'Lai Olurode and MK Hammanga Notes 1. Lancelot Anyanya'Security Challenges of Election Management: Nature and Management of Rivalry Between States Security Services for Effective Election Administration','Lai Olurode and Attahiru Jega(eds.) Security Challenges of Election Management in Nigeria (Abuja: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung). 2. Comments by the chairman, Police Service Commission (PSC) on'why Nigeria is not safe at night'. According to The Punch newspaper report of Oct. 19, 2011,'He lamented the inappropriate deployment of policemen, noting that out of a staff strength of 321, 250 officers, about 100,000 policemen were attached to private individuals, thus leaving the larger part of the Nigeria population unprotected. 3. Parry Osayande spoke about factors militating against effective policing. These included the award of bogus contracts and outright diversion of resources meant for development of the force. He also decried the proliferation of security agencies in Nigeria which has deprived the police of funds and infrastructure. 4. See the posers which Lamidi Adedibu posed to Ladoja, the former governor of Oyo State when he indicated interest in politics see Lai Olurode'The Sociology of Impeachment', Lai Olurode(ed. 2007) Impeachment and the Rule of Law: The Future of Democracy in 82 ELECTION SECURITY IN NIGERIA: MATTERS ARISING Deployment of Security Personnel in Elections: Challenges and Lessons from the Field Nigeria(University of Lagos, Faculty of Social Sciences) pp. 20-35 but particularly page 23 where Lamidi Adedibu was quoted to have asked Ladoja three questions thus:'(1) whether he knew how to abuse people;(2) whether he could remove his clothes in public and(3) whether he could tell lies about somebody and swear publicly on the Holy Koran' see details also in Saturday Punch, Jan. 14, 2006. 5. Nigeria's President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan was quoted to have promised Nigerians that the 2015 elections would hold without provision of police security. According to Jonathan“The next step of our campaign is that we want to make sure we conduct elections in Nigeria without security carrying guns to follow us” see The Punch Feb. 22, 2012. 6. The Minister of Police Affairs put the number of serving police officers at 370,000 with a promise to recruit 280,000 more see The Punch May 16, 2012. Nigeria has not got enough police to secure all its current 120,000 polling units effectively. 7. Election Observers reports on the conduct of policemen during elections. Positive commendations also come the way of the police in our recent elections. For example, see National Democratic Institute report on the April 16, 2011 presidential election. The observer group acknowledged the role of security services which in the majority of polling stations played positive role and a low ELECTION SECURITY IN NIGERIA: MATTERS ARISING 83