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Managing election-related violence for democratic stability in Ghana
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Managing Election- Relation Violence for Democratic Stability in Ghana securitization theory, political discourse. Introduction Ghana has progressed steadily since it decided to chart the path of democracy in 1992 and has often been touted one of the most peaceful and relatively stable democracies in the West Africa sub­region. Nonetheless, the country grapples with a contradictory democracy development process: on the one hand, its nascent democracy features five successive and uninterrupted cycles of presidential/parliamentary elections, political plurality and participation, and relatively strong institutions of governance; on the other hand, there are overt political tensions and polarization, marked by vitriolic language between opposing politicians and party members which sometimes results in political strife or sporadic, election-related violence. Political parties in Ghana adopt a comprehensive range of strategies to marshal votes for capturing political power. The strategies include: the use of prevailing economic conditions; appeals to political traditions, ethnic identity, religion; use of money and other material incentives; and in recent years, an increasing use of insults and derogatory language against opponents(Ninsin, 2006). Alarmingly, as this study will show, Ghana's political discourse has been increasingly marked by verbal abuse and unguarded political rhetoric as elections draw near. Such vitriolic or intemperate language in the political discourse often triggers a range of controversies,(mis)interpretations and disputes that consequently pose a potential threat to the peaceful conduct of elections 98