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Shared security and peace governance : the Malian experience
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operate on the national territory and/or in a particular region and capable of acting in public view, namely: private or partisan militia, rebel groups, dissident factions, legal forces, networks of organised traffickers of weapons and armed violence, hard drugs traffickers and transborder armed groups. Though outmoded, the concept of security system is often confused with that of security sector. 1.13. Security Sector. The security sector had been for a long time considered as the exclusive area of operation of defence and security forces. Today, the concept has assumed a wider meaning while encompassing not only the security area, strictly speaking, but also all the other related areas, namely: human, food, environment, health, education, employment, housing, etc. Therefore, the security sector covers a wide spectrum of notions, starting from public security institutions and extending to individual actors, through public or non-public corporations and organisations(government-owned structures and their decentralised units, civil society organisations, public or private security enterprises, individuals or groups of individuals). These military, civilian, political, economic, social and cultural organisations contribute, in general, to the formulation, implementation, regulation and control of the national security policies. For this reason, the s ecurity sector is the target, per excellence, of reform or transformational drives, as far as the security system is concerned. 1.14. Security Sector Actors: This title refers to persons and corporate bodies, as well as institutions in charge of administration, organisation, direction, control and supervision of security services provision. The notion of Security Sector Actors does not occasion any prejudice to the legality or legitimacy of the mandate of certain individuals, groups of individuals, organisations and implementation organs. The actors are identified on the basis of a typology which highlights two categories: statutory actors and non statutory actors. Their 11