The fast expansion of renewable energy systems in the coming years will create significant numbers of new job opportunities in Europe and worldwide. Without a labour market capable of filling these jobs, the energy transition will face severe skills bottlenecks, putting at risk the much-needed rapid shift towards a low-carbon economy. At the same time, the energy sector workforce worldwide is characterised by a gender gap greater than in most other sectors. This study assesses the scale of skills needs in the energy sector in the years to come, analyses factors hampering female employment in this sector and elaborates recommendations for attracting and integrating female workers more equally into the energy labour markets. It investigates the situation in the EU, as well as in selected Eastern Neighbourhood countries.