Managing Election- Relation Violence for Democratic Stability in Ghana commencing on 7 November 1992. Among other features, the 1992 Constitution guarantees the fundamental freedoms of all the people of Ghana through the inclusion of the concepts of participation, equal opportunity and human rights. For example, while Chapter Five of the 1992 Constitution focuses on the promotion of fundamental human rights in the country, Chapter Six 50 provides for broad policy guidance to all'citizens, Parliament, the President, the Judiciary, the Council of State, the Cabinet, political parties and other bodies and persons in applying or interpreting this Constitution or any other law and in taking and implementing any policy decisions, for the establishment of a just and free society. Thus, political parties are mentioned as being among the key actors that implement provisions of the 1992 Constitution to transform the quality of life in Ghana. However, political parties operate within a wider social and political environment that affects the performance of party politics in Ghana. Structural Gaps For example, in Ghana, the traditional cultural system coexists with the rules-based official system(Aning, 2011). However, each 51 system operates along different lines. In the traditional system, one finds issues of biological ties, ethnic affinities and chieftaincy that connect to a geographical location with particular sets of values, precedents and traditions that apply to the group. Although a range of social interventions 52 have been implemented 50 The Directive Principles of State Policy under Chapter 6 of the 1992 Constitution provide broad guidelines within which national policy should be formulated, interpreted or implemented. 51 i.e. the 1992 Constitution; Acts of Parliament; existing laws; case law; legislative, executive and constitutional instruments, local government bye-laws etc 52 Since independence, inter-ethnic marriages, boarding schools, free education for people from the northern parts of the country, and the National House of Chiefs system are among several social interventions that have contributed to de-compartmentalizing traditional social groupings. 143
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Managing election-related violence for democratic stability in Ghana
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