foreword This is the fourth of a series of publications by the Electoral Commission, in collaboration with the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Ghana on elections conducted by the Commission. The function of elections as an arbiter in a democracy makes it imperative to pay particular attention to organisation of the elections as it is the foundation for the legitimacy government is given in any political system. A critical look at these four publications reveals that electoral reforms carried out over the years have contributed in the building of confidence and trust in the electoral system. Above all professionalism and impartiality associated with the conduct of elections has won the trust of not just the people of Ghana but also the international community. In spite of its reputation and credibility in the conduct of elections, the conduct of the elections in 2008 was against the backdrop of growing disenchantment with the capability of African countries to hold credible and peaceful elections and therefore pose two distinctive challenges. First, the elections were an. opportunity for Ghana to provide an example of successful and democratic elections after recent failed elections in some African countries. Secondly, the elections provided an opportunity for the country to consolidate its democracy, peace and political stability. Notwithstanding this, the Commission strives for excellence in the promotion of credible elections, transparency and integrity of the electoral system in order to strengthen the consolidation of democracy in Ghana. We wish to acknowledge the role of the Research Department of the Electoral Commission as well as the Director of Elections for making this publication a reality. Mrs Daniela Kuzu Resident Director, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Ghana Dr. Kwadwo Afari-Gyan Chairman Electoral Commission of Ghana iii