Socio-ecological transformation SINUS Study for the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Social-ecological transformation Country report Slovakia Heidelberg, September 2023 Teil der INTEGRAL-SINUS-OPINION Gruppe Socio-ecological transformation 2 Task and objectives Empirical survey to identify opposing and advocating groups of the social-ecological transformation • The world is undergoing far-reaching changes. There seems to be no end to reports of record heat, storms and forest fires. Climate policy has been dodged for a long time; progress must be made quickly in phasing out fossil fuels and building up an energy supply and industrial production based on renewable energy. • At the same time, the pressure for change increasingly affects citizens directly. The path to a climate-neutral economy is associated with enormous technological, economic and social challenges: The accelerated expansion of renewable energy, the heat and transport transition, and the structural change of the economy- all of this will increasingly affect citizens. • Against this background, the SINUS Institute conducted a large-scale population survey in Europe and North America on behalf of the Competence Centre for Climate and Social Justice of the Friedich-Ebert-Stiftung: across 19 countries, the research delved into the perceptions, interests, and concerns that individuals associate with the social-ecological transformation. The survey’s primary objective was twofold: first, to provide an encompassing overview of attitudes towards climate policy, and second, to explore the degree of receptivity among various social segments toward climate policy measures. To achieve the latter, the survey design incorporated the Sinus-Meta-Milieus target group model. • The study results are intended to stimulate public discussions and provide an in-depth analysis of the conditions under which the climateneutral transformation of national economies can succeed and be supported by broad public acceptance. Based on these analyses, developing country- and milieu-specific communication strategies that address the population's different interests and fears and appropriately address them through suitable forms of communication is essential. Socio-ecological transformation 3 Table of contents 01 02 03 Method and sample 04 Problem awareness  Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection  Relevance of environmental policy fields of action  Relevance of climate change as a topic  Attitudes towards climate change  Consequences of climate change- Anxiety scale Climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Attitudes towards climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour  Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour  Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour 05 06 Changing way of living and doing business  Assessing the need for change  Attribution of responsibility  Attitudes towards policies  Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Interest in information and level of knowledge  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate  Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies Appendix: Communication  Topic interest in general  Consumer interests  Media use  Communication expectations Socio-ecological transformation 1 Method and sample Socio-ecological transformation Methodology and sample Method Standardised online survey (CAWI) Quota sample(gender, age, education and region) The interviews were conducted in the national language. Data collection Ø Interview duration: 26 minutes The data collection was carried out by Sociotrend GmbH. Target group Resident population aged from 18 to 69 years Sample size 1,200 people Survey period 27.06.- 25.07.2023 5 Survey contents • Awareness of environmental, nature and climate protection issues • Climate and environmentallyconscious behaviour: Attitudes, barriers and motivators • Attitudes towards change in way of living and economies: Necessity of change, Attribution of responsibility and political measures • Interest in information and level of knowledge: climate change, ecological contexts and political measures Socio-ecological transformation 6 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • This report presents the survey results for Slovakia. The key findings are presented in graphs and diagrams. For better readability and comprehensibility, the percentages have been rounded to whole numbers. • The data set was examined for differences in the response behaviour of different population groups and presented in tabular form. The sociodemographic characteristics of gender, age, education and net equivalent income were taken into account. • Gender: female, male (The answer category„non-binary" was taken into account in the survey, but not evaluated due to too small a number of cases). • Age groups: 18- to 29-year-olds, 30- to 39-year-olds, 40- to 49-year-olds, 50- to 59-year-olds, 60- to 69-year-olds • Educational groups: low: "Žiadne školské vzdelanie ani odborná príprava(zatiaľ)" or"Neukončený druhý stupeň základnej školy" or "Ukoncený druhý stupeň základnej školy, Kurzy na doplnenie základného vzdelania" or"Praktická škola" or"Rekvalifikačné kurzy"; medium: "Odborné učilište, stredná odborná škola bez maturity, stredné odborné učilište bez maturity" or"Maturity, tiež Nadstavbové štúdium" or"Pomaturitné kvalifikačné štúdium" or"Doplňujúce pedagogické štúdium"; high: "Pomaturitné špecializačné štúdium, tanečné konzervatórium, konzervatórium" or"Stredná odborná škola- 6 ročné štúdium" or"Vyššie štúdium" • Net equivalent income*: low: less than 60% of median income; medium: 60 to 140% of median income; high: more than 140% of the median income The net equivalent income is a net income weighted according to the number and age of persons living in the household. To calculate the net equivalent income, the net household income is * divided by the number of persons weighted according to the OECD scale. This results in a means-weighted per capita net income. The calculated equivalised income was divided into three groups (below 60%, 60-140%, above 140% of the median income) using the median values available at Eurostat(2021). Socio-ecological transformation 7 Methodology and sample Evaluation of the survey results • In addition to the differentiation according to socio-demographic characteristics, the data was analysed according to the milieu affiliation of the respondents. By evaluating the findings according to the Sinus-Meta-Milieus , the socio-demographic analysis is supplemented by way of living and value components. • The milieu perspective does not replace the study of socio-demographic characteristics, but complements and refines them by taking into account basic values that determine way of living and life goals as well as everyday attitudes to family, work, leisure and consumption. • Established test procedures of empirical social research were used to examine the statistical significance of survey results. The differences in the response behaviour of the analysed population groups were checked by means of a chi-square test(e.g. age group of 18 to 29 years compared to the average). This is based on a confidence interval of 95% or 99%, which is customary for social science purposes. • The examined characteristics are interpreted as overrepresented or underrepresented in the sample if the probability of this is at least 95%. Characteristics are considered to be strongly overrepresented or strongly underrepresented if a probability of 99% is applied. • The result of the significance test always depends on the group size. The larger the group(e.g. group of people with high educational qualifications), the more likely it is that even weak over- and under-representations can be shown to be significant. For this reason, it can happen in individual cases that identical numerical values are presented as differently over- or under-represented. Socio-ecological transformation 8 Demographic structure of the sample Gender Men Women 50 50 Age ø 43.8 years 18 to 29 years 19 30 to 39 years 22 40 to 49 years 23 50 to 59 years 18 60 to 69 years 18 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Marital status Single In partnership, living separately In partnership, living together Married/ registered partnership Living in separation/ divorced Widowed Persons in the household 1 person 2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons 6 persons and more 26 6 18 40 8 2 12 32 26 20 6 4 Educational qualification Low 9 Medium 66 High 25 Children in the household YES Yes, children aged 0-5 years Yes, children aged 6-13 Yes, children aged 14-17 Yes, children aged 18 and over (adult children) There are no children living in my household 48 16 16 10 17 52 Socio-ecological transformation 9 Demographic structure of the sample Occupational status In education In employment Manager or working in management Other employee Labourer Self-employed/entrepreneur Unemployed/Jobseeker Pensioner/retired Home-maker(m/f) 7 7 8 7 6 17 6 64 42 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Net household income Below€ 1,000 1,000€-2,000€ 2,000€-3,000€ 3.000€-4.000€ 4,000€-5,000€ Above 5,000€ Not specified 22 43 18 4 1 1 11 Size of residency(number of inhabitants) 42 31 12 Below 1.000 1.000 10.000 10.000 100.000 15 0 100.000->1.000.000 1.000.000 Region Bratislavský kraj Západné Slovensko(Trnavský kraj, Trenčiansky kraj, Nitriansky kraj) Stredné Slovensko (Žilinský kraj, Banskobystrický kraj) Východné Slovensko (Prešovský kraj, Košický kraj) 12 34 25 29 Socio-ecological transformation 10 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus ® in Slovakia 18- 69 year olds Social status Higher Middle Lower Basic Values Established 11% Intellectuals 10% Performers 9% Cosmopolitan Avantgarde 6% Traditionals 10% Conventional Mainstream 13% Adaptive Navigators 12% Progressive Realists 7% SensationOriented 10% Consumer Materialists 12% © SINUS Traditional Sense of Duty and Order Modernisation Individualisation, Self-actualisation, Pleasure Re-organisation Multiple Options, Experimentation, Paradoxes Socio-ecological transformation 11 The Sinus-Meta-Milieus® Short summary Established Status-driven conservative elite: High self-confidence, traditional responsibility and performance ethics, exclusivity and status claims, acceptance of social order Intellectuals Academic elite with post-material beliefs: High affinity for enjoyment, sensuality, art and culture, critical of globalisation, advocate for justice and public welfare, taking responsibility for oneself and others, affinity for education and high quality of life Performers Efficiency- and progress-oriented modern elite: Global economic and liberal thinking, affinity for higher consumption, modern design, adopting, interest in technology and digital, competitive and careeroriented, networker, open to change Ambitious and individualistic avant-garde: Cosmopolitan, urban, Cosmopolitan mobile and flexible, digital nomads, way of life vanguards, pronounced Avantgarde self-expression, postmodern way of life elite, anti-mainstream, desire to stand out, joie de vivre, ambitious and success-oriented Progressive Realists Drivers of social transformation: Sustainable way of life but without renunciation, driving the global social transformation, progressive, optimistic, ease of dealing with contradictions, party and protest, seriousness and entertainment Adaptive Navigators SensationOriented Conventional Mainstream Traditionals ConsumerMaterialists Modern mainstream: Flexible pragmatists, young modern middle class, high willingness to adapt and perform, modern way of life, digital affinity, reliable and loyal, open to new – but tested and verified- things Materialistic- and entertainment-focused lower middle-class: Hedonistic, with focus on today, conspicuous consumption, unconcerned, open to risks, anti-bourgeois yet materialistic way of life, rejection of political correctness and conventions, looking for fun, action, entertainment, stimulation Harmony-seeking older middle-class: Desire for secure circumstances, fear of losing achievements, search for community, cohesion, social life, neighbourly support, distrust towards elites, feeling of being left out in favour of other groups, down to earth Order-seeking older generation: Petty bourgeois world, traditional working-class culture, desire for social security, harmony, consistency, voluntarily disconnection from modern way of life and digital culture, desire for simple, safe, down to earth Lower class striving for validation: Precarious living conditions, undemanding adaptation to necessities, desire for consumption standard of the middle class, defiant cohesion within their own community, fear of speed of change and being left behind Socio-ecological transformation 2 Problem awareness Socio-ecological transformation 13 Main findings Problem awareness Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection • With 71% of mentions, public health service or care is by far the most frequently counted among the five most important Topics. Inflation/decreasing purchasing power ranks second with 44% mentions. The area of environmental, nature and climate protection is counted among the five most important political Topics by 25% of the respondents. Relevance of environmental policy fields of action • Among the top five challenges to preserving our livelihoods, respondents most frequently rank water pollution/quality (64%), the state of forests(56%), air/air quality pollution(50%) and waste in the environment and living environment (49%). Increasing traffic and noise is least often seen as a priority area for environmental policy action(14%). Relevance of climate change as a topic • A clear majority of the population considers climate change to be a(very) important Topic for Slovakia: On a scale from 0"completely irrelevant" to 10"absolutely important", 59% of the respondents choose the scale points 8 to 10, another 21% the scale points 6 to 7. In contrast, it is only 6% of the respondents who choose the scale points 0 to 2. The scale average is 7.4. Socio-ecological transformation 14 Main findings Problem awareness Attitudes towards climate change • 96% of respondents believe that the destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 62%). At the same time, 78% say they are afraid of the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 27%), while 44% think that many things are very exaggerated when it comes to the consequences of climate change(highest level of agreement: 14%). When asked if there are more important problems in Slovakia than climate change, 72% agree(highest level of agreement: 24%) and 28% disagree. The statement that we should rather focus on adapting to the consequences of climate change instead of putting climate protection in the foreground is agreed by 55%(highest level of agreement: 12%), while 45% disagree. Consequences of climate change • The increase in extreme weather events and the(feared) lack of water in everyday life scare the population the most: 64% of the respondents respectively list the increase in extreme weather events and the lack of water in everyday life among the five consequences of climate change that scare them the most. Military conflicts over raw materials and water are named third most frequently(46%). Significantly fewer respondents are afraid of falling yields in agriculture (18%). Socio-ecological transformation 15 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Slovakia to take care of? Please select up to 5 Topics. Public health service and care 71 Inflation, declining purchasing power 44 Employment offers and fair wages 39 Fair pensions and retirement provision 37 Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices 37 Rule of law, fight against corruption 37 Education, schools and universities 35 Adequate and affordable housing 31 More social justice 29 Business development and competitiveness 27 Environmental, nature and climate protection 25 Criminality, internal security 24 Peace policy and stable relations with other countries 16 Migration and integration of immigrants 12 Digitalisation 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Socio-ecological transformation 16 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following Topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Slovakia to take care of? Please select up to 5 Topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Rule of law, fight against corruption Education, schools and universities Adequate and affordable housing More social justice Business development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Criminality, internal security Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 71 74 80 71 58 44 40 34 48 52 39 38 24 50 40 37 46 23 35 26 37 34 24 34 28 37 38 62 31 30 35 39 59 35 45 31 26 24 35 39 29 27 26 33 24 27 30 34 39 37 25 32 50 19 29 24 22 17 17 17 16 18 10 12 9 12 8 5 14 7 6 2 12 4 17 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 71 75 69 47 46 36 44 35 30 38 44 39 42 40 38 31 40 40 29 26 36 40 27 32 30 33 30 21 23 20 12 22 31 26 31 29 10 21 26 15 15 15 6 2 2 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 70 68 66 50 41 47 48 44 35 44 40 21 50 33 30 32 30 34 21 25 46 31 28 29 30 26 25 20 23 34 9 18 38 28 22 18 22 14 17 16 13 11 2 6 10 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 17 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following Topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Slovakia to take care of? Please select up to 5 Topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Rule of law, fight against corruption Education, schools and universities Adequate and affordable housing More social justice Business development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Criminality, internal security Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 71 44 39 37 37 37 35 31 29 27 25 24 16 12 6 Gender Male Female 67 75 49 38 36 42 37 37 37 36 41 33 33 36 28 34 24 33 30 24 24 26 22 26 17 16 13 12 9 2 18-29 62 51 50 20 29 31 43 42 25 26 32 22 12 7 10 30-39 69 46 42 26 32 37 37 32 26 29 28 21 10 12 9 Age(years) 40-49 74 43 41 33 41 36 39 29 31 24 22 30 15 10 4 50-59 72 38 38 50 44 40 23 26 27 32 19 22 22 17 1 60-69 78 41 21 60 37 42 28 24 35 24 23 23 26 15 2 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 18 Importance of environmental, nature and climate protection Which of the following Topics do you think are the most important for politicians in Slovakia to take care of? Please select up to 5 Topics. Public health service and care Inflation, declining purchasing power Employment offers and fair wages Fair pensions and retirement provision Secure energy supply and affordable energy prices Rule of law, fight against corruption Education, schools and universities Adequate and affordable housing More social justice Business development and competitiveness Environmental, nature and climate protection Criminality, internal security Peace policy and stable relations with other countries Migration and integration of immigrants Digitalisation Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 71 44 39 37 37 37 35 31 29 27 25 24 16 12 6 Education Low Medium High 62 71 74 36 45 43 44 39 38 29 42 29 40 37 36 29 38 39 36 29 48 36 31 28 24 32 21 26 25 33 13 24 32 25 24 22 13 17 17 9 14 10 12 4 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 66 71 72 35 43 46 38 39 40 36 44 30 36 37 37 31 36 41 29 30 41 31 31 31 36 32 24 18 24 34 26 22 28 26 24 22 16 17 19 11 13 12 9 5 5 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 19 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following Topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Environmental policy fields of action Pollution of the water/water quality Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Species extinction in the animal and plant world Industrial agriculture State of the oceans Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 64 56 50 49 41 40 34 29 29 23 14 Socio-ecological transformation 20 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following Topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Species extinction in the animal and plant world Industrial agriculture State of the oceans Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 64 66 70 62 53 56 56 58 66 49 50 50 61 46 57 49 54 59 52 45 41 47 72 41 42 40 40 31 47 34 34 40 24 33 40 29 29 36 37 25 29 33 27 26 23 23 24 35 16 34 14 14 4 18 7 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 63 72 58 66 56 62 55 54 57 50 54 57 47 50 56 50 42 50 39 49 55 44 40 55 30 37 40 28 31 48 39 46 41 42 35 44 35 33 28 38 30 38 28 34 31 25 24 21 34 29 33 26 29 26 17 18 22 26 21 23 14 15 13 21 17 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 21 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following Topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Species extinction in the animal and plant world Industrial agriculture State of the oceans Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 56 50 49 41 40 34 29 29 23 14 Gender Male Female 62 65 55 56 47 54 46 52 39 43 35 45 35 32 32 27 26 32 24 22 14 13 18-29 57 60 46 48 48 43 32 40 23 31 7 30-39 61 53 56 48 39 36 33 30 30 25 12 Age(years) 40-49 64 57 51 55 38 38 34 24 30 21 15 50-59 68 50 48 45 40 44 35 28 31 21 16 60-69 69 58 52 49 38 42 35 27 33 16 20 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 22 Relevance of environmental policy fields of action In your opinion, which of the following Topics are among the greatest challenges for the conservation of our livelihoods? Please select up to 5 from the list below. Pollution of the water/water quality Condition of the forests Air pollution/air quality Waste in the environment and living environment Climate change, climate-damaging emissions Development of green spaces Increasing consumption of energy and raw materials Species extinction in the animal and plant world Industrial agriculture State of the oceans Increasing traffic and noise Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 56 50 49 41 40 34 29 29 23 14 Education Low Medium High 56 64 65 56 57 53 55 50 52 45 50 48 25 40 50 42 40 38 35 31 39 38 29 26 18 30 31 20 21 28 20 14 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 62 63 66 51 57 54 44 53 52 54 48 48 27 41 45 33 40 41 43 31 34 31 27 30 26 29 31 16 23 27 12 14 14 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 23 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Slovakia? 4 3 2 56 7 8 1 0 0= completely irrelevant, can be forgotten Ø= 7,4 9 10 10= absolutely important, more important than anything else Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 59 21 10 6 4 (0-2)(3-4)(5)(6-7)(8-10) Socio-ecological transformation 24 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Slovakia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 22 26 36 20 13 19 24 23 18 16 25 16 24 22 17 14 12 18 14 7 9 23 21 24 23 20 21 20 22 18 15 21 26 13 11 12 20 24 9 13 13 10 14 12 8 5 3 4 16 13 4 6 14 10 4 10 8 3 8 4 14 11 13 15 18 5 2 2- 2 5 1 1 3 1 5 3 2 - 1 3 2 6 3 2 2 2 1 1- 2- 2 1 2 4- 1 1 -- 2- 1 2 1 2 2 1 4 1- 4- 3 1 5 13 4 7,4 8,2 8,6 7,3 7,4 7,0 7,7 7,1 6,1 6,8 8,1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 25 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Slovakia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 22 16 21 13 8 10 2 2 1 1 4 7,4 Gender Male Female 17 27 13 18 21 20 14 12 9 7 12 9 2 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 6 1 6,9 7,9 18-29 19 18 21 16 7 9 4 2 0 3 7,5 30-39 20 13 24 16 12 7 2 3 0 0 2 7,4 Age(years) 40-49 22 17 16 12 7 14 2 2 2 2 4 7,2 50-59 24 13 22 13 5 12 0 0 3 2 5 7,2 60-69 26 18 20 9 8 10 1 3 1 0 3 7,6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 26 Relevance of climate change as a topic There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which leads to environmental changes and changes in the everyday life of every individual(e.g. energy prices). How important do you personally consider this topic for Slovakia? 10=Absolutely important, more important than anything else 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0=Totally irrelevant, can be forgotten Average Total 22 16 21 13 8 10 2 2 1 1 4 7,4 Education Low Medium High 31 22 19 7 15 20 22 21 19 9 13 14 11 6 11 13 11 8 4 2 2 2 3 1 - 1 2 - 2 1 2 3 4 7,6 7,3 7,4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 30 23 20 8 16 18 22 21 20 9 13 14 13 7 8 9 11 9 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 7,5 7,4 7,4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 27 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate change. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 96 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Slovakia than climate change. 72 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 44 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 62 34 31 4 27 51 16 6 22 24 48 22 6 28 12 43 33 12 45 14 30 39 17 56 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 28 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate change. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 96 98 99 96 95 94 97 98 92 92 99 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 89 95 71 85 82 82 73 60 63 88 There are more important problems in Slovakia than climate change. 72 61 42 72 72 79 77 73 87 80 67 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 54 24 57 47 67 60 54 66 65 46 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 44 39 12 44 34 62 45 37 58 58 33 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 29 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate change. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. 96 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Slovakia than climate change. 72 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 44 Gender Male Female 95 97 74 83 75 68 55 56 48 40 18-29 98 79 67 48 36 30-39 96 84 72 54 43 Age(years) 40-49 96 76 74 55 44 50-59 94 78 71 58 46 60-69 95 74 73 62 50 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 30 Attitudes towards climate change If you now think about the topic of environment and climate change. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" The destruction of nature endangers people and their livelihoods. Total 96 I am afraid of the consequences of climate change. 78 There are more important problems in Slovakia than climate change. 72 Instead of focusing on climate protection, we should rather concentrate on adapting to the consequences of climate change. 55 When it comes to the consequences of climate change, many things are greatly exaggerated. 44 Education Low Medium High 98 95 97 85 77 78 78 73 65 64 58 46 58 43 39 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 93 96 96 77 80 79 74 71 72 66 56 50 58 42 40 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 31 Consequences of climate change- anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Consequences of climate change Increase in extreme weather events 64 Water shortage in everyday life 64 Military conflicts over raw materials and water 46 Impairment of my health and personal quality of life 39 Species extinction in the animal and plant world 38 Forest fires, forest dieback 37 Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases 30 Increased immigration, migration 25 Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles 24 Economic damage 22 Falling yields in agriculture 18 Don't know 2 I am not afraid 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Socio-ecological transformation 32 Consequences of climate change- anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Military conflicts over raw materials and water Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Forest fires, forest dieback Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Increased immigration, migration Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Economic damage Falling yields in agriculture Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 64 73 84 61 59 64 70 76 59 60 46 53 55 43 42 39 47 36 42 34 38 38 52 43 43 37 37 48 36 40 30 35 41 32 25 25 30 17 21 20 24 23 39 21 25 22 29 17 20 29 18 22 8 11 19 2 1- 2 1 2 -- 6 1 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 51 68 66 56 52 76 62 68 64 59 53 68 36 52 51 45 35 44 45 38 36 38 36 29 32 39 39 28 36 42 41 36 34 32 33 40 29 27 28 24 26 30 22 30 24 37 22 26 23 24 23 14 21 29 24 22 19 17 20 23 16 18 23 23 18 14 4 2 1 5 1 2 3 4 4 2 1 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 33 Consequences of climate change- anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Military conflicts over raw materials and water Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Forest fires, forest dieback Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Increased immigration, migration Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Economic damage Falling yields in agriculture Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 64 46 39 38 37 30 25 24 22 18 2 2 Gender Male Female 61 67 59 69 45 47 36 41 40 36 37 38 28 32 29 22 23 25 22 21 16 19 1 2 3 1 18-29 58 62 40 44 49 46 32 12 28 24 12 0 2 30-39 58 65 48 36 36 40 30 25 25 23 17 3 2 Age(years) 40-49 66 64 46 40 39 35 25 22 21 24 15 3 2 50-59 69 70 44 35 34 31 35 31 24 18 24 1 4 60-69 70 57 53 38 34 33 27 39 22 19 21 2 2 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 34 Consequences of climate change- anxiety scale When you think about the consequences of climate change, what scares you the most? Please select up to 5 answer options from the following list. Increase in extreme weather events Water shortage in everyday life Military conflicts over raw materials and water Impairment of my health and personal quality of life Species extinction in the animal and plant world Forest fires, forest dieback Increase in humanitarian crises, spread of(new) diseases Increased immigration, migration Rising sea levels due to melting of the poles Economic damage Falling yields in agriculture Don't know I am not afraid Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 64 64 46 39 38 37 30 25 24 22 18 2 2 Education Low Medium High 44 64 71 49 64 70 44 46 48 47 38 39 44 38 37 47 35 39 31 29 32 20 28 21 20 24 25 27 21 21 31 17 14 2 2 1 - 3 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 49 66 69 54 65 65 50 47 44 39 39 39 30 37 42 35 37 37 27 29 33 21 28 27 26 21 28 18 23 20 22 19 15 4 2 1 2 2 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 3 Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Socio-ecological transformation 36 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 89% of respondents believe that we all have to become active and start changing the way we live in order to maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 42%). • Furthermore, 86% of respondents would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the resulting costs were distributed in a socially just manner(highest level of agreement: 29%). Slightly less, but still three quarters (75%) commit themselves to contribute to changing society(highest level of agreement: 21%). Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • More than four fifths of respondents(86%) believe that we should be willing to change our way of living for the benefit of the environment(highest level of agreement"fully agree": 33%). However, 56% say that they themselves are only willing to do something to protect the environment if this does not affect their own standard of living(highest level of agreement: 14%). Socio-ecological transformation 37 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 81% would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted in this way(highest level of agreement: 28%). However, 40% say that others should take the first step before contributing to climate protection themselves (highest level of agreement: 14%). Furthermore, 36% do not believe that they can contribute significantly to environmental protection with their own behaviour(highest level of agreement: 11%). • 79% fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business is associated with personally high costs (highest level of agreement: 21%). 67% say that they personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection(highest level of agreement: 27%). Furthermore, 63% consider measures to protect the climate and the environment to be socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular(highest level of agreement: 22%). • 77% say they are annoyed when others try to tell them how to live(highest level of agreement: 35%). Furthermore, 53% complain that they will soon not be able to do anything at all if there are even more regulations for climate and environmental protection(highest approval rating: 20%). • 61% think that businesses know best how to implement the necessary change(highest level of agreement: 12%). Furthermore, 36% think that science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life(highest level of agreement: 8%). Socio-ecological transformation 38 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 54% of respondents say the poor infrastructure makes it impossible to give up the car(highest level of agreement: 21%). Furthermore,(37%) say they find it difficult to shape their own lives in an environmentally and climate-friendly way (highest level of agreement: 8%). 29% say they do not see the point of changing their behaviour for something that may happen in the future(highest level of agreement: 7%). • 51% say that businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements(highest level of agreement: 12%). Furthermore, 52% say that preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection(highest level of agreement: 12%). 41% think that combating climate change is detrimental to our businesses(highest approval rating: 13%). Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 94% of respondents say that spending time in nature significantly enhances their quality of life(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 58%). Furthermore, 86% feel strongly connected to nature(highest level of agreement: 33%). • According to 92% of respondents, each individual has a responsibility to ensure that we leave a liveable environment for future generations(highest level of agreement: 50%). Just as many respondents(92%) believe that environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty(highest level of agreement: 46%). That more environmental protection also means better quality of life and health for all, say 90%(highest level of agreement: 45%). 67% feel personally responsible for the preservation of nature and the environment(highest approval rating: 21%). Socio-ecological transformation 39 Main findings Climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour • 87% see the industrialised countries as having a special responsibility for climate protection, as they have played a significant role in causing climate change(highest level of agreement: 40%). In addition, 78% say they feel better when they buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate(highest level of agreement: 28%). • 83% believe that our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a threat of economic damage (highest level of agreement: 30%). 77% believe that a consistent policy to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future(highest approval rating: 19%). Furthermore, 69% believe that switching to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities(highest approval rating: 16%). Socio-ecological transformation 40 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start 89 changing the way we live. I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just 86 manner. I commit myself to actively changing society. 75 42 29 21 47 92 11 57 11 3 14 54 21 4 25 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 41 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 89 96 99 92 90 86 93 93 66 83 95 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 86 91 87 84 89 87 90 86 74 85 90 I commit myself to actively changing society. 75 94 93 84 76 67 69 76 47 72 89 Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 42 60 69 46 42 23 41 45 23 35 47 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 29 46 31 36 29 16 31 28 16 28 36 I commit myself to actively changing society. 21 34 34 24 13 9 11 20 11 23 37 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 42 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 89 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 86 I commit myself to actively changing society. 75 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 42 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 29 I commit myself to actively changing society. 21 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 87 91 85 87 72 79 Gender Male Female 39 45 31 28 20 22 18-29 92 86 81 30-39 89 85 79 Age(years) 40-49 88 86 74 50-59 87 87 74 60-69 87 86 69 18-29 47 29 28 30-39 44 30 25 Age(years) 40-49 41 29 20 50-59 37 25 16 60-69 42 32 14 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 43 Attitudes towards climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Below you can see some statements. How much do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 89 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 86 I commit myself to actively changing society. 75 Response category:"Fully agree" Total To maintain a liveable environment for us and the generations that follow, all of us have to be actively involved and start changing the way we live. 42 I would be willing to do more for environmental and climate protection if the costs incurred were distributed in a socially just manner. 29 I commit myself to actively changing society. 21 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 87 88 91 87 86 86 80 74 78 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 82 90 89 87 88 85 74 77 76 Education Low Medium High 40 40 47 33 28 30 25 19 25 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 33 41 47 32 31 29 25 19 22 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 44 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden low-income earners in particular. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 33 28 21 35 27 22 12 14 21 53 53 58 42 40 41 49 42 33 Fully agree Somewhat agree 11 3 15 4 18 3 19 4 26 7 30 7 32 7 34 10 30 16 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 45 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 20 12 33 40 35 12 39 9 Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 12 39 38 11 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 13 28 47 12 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 14 26 42 18 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 8 29 50 13 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 11 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our 8 way of life. I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 7 25 28 22 42 44 45 22 20 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 46 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 86 92 97 85 94 82 86 85 72 76 91 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 81 82 79 75 86 80 86 73 76 81 94 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 79 80 71 70 84 79 89 73 81 81 79 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 77 74 58 84 69 85 77 74 90 83 75 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 67 63 39 56 60 74 76 67 84 79 60 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 63 61 43 59 66 70 71 56 73 70 53 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 61 61 45 72 58 70 61 54 55 69 59 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 56 49 29 50 65 68 59 45 66 70 56 poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 54 59 44 56 66 54 55 35 49 68 63 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 47 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 53 48 19 47 40 70 63 50 67 68 41 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 52 49 21 60 49 63 49 47 65 65 51 Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 51 47 28 55 58 64 53 47 55 58 46 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 41 34 17 42 43 49 47 36 52 56 31 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 40 38 13 36 41 54 45 30 49 57 26 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 37 34 16 36 48 43 35 25 40 56 33 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 36 28 10 35 40 46 37 25 52 57 28 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 36 39 20 42 47 44 30 21 30 55 26 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 29 19 3 24 30 44 23 18 44 55 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 48 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 86 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 81 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 79 I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 77 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 67 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 63 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 61 I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 56 poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 54 Gender Male Female 82 89 80 81 80 78 81 74 69 66 66 61 61 60 60 52 56 51 18-29 87 79 75 78 61 64 60 54 59 30-39 88 83 81 79 65 65 61 60 59 Age(years) 40-49 85 82 79 76 67 63 61 57 57 50-59 83 78 78 82 69 64 55 52 49 60-69 83 81 82 74 74 59 66 56 45 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 49 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 53 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 52 Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 51 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 41 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 40 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 37 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 36 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 36 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 29 Gender Male Female 58 49 54 51 54 49 46 37 40 40 41 32 39 34 40 31 32 25 18-29 48 49 48 42 36 43 36 39 28 30-39 44 51 56 40 42 40 38 36 26 Age(years) 40-49 57 62 51 44 36 34 36 35 30 50-59 59 53 51 38 39 37 36 33 29 60-69 59 46 51 42 48 29 36 33 28 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 50 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. Total 86 81 79 77 67 63 61 56 54 Education Low Medium High 93 84 86 82 82 78 73 80 79 82 79 74 69 73 54 73 63 59 76 61 54 64 55 55 51 52 59 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 84 86 86 82 81 78 78 81 77 81 77 76 83 69 61 73 64 61 72 61 56 64 57 51 54 49 58 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 51 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Total 53 52 51 41 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 40 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 37 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 36 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 36 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 29 Education Low Medium High 64 55 45 69 52 47 65 53 44 55 40 39 60 41 32 42 39 29 40 37 33 51 34 31 40 29 20 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 64 52 50 63 51 51 60 53 48 53 42 36 58 39 35 47 34 36 48 37 31 46 32 34 42 28 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 52 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 35 28 16 43 22 36 36 32 57 37 25 For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 33 52 56 31 30 21 25 37 19 27 46 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 28 40 37 30 21 15 26 33 22 23 33 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 27 22 16 18 20 28 34 18 44 30 23 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 22 16 8 22 18 26 24 18 40 26 14 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 21 30 11 17 16 18 27 17 29 21 20 poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 21 17 17 30 29 20 16 17 18 23 28 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 20 18 1 20 14 20 23 17 38 27 9 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 14 11 3 15 15 16 16 13 16 20 10 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 53 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. 14 16 6 12 18 7 11 14 18 21 16 Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. 13 14 3 14 10 6 10 13 25 21 7 Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. 12 16 8 18 8 6 10 11 15 15 7 Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. 12 13 1 18 9 11 9 15 18 17 10 Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. 12 17 3 14 2 10 13 6 17 20 13 I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. 11 10 3 11 10 13 7 10 16 19 8 Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. 8 9 4 8 12 5 7 2 7 18 5 I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. 8 9 2 8 1 6 7 8 9 17 10 I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. 7 4- 8 5 10 4 4 12 12 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 54 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 35 For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 33 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 28 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 27 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 22 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 21 poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 21 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 20 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 14 Gender Male Female 39 30 31 36 27 29 30 23 26 19 24 18 23 18 24 15 14 14 18-29 33 39 26 26 20 19 27 17 16 30-39 32 34 29 22 23 20 25 16 17 Age(years) 40-49 33 33 27 24 21 20 22 15 8 50-59 38 30 26 29 26 24 12 28 11 60-69 38 30 30 33 20 23 16 24 18 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 55 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. Total 14 13 12 12 12 11 8 8 7 Gender Male Female 15 12 17 9 12 11 13 12 13 11 13 8 10 5 9 7 8 5 18-29 16 15 12 10 9 11 12 8 7 30-39 14 11 12 12 13 12 8 10 9 Age(years) 40-49 14 13 10 13 11 11 5 7 5 50-59 11 13 13 15 15 10 5 8 6 60-69 12 13 12 12 13 9 9 6 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 56 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(1) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total I get annoyed when others try to tell me how to live. 35 For the sake of the environment, we should all be willing to change our way of living. 33 I would be willing to do more to protect the environment if everyone acted like this. 28 I personally lack the financial means to do something for climate protection. 27 Measures to protect the climate and the environment are socially unjust, as they burden lowincome earners in particular. 22 I fear that a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business will come at a high cost to me. 21 poor infrastructure(e.g. lack of cycle paths, lack of train routes, too little public transport) makes it impossible for me to give up my car. 21 If regulations regarding climate and environmental protection increase, we'll soon not be able to do anything at all. 20 Before I contribute to climate protection myself, others should take the first step. 14 Education Low Medium High 40 35 31 44 31 34 36 26 28 29 29 21 33 23 16 18 22 20 18 20 23 27 19 18 27 13 12 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 41 32 34 38 32 36 34 28 26 43 28 20 33 22 19 20 22 20 24 18 24 23 18 21 18 14 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 57 Barriers to climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour(2) Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" I am only willing to do something to protect the environment if my standard of living is not affected as a result. Tackling climate change is detrimental to our businesses. Businesses know best how to implement the necessary change. Preserving jobs is more important than climate and environmental protection. Businesses that need a lot of energy for their production cannot implement strict climate protection requirements. I do not believe that I can contribute significantly to environmental protection with my behaviour. Science and technology will solve the problem of climate change without us having to fundamentally change our way of life. I find it difficult to shape my life in an environmentally and climate-friendly way. I don't see the point of changing my behaviour today for something that may happen in the future. Total 14 13 12 12 12 11 8 8 7 Education Low Medium High 20 12 14 22 12 12 20 11 9 16 12 12 22 11 11 20 10 9 11 7 6 15 8 6 13 6 4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 17 13 13 17 13 12 19 11 10 16 10 12 13 12 11 20 9 10 12 6 8 13 8 7 12 6 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 58 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. I feel a strong connection with nature. Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 58 36 51 50 42 62 46 46 62 45 45 82 40 47 10 3 33 53 12 2 30 53 14 3 28 50 17 5 19 58 18 5 16 53 26 5 21 46 26 7 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 59 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 94 98 98 94 96 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 92 93 98 90 89 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 92 95 96 91 97 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 90 96 95 96 93 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 87 92 92 87 88 I feel a strong connection with nature. 86 93 97 90 85 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 83 88 98 78 94 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 78 91 95 79 78 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 77 86 90 80 85 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 69 81 88 71 78 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 67 79 88 70 71 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 93 94 96 91 94 96 90 96 94 89 91 90 82 94 83 84 86 84 80 84 84 73 76 80 74 76 68 70 65 60 60 64 66 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 88 85 99 84 86 99 83 80 97 78 86 96 80 86 92 73 87 91 64 79 91 55 70 92 54 78 90 41 68 88 46 65 76 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 60 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 94 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 92 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 92 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 90 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 87 I feel a strong connection with nature. 86 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 83 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 78 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 77 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 69 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 67 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 93 95 89 94 90 93 87 93 89 86 84 89 81 85 70 86 77 77 68 70 64 71 18-29 93 93 93 91 88 84 89 74 79 74 74 30-39 93 92 92 90 85 84 82 81 77 71 75 Age(years) 40-49 95 91 93 92 86 86 84 76 75 68 68 50-59 94 89 87 88 88 88 81 78 76 65 64 60-69 94 94 91 90 91 89 78 80 77 68 53 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 61 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 94 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 92 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 92 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 90 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 87 I feel a strong connection with nature. 86 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 83 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 78 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 77 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 69 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 67 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 93 95 92 91 92 93 94 92 89 91 90 92 87 88 87 82 87 87 85 82 84 84 77 79 71 78 76 73 67 73 69 65 73 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 93 93 95 90 92 92 89 92 92 88 92 89 90 88 86 86 87 86 83 84 83 80 78 79 72 76 79 70 68 74 67 66 70 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 62 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 58 73 73 68 46 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 50 63 77 51 42 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 46 62 73 46 36 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 45 64 74 56 47 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 40 44 53 42 39 I feel a strong connection with nature. 33 47 47 40 22 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 30 38 54 27 21 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 28 52 44 35 24 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 21 33 28 27 14 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 19 23 35 24 19 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 16 27 31 14 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 55 50 58 33 38 60 30 43 47 29 37 47 27 49 39 28 27 34 18 27 31 19 18 26 15 13 25 12 15 16 5 12 13 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 49 42 64 38 43 64 32 34 60 23 32 52 33 34 44 21 24 38 18 24 41 11 24 31 7 23 34 12 16 26 5 17 26 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 63 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 58 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 50 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 46 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 45 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 40 I feel a strong connection with nature. 33 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 30 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 28 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 21 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 19 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 16 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 54 61 48 52 42 49 42 48 45 36 30 35 29 30 22 34 18 24 18 20 16 16 18-29 58 59 45 55 36 31 33 36 27 15 18 30-39 58 43 45 46 39 29 29 27 22 20 17 Age(years) 40-49 58 48 44 40 34 32 26 27 21 18 16 50-59 54 50 43 39 45 36 32 23 19 24 12 60-69 60 51 52 44 50 35 28 27 17 18 16 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 64 Motivators of climate and environmentally-conscious behaviour Here are some statements on the topic of environmental and climate protection. To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total Being in nature greatly enhances my quality of life. 58 Every individual bears responsibility for leaving a liveable environment for future generations. 50 Environmental protection is a matter of decency and civic duty. 46 More environmental protection also means more quality of life and health for all. 45 The industrialised countries have a special responsibility for climate protection since they have played a significant role in causing climate change. 40 I feel a strong connection with nature. 33 Our businesses must become more climate-friendly, otherwise there is a risk of economic damage. 30 I feel better when I buy products that have less impact on the environment and climate. 28 I feel personally responsible for the conservation of nature and the environment. 21 Consistent policies to protect the environment will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of businesses in the future. 19 The switch to environmentally and climate-friendly products and production processes offers great employment opportunities. 16 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 62 56 62 53 47 58 56 44 45 51 42 50 45 39 41 33 32 34 31 28 33 31 26 33 31 18 24 24 17 23 18 15 19 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 57 55 64 44 50 52 46 46 48 43 46 45 41 40 40 30 31 36 32 28 33 29 26 32 20 21 22 17 16 24 20 14 19 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 4 Changing our way of living and doing business Socio-ecological transformation 66 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Assessing the need for change • When asked whether a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business is necessary in Slovakia, a good fourfifths of respondents answered"Yes, definitely"(31%) or"rather yes"(50%). This contrasts with 13% who(rather) do not consider fundamental change to be necessary. Attribution of responsibility- Which actors do too little? • In the opinion of the population, it is above all political parties and the government that should do more to tackle climate change: 80% of respondents say political parties do(way) too little and 77% think the government does(way) too little to tackle climate change. 60% see more responsibility on the part of businesses. 59% want more responsibility from trade unions, 58% from local citizens, 51% from local governments, 44% from the European Union. Non-governmental organisations are less likely to be expected to increase efforts(34%). The scientific community is seen as having the least responsibility(Way too little/too little: 31%). Socio-ecological transformation 67 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Attribution of responsibility- Which actors can contribute most to crisis management? • When it comes to addressing the climate and environmental crisis, the government is most often counted among the most influential actors(52%). Businesses are ranked second(41%). The European Union is considered influential by 36%, The scientific community by 34% and local citizens by 32%. These are followed by local governments(28%), political parties(13%), NGOs(13%) and trade unions(4%). Attitudes towards policies • 92% are of the opinion that politicians should pay much more attention to a socially just shaping of the change in our economic and life styles(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 37%). In addition, 87% are in favour of providing more financial support to people with low incomes if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures(highest level of agreement: 42%). At the same time, 72% feel uneasy about the idea of a fundamental change in our way of doing business and living, as they know from experience that many people will be worse off afterwards than before(highest approval rating: 19%). • 72% agree that low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pollution than other population groups(highest level of agreement: 26%). Socio-ecological transformation 68 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 92% are in favour of support programmes that help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products(highest level of agreement: 39%). Politicians should exert much more pressure on businesses to achieve climate-friendly production methods, say 81%(highest approval rating: 30%). Furthermore, 84% think that businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate-neutral(highest approval rating: 29%). In addition, 68% believe that politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely(highest approval rating: 18%). • 84% support a more consistent switch to renewable energy(highest approval rating: 35%). 77% agree with the statement "It annoys me that the EU controls climate policy, because this does not sufficiently take into account the special features of Slovakia"(highest level of agreement: 38%). • 76% think that, above all, strict and consistent laws are needed to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations(highest level of agreement: 26%). 78%, however, say that there are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business- if these were also implemented, we would be on the right track(highest approval rating: 19%). • 57% believe that structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result(highest level of agreement: 12%). Meanwhile, 76% say that jobs affected by structural change should be preserved as long as possible if there are no suitable alternatives(highest level of agreement: 20%). Socio-ecological transformation 69 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection • Mobility: 94% of respondents are in favour of reducing local public transport fares(highest level of agreement"I fully support": 59%). 89% are in favour of expanding the transport network and the frequency of local public transport(highest approval rating: 42%). More charging stations for electric or hybrid vehicles are advocated by 67%(highest approval rating: 26%), the promotion of electric vehicles by 62%(highest approval rating: 24%), a climate tax on airline tickets by 54%(highest approval rating: 19%) and the introduction of a car toll(so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more) by 47%(highest approval rating: 16%). • Energy: 84% are in favour of mandatory solar for public buildings and new private buildings(highest level of approval: 36%). 81% of respondents are in favour of building more wind turbines(highest approval rating: 36%) and 75% are in favour of membership in a cooperative(highest approval rating: 19%). • Technology/innovations/businesses: 93% of respondents are in favour of more support for the development of climatefriendly products and technologies(highest level of agreement: 42%). 85% are in favour of labelling climate-friendly products(highest approval rating: 35%). Reducing subsidies that are harmful to the climate is supported by 73%(highest approval rating: 26%) and making products that are harmful to the climate more expensive by 55%(highest approval rating: 19%). Socio-ecological transformation 70 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • Education: 92% support an improvement of school education in the field of environmental and climate protection (highest approval rating: 47%). 84% support training or further training(or retraining) for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future(highest level of support: 37%). • Housing: 91% approve of state support for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation(highest approval rating: 49%). Financial support for cost-efficient heating systems(e.g. heat pumps) is also supported by 91%(highest approval rating: 43%). 88% support state subsidies for private households to use renewable energy(highest approval rating: 44%), and 80% agree with legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances(highest approval rating: 29%). Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition • 96% of respondents agree that workers affected by the switch to renewable energy(e.g. job loss) should be supported in retraining for alternative jobs(highest level of agreement"Fully agree": 52%). Furthermore, 90% think that the affected employees should be financially supported(compensation payments, severance payments, etc.)(highest level of agreement: 41%). Socio-ecological transformation 71 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 93% of respondents think that private households that want to use renewable energy(e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pump) should be financially supported(highest level of agreement: 53%). In addition, 90% agree that the development of energy communities should be supported by the government(highest level of agreement: 38%). • According to 87% of the respondents, regions and municipalities affected by the conversion of electricity and heat supply to renewable energy(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support(highest level of agreement: 35%). Furthermore, 86% think that new industries should be actively established in the affected regions and municipalities(highest level of agreement: 33%). • 86% of respondents believe that citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) in order to help shape the community(highest level of agreement: 30%). • 58% of respondents can imagine taking an active part in shaping their community's energy supply, with 14% saying they could"definitely" imagine doing so. Asked whether they could imagine generating their own energy, 3% say they would already do so, 54% say they could"definitely" imagine this and 25% say they could"rather" imagine this. Socio-ecological transformation 72 Main findings Changing our way of living and doing business • 61% would"approve" of the construction of a solar park in their community if the profits generated by it benefited the community. Another 32% would accept it, 7% would oppose it. The construction of a wind park in their community would be"approved" by 51%(if the profits from it benefit the community). Another 34% would accept it, 15% would oppose it. • To fight climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. 70% of respondents think this should be done through more public subsidies for climate-neutral technologies and the replacement of heating. On the other hand, 5% support bans and 3% higher prices for oil, gas and coal. The remaining 22% of respondents are not in favour of any of the options mentioned. • When asked whether renewable energy has become more important since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, 20% answer"yes, renewable energy has become more important„. Another 37% answer with"rather yes„. 43% answered that renewable energy had not become more important. Socio-ecological transformation 73 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of doing business and living in Slovakia? Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Yes Yes, definitely Rather yes No Rather no No, not at all Don't know 31 81 50 10 13 3 6 Socio-ecological transformation 74 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of doing business and living in Slovakia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO Rather no No, not at all Don't know Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 81 92 96 79 85 74 85 82 58 76 88 31 45 58 34 24 18 30 36 17 25 28 50 48 38 45 61 56 55 46 41 51 61 13 5 1 16 10 18 9 14 25 18 4 10 4 1 14 8 14 6 11 17 16 4 3 1- 2 1 4 3 3 8 2 6 3 3 4 6 8 6 4 17 6 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 75 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of doing business and living in Slovakia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO Rather no No, not at all Don't know Total 81 31 50 13 10 3 6 Gender Male Female 77 85 28 34 48 50 17 9 13 7 4 2 7 6 18-29 83 35 48 11 9 2 6 30-39 83 34 49 10 8 2 7 Age(years) 40-49 77 28 49 16 14 2 8 50-59 84 32 52 12 7 5 4 60-69 78 28 50 14 11 3 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 76 Assessing the need for change In your opinion, is there a need for a fundamental change in our way of doing business and living in Slovakia? YES Yes, definitely Rather yes NO Rather no No, not at all Don't know Total 81 31 50 13 10 3 6 Education Low Medium High 76 80 83 25 30 36 51 50 48 7 14 12 7 10 10 - 3 2 16 6 5 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 80 80 85 25 30 35 54 50 50 11 13 12 9 10 9 1 2 3 10 7 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 77 Attribution of responsibility What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? The scientific community Local government at place of residence(e.g.municipality/city) Non-governmental organisations (e.g. local environmental movements) Citizens in their area Businesses European Union Trade unions Government Political parties TOO LITTLE 31 51 34 58 60 44 59 77 80 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 8 23 14 37 13 21 17 41 19 41 18 26 24 35 38 39 42 38 Way too little Too little 36 33 31 27 26 23 22 12 10 Exactly the right amount 17 8 82 18 8 72 43 16 9 41 42 22 TOO MUCH 25 10 26 9 7 25 5 6 4 Way too much Too much Don't know 8 6 9 6 7 8 14 5 6 Socio-ecological transformation 78 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 7 8 5 4 8 26 27 22 27 26 60 63 70 62 57 10 10 11 12 12 33 34 28 36 28 51 52 59 45 54 25 24 36 25 25 23 28 24 28 41 44 44 39 40 28 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 4 8 5 2 11 3 36 22 31 18 26 31 50 64 59 64 54 58 12 10 6 9 12 10 34 35 36 28 30 38 50 50 54 48 48 46 25 19 23 23 18 20 44 57 47 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 24 21 31 6 28 27 56 43 33 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 79 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 6 5 4 4 12 7 4 4 8 9 2 12 16 12 8 14 19 10 14 3 13 10 77 76 82 81 73 68 83 80 76 73 83 9 10 4 12 13 9 6 7 11 14 3 27 26 17 31 25 34 29 21 26 28 29 58 60 76 53 60 53 62 68 46 49 62 5 7 1 8 4 22 27 12 23 29 59 58 71 57 56 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists 8 5 5 25 17 21 57 64 56 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 3 7 10 17 28 24 56 53 47 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 80 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Total EST INT PER COS 4 4 2 3 4 10 12 6 10 18 80 82 88 80 76 26 26 33 30 32 31 34 39 26 38 34 34 27 30 22 25 30 39 30 35 36 35 30 31 34 31 30 25 33 24 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 8 4 3 7 4 2 10 6 9 7 15 11 75 89 84 71 76 77 23 24 23 19 21 38 30 25 30 23 36 30 40 41 38 40 38 16 22 21 18 47 37 37 24 36 38 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 18 22 35 30 35 37 33 36 21 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 81 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 7 26 60 10 33 51 25 23 44 Gender Male Female 7 5 30 23 59 62 10 10 34 32 50 52 29 21 24 22 42 48 18-29 12 25 56 14 34 47 30 25 37 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 3 6 5 4 30 25 25 27 58 62 64 62 10 9 11 9 34 36 32 28 49 50 53 56 29 21 23 22 25 23 21 19 37 50 51 50 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 82 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 6 12 77 9 27 58 5 22 59 Gender Male Female 8 4 13 11 76 79 10 9 28 26 58 59 6 5 23 21 60 56 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 4 7 5 8 6 15 11 13 12 9 77 77 77 77 79 12 10 7 9 9 19 30 23 33 29 65 53 65 53 55 8 6 4 26 24 22 48 57 61 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 5 4 17 19 66 59 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 83 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 4 10 80 26 31 34 25 36 31 Gender Male Female 6 3 10 10 80 80 26 26 32 29 34 35 30 21 36 35 29 32 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 4 3 4 6 5 10 11 10 9 9 80 80 81 80 79 36 28 20 23 24 33 34 32 29 24 20 29 39 39 44 41 27 19 28 36 42 25 28 31 strongly overrepresented overrepresented 23 18 35 36 36 34 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 84 Attribution of responsibility(1) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Businesses Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little European Union Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 7 26 60 10 33 51 25 23 44 Education Low Medium High 2 5 9 38 26 25 49 61 62 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 4 6 5 24 25 30 55 61 62 11 9 13 31 33 34 49 52 49 9 9 12 29 33 32 47 53 53 29 22 30 20 23 22 40 46 43 20 22 30 20 23 24 44 48 42 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 85 Attribution of responsibility(2) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Government Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Citizens in their area Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Trade unions Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 6 12 77 9 27 58 5 22 59 Education Low Medium High 7 5 7 7 12 13 76 77 78 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 7 5 8 12 13 12 73 77 79 14 8 9 16 29 25 60 57 62 16 8 9 18 26 28 53 60 60 6 6 6 22 21 24 51 60 56 9 5 7 12 24 22 58 56 62 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 86 Attribution of responsibility(3) What do you think: Are the following actors doing too much or too little to address climate change? Political parties Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little The scientific community Way too much/too much Just right Too little/way too little Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 4 10 80 26 31 34 25 36 31 Education Low Medium High - 5 5 13 9 11 74 80 81 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 3 4 5 12 10 10 74 81 82 16 24 34 34 29 32 36 36 27 20 25 31 23 30 33 42 35 31 27 22 34 24 37 36 36 32 26 20 23 31 24 38 37 39 32 27 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 87 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please name up to three of the most influential actors in your opinion. Government Businesses European Union The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Political parties Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 13 13 4 5 52 41 36 34 32 28 Socio-ecological transformation 88 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please name up to three of the most influential actors in your opinion. Government Businesses European Union The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Political parties Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Trade unions None of them Total EST INT PER COS 52 59 58 50 60 41 43 50 43 31 36 47 48 35 41 34 34 43 33 32 32 38 33 30 35 28 31 25 35 22 13 13 15 14 19 13 14 15 18 19 4 2 1 3 4 5 1- 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 51 54 50 48 44 54 39 48 45 34 40 37 38 34 27 23 32 38 39 36 31 26 33 37 25 33 32 28 32 41 20 32 36 26 23 29 20 10 10 12 8 16 10 9 15 13 12 8 8 1 2 3 9 5 6 4 4 16 4 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 89 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please name up to three of the most influential actors in your opinion. Government Businesses European Union The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Political parties Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 52 41 36 34 32 28 13 13 4 5 Gender Male Female 47 58 39 44 35 37 42 26 29 35 24 32 14 13 11 15 2 5 6 3 18-29 50 36 45 31 39 19 21 12 5 3 30-39 53 40 37 34 37 27 14 14 8 4 Age(years) 40-49 48 39 33 33 34 31 13 13 3 4 50-59 50 45 30 38 25 29 9 14 1 6 60-69 62 48 33 35 23 32 9 13 1 6 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 90 Attribution of responsibility And when it comes to tackling the climate and environmental crisis, which of the following actors do you think can contribute most to tackling the crisis? Please name up to three of the most influential actors in your opinion. Government Businesses European Union The scientific community Citizens in their area Local government at place of residence(e.g. municipality/city) Political parties Non-governmental organisations(e.g. local environmental movements) Trade unions None of them Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 52 41 36 34 32 28 13 13 4 5 Education Low Medium High 51 51 57 34 42 41 27 37 37 27 34 36 40 31 32 27 27 31 15 14 12 14 12 14 9 3 4 7 5 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 56 52 53 31 44 43 36 35 39 24 37 36 32 33 29 26 27 28 15 11 16 13 13 14 11 2 4 8 4 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 91 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climate-compatible production methods. There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 37 55 71 39 53 62 42 45 11 2 35 49 12 4 29 55 12 4 30 51 15 4 19 59 19 3 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 92 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) than other population groups. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 38 26 20 26 19 18 12 39 50 56 46 53 50 45 Fully agree Somewhat agree 18 5 18 6 21 3 18 10 24 4 28 4 33 10 Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 93 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 92 97 97 86 94 88 96 89 85 90 97 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 92 97 94 91 89 93 95 92 85 90 92 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 87 89 89 82 86 88 91 93 85 83 82 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 84 93 98 84 93 83 81 79 64 84 96 businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 84 95 93 81 87 86 89 86 64 74 90 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 81 88 93 79 89 78 80 81 64 76 86 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 78 80 78 84 72 80 80 81 65 75 80 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 94 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 77 76 50 76 69 82 90 83 85 82 66 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 76 87 88 72 79 80 78 76 49 72 88 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 76 80 50 81 68 88 83 80 72 80 75 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 72 72 76 72 78 69 82 69 65 70 69 than other population groups. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 72 70 42 66 64 84 84 73 78 77 69 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 68 71 59 65 69 67 76 66 66 64 69 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 57 62 74 60 77 58 46 45 31 63 67 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 92 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 92 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 87 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 84 Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 84 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 81 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 78 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 90 93 90 94 88 86 80 88 82 86 79 82 75 80 95 18-29 88 91 91 87 83 78 76 30-39 91 Age(years) 40-49 95 50-59 90 91 93 95 86 86 86 88 81 80 82 86 83 84 82 76 75 79 79 60-69 94 91 86 85 87 82 78 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 77 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 76 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 76 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 72 than other population groups. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 72 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 68 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 57 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 76 78 75 77 74 79 71 72 72 72 70 65 59 53 96 18-29 72 78 78 74 66 61 63 30-39 74 Age(years) 40-49 77 50-59 82 74 75 74 72 82 76 71 72 70 68 72 76 62 71 70 61 53 55 60-69 83 79 74 72 78 73 49 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 97 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 92 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 92 People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 87 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 84 Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 84 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 81 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 78 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 94 91 91 96 91 94 94 89 80 85 83 87 89 83 84 84 79 84 82 77 78 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 90 92 91 92 91 93 89 90 82 85 84 84 86 85 84 79 81 83 77 80 76 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 98 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 77 In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 76 If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 76 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 72 than other population groups. The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 72 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 68 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 57 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 78 80 70 78 76 74 75 79 71 64 73 71 71 75 64 69 69 64 51 56 58 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 77 78 74 72 78 75 77 78 72 77 74 68 75 73 68 67 67 67 53 53 62 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 99 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 42 45 35 43 33 42 45 42 53 37 38 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 39 55 49 44 28 28 42 41 33 31 40 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 38 36 17 34 19 38 57 40 52 37 26 politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 36 54 40 29 21 24 43 36 37 32 42 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 35 56 57 33 34 21 34 31 18 28 45 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 30 46 48 31 26 21 31 26 19 27 30 Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 29 54 46 28 19 21 33 31 10 21 22 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 100 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 26 48 44 26 20 14 25 23 13 26 25 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 26 29 33 28 34 14 27 28 22 24 28 than other population groups. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 20 23 9 26 16 15 21 20 28 23 15 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 19 24 5 18 16 16 24 17 25 23 20 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 19 21 21 27 14 19 17 16 14 22 14 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 18 21 18 13 10 14 23 19 18 24 15 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 16 22 11 8 12 8 9 9 14 9 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 42 There should be support programmes to help businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 39 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 38 Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 36 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 35 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 30 Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 29 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 46 39 39 39 41 35 37 36 34 36 29 32 30 28 101 18-29 37 43 30 32 42 30 31 30-39 40 Age(years) 40-49 42 50-59 44 35 40 39 36 37 40 29 36 38 30 36 32 29 31 28 21 31 28 60-69 50 39 47 48 34 35 34 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 26 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, building on green spaces) than 26 other population groups. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 20 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 19 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 19 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 18 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Gender Male Female 25 28 26 26 21 20 20 18 17 20 19 17 12 12 102 18-29 28 30 21 18 18 13 14 30-39 20 Age(years) 40-49 29 50-59 27 25 23 26 18 23 21 17 19 20 16 22 15 17 20 23 13 10 11 60-69 29 28 19 23 22 17 12 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 103 Attitudes towards policies(1) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total People with low incomes should receive more financial support if the costs for electricity and heating or mobility increase due to climate protection measures. 42 There should be support programmes to help Businesses switch to climate-friendly production processes and products. 39 It annoys me that climate policy is controlled by the EU, because this does not sufficiently take into account the specifics of Slovakia. 38 Politicians should do much more to ensure that the changes in our way of living and doing business are socially just. 36 We need a more consistent shift to renewable energy. 35 Politicians must exert much greater pressure on the economic sector to achieve climatecompatible production methods. 30 Businesses need clear guidelines from the state in order to become climate neutral. 29 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 51 46 31 44 37 43 29 42 30 31 37 38 29 34 40 24 30 34 27 27 34 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 55 45 36 39 40 40 34 37 39 36 40 34 29 35 36 31 29 32 28 30 30 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 104 Attitudes towards policies(2) To what extent do you agree with the following statements? Response category:"Fully agree" Total In order to preserve an environment worth living in for us and future generations, we need, above all, strict and consistent laws. 26 Low-income, ethnic or other minorities should not be more affected by environmental pressures(e.g. noise and air pollution, water contamination, development of green spaces) 26 than other population groups. If there are no suitable alternatives for the jobs affected by structural change, they should be maintained for as long as possible. 20 The idea of a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business worries me. I know from experience that many people are worse off afterwards than before. 19 There are already enough guidelines for a fundamental change in our way of living and doing business. If these were also implemented, we would be on the right track. 19 Politicians follow the guidelines of industry and businesses too closely. 18 Structural change measures should be enforced even if jobs are lost as a result. 12 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Education Low Medium High 18 26 28 29 24 29 26 20 18 20 21 15 18 18 20 22 19 15 16 10 13 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 24 25 28 28 25 28 18 20 21 27 21 14 26 18 17 18 18 19 15 9 14 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 105 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 6 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 12 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 33 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 38 Carbon tax on airline tickets 46 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 53 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 15 2 10 12 21 16 22 14 32 21 32 35 59 94 46 42 89 41 26 67 38 24 62 35 19 54 31 16 47 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Socio-ecological transformation 106 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Construction of more wind turbines Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATIONS/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Opposition 16 19 25 7 15 27 45 Support 5 11 48 36 84 6 13 45 36 81 5 20 56 19 75 25 4 11 7 20 13 32 51 42 93 50 35 85 47 26 73 36 19 55 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Socio-ecological transformation 107 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Opposition EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 8 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 16 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems (e.g. heat pump) 9 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 9 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 12 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 20 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Support 26 45 4 12 47 47 92 37 84 27 18 39 5 15 48 42 44 51 43 91 49 91 44 88 29 80 I completely reject it I would rather reject it I would rather agree I completely agree Socio-ecological transformation 108 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares 94 97 96 95 95 91 98 96 92 87 96 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 88 91 96 90 90 86 87 92 80 87 94 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 67 80 83 70 86 64 60 60 46 61 82 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 62 74 76 60 80 59 54 52 44 62 74 Carbon tax on airline tickets 54 60 64 49 57 43 61 54 43 51 63 Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 47 56 63 44 56 38 50 43 39 49 46 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 109 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Carbon tax on airline tickets Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Total 94 88 67 62 54 47 Gender Male Female 94 94 89 88 68 67 62 62 51 57 46 49 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 93 92 96 95 95 90 88 90 88 87 71 69 68 61 65 66 63 66 57 57 48 54 55 56 56 40 50 47 49 52 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 110 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" MOBILITY Reduce public transport fares Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) Carbon tax on airline tickets Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Total 94 88 67 62 54 47 Education Low Medium High 94 94 95 74 89 92 64 65 73 69 60 64 64 52 54 53 46 51 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 90 95 94 80 90 90 62 68 67 61 65 61 57 58 50 52 49 48 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 111 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport Reduce public transport fares Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 53 44 37 56 44 62 50 57 61 51 54 46 40 36 51 43 57 39 46 57 49 37 38 26 24 40 20 41 46 48 56 38 26 33 20 17 30 14 36 40 40 54 39 18 12 9 4 10 10 14 13 8 20 13 6 6 3 4 5 5 9 2 4 8 13 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 112 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more Carbon tax on airline tickets Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport Reduce public transport fares Total 53 46 38 33 12 6 Gender Male Female 54 51 49 43 38 38 32 33 11 12 6 6 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 60 50 53 51 48 52 46 45 44 44 34 37 34 43 43 29 31 32 39 35 10 12 10 12 13 7 8 4 5 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 113 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(1) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" MOBILITY Total Education Low Medium High Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) Introduce a car toll so that someone who drives a lot also has to pay more 53 47 54 49 48 51 52 Carbon tax on airline tickets 46 36 48 46 43 42 50 Promotion of electric vehicles(e.g. tax relief, financial subsidy) 38 31 40 36 39 35 39 More charging points for electric or hybrid vehicles 33 36 35 27 38 32 33 Extend the transport network and the frequency of local public transport 12 26 11 8 20 10 10 Reduce public transport fares 6 6 6 5 10 5 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 114 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Construction of more wind turbines Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 84 91 93 85 79 81 83 80 69 85 98 81 91 90 82 85 80 72 76 68 84 93 75 86 84 84 74 81 76 74 52 70 80 93 98 99 90 95 91 92 94 83 88 98 85 92 97 87 82 88 86 83 67 81 97 73 79 79 68 85 71 79 67 60 71 82 55 65 74 56 46 49 58 63 31 54 66 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 115 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Construction of more wind turbines Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total 84 81 75 93 85 73 55 Gender Male Female 83 84 79 83 73 78 91 93 84 87 74 73 53 59 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 84 86 84 79 85 82 85 82 83 73 76 78 76 76 72 92 90 94 92 94 83 87 86 84 86 73 78 74 72 68 55 60 53 54 56 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 116 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" ENERGY Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings Construction of more wind turbines Membership in a cooperative/energy community TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Labelling of climate-friendly products Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Making climate-damaging products more expensive Total 84 81 75 93 85 73 55 Education Low Medium High 80 83 85 86 80 83 76 77 72 89 92 93 86 85 88 78 70 80 51 55 60 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 80 84 84 78 83 82 81 77 74 88 93 94 78 88 86 79 72 73 54 55 60 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 117 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 25 14 16 16 26 19 24 26 48 30 20 19 9 10 18 15 20 28 24 32 16 7 16 9 7 15 21 19 17 20 31 15 2 45 35 26 44 54 51 42 37 69 46 34 27 21 21 32 15 29 21 33 40 29 18 15 8 3 13 18 12 14 17 33 19 3 7 2 1 10 5 9 8 6 17 12 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 118 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total 25 19 16 45 27 15 7 Gender Male Female 27 22 21 17 17 16 47 41 26 27 16 13 9 7 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 24 22 24 24 28 18 15 18 17 27 16 14 16 21 15 45 40 47 46 44 27 22 26 28 32 17 13 14 16 14 8 10 6 8 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 119 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(2) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" ENERGY Membership in a cooperative/energy community Construction of more wind turbines Compulsory solar energy for public buildings and new private buildings TECHNOLOGY/INNOVATION/BUSINESSES Making climate-damaging products more expensive Reduce subsidies that are harmful to the climate Labelling of climate-friendly products Promote the development of climate-friendly products and technologies more strongly Total 25 19 16 45 27 15 7 Education Low Medium High 24 23 28 14 20 17 20 17 15 49 45 40 22 30 20 14 15 12 11 8 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 19 23 26 22 17 18 20 16 16 46 45 40 21 28 27 22 12 14 12 7 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 120 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 92 95 98 90 86 94 93 92 82 87 99 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 84 88 95 80 85 82 85 84 73 84 91 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 91 94 97 93 90 90 89 87 82 92 97 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 91 94 97 89 92 88 92 93 87 90 92 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 88 93 96 89 91 86 84 85 81 86 95 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 80 86 89 82 88 79 82 77 67 74 87 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 121 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 92 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 84 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 91 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 91 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 88 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 80 Gender Male Female 90 93 86 82 91 91 92 91 87 89 80 80 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 89 94 94 89 90 87 86 86 85 77 91 92 92 91 87 91 90 93 91 92 89 91 87 86 86 80 82 78 79 81 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 122 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather agree" Total EDUCATION Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 92 Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 84 HOUSING Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 91 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 91 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 88 Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 80 Education Low Medium High 93 91 94 82 83 88 87 90 93 85 92 92 82 88 89 80 79 82 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 86 93 91 78 84 86 87 91 92 89 92 91 82 90 86 76 82 81 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 123 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 16 12 5 20 15 18 15 16 27 16 9 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 8 5 2 10 14 6 7 8 18 13 1 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 20 14 11 18 12 21 18 23 33 26 13 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 12 7 4 11 9 14 16 15 19 14 5 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 9 6 3 7 10 10 11 13 18 8 3 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 9 6 3 11 8 12 8 7 13 10 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 124 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 16 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 8 Gender Male Female 14 18 10 7 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 13 14 14 15 23 11 6 6 11 10 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 20 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 12 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 9 20 20 13 11 9 9 20 18 22 21 19 11 9 13 14 14 9 8 8 9 13 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 9 8 9 9 10 7 9 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 125 Assessment of measures in nature, environmental and climate protection(3) There are various proposals to advance climate and environmental protection. To what extent do you support the following measures? Response category:"I completely/ would rather reject it" Total EDUCATION Training/retraining/retraining opportunities for workers in jobs that will no longer be needed in the future 16 Improve school education in the field of environmental and climate protection 8 Education Low Medium High 18 17 12 7 9 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 22 16 14 14 7 9 HOUSING Legal regulations on the energy efficiency of electrical household appliances 20 State subsidies for private households if they use renewable energy(for heating, electricity generation) 12 Financial support for cost-efficient heating and thermal systems(e.g. heat pump) 9 20 21 18 18 12 11 13 10 7 24 18 19 18 10 14 13 9 8 State funding for the renovation of buildings for thermal insulation 9 15 8 8 11 8 9 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 126 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 52 44 31 53 40 52 41 49 82 38 52 82 35 52 11 2 33 53 12 2 30 56 12 2 Fully agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Completely disagree Socio-ecological transformation 127 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 96 99 99 93 87 96 96 96 97 92 96 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 93 96 94 93 92 92 94 92 86 93 96 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 93 87 89 89 89 92 94 90 83 93 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 90 97 99 89 86 90 90 91 77 90 97 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 87 91 86 88 80 86 88 90 88 84 91 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 86 90 92 86 82 85 89 85 78 86 89 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 86 90 92 87 92 84 84 87 77 83 91 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 128 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 96 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 93 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 90 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 87 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 86 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 86 Gender Male Female 94 97 92 93 89 90 89 92 88 87 89 83 84 88 18-29 93 91 89 86 86 86 85 30-39 94 95 90 92 86 80 85 Age(years) 40-49 99 94 92 93 91 89 90 50-59 97 92 91 92 89 89 85 60-69 95 90 87 88 84 86 85 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 129 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree/ Somewhat agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 96 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 93 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 90 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 90 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 87 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 86 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 86 Education Low Medium High 98 95 96 89 93 93 91 92 85 91 90 89 91 88 85 84 86 87 93 85 85 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 95 95 96 96 92 93 92 92 87 90 91 90 87 91 83 83 87 87 87 86 87 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 130 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 52 65 61 59 42 39 54 54 51 35 61 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 52 66 60 64 47 38 49 56 46 41 63 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 41 51 37 51 34 35 42 49 41 31 40 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 38 54 51 42 34 25 38 36 28 29 47 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 35 48 34 31 27 27 35 42 34 33 37 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 33 48 45 35 24 21 34 29 26 29 37 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 30 47 38 34 39 21 24 24 18 25 47 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 131 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 52 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 52 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 41 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 38 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 35 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 33 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 30 Gender Male Female 52 52 54 51 44 39 40 36 37 34 37 28 30 30 18-29 50 52 44 37 35 30 35 30-39 48 50 40 34 30 33 28 Age(years) 40-49 54 52 40 39 37 34 33 50-59 52 53 41 42 41 34 26 60-69 56 54 43 40 32 33 29 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 132 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition In the conversion of the electricity and heat supply to renewable energy, such as solar, wind, etc.… Response category:"Fully agree" Total ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should be supported in retraining towards alternative jobs. 52 ...private households that want to use renewable energy, e.g. solar electricity, solar heating or heat pumps, should be financially supported. 52 ...affected workers(e.g. in case of job loss) should receive financial support such as compensation payments, severance pay, etc. 41 ...the development of energy communities(community organised at local level to shape their energy supply more sustainably and independently) should be supported by the government. 38 ...affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions) should receive financial support. 35 ...new industries should be actively located in affected regions and communities(e.g. coal mining, natural gas, oil regions). 33 ...citizens should participate in public and political life(e.g. in citizens' forums, planning advisory boards) to help shape the community. 30 Education Low Medium High 62 51 52 56 52 52 58 40 38 42 38 38 40 34 36 34 32 34 38 28 32 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 48 53 53 60 52 52 53 42 37 42 37 40 41 37 32 37 32 35 38 28 33 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 133 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine being actively involved in shaping the energy supply of your community? 9 14 33 58 44 Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Could you imagine generating your own energy? 63 12 25 54 82 I already generate my own energy Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes No, not really No, not at all How would you evaluate the construction of a solar or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar park 7 Wind park 15 32 51 61 34 I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Socio-ecological transformation 134 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 58 74 72 65 66 60 49 46 30 58 79 14 21 18 25 9 11 7 11 4 16 26 44 53 53 39 57 48 42 35 26 42 53 42 26 28 35 34 40 51 54 70 42 21 33 23 28 26 28 33 42 44 40 33 20 9 3 1 9 5 7 9 10 30 9 1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 135 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 58 14 44 42 33 9 Gender Male Female 62 54 18 11 45 43 38 46 29 37 9 9 18-29 60 14 45 40 33 7 30-39 60 20 41 40 34 6 Age(years) 40-49 60 15 45 40 33 7 50-59 60 11 49 40 27 12 60-69 49 10 39 51 37 14 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 136 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine taking an active part in shaping the energy supply of your community(e.g. by joining/membership of an energy cooperative, financial participation or via a project in your community)? YES Yes, definitely Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all Total 58 14 44 42 33 9 Education Low Medium High 60 57 60 14 14 16 45 43 44 40 43 40 24 34 34 16 9 6 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 56 57 62 14 14 16 42 43 46 44 43 38 32 33 31 12 10 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 137 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy? YES Yes, definitely can imagine Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I can imagine I already generate my own energy Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 79 91 90 86 84 78 76 74 57 71 91 54 71 67 68 50 47 48 43 33 49 78 25 21 23 18 33 31 29 31 24 22 13 18 7 5 6 14 19 20 24 42 24 6 12 6 4 4 11 12 16 18 21 17 6 6 1 1 2 2 7 4 6 20 6 3 1 5 8 3 4 3 2 1 5 3 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 138 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely can imagine Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I can imagine I already generate my own energy Total 79 54 25 18 12 6 3 Gender Male Female 78 79 60 48 18 31 17 18 12 13 6 6 4 3 18-29 76 53 23 18 13 5 6 30-39 87 66 22 10 6 4 3 Age(years) 40-49 79 55 24 18 12 5 3 50-59 79 55 24 19 14 6 2 60-69 71 38 33 25 16 9 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 139 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Could you imagine generating your own energy(e.g. by installing solar panels on the roof or balcony)? YES Yes, definitely can imagine Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, not at all I can imagine I already generate my own energy Total 79 54 25 18 12 6 3 Education Low Medium High 73 79 81 45 54 56 27 24 25 22 19 14 11 13 10 11 6 4 6 2 5 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 71 81 81 53 51 60 18 29 21 27 16 15 18 11 11 8 6 4 2 3 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 140 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 61 71 87 64 67 52 51 60 46 61 69 32 26 13 32 27 40 40 32 40 34 26 7 3- 4 6 8 9 8 14 6 5 51 56 72 54 49 44 44 46 39 50 66 34 33 24 35 41 43 34 34 36 35 27 15 11 4 10 9 13 22 20 25 15 7 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 141 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 61 32 7 51 34 15 Gender Male Female 63 60 29 35 8 5 50 52 33 36 17 12 18-29 30-39 Age(years) 40-49 50-59 60-69 68 64 66 56 50 26 33 25 37 40 6 3 9 7 10 60 56 55 45 37 28 38 29 37 41 13 6 16 17 22 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 142 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition How would you evaluate the construction of a solar park or a wind park in your community if the profits it generates benefit the community? Solar I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Wind I think that would be good I would accept it I would reject it Total 61 32 7 51 34 15 Education Low Medium High 56 61 66 38 32 27 6 7 7 44 50 56 42 35 31 15 15 13 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 55 59 67 38 34 27 8 8 6 45 50 54 38 34 33 17 16 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 143 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement 70 Through bans 5 Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal 3 None of the above options, there are alternatives 22 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Socio-ecological transformation 144 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 70 83 88 71 75 64 68 61 51 61 84 5 5 1 4 10 9 6 4 3 7 5 3 2 3 4 2 3 2 2 2 5 2 22 10 8 20 12 24 24 32 44 27 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 145 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 70 5 3 22 Gender Male Female 70 69 4 6 3 3 23 22 18-29 64 10 6 19 30-39 74 4 3 18 Age(years) 40-49 67 6 2 26 50-59 73 2 2 23 60-69 70 4 0 26 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 146 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition For the fight against climate change, it is necessary to heat differently in the coming years. How should this be done? Through more public funding for climate-neutral technologies and heating replacement Through bans Through higher prices for oil, gas and coal None of the above options, there are alternatives Total 70 5 3 22 Education Low Medium High 58 70 73 15 3 7 4 2 3 24 24 17 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 62 69 76 4 7 3 3 2 4 31 22 18 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 147 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Have renewables(solar, wind, etc.) become more important to you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? Yes Yes, renewables have become more important Rather yes No Rather no No, renewables have not become more important Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 20 57 37 29 43 14 Socio-ecological transformation 148 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Have renewables(solar, wind, etc.) become more important to you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewables have become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewables have not become more important Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 57 71 77 55 67 56 48 56 33 51 73 20 37 32 19 21 14 13 14 8 19 26 37 33 46 36 45 42 35 42 24 32 47 43 29 23 45 33 44 52 44 67 49 27 29 22 20 31 25 32 36 31 31 31 27 14 7 3 13 8 11 16 14 37 18 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 149 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Have renewables(solar, wind, etc.) become more important to you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewables have become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewables have not become more important Total 57 20 37 43 29 14 Gender Male Female 55 59 18 21 37 38 45 41 29 30 16 12 18-29 56 19 36 44 32 12 30-39 54 22 32 46 34 12 Age(years) 40-49 59 23 36 41 28 13 50-59 60 18 43 40 24 16 60-69 57 17 40 43 26 17 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 150 Attitudes towards the energy and heat transition Have renewables(solar, wind, etc.) become more important to you since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict? YES Yes, renewables have become more important Rather yes NO Rather no No, renewables have not become more important Total 57 20 37 43 29 14 Education Low Medium High 56 57 58 13 19 24 44 38 34 44 43 42 29 29 29 15 14 14 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 55 60 55 14 20 23 42 40 32 45 40 45 24 28 33 21 13 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 5 Interest in information and level of knowledge Socio-ecological transformation 152 Main findings Interest in information and level of knowledge Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate • 70% of respondents express a fundamental interest in the topic of climate change. Of these, 16% are"very" interested. Less interest was expressed by 24%, and no interest at all by 6%. • 49% rate their level of knowledge about ecological interrelationships and environmental problems(e.g. forest dieback, biodiversity, etc.) as(rather) high. However, only 5% rate their level of knowledge as"very high" A(rather) low level of knowledge is attested by 51%, with 5% saying that they know very little about it. Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies • Only 4% of respondents feel"very well" informed about policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally friendly economy. 37% feel"rather well" informed. This compares to 51% who feel"rather not well" informed and 8% who feel"not at all well" informed. • Around four-fifths of respondents(79%) believe that policies for a change towards a more climate and environmentally friendly economy are not sufficiently explained and explained. Only 21% disagree(policies are sufficiently explained: yes: 2%, rather yes: 19%). Socio-ecological transformation 153 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological relationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? Interest I am very interested in it I am rather interested 16 High 70 Very high 54 Rather high 5 44 49 No interest I am less interested I am not interested in it at all 24 Low 30 Rather low 6 Very low 46 51 5 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Socio-ecological transformation 154 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 70 85 94 76 74 59 68 69 40 60 86 16 32 32 12 12 8 6 15 5 17 24 54 53 63 64 63 51 61 54 35 43 62 30 15 6 24 26 41 32 31 60 40 14 24 14 6 19 24 37 25 23 37 33 14 6 1- 5 2 5 7 9 23 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 155 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 70 16 54 30 24 6 Gender Male Female 67 72 17 15 50 58 33 28 24 24 10 3 18-29 67 20 48 33 28 5 30-39 76 20 56 24 21 3 Age(years) 40-49 67 15 52 33 25 8 50-59 70 15 55 30 22 8 60-69 67 9 58 33 24 10 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 156 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate There are always discussions about climate change, i.e. global warming, which will lead to environmental changes and changes in everyday life in the coming decades. How interested are you personally in this topic? INTERESTED I am very interested in it I am rather interested NOT INTERESTED I am less interested I am not interested in it at all Total 70 16 54 30 24 6 Education Low Medium High 67 66 80 20 12 22 47 53 58 33 34 20 27 27 16 6 8 4 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 62 71 72 18 15 17 45 56 56 38 29 28 31 22 22 7 7 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 157 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological relationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 49 57 67 56 53 41 45 48 30 46 59 5 8 4 9 3 4 2 6 2 9 3 44 50 63 47 50 37 43 41 27 38 56 51 43 33 44 47 59 55 52 70 54 41 46 41 31 41 46 53 53 48 53 49 39 5 2 2 3 1 6 2 4 17 4 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 158 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological relationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 49 5 44 51 46 5 Gender Male Female 56 42 7 3 49 39 44 58 41 52 4 6 18-29 50 8 42 50 46 4 30-39 50 7 43 50 45 6 Age(years) 40-49 47 5 43 53 47 5 50-59 49 3 46 51 47 4 60-69 49 2 46 51 46 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 159 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Climate How high do you rate your level of knowledge about ecological relationships and environmental problems(forest dieback, species extinction, pollution of the oceans, extreme weather, etc.)? HIGH Very high Rather high LOW Rather low Very low Total 49 5 44 51 46 5 Education Low Medium High 42 47 56 7 4 6 34 43 49 58 53 44 49 48 41 9 5 3 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 42 48 55 6 5 5 36 43 50 58 52 45 49 47 42 9 5 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 160 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you personally feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained? Good Very well informed Somewhat informed Not good Not very well informed Not informed at all Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 4 Yes Yes, policies are sufficiently explained 37 41 Somewhat, yes No Rather no 51 59 No, policies are insufficiently explained 8 2 19 21 60 79 19 Socio-ecological transformation 161 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you personally feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 41 54 43 48 44 46 30 39 24 50 43 4 5 4 4 4 4 1 5 0 8 7 37 49 38 44 40 42 29 34 24 42 36 59 46 57 52 56 54 70 61 76 50 57 51 41 53 43 52 48 62 58 55 44 53 8 6 5 9 4 6 8 4 21 6 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 162 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you personally feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 41 4 37 59 51 8 Gender Male Female 45 37 5 3 40 34 55 63 47 55 8 8 18-29 41 7 34 59 53 6 30-39 39 4 35 61 51 10 Age(years) 40-49 41 4 38 59 50 8 50-59 46 2 44 54 48 6 60-69 40 4 36 60 53 7 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 163 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies How well informed do you personally feel about policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy? INFORMED Very well informed Somewhat informed NOT INFORMED Not very well informed Not at all informed Total 41 4 37 59 51 8 Education Low Medium High 34 42 43 4 4 6 31 38 38 66 58 57 58 51 49 7 8 8 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 44 40 45 2 4 5 42 35 40 56 60 55 49 52 49 8 8 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 164 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 21 27 14 25 28 28 13 17 8 35 21 2 2- 2 3 2 1 5 1 6 19 24 14 23 26 26 12 12 8 29 21 79 73 86 75 72 72 87 83 92 65 79 60 58 65 53 62 62 60 69 53 52 66 19 16 21 22 9 10 27 14 38 13 13 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 165 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained Total 21 2 19 79 60 19 Gender Male Female 23 19 2 2 21 17 77 81 56 63 21 18 18-29 21 2 19 79 64 15 30-39 25 3 21 75 56 19 Age(years) 40-49 22 2 20 78 57 22 50-59 21 2 20 79 58 21 60-69 15 1 14 85 64 22 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 166 Interest in information and level of knowledge: Policies In your opinion, are policies for a more climate and environmentally-friendly economy sufficiently explained? YES Yes, the policies are sufficiently explained Somewhat, yes NO No, not really No, the policies are insufficiently explained Total 21 2 19 79 60 19 Education Low Medium High 33 19 20 4 2 2 29 18 18 67 81 80 49 62 59 18 19 21 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 22 22 20 3 3 1 19 19 19 78 78 80 55 60 61 23 18 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 6 Appendix: Communication Socio-ecological transformation 168 Topic interest in general Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Food and drink Environment and nature Garden and plants Family, children and child rearing Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Holiday, Travel Wildlife, animals and pets Current affairs Science and technology Sport Nutrition Information from the region, regional news Consumer electronics, television Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 62 53 52 48 48 43 42 42 40 38 35 33 31 30 Decoration and furniture Computers, computer games Psychology, spirituality, well-being Business, professions Fashion and Fashion Cars, motorbikes Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Cosmetics and Beauty Photography, filming Sustainable consumption Technology and gaming Stars, Celebrities 28 28 27 26 26 25 24 23 21 20 17 16 12 Socio-ecological transformation 169 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Food and drink Environment and nature Garden and plants Family, children and child rearing Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Holiday, Travel Wildlife, animals and pets Current affairs Science and technology Sport Nutrition Information from the region, regional news Consumer electronics, television Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 62 74 67 65 52 53 53 55 61 62 52 66 69 52 48 48 60 43 54 34 48 60 47 58 37 43 50 52 40 47 42 45 45 51 44 42 48 51 45 49 40 53 58 39 41 38 41 50 38 58 35 39 38 34 40 33 46 44 31 45 31 39 37 34 12 30 33 30 32 40 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 64 64 60 54 53 49 49 54 45 41 57 56 47 51 44 37 38 41 47 37 34 41 48 32 31 40 37 39 31 28 39 28 33 28 30 25 24 37 31 33 28 19 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 53 54 59 49 46 51 37 39 66 36 43 53 40 39 51 37 36 59 32 46 52 38 30 44 36 32 42 24 39 55 25 39 44 24 29 38 27 26 33 27 37 31 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 170 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Decoration and furniture Computers, computer games Psychology, spirituality, well-being Business, professions Fashion and Fashion Cars, motorbikes Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Cosmetics and Beauty Photography, filming Sustainable consumption Technology and gaming Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 28 34 28 37 28 28 24 31 15 30 32 28 22 30 29 44 28 20 27 21 31 42 27 33 34 26 33 25 22 27 19 28 30 26 32 26 21 27 26 24 23 23 23 35 26 36 22 35 24 29 19 23 21 24 27 25 28 14 33 31 29 21 25 16 31 27 24 32 31 26 46 19 17 19 10 27 32 23 28 28 32 33 21 18 12 15 22 30 21 31 22 27 30 18 15 13 16 22 23 20 26 23 23 22 19 13 18 10 26 28 17 22 38 13 26 8 10 13 8 16 22 16 15 18 18 42 10 11 7 11 21 27 12 11 7 12 21 10 8 11 10 16 16 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 171 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Food and drink Environment and nature Garden and plants Family, children and child rearing Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Holiday, Travel Wildlife, animals and pets Current affairs Science and technology Sport Nutrition Information from the region, regional news Consumer electronics, television Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 53 52 48 48 43 42 42 40 38 35 33 31 30 Gender Male Female 53 70 43 63 47 57 40 56 36 60 42 43 42 44 39 46 41 40 54 23 49 21 27 39 28 34 44 17 18-29 51 56 46 30 40 52 47 41 30 45 38 30 18 24 30-39 56 56 49 46 50 42 43 47 39 43 36 33 29 30 Age(years) 40-49 60 47 53 51 49 41 45 40 37 37 40 32 35 35 50-59 68 52 56 57 52 46 42 44 44 37 33 35 32 32 60-69 74 53 56 57 47 33 34 38 54 29 26 36 41 29 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 172 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Decoration and furniture Computers, computer games Psychology, spirituality, well-being Business, professions Fashion and Fashion Cars, motorbikes Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Cosmetics and Beauty Photography, filming Sustainable consumption Technology and gaming Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 28 28 27 26 26 25 24 23 21 20 17 16 12 Gender Male Female 17 40 42 14 21 33 28 24 11 41 39 11 30 19 19 26 5 37 22 18 15 19 26 6 8 15 18-29 27 37 33 20 31 27 28 21 27 26 20 31 15 30-39 31 30 29 30 26 26 27 26 19 21 18 19 12 Age(years) 40-49 30 25 26 29 27 28 26 23 27 20 13 14 10 50-59 31 26 27 30 25 24 27 28 19 20 19 11 12 60-69 23 20 19 20 20 18 13 16 14 13 13 4 7 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 173 Topic interest in general(1) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Health Food and drink Environment and nature Garden and plants Family, children and child rearing Music, Culture, Theatre, Art Holiday, Travel Wildlife, animals and pets Current affairs Science and technology Sport Nutrition Information from the region, regional news Consumer electronics, television Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 62 53 52 48 48 43 42 42 40 38 35 33 31 30 Education Low Medium High 57 62 63 57 53 50 38 53 55 35 49 50 38 46 55 42 43 43 33 42 47 47 44 38 29 40 45 36 37 43 27 35 40 27 31 41 18 32 33 34 31 28 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 65 64 59 54 52 54 50 52 55 47 49 50 51 50 44 45 41 46 24 38 56 46 41 45 34 40 44 31 35 45 24 31 46 34 32 37 25 33 30 29 31 32 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 174 Topic interest in general(2) Which of the following topics are you interested in? You can select all the topics in which you are personally interested. Decoration and furniture Computers, computer games Psychology, spirituality, well-being Business, professions Fashion and Fashion Cars, motorbikes Investments, insurance, tax tips and finance Wellness Cosmetics and Beauty Photography, filming Sustainable consumption Technology and gaming Stars, Celebrities Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 28 28 27 26 26 25 24 23 21 20 17 16 12 Education Low Medium High 33 28 28 38 27 27 22 25 33 22 27 24 29 24 29 22 26 24 22 21 33 14 23 24 18 20 25 26 19 21 9 15 23 20 16 16 15 11 11 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 33 28 28 25 28 31 25 26 28 18 25 29 30 25 26 15 21 35 13 20 36 21 19 27 23 20 22 30 18 19 13 14 23 16 14 20 12 12 12 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 175 Consumer interests For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Coffee/tea Bicycle Clothing/Fashion Cosmetics/Perfume Eating out(restaurants) Furniture Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Delicatessen- high quality food Beer Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 30 22 17 16 14 13 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality spirits/whisky High quality jewellery Wine/Champagne High-end hi-fi equipment Handbags Donations for charitable purposes Exclusive accessories Costume jewellery Porcelain/ Glasswork None of these products 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 37 Socio-ecological transformation 176 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Coffee/tea Bicycle Clothing/Fashion Cosmetics/Perfume Eating out(restaurants) Furniture Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Delicatessen- high quality food Beer Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS 30 33 37 40 34 22 26 22 22 39 17 19 16 22 27 16 16 19 23 10 14 16 12 15 12 13 16 11 22 13 11 13 14 16 20 10 11 12 14 12 10 18 7 11 13 10 17 9 7 6 10 12 10 12 8 9 10 12 7 18 9 5 4 9 11 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 29 26 21 23 14 12 21 12 13 23 13 10 21 11 10 11 9 10 12 4 6 12 8 5 15 4 6 14 7 7 9 9 12 11 6 8 16 4 6 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 15 34 41 14 25 42 6 22 21 8 20 23 4 18 22 7 20 18 8 8 14 6 10 18 2 17 16 2 14 15 6 12 17 8 4 10 5 19 9 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 177 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality spirits/whisky High quality jewellery Wine/Champagne High-end hi-fi equipment Handbags Donations for charitable purposes Exclusive accessories Costume jewellery Porcelain/Glasswork None of these products Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 5 5 4 5 12 8 2 4 1 7 8 5 7 2 8 6 5 2 1 1 12 4 5 5 5 7 10 5 4 4 2 10 6 4 10 4 6 7 2 2 2 1 3 4 4 6 5 6 2 5 3 3 2 2 9 4 3 6 5 8 3 2 2 2 2 5 4 3 3 7 9 4 0 1 1 5 6 4 8 10 4 4 2 1 5- 3 6 3 3 4 2 9 2 2 1 1 2 4 2 1 2 1 10 3- 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 3- 1 1 3 1 37 30 32 21 22 30 51 50 60 26 23 EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 178 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Coffee/tea Bicycle Clothing/Fashion Cosmetics/Perfume Eating out(restaurants) Furniture Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Delicatessen- high quality food Beer Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 30 22 17 16 14 13 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 Gender Male Female 29 30 32 12 23 11 16 17 19 8 11 16 5 16 10 11 9 12 7 13 14 6 9 9 12 5 18-29 36 39 28 15 17 19 16 16 16 12 7 10 12 30-39 31 24 18 20 17 19 15 13 13 12 12 12 14 Age(years) 40-49 27 22 17 15 14 10 7 9 9 8 10 7 5 50-59 31 12 13 16 13 12 9 8 10 10 14 7 8 60-69 24 13 9 16 7 7 6 4 5 9 10 8 4 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 179 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality spirits/whisky High quality jewellery Wine/Champagne High-end hi-fi equipment Handbags Donations for charitable purposes Exclusive accessories Costume jewellery Porcelain/ Glasswork None of these products Total 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 37 Gender Male Female 5 5 5 4 7 4 2 6 5 4 7 1 1 6 3 5 3 3 1 3 2 2 33 40 18-29 10 6 6 7 5 4 4 5 6 4 2 16 30-39 5 5 7 1 4 3 5 4 3 0 1 28 Age(years) 40-49 4 5 6 4 4 6 3 5 1 2 2 42 50-59 5 5 5 6 4 3 2 2 3 2 3 44 60-69 2 2 3 2 4 2 3 3 1 1 1 55 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 180 Consumer interests(1) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. Holidays and travel PC/Tablet/Smartphone Cars Coffee/tea Bicycle Clothing/Fashion Cosmetics/Perfume Eating out(restaurants) Furniture Kitchen furniture and equipment Do-it-yourself/ garden tools Delicatessen- high quality food Beer Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 30 22 17 16 14 13 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 Education Low Medium High 29 28 36 22 21 25 15 17 18 22 17 14 22 14 10 24 12 14 13 9 13 7 9 15 11 10 12 6 10 12 9 12 8 11 8 11 14 8 7 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 20 27 37 20 20 26 12 14 23 23 14 19 14 12 17 19 11 14 12 10 10 8 7 15 13 10 12 15 9 10 7 10 13 7 8 12 14 8 9 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 181 Consumer interests(2) For which of the following products/items are you willing to spend more money than average? Whether you buy the products for yourself or for another person as a gift, e.g. as a reward or for a special occasion. (Wrist) Watches Antiques High quality spirits/whisky High quality jewellery Wine/Champagne High-end hi-fi equipment Handbags Donations for charitable purposes Exclusive accessories Costume jewellery Porcelain/Glasswork None of these products Total 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 37 Education Low Medium High 13 4 5 6 4 5 7 5 5 7 3 6 - 4 7 - 4 4 9 2 5 9 3 6 2 2 4 4 2 1 4 1 3 29 40 31 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 8 5 6 3 5 4 2 3 10 1 3 7 3 3 7 2 4 4 7 2 4 7 3 5 1 2 4 5 2 1 2 1 3 42 41 27 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 182 Media use Now we would like to know your habits and ways of using media. How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online? Internet(not social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Radio Communication/messenger services (e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Daily newspaper TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) 77 13 4 2 31 65 15 6 2 6 6 46 19 10 4 12 8 44 22 10 4 13 7 38 17 12 4 14 14 19 20 17 8 20 17 20 14 13 6 26 22 14 16 12 6 19 33 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Books/Audiobooks Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Journals, magazines 11 14 15 10 29 21 6 16 19 9 27 22 6 14 18 11 32 18 Computer games/video games 13 12 10 6 22 37 Music streaming services(e.g. 13 11 8 5 23 40 Spotify) Online media libraries of TV channels 6 11 10 8 29 37 Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs 24 6 7 33 49 Cinema 12 5 12 58 22 Daily Several times a week Several times a month About once a month Rarer Never Socio-ecological transformation 183 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category: At least several times a month Internet(not social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Radio Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Daily newspaper TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Books/Audiobooks Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Journals, magazines Computer games/video games Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Online media libraries of TV channels Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Cinema Total EST INT PER COS 94 96 99 95 98 86 89 83 89 94 76 78 71 73 70 76 82 71 80 74 67 76 73 75 82 56 59 60 64 78 46 53 51 38 54 43 37 52 50 76 41 49 56 36 52 41 51 46 38 50 38 46 43 26 47 35 27 31 32 60 33 32 44 40 72 26 24 31 30 38 12 9 6 10 20 8 13 6 6 18 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists ADA CMS TRA 92 92 95 86 85 82 80 79 81 71 81 81 69 55 66 61 43 50 47 45 50 39 30 29 35 31 43 40 40 39 42 36 47 42 26 33 33 13 14 31 18 15 20 8 9 10 5 3 strongly overrepresented overrepresented CMA SEN PRO 91 88 96 82 88 92 76 71 79 68 70 84 48 67 76 34 58 73 30 44 59 28 50 64 30 41 46 30 40 46 22 39 44 27 43 48 17 43 56 14 33 42 7 18 15 3 15 11 strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 184 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category: At least several times a month Internet(not social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Radio Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Daily newspaper TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Books/Audiobooks Newsletters from providers of products and services Journals, magazines Computer games/video games Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Online media libraries of TV channels Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Cinema Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 94 86 76 76 67 56 46 43 41 41 38 35 33 26 12 8 Gender Male Female 95 93 85 87 74 78 78 74 68 66 62 50 47 46 47 38 35 47 38 45 37 40 42 28 40 26 31 21 15 8 9 8 18-29 96 94 63 71 76 73 39 68 46 36 30 48 62 34 13 11 30-39 96 93 71 76 75 70 42 52 41 43 39 38 39 34 16 13 Age(years) 40-49 96 86 79 79 68 54 46 40 39 44 33 31 25 28 14 4 50-59 89 79 80 77 59 38 49 32 37 40 39 30 22 18 8 7 60-69 92 77 89 76 55 40 56 18 41 43 54 28 15 14 7 6 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 185 Media use How often do you read, watch, listen to or use the following media/offers, regardless of whether you use them analogue/offline or digital/online. Response category: At least several times a month Internet(not social media) Social networks/social media(e.g. Facebook, Twitter) "Normal" television programme Radio Communication/messenger services(e.g. WhatsApp, Skype) Audio and video podcasts(e.g. via iTunes, YouTube, podcast portals) Daily newspaper TV/video streaming services(e.g. Netflix) Books/Audiobooks Newsletters from suppliers of products and services Journals, magazines Computer games/video games Music streaming services(e.g. Spotify) Online media libraries of TV channels Watch Blu-ray Discs, DVDs Cinema Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Total 94 86 76 76 67 56 46 43 41 41 38 35 33 26 12 8 Education Low Medium High 85 94 97 89 86 84 71 77 75 67 76 78 65 64 75 64 52 63 42 46 49 46 39 49 44 35 54 35 40 48 29 38 44 49 33 34 36 31 36 38 24 27 15 10 13 18 6 11 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 82 95 96 87 87 84 74 78 76 61 75 83 58 64 76 53 52 62 45 47 47 33 40 50 45 39 46 30 44 44 38 38 42 34 34 37 27 29 39 28 26 27 13 11 13 12 6 10 strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 186 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? 59 70 33 12 37 13 7 4 20 24 28 19 18 16 2 4 10 5 43 60 68 75 80 93 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. Frequently Occasionally Never Socio-ecological transformation 187 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 70 77 60 81 69 72 69 68 68 71 69 59 60 62 63 73 64 49 64 36 62 77 33 33 37 32 72 35 20 29 14 34 55 13 8 7 12 32 12 10 9 10 22 17 12 14 12 18 17 12 12 10 5 13 13 7 6 10 8 21 6 2 2 1 10 7 4 4 7 9 7 4- 2 2 8 4 2 1 1 1 4 2 1- 1 8 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 188 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 70 59 33 13 12 7 4 2 Gender Male Female 66 75 65 53 32 34 15 10 6 18 9 4 5 4 2 2 18-29 65 83 68 28 16 12 5 4 30-39 80 72 44 16 12 7 8 3 Age(years) 40-49 74 54 22 8 10 8 3 2 50-59 66 45 17 6 10 2 2 0 60-69 64 37 12 5 13 2 2 1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 189 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category:„Frequently“ Facebook YouTube Instagram TikTok Pinterest Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 70 59 33 13 12 7 4 2 Education Low Medium High 76 70 71 69 56 64 42 30 37 24 12 9 9 11 17 6 6 9 6 2 9 6 1 2 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 76 71 71 56 56 64 31 30 36 15 13 11 17 13 10 4 7 7 4 3 7 2 2 1 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 190 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category: At least occasionally YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest TikTok Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO 96 94 96 98 96 96 95 97 90 97 100 90 94 88 96 96 86 89 89 88 90 89 57 58 62 59 86 55 52 50 30 66 74 40 46 38 44 56 34 37 43 27 43 49 32 28 19 32 51 33 29 31 23 46 38 24 29 28 28 52 22 11 16 13 34 28 21 21 29 24 38 18 11 16 9 31 24 6 7 4 5 19 6 2 3 4 17 2 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 191 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category: At least occasionally YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest TikTok Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 96 90 57 40 32 24 21 6 Gender Male Female 96 95 89 91 56 57 28 53 32 31 31 18 22 20 8 5 18-29 98 91 85 49 44 36 25 10 30-39 97 95 64 46 34 28 28 9 Age(years) 40-49 97 89 48 34 29 20 19 4 50-59 95 88 43 37 27 18 16 4 60-69 90 87 41 35 24 20 13 4 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 192 Media use How often do you personally use the following platforms or social media(whether professionally or privately and regardless of the device)? Response category: At least occasionally YouTube Facebook Instagram Pinterest TikTok Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Total 96 90 57 40 32 24 21 6 Education Low Medium High 93 96 96 89 91 88 60 55 60 35 38 47 40 33 24 20 24 26 14 15 38 7 5 9 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 91 96 97 95 89 89 55 54 59 39 41 41 34 34 26 19 25 26 10 20 26 4 8 6 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 193 Communication expectations When you think about what you use media for, e.g. newspapers, magazines, Internet, television, radio etc. and what you expect from it, which of the statements below apply to you? It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. I find it important to learn about a Topic from different sources of information. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media helps me to form my own opinion on important topics. Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. 60 54 37 37 42 40 30 42 18 49 Applies completely Somewhat applies 36 31 40 51 54 81 53 91 48 82 50 91 21 7 24 9 Mostly doesn’t apply Doesn’t apply at all Socio-ecological transformation 194 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 96 100 100 97 91 96 99 95 92 90 100 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 94 98 95 98 91 94 98 94 91 88 95 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 91 97 94 95 90 87 95 91 77 87 100 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 90 97 95 94 91 89 92 84 76 89 94 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 90 96 90 85 85 92 92 92 90 87 90 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 90 92 93 90 92 91 95 90 76 89 94 72 82 64 75 79 78 71 68 67 69 70 67 75 81 68 73 69 65 56 57 69 67 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 195 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies" Total It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 96 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 94 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 91 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 90 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 90 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 90 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 72 Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 67 Gender Male Female 96 96 93 95 91 91 90 90 88 93 91 88 70 75 67 68 18-29 94 91 92 89 88 87 69 59 30-39 95 95 93 90 91 92 79 68 Age(years) 40-49 97 95 90 90 90 91 74 70 50-59 97 95 91 90 90 87 76 71 60-69 97 95 88 89 93 91 62 70 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 196 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:„Applies completely/ Somewhat applies" It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. Total 96 94 91 90 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 90 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 90 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 72 Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 67 Education Low Medium High 93 96 97 93 94 95 85 90 95 84 90 91 87 92 87 78 91 92 78 71 74 65 68 68 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 91 96 98 93 95 93 90 90 92 89 89 90 91 92 89 87 89 93 78 71 74 63 70 65 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 197 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:"fully applies" Total EST INT PER COS ADA CMS TRA CMA SEN PRO It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 60 72 80 65 52 49 57 62 56 39 66 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 54 64 52 57 41 50 70 65 48 34 55 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 42 55 46 51 28 32 44 40 49 29 35 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 40 48 52 47 34 29 41 46 33 25 50 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 37 50 47 42 39 32 27 37 27 30 52 37 48 55 44 30 30 34 41 30 26 37 30 37 27 31 24 35 29 29 31 28 23 18 27 25 15 15 24 14 16 14 18 15 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. EST = Established INT = Intellectuals PER = Performers COS = Cosmopolitan Avantgarde ADA = Adaptive Navigators CMS = Conventional Mainstream TRA = Traditionals CMA = Consumer Materialists SEN = Sensation-Oriented PRO = Progressive Realists strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 198 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:"fully applies" Total It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. 60 Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. 54 I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. 42 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 40 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 37 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 37 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 30 Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 18 Gender Male Female 63 57 49 60 37 46 45 35 38 37 38 36 30 31 19 18 18-29 70 55 39 43 44 42 28 14 30-39 53 47 41 40 33 33 32 19 Age(years) 40-49 57 52 39 39 35 34 34 21 50-59 58 59 45 38 37 38 31 20 60-69 62 60 45 41 38 39 24 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation 199 Communication expectations If you think about what you use media such as newspapers, magazines, internet, TV, radio etc. for and what you expect from them, which of the statements below apply to you? Response category:"fully applies" It is important for me to have trustworthy sources of information. Protecting my personal data on the internet is extremely important to me- I'm careful about that. I prefer short, concise information that summarises the most important things. Total 60 54 42 I find it important to learn about a topic from different sources of information. 40 For me, it is very important to get a quick overview of important topics. 37 I attach great importance to being thoroughly informed in order to better understand backgrounds and contexts. 37 On social networks, I mainly want to exchange information with my friends- I get my information elsewhere. 30 Media help me to form my own opinion on important topics. 18 Education Low Medium High 58 56 69 49 54 58 47 39 46 36 38 46 40 35 43 42 34 46 35 29 31 16 17 23 Net equivalent income(HH/month) Low<60% (<424€) Medium 60-140% (424-989€) High>140% (>989€) 56 59 62 52 56 52 50 41 40 42 39 44 36 38 38 40 35 40 27 31 32 22 17 19 Basis: 1,200 cases, total sample; figures in%. strongly overrepresented overrepresented strongly underrepresented underrepresented Socio-ecological transformation Imprint Socio-ecological transformation 201 Contact persons Dr Christoph Schleer Associate Director Research& Consulting christoph.schleer@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-27 Naima Wisniewski Research& Consulting naima.wisniewski@sinus-institut.de +49 6221 8089-54 © Copyright 2023 SINUS Market and Social Research GmbH This work is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced or processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic systems in any form(photocopy, microfilm or any other process), not even for the purpose of teaching, without the written consent of Sinus Markt- und Sozialforschung GmbH. Quotations and reprints, including excerpts, are only permitted with express permission and reference to the source. Part of the INTEGRAL-SINUS-OPINION Group