка школа, 3 године" or "Средња техничка школа, 3 године" or"Средња усмерена школа[1978-1988]" or"Матура, гимназија или средња стручна/техничка школа" or"Учитељска школа, 5 година[раније]"; UP: "Виша школа након средње школе, 2- 3 године" or"Универзитет/ Високо образовање" • Net equivalent income*: low: less than 60% of median income; medium: 60 to 140% of median income; high: more than 140% of the median income * divided by the number of persons weighted according to the OECD scale. This results in a means-weighted per capita net income. The calculated equivalised income was divided into three groups The net equivalent income is a net income weighted according to the number and age of persons living in the household. To calculate the net equivalent income, the net household income is (below 60%, 60-140%, above 140% of the median income) using the median values available at Eurostat(2021). Social-ecological transformation 7 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • In addition to the differentiation according to socio-demographic characteristics, the data was analysed according to the milieu affiliation of the respondents. By evaluating the findings according to the Sinus-Meta-Milieus , the socio-demographic analysis is supplemented by lifestyle and value components. • The milieu perspective does not replace the study of socio-demographic characteristics, but complements and refines them by taking into account basic values that determine lifestyle and life goals as well as everyday attitudes to family, work, leisure and consumption. • Established test procedures of empirical social research were used to examine the statistical significance of survey results. The differences in the response behaviour of the analysed population groups were checked by means of a chi-square test(e.g. age group of 18 to 29 years compared to the average). This is based on a confidence interval of 95% or 99%, which is costomary for social science purposes. • The examined characteristics are interpreted as overrepresented or underrepresented in the sample if the probability of this is at least 95%. Characteristics are considered to be strongly overrepresented or strongly underrepresented if a probability of 99% is applied. • The result of the significance test always depends on the group size. The larger the group(e.g. group of people with high educational qualifications), the more likely it is that even weak over- and under-representations can be shown to be significant. For this reason, it can happen in individual cases that identical numerical values are presented as differently over- or under-represented. Social-ecological transformation 8 Demographic structure of the sample Gender Men Women 49 51 Age ø 44.3 years 18 to 29 years 19 30 to 39 years 20 40 to 49 years 21 50 to 59 years 19 60 to 69 years 21 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Marital status Single In partnership, living separately In partnership, living together Married/ registered partnership Living in separation/ divorced Widowed Persons in the household 1 person 2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons and more 21 7 14 45 9 4 10 24 25 25 10 6 Educational qualification Low 5 Medium 73 High 22 Children in the household YES Yes, children aged 0-5 years Yes, children aged 6-13 Yes, children aged 14-17 Yes, children aged 18 and over (adult children) There are no children living in my household 14 17 13 24 55 45 Social-ecological transformation 9 Demographic structure of the sample Occupational status In education In employment Manager or working in management Other employee Labourer Self-employed/entrepreneur Unemployed/Jobseeker Pensioner/retired Home-maker(m/f) 10 58 7 16 28 7 13 14 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Net household income Below 60,000 RSD 60,000-90,000 RSD 90,000-125,000 RSD 125,000-150,000 RSD 150,000-187,500 RSD 187,500-250,000 RSD Above RSD 250,000 Not specified 18 20 18 13 8 6 4 13 Size of residency(number of inhabitants) 39 12 2 24 19 3 Below 1.000 1.000 10.000 10.000- 100.000->1.000.000 100.000 1.000.000 I don't know Region Beogradski Region Vojvodine Region Sumadije i Zapadne Srbije Region Juzne i Istocne Srbije Region 25 27 27 21 Social-ecological transformation 10 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus ® in Serbia 18- 69 year olds Social status Higher Middle Lower Basic Values Established 11% Intellectuals 9% Performers 11% Cosmopolitan Avantgarde 5% Traditionals 10% Conventional Mainstream 12% Adaptive Navigators 12% Progressive Realists 8% SensationOriented 11% Consumer Materialists 11% © SINUS Traditional Sense of Duty and Order Modernisation Individualisation, Self-actualisation, Pleasure Re-organisation Multiple Options, Experimentation, Paradoxes Social-ecological transformation 11 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus Short summary Established Status-driven conservative elite: High self-confidence, traditional responsibility and performance ethics, exclusivity and status claims, acceptance of social order Intellectuals Academic elite with post-material beliefs: High affinity for enjoyment, sensuality, art and culture, critical of globalisation, advocate for justice and public welfare, taking responsibility for oneself and others, affinity for education and high quality of life Performers Efficiency- and progress-oriented modern elite: Global economic and liberal thinking, affinity for higher consumption, modern design, adopting, interest in technology and digital, competitive and careeroriented, networker, open to change Ambitious and individualistic avant-garde: Cosmopolitan, urban, Cosmopolitan mobile and flexible, digital nomads, lifestyle vanguards, pronounced Avantgarde self-expression, postmodern lifestyle elite, anti-mainstream, desire to stand out, joie de vivre, ambitious and success-oriented Progressive Realists Drivers of social transformation: Sustainable lifestyle but without renunciation, driving the global social transformation, progressive, optimistic, ease of dealing with contradictions, party and protest, seriousness and entertainment Adaptive Navigators SensationOriented Conventional Mainstream Traditionals ConsumerMaterialists Modern mainstream: Flexible pragmatists, young modern middle class, high willingness to adapt and perform, modern lifestyle, digital affinity, reliable and loyal, open to new – but tested and verified- things Materialistic- and entertainment-focused lower middle-class: Hedonistic, with focus on today, conspicuous consumption, unconcerned, open to risks, anti-bourgeois yet materialistic lifestyle, rejection of political correctness and conventions, looking for fun, action, entertainment, stimulation Harmony-seeking older middle-class: Desire for secure circumstances, fear of losing achievements, search for community, cohesion, social life, neighbourly support, distrust towards elites, feeling of being left out in favour of other groups, down to earth Order-seeking older generation: Petty bourgeois world, traditional working-class culture, desire for social security, harmony, consistency, voluntarily disconnection from modern lifestyle and digital culture, desire for simple, safe, down to earth Lower class striving for validation: Precarious living conditions, undemanding adaptation to necessities, desire for consumption standard of the middle class, defiant cohesion within their own community, fear of speed of change and being left behind Social-ecological transformation 2 Problem awareness Social-ecological transformation 13 Main findings Problem awareness Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection • With 53% of mentions, public health service and care is most frequently counted among the five most important political topics- closely followed by the"Inflation and declining purchasing power"(52%),"Education, schools and universities" (50%),"Rule of law, fight against corruption"(49%),"Criminality, internal security"(48%) and"more social justice"(46%). The area of environmental, nature and climate protection only ranks seventh, but with 40% mentions, 13% apart from the most important topic. Relevance of environmental policy fields of action • Among the top five challenges to sustaining our livelihoods, respondents most frequently rank water pollution/quality (76%), air pollution and air quality(74%) and waste in the environment(63%). The state of the oceans is least frequently seen as a priority area for environmental policy action(12%). Relevance of climate change as a topic • A clear majority of the population considers climate change to be a(very) important topic for Serbia: On a scale from 0 "completely irrelevant" to 10"absolutely important", 68% of the respondents choose the scale points 8 to 10, another 17% the scale points 6 to 7. In contrast, it is only 3% of the respondents who choose the scale points 0 to 2. The scale average is 7.9. Social-ecological transformation 14 Main findings Problem awareness Attitudes towards climate change • 97% of respondents believe that the destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 76%). At the same time, 78% say they are afraid of the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 33%), yet 43% think that many things are very exaggerated when it comes to the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 12%). When asked if there are more important problems than climate change in their country, 72% agree(highest level of agreement: 26%) while 28% disagree. Furthermore, 53% think that we should rather focus on adapting to the consequences of climate change instead of putting climate protection in the foreground(highest level of agreement: 13%). Consequences of climate change • The increase in extreme weather events and the lack of water in everyday life are the most frightening for the population: Two thirds of the respondents each put the increase in extreme weather events and the lack of water in everyday life among the five consequences of climate change that frighten them the most. Species extinction in the animal and plant world is named third most often(50%), military conflicts over raw materials and water fourth(48%) and the increase in humanitarian crises fifth(45%). Significantly fewer respondents are afraid of increased immigration and migration(10%) as a result of climate change. Social-ecological transformation 15 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Serbia to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Politically relevant topics Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Education, schools and universities Rule of law, fight against corruption Criminality, internal security More social justice Environmental, nature and climate protection Fair pensions and retirement provision Employment offers and fair wages Economic development and competitiveness Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Adequate and affordable housing Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 11 6 6 26 23 21 19 18 53 52 50 49 48 46 40 Social-ecological transformation 16 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Serbia to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Education, schools and universities Rule of law, fight against corruption Criminality, internal security More social justice Environmental, nature and climate protection Fair pensions and retirement provision Employment offers and fair wages Economic development and competitiveness Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Adequate and affordable housing Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 53 56 55 44 51 52 54 56 47 60 50 53 53 48 52 49 40 64 41 37 48 44 54 43 42 46 44 44 37 48 40 44 53 40 36 26 36 15 21 13 23 19 16 20 26 21 20 22 30 17 19 22 13 24 21 18 25 15 20 28 11 10 12 15 10 6 4 4 8 16 6 8 4 5 10 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 53 56 62 53 46 52 50 55 50 49 60 45 52 48 47 42 48 54 33 40 38 24 36 26 22 23 24 22 14 22 24 21 17 18 13 15 9 15 8 6 1 5 5 2 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 61 50 42 61 53 46 46 46 47 52 46 49 49 48 54 58 40 50 36 37 45 32 29 18 23 29 28 18 23 18 15 16 18 14 15 17 3 12 17 6 7 6 1 4 10 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 17 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Serbia to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Education, schools and universities Rule of law, fight against corruption Criminality, internal security More social justice Environmental, nature and climate protection Fair pensions and retirement provision Employment offers and fair wages Economic development and competitiveness Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Adequate and affordable housing Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 53 52 50 49 48 46 40 26 23 21 19 18 11 6 6 Gender Male Female 46 60 52 53 46 54 57 41 48 48 45 48 40 40 23 29 24 22 23 19 20 18 17 17 9 13 5 6 8 3 18-29 51 54 56 39 43 43 46 13 29 14 19 12 18 10 5 30-39 58 55 48 41 42 44 38 21 26 16 20 14 14 10 5 Age(years) 40-49 59 57 51 55 53 50 38 21 22 18 14 16 10 4 7 50-59 51 52 50 56 48 48 40 28 24 26 19 20 5 3 4 60-69 48 43 45 52 55 47 38 47 13 28 24 24 9 2 6 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 18 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Serbia to take care of? Please select up to 5 topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Education, schools and universities Rule of law, fight against corruption Criminality, internal security More social justice Environmental, nature and climate protection Fair pensions and retirement provision Employment offers and fair wages Economic development and competitiveness Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Adequate and affordable housing Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 53 52 50 49 48 46 40 26 23 21 19 18 11 6 6 Education Low Medium High 45 54 54 47 52 56 35 48 60 33 48 56 35 48 51 52 48 39 29 42 37 38 26 25 28 24 16 8 20 26 14 20 19 18 16 24 15 12 9 8 7 2 10 5 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 49 52 56 52 56 49 41 48 55 35 45 56 38 48 52 58 51 38 44 38 41 27 31 22 24 22 23 21 20 22 21 18 20 20 17 18 4 11 12 7 6 6 11 5 6 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 19 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges to sustaining our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Environmental policy fields of action Pollution of the water/water quality Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Condition of the forests Industrial agriculture Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Increasing traffic and noise State of the oceans Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 17 12 27 23 44 42 40 34 76 74 63 Social-ecological transformation 20 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges to sustaining our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Condition of the forests Industrial agriculture Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Increasing traffic and noise State of the oceans Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 76 75 78 68 77 74 68 79 72 84 63 71 74 59 66 44 38 49 43 43 42 47 44 41 41 40 52 44 31 35 34 32 38 37 40 27 28 31 23 10 23 23 16 31 26 17 14 9 25 10 12 10 12 13 14 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 80 76 83 80 71 73 77 73 70 77 75 75 64 67 57 58 54 63 35 46 57 50 37 47 40 48 40 40 41 39 38 43 30 39 39 41 27 37 33 33 36 30 26 23 38 34 30 21 31 20 12 23 25 23 14 21 12 20 18 20 12 12 14 9 11 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 21 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges to sustaining our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Condition of the forests Industrial agriculture Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Increasing traffic and noise State of the oceans Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 76 74 63 44 42 40 34 27 23 17 12 Gender Male Female 77 75 72 76 61 65 46 42 42 43 37 42 31 37 27 27 24 22 16 17 11 12 18-29 73 81 63 40 25 42 30 28 20 17 15 30-39 76 70 56 43 41 32 36 29 23 23 11 Age(years) 40-49 80 72 62 42 45 36 32 30 25 18 10 50-59 76 73 67 49 49 40 35 30 22 11 14 60-69 75 77 67 45 50 48 36 21 24 14 8 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 22 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following topics are among the greatest challenges to sustaining our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Condition of the forests Industrial agriculture Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Species extinction in the animal and plant world Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Increasing traffic and noise State of the oceans Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 76 74 63 44 42 40 34 27 23 17 12 Education Low Medium High 78 75 79 65 74 76 47 61 72 41 46 40 34 42 46 23 41 39 48 33 34 26 28 24 32 22 24 20 16 18 14 11 13 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 81 77 73 74 73 74 64 63 64 45 44 44 30 44 45 32 43 39 35 32 33 33 26 29 28 22 24 19 17 17 7 12 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 23 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Serbia? 4 3 2 56 7 8 1 0 0= completely irrelevant, can be forgotten Ø= 7,9 9 10 10= absolutely important, more important than anything else Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 68 17 348 (0-2)(3-4)(5)(6-7)(8-10) Social-ecological transformation 24 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Serbia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 26 35 25 27 24 18 16 23 19 31 40 23 26 25 21 29 20 32 24 18 22 20 19 16 31 15 25 25 20 16 23 10 17 12 13 9 13 8 13 9 11 17 14 7 5 1 3 6 6 6 8 4 8 5 1 8 4 3 11 4 10 9 8 10 8 8 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 3- 3 1 3 1 5 1 1 - 1 2 2 2 1 3-- 2 1 1--- 2- 1- 2 1 2 0- 1- 0 2 7 2 2 1 7,9 8,4 8,3 7,8 8,3 7,5 7,7 7,3 7,6 7,8 8,3 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 25 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Serbia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 26 23 19 12 5 8 2 2 1 1 2 7,9 Gender Male Female 20 32 22 24 22 17 11 12 6 4 9 7 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 0 3 0 7,5 8,3 18-29 29 19 24 13 4 5 2 3 2 8,0 30-39 24 27 18 14 6 7 1 2 1 0 1 8,0 Age(years) 40-49 26 24 17 8 5 12 1 2 2 1 3 7,7 50-59 27 21 19 13 4 9 2 2 0 3 1 7,8 60-69 22 25 19 12 6 8 2 2 2 1 7,8 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 26 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Serbia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 26 23 19 12 5 8 2 2 1 1 2 7,9 Education Low Medium High 29 26 22 21 23 24 15 19 21 12 12 11 2 5 6 16 7 8 - 2 2 - 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 7,8 7,9 7,8 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 31 27 23 21 24 24 16 18 20 14 12 12 3 6 6 8 7 8 3 1 2 - 2 3 2 0 2 2 0 0 - 2 2 8,0 8,0 7,8 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 27 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 97 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Serbia than climate 72 change. Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather 53 concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many 43 things are greatly exaggerated. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 1 76 21 2 3 33 45 16 6 22 26 46 22 6 28 13 40 34 13 47 12 31 39 18 57 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 28 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 97 98 98 96 98 97 98 98 98 93 98 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 87 87 75 79 77 81 69 73 68 88 There are more important problems in Serbia than climate change. 72 67 67 74 66 73 75 75 77 74 66 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the 53 62 33 54 53 56 48 49 52 66 52 consequences of climate change. When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 43 34 19 51 35 48 39 46 45 66 37 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 29 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 97 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Serbia than climate change. 72 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the 53 consequences of climate change. When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 43 Gender Male Female 96 98 72 84 74 69 54 52 48 38 18-29 97 77 73 50 41 30-39 98 79 74 53 49 Age(years) 40-49 97 81 70 52 43 50-59 96 77 71 53 40 60-69 96 77 71 57 43 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 30 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total 97 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Serbia than climate change. 72 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the 53 consequences of climate change. When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 43 Education Low Medium High 98 97 98 77 78 78 72 70 77 68 54 48 60 44 38 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 94 97 97 79 78 79 72 70 73 63 56 47 48 45 40 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 31 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Consequences of climate change Increase in extreme weather events 66 Water shortage in everyday life 66 Species extinction in the animal and plant world 50 Military conflicts over raw materials and water 48 Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases 45 Impairment of my health and personal quality of life 38 Falling yields in agriculture 36 Forest fires, forest dieback 30 Economic damage 26 Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles 20 Increased immigration, migration 10 Don't know 0 I am not afraid 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Social-ecological transformation 32 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Military conflicts over raw materials and water Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Falling yields in agriculture Forest fires, forest dieback Economic damage Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 66 72 79 62 65 66 73 76 55 59 50 55 60 41 43 48 50 55 45 46 45 38 48 45 55 38 37 27 34 45 36 35 40 42 30 30 30 28 32 32 26 26 20 24 29 20 25 24 23 16 10 5 7 14 12 0 --- 2 2- 3 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 64 72 63 67 51 61 66 70 66 70 56 64 43 58 52 46 46 56 42 49 50 54 48 43 48 47 35 52 44 46 45 37 31 34 44 48 39 31 34 32 39 30 26 26 32 23 36 34 28 21 20 27 33 31 17 18 17 13 19 24 9 11 9 11 13 15 --- 2- 2 2 4 4 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 33 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Military conflicts over raw materials and water Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Falling yields in agriculture Forest fires, forest dieback Economic damage Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 66 66 50 48 45 38 36 30 26 20 10 0 2 Gender Male Female 58 72 60 72 46 54 56 41 42 48 37 39 34 37 27 32 27 25 19 20 12 9 0 3 1 18-29 57 62 52 45 41 40 34 29 21 22 10 2 30-39 61 68 56 42 39 45 34 31 28 19 11 0 Age(years) 40-49 68 71 51 48 47 39 39 28 19 20 9 2 50-59 70 67 47 51 51 35 36 27 28 18 9 0 2 60-69 71 62 44 55 48 31 35 33 33 18 12 1 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 34 Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Military conflicts over raw materials and water Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Falling yields in agriculture Forest fires, forest dieback Economic damage Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Increased immigration, migration Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 66 66 50 48 45 38 36 30 26 20 10 0 2 Education Low Medium High 58 64 72 48 67 67 43 51 47 37 48 53 46 44 48 38 39 36 31 35 37 26 30 29 31 24 29 17 19 21 11 11 9 2 0 5 2 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 59 66 67 60 63 70 48 50 50 45 48 53 43 45 48 37 36 40 35 38 33 32 30 28 28 27 24 12 21 20 8 12 10 - 0 0 2 2 1 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 3 Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Social-ecological transformation 36 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 97% of respondents believe that we all have to become active ourselves and start changing the way we live in order to maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 66%). • Furthermore, 94% of respondents would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the resulting costs were distributed in a socially just manner(highest level of agreement: 50%). • Slightly fewer, but still more than three quarters(79%) claim to actively contribute to changing society(highest level of agreement: 30%). Barriers to Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 94% of respondents believe that we should be willing to change our way of living for the benefit of the environment (highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 55%). However, 61% say they are only willing to do something to protect the environment if it does not affect their own standard of living(highest level of agreement: 21%). Social-ecological transformation 37 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 87% would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone did so(highest level of agreement: 41%). However, 41% say that others should take the first step before contributing to climate protection themselves(highest level of agreement: 12%). Furthermore, 30% do not believe that they can contribute significantly to environmental protection with their own behaviour(highest level of agreement: 8%). • 82% say they are annoyed when others try to tell them how to live(highest level of agreement: 40%). In addition, 34% complain that they will soon not be able to do anything at all if there are even more regulations for climate and environmental protection(highest approval rating: 10%). • 82% think that the poor infrastructure makes it difficult to give up the car(highest level of agreement: 42%). In addition, 38% of respondents say they find it difficult to shape their own lives in an environmentally and climate-friendly way (highest level of agreement: 8%), and 37% say they cannot see changing their own behaviour for something that may happen in the future(highest level of agreement: 11%). • 60% say they lack the financial means to do something for climate protection(highest level of agreement: 24%). Almost as many respondents(56%) consider climate and environmental protection measures to be socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular(highest level of agreement: 20%). Furthermore, 51% fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business is associated with high personal costs(highest approval rating: 14%). Social-ecological transformation 38 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 51% say that businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements(highest level of agreement: 17%). Furthermore, 32% say that preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection(highest level of agreement: 6%). 25% think that combating climate change is detrimental to our businesses(highest approval rating: 7%). • 46% think that businesses know best how to implement the necessary change(highest level of agreement: 11%). Only 24% think that science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of living. Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 97% of respondents say that spending time in nature significantly improves their quality of life(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 72%). Furthermore, 92% feel a strong connection with nature(highest level of agreement: 43%). • According to 97% of respondents, environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty(highest level of agreement: 67%). In addition, 97% believe that each individual has a responsibility to ensure that we leave a liveable environment for future generations(highest approval rating: 70%). 97% agree that more environmental protection meansh better quality of life and health. 77% feel personally responsible for the preservation of nature and the environment (highest approval rating: 31%). Social-ecological transformation 39 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 90% see the industrialised countries as having a special responsibility for climate protection, as they have been the main cause of climate change(highest level of agreement: 50%). In addition, 84% say they feel better when they buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate(highest level of agreement: 36%). • 87% believe that our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a threat of economic damage(highest level of agreement: 36%). 83% believe that a consistent policy to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future(highest approval rating: 31%). Furthermore, 76% believe that switching to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities(highest approval rating: 22%). Social-ecological transformation 40 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start 97 changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just 94 manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 79 66 31 3 3 50 44 51 6 30 49 19 2 21 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 41 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 97 100 99 98 98 97 94 97 95 91 98 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 94 99 90 90 93 92 95 94 94 91 94 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 79 90 87 88 85 75 73 76 63 76 86 Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 66 78 84 71 64 49 64 68 54 55 78 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 50 53 51 47 50 38 53 55 43 48 61 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 30 34 29 50 43 19 20 22 17 32 49 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 42 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 97 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 94 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 79 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 66 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 50 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 30 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 95 98 91 95 80 78 Gender Male Female 61 70 49 49 30 30 18-29 98 91 83 30-39 97 95 79 Age(years) 40-49 96 93 79 50-59 95 91 80 60-69 97 96 75 18-29 69 48 47 30-39 67 52 32 Age(years) 40-49 63 46 24 50-59 66 53 27 60-69 62 48 21 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 43 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 97 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 94 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 79 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be 66 actively involved and start changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred 50 were distributed in a socially just manner. I demand of myself to actively work for the change of society. 30 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 88 97 96 89 94 93 78 78 83 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 96 96 97 94 94 92 84 78 81 Education Low Medium High 46 66 69 42 50 48 38 30 29 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 58 64 67 46 48 52 35 29 33 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 44 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 55 41 40 42 21 40 24 36 20 36 14 37 17 34 Fully agree Somewhat agree 39 51 46 10 3 42 15 3 40 14 4 30 9 30 10 31 13 40 9 32 17 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 45 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 11 35 40 14 12 29 38 21 8 30 46 16 11 26 39 24 10 24 45 21 6 26 48 20 8 22 40 30 7 18 49 26 5 19 46 30 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 46 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 94 97 98 93 96 95 93 95 91 85 98 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 87 95 78 88 89 86 90 82 87 88 90 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 82 82 71 82 84 81 86 84 88 83 79 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) 82 88 82 77 84 85 85 72 83 75 89 makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not 61 67 40 61 61 68 61 55 57 78 65 affected as a result. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 60 55 46 46 64 69 62 64 67 66 68 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low56 47 42 54 52 63 57 55 66 64 62 income earners in particular. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high 51 51 36 46 46 58 57 38 54 61 58 cost to me. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 51 51 36 47 48 53 53 48 50 62 52 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 47 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 46 56 30 56 52 41 44 43 42 55 49 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 41 40 20 37 24 59 41 28 46 52 45 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 38 34 27 35 39 45 33 36 45 44 43 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 37 28 20 33 25 51 36 34 42 58 26 future. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 34 31 15 38 24 38 30 41 32 56 28 to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 32 31 22 31 27 44 31 21 38 41 28 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 30 27 14 26 25 42 34 25 32 37 28 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 25 27 7 25 14 27 20 28 28 42 22 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 24 22 14 31 28 24 15 19 16 42 27 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 48 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 94 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 87 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 82 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) 82 makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not 61 affected as a result. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 60 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low56 income earners in particular. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high 51 cost to me. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate 51 protection requirements. Gender Male Female 92 95 88 87 83 81 83 81 64 60 66 55 62 52 54 49 55 46 18-29 91 90 82 81 63 57 59 55 47 30-39 95 85 85 80 64 62 66 53 53 Age(years) 40-49 95 88 79 85 61 59 55 51 48 50-59 92 88 80 82 60 61 51 48 54 60-69 95 86 85 82 62 64 54 49 50 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 49 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 46 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 41 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 38 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 37 future. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 34 to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 32 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my 30 behaviour. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 25 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to 24 fundamentally change our way of life. Gender Male Female 41 52 44 38 40 37 42 32 38 30 34 31 34 26 28 22 27 20 18-29 48 35 34 31 32 35 29 28 26 30-39 45 42 35 37 35 36 28 22 21 Age(years) 40-49 42 40 40 35 34 30 30 23 21 50-59 45 41 41 42 35 33 28 25 27 60-69 53 44 41 39 35 28 34 27 25 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 50 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Total 94 87 82 82 61 60 56 51 51 Education Low Medium High 92 94 94 90 87 88 80 83 81 83 82 80 70 63 56 77 63 48 67 56 55 63 51 50 62 51 46 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 93 93 94 89 90 84 85 83 79 75 83 82 73 66 56 70 67 51 66 58 54 58 57 44 66 52 46 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 51 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 46 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 41 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 38 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 37 future. If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 34 to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 32 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my 30 behaviour. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 25 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to 24 fundamentally change our way of life. Education Low Medium High 69 47 41 58 41 35 55 38 34 58 37 33 56 34 30 45 31 32 39 29 30 40 25 21 38 22 25 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 59 49 40 52 43 35 42 42 32 51 39 30 46 37 28 35 35 28 33 34 24 27 27 22 28 24 24 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 52 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 55 73 74 55 55 42 50 52 42 42 74 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) 42 43 32 44 47 36 45 35 46 43 55 makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 41 49 38 43 37 33 37 43 37 37 57 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 40 39 26 46 45 28 38 42 44 52 44 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 24 18 16 17 22 23 26 26 32 33 27 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not 21 21 11 27 25 16 21 18 18 30 28 affected as a result. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low20 17 10 22 12 13 19 23 22 29 28 income earners in particular. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 17 16 12 20 15 13 14 13 22 25 24 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high 14 11 8 18 14 14 15 9 16 23 10 cost to me. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 53 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 12 14 6 10 11 13 6 13 11 20 16 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 11 6 future. 9 13- 9 12 15 9 23 10 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 11 10 7 20 8 4 14 10 10 17 10 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 10 6 to do anything at all. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 8 7 2 17 1 7 7 11 12 22 12 2 4 10 11 8 4 9 12 9 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 8 6 4 12 4 7 6 4 12 12 12 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 7 7 1 11 5 4 5 9 5 13 8 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 6 6 2 8 12 4 5 2 5 9 8 5 4 2 8 7 3 4 2 2 9 10 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 54 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 55 Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) 42 makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 41 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 40 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 24 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not 21 affected as a result. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low20 income earners in particular. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate 17 protection requirements. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high 14 cost to me. Gender Male Female 52 58 45 40 44 38 43 38 27 22 24 19 24 16 23 12 17 12 18-29 58 45 47 41 23 22 22 20 16 30-39 52 49 43 48 27 23 25 17 20 Age(years) 40-49 54 44 40 36 24 22 19 15 11 50-59 54 39 42 38 26 22 16 24 12 60-69 56 34 32 37 23 17 16 12 13 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 55 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 12 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 11 future. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 11 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 10 to do anything at all. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my 8 behaviour. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 8 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 7 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 6 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to 5 fundamentally change our way of life. Gender Male Female 12 12 14 8 12 11 12 8 10 6 9 7 7 6 7 4 6 4 18-29 9 13 13 12 11 9 11 7 5 30-39 15 10 12 11 6 10 7 7 5 Age(years) 40-49 11 10 8 10 6 6 6 8 5 50-59 12 12 11 9 7 10 6 5 4 60-69 13 12 14 9 8 6 5 2 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 56 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. Poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it difficult for me to give up my car. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. Total 55 42 41 40 24 21 20 17 14 Education Low Medium High 52 54 57 44 44 36 34 41 40 47 41 34 38 27 14 22 22 20 28 20 17 19 18 14 19 14 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 52 56 55 38 42 44 33 42 42 50 40 35 39 28 17 26 24 17 28 20 19 27 17 17 18 16 11 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 57 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 12 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the 11 future. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 11 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able 10 to do anything at all. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my 8 behaviour. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 8 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 7 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 6 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to 5 fundamentally change our way of life. Education Low Medium High 18 12 9 15 12 9 20 11 10 16 10 8 10 8 7 15 9 5 13 7 6 7 6 5 9 4 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 20 14 7 14 13 9 18 12 9 13 10 9 8 8 6 12 10 5 12 7 6 9 7 4 10 5 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 58 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. I feel a strong connection with nature. The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they have been the main cause of climate change. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 67 30 3 72 25 3 66 31 3 70 27 3 43 49 71 50 40 82 36 51 11 2 36 48 13 3 31 52 15 2 31 46 17 6 22 54 21 3 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 59 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 97 99 100 99 100 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 97 98 100 98 95 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 97 100 100 98 98 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 97 99 99 98 99 I feel a strong connection with nature. 92 96 96 96 95 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 90 97 89 85 92 have been the main cause of climate change. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 87 94 93 88 97 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 84 94 94 83 83 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 83 90 89 87 88 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 77 84 86 81 78 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 76 81 82 83 84 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 95 96 98 96 98 96 95 97 96 96 97 100 88 92 94 90 93 89 81 83 82 82 78 83 81 87 71 74 69 78 76 70 59 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 95 93 98 97 91 95 95 90 98 95 88 96 88 87 92 91 90 80 83 85 93 75 79 88 82 76 88 65 71 79 68 75 80 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 60 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 97 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 97 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 97 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 97 I feel a strong connection with nature. 92 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 90 have been the main cause of climate change. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic 87 damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 84 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the 83 competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 77 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 76 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 96 98 96 97 95 98 96 97 91 93 88 91 84 90 80 87 80 86 75 77 72 78 18-29 96 93 97 93 91 84 88 83 84 81 73 30-39 98 96 97 98 90 88 86 82 82 80 76 Age(years) 40-49 96 98 96 98 92 87 84 83 84 76 72 50-59 97 97 95 95 94 94 88 84 83 75 77 60-69 99 98 97 98 94 96 90 86 84 69 78 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 61 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 97 Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 97 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 97 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 97 I feel a strong connection with nature. 92 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 90 have been the main cause of climate change. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic 87 damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 84 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the 83 competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 77 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 76 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 97 97 97 95 96 97 94 96 97 96 96 98 88 93 90 87 89 93 84 86 91 84 83 85 74 84 85 64 76 78 68 76 74 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 94 98 96 96 97 96 95 97 95 94 97 96 91 92 91 87 90 90 85 90 86 88 85 82 80 83 84 70 77 79 72 75 76 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 62 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 72 83 84 74 74 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 70 81 83 71 73 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 67 72 86 75 77 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 66 78 80 72 65 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 50 53 48 51 51 have been the main cause of climate change. I feel a strong connection with nature. 43 48 48 50 43 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 36 38 47 41 42 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 36 52 48 45 36 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the businesses in the future. 31 33 39 41 30 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 31 38 40 42 34 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 22 25 27 34 33 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 56 75 71 50 68 78 48 63 67 51 70 66 37 52 56 26 37 45 28 31 31 20 31 30 22 28 24 19 18 29 15 11 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 64 66 76 67 53 82 61 52 82 53 53 72 51 55 52 34 44 58 20 39 53 24 31 49 23 32 45 23 29 39 16 29 34 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 63 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 72 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 70 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 67 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 66 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 50 have been the main cause of climate change. I feel a strong connection with nature. 43 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic 36 damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 36 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the 31 competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 31 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 22 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 68 75 68 71 66 67 61 70 53 48 45 40 36 36 31 41 34 29 29 32 23 22 18-29 73 70 70 71 42 36 44 36 36 41 28 30-39 70 73 73 67 45 39 34 41 30 31 24 Age(years) 40-49 71 67 66 59 48 44 33 32 30 30 19 50-59 72 71 64 68 56 48 36 38 34 31 25 60-69 71 66 60 63 60 45 32 32 26 19 15 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 64 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 72 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 70 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 67 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 66 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection because they 50 have been the main cause of climate change. I feel a strong connection with nature. 43 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic 36 damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 36 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the 31 competitiveness of the businesses in the future. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 31 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers 22 great employment opportunities. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 60 73 70 59 70 70 43 68 68 48 65 70 42 50 54 39 43 40 37 36 35 24 37 35 19 31 33 32 30 33 19 24 18 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 64 71 75 60 70 71 56 67 69 53 68 66 47 49 54 43 40 46 37 37 37 26 36 39 26 30 35 28 28 34 20 22 24 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 4 Changing our way of living and doing business Social-ecological transformation 66 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Assessing the need for change • When asked whether a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business is necessary in Serbia, a clear majority answered"Yes, definitely"(58%) or"rather yes"(35%). This contrasts with 5% who(rather) do not think fundamental change is necessary. Attribution of responsibility- Which actors do too little? • 91% of respondents say political parties are doing(much) too little to address climate change. 90% think the same of Serbian local governments and 88% of the national government. 86% of respondents each want more responsibility from trade unions, businesses and local citizens. Non-governmental organisations and the scientific community are less likely to be expected to increase their efforts with 63% and 61%. Social-ecological transformation 67 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Attribution of responsibility- Which actors can contribute most to crisis management? • When it comes to addressing the climate and environmental crisis, the national government(64%) is by far the most frequently cited as one of the three most influential actors. The scientific community ranks second with 43% mentions. Local citizens in their area are considered influential by 38% of respondents, local governments by 35%, businesses by 30% and the European Union, even if Serbia is not a member yet, by 28%. They are followed by NGOs(15%), political parties(14%) and trade unions(3%). Attitudes towards policies • 95% are in favour of providing more financial support to people with low incomes if the costs of electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 60%). Furthermore, 94% believe that politicians should pay much more attention to a socially just shaping of the change in our way of living and doing business(highest level of agreement: 53%). At the same time, 58% feel uneasy about the idea of a fundamental change, as they know from experience that many people will be worse off afterwards than before(highest level of agreement: 18%). • 94% support a more consistent switch to renewable energy(highest approval rating: 49%). Social-ecological transformation 68 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 93% are in favour of support programmes that help businesses to switch to climate-friendly production processes and products(highest approval rating: 52%). 91% think that businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate-neutral(highest approval rating: 44%). 83% think that politicians should exert much more pressure on businesses to achieve climate-friendly production methods(highest approval rating: 42%). Furthermore, 58% believe that politicians in Romania follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely(highest approval rating: 20%). • 86% agree that low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be affected by environmental pollution more than other population groups(highest level of agreement: 52%). • 91% think that, above all, strict and consistent laws are needed to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations(highest level of agreement: 52%). However, 72% also say that there are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business, and that if these were also implemented, we would be on the right track(highest approval rating: 24%). • 45% believe that structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result(highest level of agreement: 12%). 74% however also say that jobs affected by structural change should be preserved as long as possible if there are no suitable alternatives(highest level of agreement: 17%). Social-ecological transformation 69 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection • Mobility: 94% of respondents support a reduction in the price of public transport(highest level of agreement"I fully support": 64%). More charging stations for electric or hybrid vehicles are supported by 88%(highest approval rating: 51%). 86% are in favour of expanding the transport network and the frequency of local public transport(highest approval rating: 48%). 85% support the promotion of electric vehicles(highest approval rating: 49%), 62% support the introduction of a carbon tax on airline tickets(highest approval rating: 26%) and 53% support the introduction of a car toll(so that people who drive a lot also have to pay more)(highest approval rating: 23%). • Energy: 91% of respondents support the construction of more wind turbines(highest approval rating: 61%). 91% are in favour of mandatory solar for public buildings and new private buildings(highest approval rating: 51%) and 88% approve of membership in an energy community as one of the best measures for climate protection. • Technology/innovation/businesses: 94% of respondents are in favour of the development of climate-friendly products and technologies(highest level of agreement: 56%). 91% are in favour of labelling climate-friendly products(highest approval rating: 50%). 78% support the reduction of subsidies harmful to the climate(highest approval rating: 36%) and 67% support making products that are harmful to the climate more expensive(highest approval rating: 28%). Social-ecological transformation 70 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • Education: 97% support an improvement of school education in the field of environmental and climate protection (highest level of agreement: 69%). 92% support training or further training(or retraining) for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future(highest level of support: 58%). • Housing: 96% support state support for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation(highest approval rating: 67%). Likewise, 96% support state subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(highest approval rating: 69%). 96% agree with financial support for cost-efficient heating systems(e.g. heat pumps)(highest approval rating: 63%), and 85% agree with legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(highest approval rating: 46%). Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition • 98% of respondents agree that workers affected by the switch of electricity and heat supply to renewable energy(e.g. job loss) should be supported in retraining for alternative jobs(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 71%). Furthermore, 97% think that the affected employees should be supported financially(compensation payments, severance payments, etc.)(highest level of agreement: 69%). Social-ecological transformation 71 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 97% of respondents think that private households that want to use renewable energy(e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pump) should be financially supported(highest level of agreement: 78%). In addition, 96% agree that the development of energy communities should be supported by the government(highest level of agreement: 65%). • According to 91% of the respondents, regions and municipalities affected by the conversion of electricity and heat supply to renewable energy(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support(highest level of agreement: 56%). Furthermore, 90% think that new industries should be actively established in the affected regions and municipalities(highest level of agreement: 50%). • 94% of respondents believe that citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) in order to help shape the community(highest level of agreement: 58%). • 84% of respondents can imagine taking an active part in shaping their community's energy supply, with 36% saying they could"definitely" imagine doing so. Asked whether they could imagine generating their own energy, 4% say they already do, 75% say they can"definitely" imagine it and 14% say they can"rather" imagine it. Social-ecological transformation 72 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 74% would"approve" of the construction of a solar park in their community if the profits generated by it benefited the community. Another 24% would accept it, 2% would oppose it. The construction of a wind park in their community would be"approved" by 68%. Another 26% would accept it, 6% would oppose it. • Four out of five respondents think the heating transition should be done through more public subsidies for climateneutral technologies and the replacement of heating. On the other hand, 6% support bans and 3% higher prices for oil, gas and coal. 12% of respondents are not in favour of any of the options mentioned. • When asked whether renewable energy has become more important since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, 30% answer"yes, renewable energy has become more important" Another 30% answer with"rather yes" In contrast, 23% answered with"rather no" and 17% with"no, renewable energy has not become more important„. Social-ecological transformation 73 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Serbia? Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Yes Yes, definitely Rather yes No No, not really No, not at all Don't know 58 93 35 41 5 2 Social-ecological transformation 74 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Serbia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 93 95 97 88 95 92 95 91 94 91 99 58 63 64 58 48 50 55 54 58 57 76 35 32 32 30 46 41 40 37 36 34 23 5 3 2 10 1 5 3 6 4 6 1 4 3 2 8 1 5 1 5 3 5 1 1 -- 1-- 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 4 3 2 3 2 3 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 75 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Serbia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total 93 58 35 5 4 1 2 Gender Male Female 93 93 57 59 36 34 5 4 4 4 1 0 2 3 18-29 93 59 34 4 3 1 3 30-39 94 65 29 4 4 2 Age(years) 40-49 93 59 34 4 4 0 2 50-59 95 56 39 4 2 1 2 60-69 91 52 39 6 5 1 3 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 76 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for fundamental change in our way of living and doing business in Serbia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO No, not really No, not at all Don't know Total 93 58 35 5 4 1 2 Education Low Medium High 88 94 93 65 60 51 23 34 42 8 4 5 5 3 4 2 1 1 4 2 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 92 94 94 58 59 58 34 35 35 4 4 4 3 3 4 1 1 0 4 2 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 77 Attribution of responsibility What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? The scientific community Non-governmental organisations (e.g. local environmental movements) European Union TOO LITTLE 61 63 71 Citizens in their area 86 Businesses 86 Government 88 Local government at place of 90 residence(e.g. municipality/city) Trade unions 86 Political parties 91 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 14 18 27 34 36 50 44 40 57 47 45 44 52 50 38 46 46 34 Way too little Too little Just right TOO MUCH 29 41 5 24 62 8 16 43 7 10 10 1 9 10 1 8 11 2 7 10 1 7 10 1 4 11 2 Way too much Too much Don't know 5 5 6 3 4 2 2 6 3 Social-ecological transformation 78 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 1 1 1 2 1 9 5 4 17 15 86 89 92 78 80 1 1- 1 1 7 8 4 13 11 90 90 95 84 85 7 5 4 9 6 16 15 20 21 27 71 74 68 67 63 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 1-- 1 1 8 3 11 7 15 8 86 96 85 81 78 90 2- 0 1- 4 8 5 7 3 11 1 90 95 88 89 86 95 6 6 11 17 12 9 71 77 76 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 8 6 4 15 18 14 68 67 77 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 79 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 2 1- 5 1 3 2 3 2 3 8 14 4 13 10 8 3 12 7 8 6 88 81 96 81 85 88 95 83 87 87 93 1 2- 4- 1 1 3 2 1 2 10 8 8 12 9 11 6 11 8 17 7 86 89 90 84 90 85 91 83 83 77 90 1 2 1 1 1 7 3 5 14 12 86 89 89 79 78 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists 0 1 3 9 4 9 86 93 80 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 2 1 4 3 10 3 90 84 84 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 80 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Total EST INT PER COS 2 2 1 3 4 2- 8 12 91 93 96 87 83 8 10 6 11 7 24 18 30 23 38 63 67 61 63 47 5 3 4 7 3 29 32 27 32 34 61 62 62 56 56 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 2- 3 4 4 1 2 2 3 3 10 91 97 90 90 83 95 9 8 14 6 4 5 17 21 24 25 26 29 67 66 59 62 64 61 7 2 6 29 30 21 59 63 68 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 5 8 4 21 32 28 69 58 62 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 81 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 1 9 86 1 7 90 7 16 71 Gender Male Female 1 1 11 8 86 86 1 1 8 7 89 90 9 4 18 15 70 72 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 3 0- 1 10 9 10 8 9 79 86 86 89 88 3 0 1 1 9 7 6 6 7 85 91 90 92 91 6 4 7 21 14 17 66 74 71 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 6 9 15 15 73 72 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 82 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 2 8 88 1 10 86 1 7 86 Gender Male Female 3 1 8 8 87 88 2 2 11 8 84 87 2 1 8 6 86 86 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 3 1 2 2 3 4 6 9 8 15 91 91 87 89 81 3 1 1 1 3 10 10 12 11 6 85 86 85 84 88 3 1 1 6 5 10 81 86 85 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 0 2 6 8 91 85 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 83 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Total Political parties Way too much/too much 2 Just right 4 Too little/way too little 91 Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much 8 Just right 24 Too little/way too little 63 The scientific community Way too much/too much 5 Just right 29 Too little/way too little 61 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 3 1 4 3 90 92 10 6 24 24 63 63 6 4 29 28 61 63 18-29 2 6 87 8 35 52 7 32 54 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 0 3 2 4 2 5 4 3 94 89 93 91 6 9 8 9 20 21 20 24 66 65 68 63 3 6 4 6 30 27 21 33 61 64 72 58 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 84 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Total Businesses Way too much/too much 1 Just right 9 Too little/way too little 86 Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much 1 Just right 7 Too little/way too little 90 European Union Way too much/too much 7 Just right 16 Too little/way too little 71 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 6 0 0 12 9 9 75 86 88 6 1 0 1 7 9 88 90 90 9 6 9 13 17 17 72 72 70 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 2 0 1 11 9 10 78 87 86 1 1 1 10 6 7 84 91 90 8 7 7 16 17 16 69 72 72 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 85 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 2 8 88 1 10 86 1 7 86 Education Low Medium High 6 2 2 10 8 10 79 88 88 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 5 2 2 12 10 6 81 87 90 4 2 2 2 10 10 86 85 87 2 2 2 12 10 9 80 86 87 2 1 2 7 6 9 80 87 85 6 1 2 8 6 9 78 88 85 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 86 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 2 4 91 8 24 63 5 29 61 Education Low Medium High 5 2 2 8 4 4 82 91 92 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 3 2 2 8 3 3 82 92 93 7 7 11 13 26 20 72 62 64 9 7 9 17 24 25 70 65 60 5 5 5 12 29 29 74 61 63 4 4 5 33 28 30 59 64 60 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 87 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three parties you regard as being most influential. Government The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses European Union Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Political parties Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 64 43 38 35 30 28 15 14 3 1 Social-ecological transformation 88 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three parties you regard as being most influential. Government The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses European Union Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Political parties Trade unions None of them Total EST INT PER COS 64 72 70 59 56 43 43 48 40 42 38 37 35 42 45 35 38 40 29 36 30 30 29 34 28 28 28 31 30 25 15 8 18 15 24 14 13 8 21 20 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 1- 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 61 71 63 61 63 57 44 49 37 36 49 40 38 31 46 39 31 41 28 36 32 40 36 34 33 36 27 29 26 21 31 26 19 28 32 30 13 13 13 14 15 25 15 13 13 12 12 16 3 2 2 5 6 2 2 1 5 1 2 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 89 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three parties you regard as being most influential. Government The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses European Union Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Political parties Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 43 38 35 30 28 15 14 3 1 Gender Male Female 63 65 46 40 37 39 30 40 31 29 33 23 11 19 15 13 4 2 1 2 18-29 56 41 43 31 26 26 21 18 5 1 30-39 60 36 47 30 32 26 16 15 3 1 Age(years) 40-49 67 44 38 31 28 28 14 16 3 1 50-59 67 46 29 40 30 31 12 11 2 2 60-69 69 47 33 42 33 29 12 11 2 1 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 90 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please state up to three parties you regard as being most influential. Government The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Businesses European Union Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Political parties Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 43 38 35 30 28 15 14 3 1 Education Low Medium High 46 64 68 25 43 46 39 38 37 39 34 38 28 29 32 20 28 30 12 16 13 21 14 12 7 3 1 4 1 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 50 68 61 36 42 46 33 36 40 33 35 37 18 30 30 24 32 30 22 14 13 16 14 13 6 2 4 3 1 1 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? People with low income should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life is socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, building on green spaces) than other population groups. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 91 60 49 53 52 52 44 52 Fully agree Somewhat agree 35 41 45 51 41 51 41 52 39 72 47 72 34 9 5 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 92 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take into account the specifics of Serbia. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 42 41 14 3 43 35 17 5 17 57 23 3 24 48 24 4 20 38 29 13 18 40 35 7 12 33 44 11 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 93 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 95 97 94 94 98 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 94 95 95 96 100 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 94 96 94 96 96 is socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 93 95 96 93 92 processes and products. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 91 93 92 88 92 above all, strict and consistent laws. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 91 94 95 93 94 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 86 90 93 85 80 than other population groups. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 92 96 95 98 93 95 95 95 90 94 87 95 94 97 92 93 86 99 95 94 89 95 88 95 92 97 88 87 90 98 91 98 87 88 83 95 83 92 85 88 76 88 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 94 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 83 87 91 80 82 87 87 72 80 75 91 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 78 83 54 76 86 75 84 81 84 82 74 into account the specifics of Serbia. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 74 81 62 79 69 74 74 74 74 77 66 maintained for as long as possible. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 72 77 63 84 56 68 75 66 70 73 76 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 58 61 61 57 57 52 58 54 59 58 59 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 58 54 41 52 48 57 57 62 61 75 66 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 45 48 64 49 45 39 38 39 37 49 47 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 95 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 94 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 94 is socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 93 processes and products. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 91 above all, strict and consistent laws. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 91 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 86 than other population groups. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 95 95 93 95 94 94 92 94 90 93 90 94 84 88 95 18-29 94 96 94 89 89 91 84 30-39 95 Age(years) 40-49 95 50-59 93 94 96 92 92 94 97 93 94 95 90 93 92 89 89 94 82 85 89 60-69 98 92 94 95 94 95 92 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians would have to exert much stronger pressure on businesses to achieve climate83 friendly production methods. It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 78 into account the specifics of Serbia. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 74 maintained for as long as possible. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 72 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 58 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 58 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 45 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 82 84 73 83 75 72 71 73 59 56 59 57 48 41 96 18-29 77 75 72 65 58 56 47 30-39 81 Age(years) 40-49 78 50-59 89 79 76 83 74 72 76 69 75 70 58 55 64 59 57 56 43 45 44 60-69 89 78 75 79 53 61 45 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 97 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 95 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 94 Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 94 is socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 93 processes and products. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 91 above all, strict and consistent laws. The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 91 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, building on green spaces) than 86 other population groups. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 92 95 94 97 94 92 90 93 98 96 92 95 88 91 94 93 91 93 81 86 88 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 88 97 95 95 94 94 95 93 96 94 94 93 87 92 92 91 92 90 88 86 87 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 98 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians would have to exert much stronger pressure on businesses to achieve climate83 friendly production methods. It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 78 into account the specifics of Serbia. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 74 maintained for as long as possible. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 72 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 58 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 58 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 45 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 85 82 86 84 78 75 82 74 71 67 71 75 60 59 52 79 58 53 38 44 49 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 78 85 84 81 78 75 71 77 70 71 73 72 59 57 58 68 59 54 41 45 46 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 99 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 60 64 60 58 59 41 69 64 66 53 76 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 53 50 55 53 58 40 60 56 52 46 70 is socially just. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 52 59 59 57 45 34 60 53 48 44 70 above all, strict and consistent laws. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 52 55 64 63 64 35 54 45 48 44 62 processes and products. Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 52 62 60 54 42 36 56 57 53 46 56 than other population groups. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 49 45 58 60 54 43 50 37 40 47 70 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 44 41 51 51 48 32 49 43 37 35 66 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 100 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 43 50 30 46 35 25 50 51 46 52 40 into account the specifics of Serbia. Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate compatible production methods. 42 41 54 45 44 31 49 35 35 35 58 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 24 25 20 34 17 13 26 22 22 24 34 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 20 21 22 27 12 13 16 19 23 20 22 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 18 13 11 20 9 15 14 18 24 28 26 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 17 18 16 25 9 12 16 11 16 26 16 maintained for as long as possible. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 7 16 19 8 10 11 10 10 20 15 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 60 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 53 is socially just. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 52 above all, strict and consistent laws. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 52 processes and products. Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 52 than other population groups. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 49 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 44 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 61 60 54 53 51 54 49 55 48 56 48 50 43 46 101 18-29 61 52 50 51 49 48 42 30-39 67 Age(years) 40-49 55 50-59 62 51 56 57 52 50 55 58 48 54 49 48 55 52 48 51 45 42 47 60-69 58 50 55 50 60 48 46 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 43 into account the specifics of Serbia. Politicians would have to exert much stronger pressure on businesses to achieve climate42 friendly production methods. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 24 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 20 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 18 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 17 maintained for as long as possible. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 42 44 42 42 23 24 21 18 20 16 19 15 14 11 102 18-29 41 40 23 26 23 22 13 30-39 46 Age(years) 40-49 43 50-59 46 42 40 46 26 21 25 22 20 22 16 18 17 17 15 18 13 11 15 60-69 40 40 24 10 16 13 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 103 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and 60 heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. Politicians must work harder to ensure the structuring of our economic system and way of life 53 is socially just. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, 52 above all, strict and consistent laws. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production 52 processes and products. Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 52 than other population groups. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 49 The businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 44 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 53 63 55 52 53 54 60 52 52 40 52 56 57 51 54 43 49 51 40 45 44 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 58 65 57 52 52 56 46 54 53 51 50 54 49 52 56 48 47 53 44 42 46 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 104 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does insufficiently take 43 into account the specifics of Serbia. Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate 42 compatible production methods. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing 24 business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 20 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know 18 from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be 17 maintained for as long as possible. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 49 45 37 36 42 41 23 24 23 20 21 17 36 18 16 19 18 13 19 13 10 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 41 44 41 36 38 47 28 24 22 20 20 21 23 18 18 19 17 16 18 12 11 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 105 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 6 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 12 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public 14 transport Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 15 Carbon tax on airline tickets 38 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to 47 pay more Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 12 18 15 48 2 12 5 10 26 29 30 64 94 37 51 88 38 48 86 36 49 85 36 26 62 30 23 53 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Social-ecological transformation 106 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Opposition 9 9 12 6 9 22 33 Support 36 27 2 10 30 40 48 61 91 51 91 40 88 24 27 5 17 9 24 38 56 94 41 50 91 42 36 78 39 28 67 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Social-ecological transformation 107 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and 3 climate protection Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs 8 that will no longer be needed in the future HOUSING State subsidies for private households if they use renewable 4 energy(for heating, electricity generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems 4 (e.g. heat pump) State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal 4 insulation Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household 15 appliances(e.g. energy class refrigerator) Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 12 28 26 34 69 97 58 92 13 13 13 4 11 27 33 29 39 69 96 63 96 67 96 46 85 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Social-ecological transformation 108 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Carbon tax on airline tickets Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 94 92 96 93 95 93 94 94 96 90 93 88 92 93 87 95 89 88 84 86 84 93 86 85 85 87 87 86 93 80 85 84 86 85 91 88 81 89 88 87 73 80 80 92 62 66 68 61 72 58 60 59 56 58 61 53 57 64 57 60 50 49 49 44 57 56 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 109 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Total Gender Male Female 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 Reduce public transport fares 94 93 94 92 94 96 96 89 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 88 87 90 86 86 88 91 91 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 86 87 85 85 85 87 86 87 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 85 83 87 85 82 83 84 90 Carbon tax on airline tickets 62 61 61 55 59 61 64 66 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 53 54 53 46 53 53 57 59 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 110 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Total Education Low Medium High Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) Reduce public transport fares 94 93 94 92 96 95 92 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 88 85 88 92 87 90 87 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 86 75 86 88 78 86 87 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 85 83 84 87 81 87 84 Carbon tax on airline tickets 62 56 62 59 61 62 60 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 53 61 53 55 56 53 56 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 111 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Reduce public transport fares Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 47 43 36 43 40 50 51 51 56 43 44 38 34 32 39 28 42 40 41 44 42 39 15 9 12 19 11 12 13 27 20 20 8 14 15 15 13 13 14 7 20 15 16 14 12 8 7 13 5 11 12 16 14 16 7 6 8 4 7 5 7 6 6 4 10 7 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 112 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Total Gender Male Female 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 47 46 47 54 47 47 43 41 Carbon tax on airline tickets 38 39 39 45 41 39 36 34 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 15 17 13 15 18 17 16 10 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 14 13 15 15 15 13 14 13 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 12 13 10 14 14 12 9 9 Reduce public transport fares 6 7 6 8 6 4 4 11 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 113 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Reduce public transport fares Total 47 38 15 14 12 6 Education Low Medium High 39 47 45 44 38 41 17 16 13 25 14 12 15 12 8 7 6 8 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 44 47 44 39 38 40 19 13 16 22 14 13 13 10 13 4 5 8 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 114 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 91 92 96 92 93 92 90 82 96 87 93 91 95 95 91 97 94 94 88 84 82 91 88 95 96 86 90 90 85 81 87 84 91 94 99 99 93 97 95 97 92 91 90 93 91 94 91 91 95 88 94 86 87 86 92 78 84 82 82 75 74 74 71 76 77 79 67 74 80 66 70 65 71 63 63 57 72 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 115 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total 91 91 88 94 91 78 67 Gender Male Female 89 93 90 92 87 90 93 96 88 92 78 78 66 69 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 88 92 93 91 92 92 88 90 90 94 83 82 93 92 91 90 94 95 96 97 89 89 91 90 92 75 75 77 80 81 59 61 70 72 76 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 116 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total 91 91 88 94 91 78 67 Education Low Medium High 83 92 92 89 90 93 82 88 90 91 94 96 91 90 92 79 78 77 65 66 74 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 88 91 91 82 92 92 82 88 90 93 97 93 90 89 91 73 77 80 60 69 69 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 117 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 12 5 9 8 9 5 4 14 10 10 15 19 13 16 9 4 8 7 8 10 18 4 13 7 5 9 3 6 6 12 16 18 9 33 26 20 34 30 35 29 37 37 43 28 22 16 18 18 25 26 26 29 24 23 21 9 6 9 9 5 12 6 14 13 14 8 6 1 1 7 3 5 3 8 9 10 7 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 118 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total 12 9 9 33 22 9 6 Gender Male Female 13 10 11 7 10 8 34 31 22 22 12 8 7 4 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 17 18 7 8 9 12 8 7 9 8 8 12 10 10 6 41 39 30 28 24 25 25 23 20 19 11 11 9 10 8 10 6 5 4 3 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 119 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total 12 9 9 33 22 9 6 Education Low Medium High 18 12 10 17 8 8 11 10 7 35 34 26 21 22 23 9 10 8 9 6 4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 18 12 10 12 9 9 18 8 8 40 31 31 27 23 20 10 11 9 7 3 7 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 120 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 97 99 99 97 98 96 98 96 97 94 97 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 92 94 96 90 93 94 93 90 92 88 93 in the future HOUSING State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 96 98 100 97 96 94 98 92 98 91 98 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 96 99 100 97 95 95 98 89 93 93 95 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy class refrigerator) 96 98 95 95 100 94 99 96 98 93 98 85 89 91 83 89 86 90 81 79 80 82 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 121 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 97 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 92 in the future HOUSING State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 96 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 96 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 96 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy 85 class refrigerator) Gender Male Female 96 98 92 92 96 97 95 96 95 98 83 87 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 97 98 96 98 96 88 91 94 96 92 95 96 95 98 97 95 94 96 96 96 93 95 96 99 99 79 82 87 86 89 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 122 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 97 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 92 in the future HOUSING State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 96 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 96 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 96 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy 85 class refrigerator) Education Low Medium High 94 98 96 92 92 93 98 96 97 96 95 99 96 96 98 74 85 88 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 94 98 96 87 94 92 93 98 95 87 96 97 94 98 95 80 86 84 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 123 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 8 6 4 10 7 6 7 10 8 12 7 in the future Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 3 1 1 3 2 4 2 4 3 6 3 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy 15 11 9 17 11 14 10 19 21 20 18 class refrigerator) State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 4 2- 3 4 6 2 8 2 9 2 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 4 1- 3 5 5 2 11 7 7 5 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 4 2 5 5- 6 1 4 2 7 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 124 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 8 in the future Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 3 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy 15 class refrigerator) State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 4 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 4 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 4 Gender Male Female 8 8 4 2 17 13 4 3 5 4 5 2 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 12 9 6 4 8 3 2 4 2 4 21 18 13 14 11 5 4 5 2 3 5 6 4 4 4 7 5 4 1 1 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 125 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed 8 in the future Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 3 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(e.g. energy 15 class refrigerator) State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity 4 generation) Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 4 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 4 Education Low Medium High 8 8 7 6 2 4 26 15 12 2 4 3 4 5 1 4 4 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 13 6 8 6 2 4 20 14 16 7 2 5 13 4 3 6 2 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 126 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance payments, etc. ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 71 69 78 65 58 56 50 Fully agree Somewhat agree 27 2 28 3 19 3 31 31 36 51 35 72 40 82 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Social-ecological transformation 127 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 98 98 100 98 100 95 99 97 98 95 100 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 97 99 97 95 95 95 99 99 98 97 97 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 97 100 100 96 95 96 99 92 99 93 97 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 96 99 99 96 100 94 98 95 97 91 98 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 94 95 93 95 90 94 96 95 93 90 95 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 91 98 93 89 90 90 92 84 91 90 95 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 90 89 96 88 89 95 93 87 92 83 91 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 128 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards 98 alternative jobs. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as 97 compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 97 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 96 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning 94 advisory boards) to help shape the community. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 91 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 90 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Gender Male Female 98 98 97 98 96 97 96 97 93 94 90 92 88 93 18-29 98 93 91 94 91 89 84 30-39 98 98 98 95 92 91 87 Age(years) 40-49 98 98 98 99 94 93 94 50-59 99 99 98 97 97 94 94 60-69 97 99 98 98 95 90 92 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 129 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards 98 alternative jobs. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as 97 compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 97 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 96 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning 94 advisory boards) to help shape the community. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 91 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 90 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Education Low Medium High 97 98 98 95 97 98 94 96 98 94 96 97 90 93 96 78 91 94 84 90 93 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 99 98 97 97 98 96 95 98 96 94 97 96 92 95 93 90 91 91 84 91 91 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 130 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 78 82 83 81 81 65 86 74 79 68 86 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 71 73 79 80 77 59 80 70 63 56 85 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 69 70 73 69 70 59 72 69 72 62 82 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 65 74 74 74 68 54 67 66 55 54 79 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 58 60 66 71 53 46 57 56 52 54 73 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 56 63 56 66 58 45 63 50 47 49 72 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 50 51 65 56 39 43 53 44 45 44 62 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 131 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 78 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards 71 alternative jobs. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as 69 compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 65 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning 58 advisory boards) to help shape the community. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 56 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 50 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Gender Male Female 78 78 69 74 67 71 66 66 61 56 53 60 49 51 18-29 70 70 66 61 54 51 44 30-39 81 74 70 65 62 58 51 Age(years) 40-49 76 72 72 67 53 59 53 50-59 78 75 74 68 62 61 53 60-69 84 65 65 68 61 52 51 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 132 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating 78 or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards 71 alternative jobs. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as 69 compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their 65 energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning 58 advisory boards) to help shape the community. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive 56 financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal 50 mining, natural gas, oil regions). Education Low Medium High 64 79 79 68 72 69 62 70 66 56 67 63 54 59 57 40 56 61 34 49 57 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 74 78 80 72 73 70 67 73 67 69 64 69 50 60 60 50 56 60 48 48 54 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 133 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine being actively involved in shaping your community‘s energy supply? 12 4 36 48 84 Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Could you imagine generating your own energy? 434 14 75 93 I already generate my own energy Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all How would you evaluate the construction of a solar or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar park 2 24 Wind park 6 26 74 68 I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Social-ecological transformation 134 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 84 94 88 88 88 85 76 87 73 77 95 36 37 35 54 36 25 30 36 20 40 49 48 56 53 34 52 60 46 50 53 38 46 16 6 12 12 12 15 24 13 27 23 5 12 6 8 11 10 12 14 9 19 16 5 4 - 3 1 3 3 10 4 8 6 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 135 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 84 36 48 16 12 4 Gender Male Female 87 82 40 31 47 51 13 18 10 13 3 5 18-29 82 37 46 18 16 2 30-39 83 40 43 17 12 4 Age(years) 40-49 88 38 50 12 8 4 50-59 88 35 53 12 9 3 60-69 81 28 52 19 13 6 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 136 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 84 36 48 16 12 4 Education Low Medium High 78 84 86 31 34 40 47 50 46 22 16 14 19 12 10 3 4 4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 82 84 89 30 33 43 52 51 45 18 16 11 15 12 9 3 4 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 137 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I already generate my own energy Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 89 92 88 92 89 94 89 88 87 82 92 75 76 79 80 80 76 71 78 73 67 82 14 16 9 12 9 18 19 11 15 14 10 7 4 5 5 5 5 10 6 11 9 2 4 2 4 4 5 4 2 4 6 4 1 3 2 1 1- 1 8 2 5 5 2 4 4 8 4 6 1 1 6 2 9 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 138 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I already generate my own energy Total 89 75 14 7 4 3 4 Gender Male Female 89 89 78 73 11 16 6 8 3 4 2 4 5 3 18-29 84 68 16 8 6 2 8 30-39 89 78 11 7 4 2 4 Age(years) 40-49 92 82 10 5 4 2 2 50-59 92 76 16 5 2 4 3 60-69 88 72 17 8 2 6 4 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 139 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I already generate my own energy Total 89 75 14 7 4 3 4 Education Low Medium High 92 90 87 73 76 76 19 14 12 3 7 6 3 4 3 - 3 3 4 3 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 88 91 89 69 75 79 19 16 10 7 7 6 6 3 3 1 4 3 5 2 6 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 140 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 74 72 84 75 85 74 72 67 65 67 87 24 28 16 21 12 24 26 30 32 28 13 2 -- 4 2 2 3 4 2 4 68 71 72 74 75 67 66 57 62 65 74 26 27 24 20 22 29 25 33 34 25 23 6 2 4 6 3 5 9 10 4 10 2 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 141 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 74 24 2 68 26 6 Gender Male Female 79 68 18 30 3 2 71 65 23 30 7 5 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 73 77 75 72 71 22 20 23 26 28 4 3 2 2 1 64 74 70 65 66 27 22 25 30 29 9 4 5 5 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 142 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 74 24 2 68 26 6 Education Low Medium High 61 74 74 34 23 24 5 2 2 63 67 72 34 27 22 3 6 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 75 69 81 22 28 17 3 3 2 69 64 74 26 30 21 6 7 5 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 143 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral 79 technologies and heating replacement Through bans 6 Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal 3 None of the above options, there are alternatives 12 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Social-ecological transformation 144 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 79 83 84 74 90 82 81 65 80 70 87 6 5 5 7 6 5 1 8 5 11 6 3 4 4 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 3 12 8 7 16 2 10 16 25 13 18 4 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 145 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 79 6 3 12 Gender Male Female 76 81 7 5 3 2 14 12 18-29 67 11 6 16 30-39 78 8 3 12 Age(years) 40-49 80 3 2 14 50-59 84 3 2 11 60-69 84 4 1 10 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 146 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 79 6 3 12 Education Low Medium High 63 79 83 16 6 4 6 3 2 15 13 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 66 81 80 6 4 6 9 2 3 19 12 11 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 147 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? Yes Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes No Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important 30 60 30 23 40 17 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Social-ecological transformation 148 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 60 64 64 60 66 59 59 50 56 57 69 30 32 32 31 34 29 32 22 23 32 33 30 32 32 29 32 30 27 28 32 25 36 40 36 36 40 34 41 41 50 44 43 31 23 22 23 17 21 28 22 22 25 25 24 17 13 13 23 13 13 19 28 19 17 7 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 149 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total 60 30 30 40 23 17 Gender Male Female 62 58 33 27 29 31 38 42 20 26 18 16 18-29 65 32 33 35 23 13 30-39 62 34 28 38 21 17 Age(years) 40-49 58 30 28 42 23 20 50-59 58 27 31 42 26 16 60-69 58 27 31 42 24 18 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 150 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Has renewable energy(solar, wind, etc.) become more important for you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewable energy has become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewable energy has not become more important Total 60 30 30 40 23 17 Education Low Medium High 65 62 52 30 31 28 35 31 24 35 38 48 19 23 26 17 15 22 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 70 58 61 36 27 34 34 31 27 30 42 39 15 25 22 15 17 17 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 5 Interest in information and level of knowledge Social-ecological transformation 152 Main findings Interest in information and level of knowledge Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change • 81% of respondents express a fundamental interest in the topic of climate change. 33% are"very" interested. Less interest was expressed by 16% and no interest at all by 3%. • 63% rate their level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(e.g. forest dieback, biodiversity, etc.) as(rather) high. However, only 7% rate their level of knowledge as"very high„. A(rather) low level of knowledge is attested by 37%, with 2% saying they know very little. Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies • Only 4% of respondents feel"very well" informed about policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally friendly economy. 30% feel"rather well" informed. This compares to 60% who feel"rather not well" informed and 6% who feel"not at all well" informed. • 84% of respondents think that policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally friendly economy are insufficiently explained and clarified. Only 16% disagree. Social-ecological transformation 153 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? Interest I am very interested in it I am rather interested 33 81 48 How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? High Very high Rather high 7 56 63 No interest I am less interested I am not interested in it at all 16 19 Low 3 Rather low Very low 35 37 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Social-ecological transformation 154 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 81 88 95 77 84 83 87 78 63 69 92 33 48 40 42 25 19 30 31 25 23 52 48 40 55 35 59 64 57 47 38 46 39 19 12 5 23 16 17 13 22 37 31 8 16 11 5 21 15 16 10 19 32 25 6 3 1- 2 1 1 3 3 5 6 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 155 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 81 33 48 19 16 3 Gender Male Female 79 83 34 33 45 50 21 17 17 16 4 2 18-29 83 33 50 17 14 3 30-39 80 34 45 20 19 2 Age(years) 40-49 83 34 49 17 16 2 50-59 84 34 50 16 13 2 60-69 75 31 44 25 21 4 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 156 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 81 33 48 19 16 3 Education Low Medium High 76 80 84 30 32 37 46 48 48 24 20 16 17 17 14 6 3 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 75 82 83 28 30 40 47 53 43 25 18 17 20 15 16 4 3 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 157 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 63 73 65 64 58 54 60 61 52 66 80 7 6 4 12 8 11 3 2 4 11 12 56 67 61 52 49 43 58 58 48 55 68 37 27 35 36 42 46 40 39 48 34 20 35 26 35 34 41 45 34 37 47 30 18 2 1- 2 1 1 5 2 1 3 3 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 158 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 63 7 56 37 35 2 Gender Male Female 70 57 9 6 61 51 30 43 29 41 2 2 18-29 63 10 53 37 34 3 30-39 52 7 45 48 46 2 Age(years) 40-49 64 8 56 36 33 3 50-59 66 4 61 34 34 0 60-69 70 6 63 30 29 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 159 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate change How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 63 7 56 37 35 2 Education Low Medium High 53 63 65 9 6 10 44 57 56 47 37 35 46 35 34 1 2 1 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 64 64 64 10 7 8 54 57 56 36 36 36 30 35 35 6 2 1 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 160 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? Well Very well informed Somewhat informed Not well Not very well informed Not informed at all Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Yes 4 Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified 30 34 Somewhat, yes No Rather no 60 66 No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified 6 2 14 16 50 84 34 Social-ecological transformation 161 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 34 44 36 41 33 37 28 28 21 38 40 4 7 4 4 4 3 1 2 1 7 4 30 36 32 38 29 34 27 25 20 30 36 66 56 64 59 67 63 72 72 79 62 60 60 53 60 50 62 57 64 70 68 58 57 6 3 4 8 6 6 8 3 11 4 3 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 162 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 34 4 30 66 60 6 Gender Male Female 42 28 4 3 37 24 58 72 53 67 6 6 18-29 33 5 29 67 60 7 30-39 27 2 25 73 67 6 Age(years) 40-49 38 5 33 62 56 6 50-59 34 2 32 66 63 3 60-69 40 5 35 60 54 6 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 163 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 34 4 30 66 60 6 Education Low Medium High 32 33 41 2 3 6 31 30 35 68 67 59 53 62 54 14 5 5 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 35 36 34 2 4 4 33 33 30 65 64 66 52 58 62 12 5 4 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 164 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 16 18 7 22 13 19 9 13 7 23 21 2 1- 4 4 1 1 3 1 3 3 14 17 7 18 10 19 8 9 6 20 18 84 82 93 78 87 81 91 87 93 77 79 50 56 58 43 60 53 45 54 53 48 41 34 25 35 35 27 28 46 34 40 28 38 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 165 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total 16 2 14 84 50 34 Gender Male Female 17 14 2 2 15 12 83 86 50 52 33 34 18-29 21 3 18 79 54 25 30-39 15 2 13 85 46 39 Age(years) 40-49 14 1 12 86 49 38 50-59 14 1 13 86 54 32 60-69 15 3 12 85 52 34 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 166 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained and clarified? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained and clarified Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained and clarified Total 16 2 14 84 50 34 Education Low Medium High 22 15 16 9 1 2 14 14 13 78 85 84 40 51 53 38 34 32 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 22 15 17 1 2 2 20 13 14 78 85 83 40 55 50 38 30 34 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 6 Appendix: Communication Social-ecological transformation 168 Topic interest in general Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Holiday, Travel Environment and nature Family, children and child education Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Nutrition Food and drink Garden and plants Wildlife, animals and pets Science and technology Sport Psychology, spirituality, well-being Current affairs Decoration and Furniture Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 66 62 61 57 51 50 48 43 43 38 38 36 35 33 Computers, computer games Business, professions Sustainable consumption Information from the region, regional news Fashion Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Consumer electronics, television Photography, filming Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities 31 28 27 26 26 24 24 22 21 18 17 12 9 Social-ecological transformation 169 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Holiday, Travel Environment and nature Family, children and child education Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Nutrition Food and drink Garden and plants Wildlife, animals and pets Science and technology Sport Psychology, spirituality, well-being Current affairs Decoration and Furniture Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 66 75 68 63 74 62 63 63 64 65 61 68 79 51 53 57 63 59 57 44 51 49 65 48 45 50 56 60 50 63 48 55 50 50 45 43 47 52 42 32 43 40 58 38 34 38 41 46 44 40 38 39 43 41 40 36 40 51 36 40 35 35 46 32 37 33 31 42 35 35 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 64 67 67 61 68 56 58 66 67 52 62 61 42 62 44 49 44 54 45 46 45 41 46 43 39 40 51 42 37 36 38 40 32 28 32 43 34 32 34 31 31 36 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 64 58 72 51 66 64 51 50 69 57 48 58 50 47 54 44 36 50 44 39 59 43 35 45 46 34 49 23 33 44 31 38 43 29 26 44 37 23 51 26 29 38 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 170 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Computers, computer games Business, professions Sustainable consumption Information from the region, regional news Fashion Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Consumer electronics, television Photography, filming Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 31 28 36 36 27 35 25 30 22 33 42 28 32 25 32 32 25 25 25 29 23 33 27 29 40 28 25 17 28 29 24 21 39 26 26 32 26 34 20 24 23 29 19 32 26 31 31 30 38 31 19 23 16 21 29 24 29 30 24 37 22 20 24 12 24 25 24 23 19 37 18 22 19 16 21 31 34 22 17 22 31 12 23 17 20 16 24 38 21 18 26 26 29 18 20 16 16 22 28 18 16 20 30 16 19 15 13 11 20 20 17 17 22 26 22 15 7 10 12 17 28 12 12 17 10 20 11 11 9 6 14 19 9 10 8 10 15 9 7 5 7 11 15 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 171 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Holiday, Travel environment and nature Family, children and child education Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Nutrition Food and drink Garden and plants Wildlife, animals and pets Science and technology Sport Psychology, spirituality, well-being Current affairs Decoration and Furniture Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 66 62 61 57 51 50 48 43 43 38 38 36 35 33 Gender Male Female 57 76 57 67 60 62 52 61 49 53 43 56 45 50 33 53 40 45 50 27 53 24 28 44 38 32 20 46 18-29 62 61 54 42 49 46 52 32 42 44 42 43 31 35 30-39 60 59 59 63 44 44 51 41 47 33 31 36 28 30 Age(years) 40-49 65 66 61 61 53 50 48 43 42 45 44 32 38 33 50-59 67 66 65 54 50 46 46 46 42 38 36 35 38 33 60-69 78 58 66 62 57 60 41 52 43 32 39 34 40 34 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 172 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Computers, computer games Business, professions Sustainable consumption Information from the region, regional news Fashion Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Consumer electronics, television Photography, filming Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 31 28 27 26 26 24 24 22 21 18 17 12 9 Gender Male Female 44 19 30 26 26 28 29 22 12 40 6 40 38 10 31 14 21 22 28 8 19 15 7 17 8 10 18-29 33 25 26 23 34 37 25 21 27 25 25 16 16 30-39 32 30 25 18 26 29 27 23 18 22 18 10 10 Age(years) 40-49 36 32 28 28 24 19 26 27 22 19 16 15 8 50-59 26 28 27 30 20 18 25 23 18 15 14 12 7 60-69 30 24 30 29 26 17 18 17 20 10 12 9 5 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 173 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Holiday, Travel environment and nature Family, children and child education Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Nutrition Food and drink Garden and plants Wildlife, animals and pets Science and technology Sport Psychology, spirituality, well-being Current affairs Decoration and Furniture Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 66 62 61 57 51 50 48 43 43 38 38 36 35 33 Education Low Medium High 56 66 70 35 63 64 52 61 65 55 55 62 24 50 57 44 48 58 39 48 50 45 43 44 36 44 42 22 38 42 23 38 41 27 35 40 21 34 44 22 32 38 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 64 66 67 44 60 66 51 61 64 56 56 60 45 52 50 42 49 51 42 44 51 46 44 42 50 43 40 33 38 44 32 37 45 42 32 37 23 38 37 21 31 36 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 174 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Computers, computer games Business, professions Sustainable consumption Information from the region, regional news Fashion Cosmetics and Beauty Cars, motorbikes Consumer electronics, television Photography, filming Technology and gaming Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 31 28 27 26 26 24 24 22 21 18 17 12 9 Education Low Medium High 27 32 28 19 27 32 24 27 29 21 26 27 16 25 31 18 23 26 20 25 22 17 24 19 17 22 21 11 19 15 14 16 20 6 12 15 7 10 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 34 32 33 18 28 31 20 28 30 16 26 31 18 26 27 15 25 21 19 23 28 21 22 24 22 21 20 18 17 21 9 17 20 8 12 12 7 10 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 175 Consumer interests For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Clothing/Fashion Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Coffee/tea Cosmetics/Perfume Delicatessen- high quality food Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Donations for charitable purposes Bicycle Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 54 29 22 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 (Wrist)Watches Beer High-end hi-fi equipment Antiques High quality jewellery Exclusive accessories Wine/Champagne Handbags High quality spirits/whisky Porcelain/ Glasswork Costume jewellery None of these products 9 9 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 17 Social-ecological transformation 176 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Clothing/Fashion Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Coffee/tea Cosmetics/Perfume Delicatessen- high quality food Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Donations for charitable purposes Bicycle Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 54 59 53 59 60 29 32 31 33 34 22 29 12 38 21 17 19 11 22 30 17 30 13 20 15 16 22 11 19 25 16 12 20 18 22 15 24 12 13 23 15 18 16 18 16 14 22 14 18 12 14 16 22 20 11 14 21 20 18 13 13 12 16 15 11 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 57 51 48 36 17 27 21 12 15 19 9 12 15 10 9 17 13 13 15 10 15 17 10 16 11 8 13 14 7 16 13 12 14 7 8 15 16 11 10 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 44 58 60 20 26 45 17 26 35 12 19 23 14 17 29 12 20 16 13 21 13 8 18 16 12 22 20 10 11 20 10 11 12 19 9 14 10 16 15 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 177 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist) Watches Beer High-end hi-fi equipment Antiques High quality jewellery Exclusive accessories Wine/Champagne Handbags High quality spirits/whisky Porcelain/ Glasswork Costume jewellery None of these products Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 9 12 10 12 7 8 4 9 5 10 10 9 6 8 14 17 7 7 9 7 8 11 8 5 6 9 8 11 4 10 3 11 12 7 8 5 8 8 5 6 5 8 7 9 6 11 2 9 12 2 4 4 4 6 7 6 8 4 8 5 5 4 6 3 7 5 5 4 6 10 1 3 3 5 4 6 6 5 9 3 6 4 9 3 5 3 5 3 4 3 4 9 6 4 1 3 2 4 7 2 4- 1- 2 1 1 2 4 1 1 - 2 2 1- 1 0 1 3 1 17 14 15 12 7 16 25 20 26 15 9 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 178 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Clothing/Fashion Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Coffee/tea Cosmetics/Perfume Delicatessen- high quality food Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Donations for charitable purposes Bicycle Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 54 29 22 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 Gender Male Female 50 59 36 22 30 14 14 19 13 21 18 14 14 16 10 21 17 13 10 19 17 11 12 17 17 10 18-29 61 35 27 27 22 22 18 22 15 17 12 20 10 30-39 50 27 26 15 20 16 12 15 14 15 13 13 12 Age(years) 40-49 54 30 21 16 15 16 15 14 13 12 17 11 14 50-59 55 30 24 14 16 13 12 13 12 16 15 16 14 60-69 52 24 14 13 13 15 20 12 21 12 13 13 17 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 179 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist)Watches Beer High-end hi-fi equipment Antiques High quality jewellery Exclusive accessories Wine/Champagne Handbags High quality spirits/whisky Porcelain/Glasswork Costume jewellery None of these products Total 9 9 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 17 Gender Male Female 11 6 15 3 14 2 7 6 4 8 5 6 5 4 1 10 7 2 2 2 0 2 16 17 18-29 15 12 4 9 11 8 9 6 6 1 2 10 30-39 10 10 8 7 5 6 4 4 5 2 0 17 Age(years) 40-49 7 11 9 7 3 4 4 4 2 1 0 17 50-59 8 5 10 5 5 4 2 4 4 2 1 20 60-69 4 7 10 7 5 6 5 7 4 4 2 19 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 180 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Clothing/Fashion Furniture Eating out(restaurants) Coffee/tea Cosmetics/Perfume Delicatessen- high quality food Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Donations for charitable purposes Bicycle Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 54 29 22 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 Education Low Medium High 36 54 61 32 30 26 24 23 19 9 18 15 11 18 17 14 16 17 21 16 13 10 15 17 19 15 15 11 15 13 10 15 12 9 16 11 11 14 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 32 53 61 27 30 30 16 21 28 15 15 20 13 17 19 13 14 20 20 17 14 7 15 17 11 15 16 9 14 16 6 13 17 21 15 13 19 14 12 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 181 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist) Watches Beer High-end hi-fi equipment Antiques High quality jewellery Exclusive accessories Wine/Champagne Handbags High quality spirits/whisky Porcelain/ Glasswork Costume jewellery None of these products Total 9 9 8 7 6 6 5 5 4 2 1 17 Education Low Medium High 6 9 8 12 9 7 10 8 8 1 8 5 4 6 7 1 6 7 5 4 7 1 5 8 3 4 4 1 1 3 4 1 0 22 16 17 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 6 5 14 3 8 11 6 9 9 8 6 6 3 6 7 1 6 7 4 4 6 3 6 5 2 4 5 1 1 3 1 2 1 29 16 14 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 182 Media use Now we would like to know your habits and ways of using media. How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online? Internet(no social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) Communication/messenger services (e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio Books/Audiobooks Computer games/video games 86 8 222 76 9 32 5 5 55 18 6 4 12 5 52 18 6 3 14 7 31 26 14 6 15 8 34 18 10 5 24 9 19 16 18 9 28 10 19 15 10 6 27 23 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Daily newspaper 18 14 9 6 29 23 Online media libraries of TV channels 14 13 10 8 33 TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) 13 13 10 5 29 Journals, magazines 8 12 15 12 36 Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Newsletters from providers of products and services 12 10 8 5 4 12 14 11 32 39 Cinema 13 14 5 65 22 30 16 33 20 13 Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs 23 5 4 42 45 Daily Several times a week Several times a month About once a month Rare Never Social-ecological transformation 183 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category:“At least several times a month" Internet(no social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio Books/Audiobooks Computer games/video games Daily newspaper Online media libraries of TV channels TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Journals, magazines Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Total EST INT PER COS 96 96 99 98 97 88 91 84 87 98 79 87 86 83 86 76 85 66 71 74 71 72 78 68 79 62 67 56 66 56 53 57 64 53 52 44 41 41 46 55 41 52 40 42 30 37 42 30 39 44 36 37 46 39 35 35 41 31 41 31 30 26 35 37 39 30 44 30 36 29 18 25 16 18 18 10 7 7 20 7 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 95 97 97 87 86 81 72 81 77 80 74 77 73 62 73 65 59 55 46 52 57 40 42 39 43 36 44 44 33 32 36 27 19 35 24 39 32 24 21 27 25 34 16 14 19 12 5 7 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 95 98 93 83 96 90 76 72 83 74 75 73 66 71 78 56 74 60 49 44 56 34 56 46 35 44 42 33 42 41 31 44 49 36 34 34 24 27 47 23 24 26 11 19 20 6 14 8 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 184 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category:“At least several times a month" Internet(no social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio Books/Audiobooks Computer games/video games Daily newspaper Online media libraries of TV channels TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Journals, magazines Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 96 88 79 76 71 62 53 44 41 37 36 35 30 30 18 10 Gender Male Female 97 95 85 90 76 83 75 75 71 71 62 63 43 62 48 39 41 42 39 37 35 37 34 36 31 30 26 34 16 19 13 6 18-29 96 92 89 60 76 53 54 44 24 36 52 27 50 20 23 11 30-39 95 89 84 69 73 66 46 47 38 39 38 33 30 25 18 12 Age(years) 40-49 98 89 78 81 71 73 53 49 45 41 33 40 26 31 20 9 50-59 96 88 75 83 68 59 55 39 51 39 32 39 24 38 11 9 60-69 97 81 73 82 67 58 54 38 48 35 26 36 22 35 15 7 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 185 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category:“At least several times a month" Internet(no social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) "Normal" television programme Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Radio Books/Audiobooks Computer games/video games Daily newspaper Online media libraries of TV channels TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Journals, magazines Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Cinema Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 96 88 79 76 71 62 53 44 41 37 36 35 30 30 18 10 Education Low Medium High 84 97 98 86 89 85 67 82 76 74 74 78 70 72 69 62 61 64 40 51 62 52 46 34 32 38 53 43 37 38 32 37 35 31 33 41 38 32 22 34 28 34 19 17 18 17 10 8 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 94 96 98 82 88 90 62 79 85 72 78 74 68 72 71 44 61 66 41 50 56 40 46 43 32 40 44 30 39 39 24 31 46 27 33 38 24 28 34 20 32 30 12 15 23 12 8 13 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 186 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? 74 67 56 16 14 23 8 25 22 25 30 33 21 26 2 1 8 11 19 54 53 56 66 90 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. Frequently Occasionally Never Social-ecological transformation 187 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 74 74 72 80 78 72 68 74 73 76 83 67 71 56 61 56 66 74 62 68 81 60 56 63 52 62 68 58 48 42 50 60 64 23 20 13 34 31 24 14 14 19 30 42 16 9 16 25 15 16 9 12 14 27 19 14 15 15 10 18 14 10 14 12 16 16 8 8 12 12 3 8 3 6 4 8 13 2 1 3 2 2 3- 1 1 2 4 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 188 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Total 74 67 56 23 16 14 8 2 Gender Male Female 80 69 64 69 46 66 22 25 20 12 7 21 8 8 2 2 18-29 80 45 80 44 14 18 8 4 30-39 79 70 62 25 13 12 9 2 Age(years) 40-49 75 70 57 19 17 9 7 1 50-59 69 74 45 15 18 14 10 1 60-69 70 74 37 15 19 15 5 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 189 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ YouTube Facebook Instagram TikTok Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Total 74 67 56 23 16 14 8 2 Education Low Medium High 75 76 71 69 66 67 49 58 50 35 25 14 16 17 15 11 14 15 12 6 13 4 2 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 76 74 76 63 69 66 48 55 57 23 23 24 18 17 15 12 12 15 6 6 10 3 1 2 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 190 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest Twitter TikTok LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 99 98 100 100 100 100 98 98 98 99 100 89 88 86 90 88 93 87 85 86 93 88 81 84 81 86 90 82 72 73 68 86 91 47 51 49 50 51 44 43 41 45 41 55 46 44 44 48 52 57 36 42 41 58 44 44 42 31 54 53 47 37 34 35 54 62 34 38 43 34 34 42 30 24 27 33 34 10 5 10 15 14 10 6 7 5 11 13 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 191 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest Twitter TikTok LinkedIn Tumblr Total 99 89 81 47 46 44 34 10 Gender Male Female 99 99 86 91 76 85 38 55 54 40 43 46 36 32 10 9 18-29 99 85 97 56 39 59 29 15 30-39 99 90 82 39 37 46 31 10 Age(years) 40-49 99 88 78 42 49 39 36 8 50-59 99 93 76 47 54 38 39 7 60-69 99 87 71 48 53 40 34 8 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 192 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„At least occasionally" YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest Twitter TikTok LinkedIn Tumblr Total 99 89 81 47 46 44 34 10 Education Low Medium High 100 99 100 94 89 87 79 82 75 43 46 50 45 48 43 55 46 36 25 31 47 14 10 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 97 99 100 87 90 88 79 80 80 43 42 50 49 49 45 41 46 44 28 31 41 9 8 11 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 193 Communication expectations When you think about what you use media for, e.g. newspapers, magazines, Internet, television, radio etc. and what you expect from it, which of the statements below apply to you? I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media helps me to form my own opinion on important topics. Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. 68 70 68 56 44 49 29 45 22 43 Applies completely Doesn’t apply completely 28 31 26 31 27 41 37 61 45 92 40 10 1 20 6 26 9 Mostly doesn’t apply Doesn’t apply at all Social-ecological transformation 194 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 96 100 96 99 99 96 98 97 94 93 99 It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 96 99 99 98 98 97 96 94 92 93 100 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about 95 98 96 97 98 95 98 95 92 92 95 that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 93 98 97 98 94 90 93 93 88 91 95 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 89 97 89 88 93 92 87 85 86 88 93 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 89 89 83 88 87 92 95 86 88 91 80 74 82 64 75 84 82 77 64 62 75 74 65 71 60 65 76 74 57 53 64 65 67 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 195 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ Total I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 96 It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 96 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about 95 that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand 93 backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important Topics. 89 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 89 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my 74 information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 65 Gender Male Female 96 97 97 96 93 98 94 92 89 90 85 92 72 76 64 65 18-29 94 96 94 93 83 83 78 54 30-39 96 96 94 92 89 86 72 54 Age(years) 40-49 99 97 96 96 89 87 74 63 50-59 98 96 97 95 94 91 74 75 60-69 97 98 96 92 92 95 73 79 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 196 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies“ I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. Total 96 It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 96 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about 95 that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand 93 backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 89 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 89 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my 74 information elsewhere. Media helps me to form my own opinion on important topics. 65 Education Low Medium High 93 97 98 94 96 98 98 95 96 90 94 94 93 90 88 89 88 90 73 75 70 68 64 66 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 93 98 97 89 98 97 96 97 93 88 93 96 86 92 89 88 92 84 74 78 69 70 68 63 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 197 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely“ Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 70 76 72 77 83 60 72 68 60 62 90 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about 68 74 60 76 67 58 73 74 67 64 75 that. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 68 72 75 80 73 52 66 64 61 64 86 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 56 65 63 63 74 43 56 53 38 50 76 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 49 58 37 52 42 41 54 43 49 49 54 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 44 51 35 48 50 42 43 39 34 45 64 29 40 18 36 36 24 31 19 21 33 34 22 26 16 28 12 22 14 17 21 27 30 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 198 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely" Total It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 70 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about 68 that. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 68 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand 56 backgrounds and contexts. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 49 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 44 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my 29 information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 22 Gender Male Female 70 71 64 74 68 68 57 56 43 54 41 48 26 32 21 22 18-29 73 71 71 64 44 41 34 17 30-39 71 72 68 58 50 43 27 17 Age(years) 40-49 64 68 66 56 42 41 27 22 50-59 72 67 73 52 51 51 29 24 60-69 72 66 65 52 54 46 28 27 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation 199 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:“Applies completely" It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. Total 70 68 68 56 49 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 44 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my 29 information elsewhere. Media helps me to form my own opinion on important topics. 22 Education Low Medium High 49 70 75 67 69 68 54 68 72 39 56 60 42 47 53 36 43 50 20 30 29 29 21 22 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% Medium 60-140% High>140% (<24,064 RSD) (24,064-56,148 RSD) (>56,148 RSD) 63 70 73 68 74 63 62 71 69 44 56 59 48 52 46 39 44 46 28 31 29 19 24 23 Basis: 1,201 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Social-ecological transformation Imprint Social-ecological transformation 201 Contact persons Dr Christoph Schleer Associate Director Research& Consulting christoph.schleer@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-27 Naima Wisniewski Research& Consulting naima.wisniewski@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-54 © Copyright 2023 SINUS Market and Social Research GmbH This work is protected by copyright. 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