Managing Election- Relation Violence for Democratic Stability in Ghana KAIPTC. In 2008, PVT results and the results of the EC were almost the 117 same. Although the use of PVT has caused controversy in some countries such as Côte d'Ivoire, its peaceful adoption by CODEO is an indication of how effectively and efficiently the coalition executed the project. However, while PVT has the advantages of ensuring independent verification of official election results and thereby preventing the manipulation of those results, it also has the tendency to generate violence if not professionally managed. It becomes very risky, for example, if the implementing organisation goes ahead to declare results ahead of official declaration or declares results that contradict those of the official election management body. Moreover, with the improvement in information and communication technology (ICT), some unscrupulous people can even tap or hack into the system and manipulate election results if the system is not well managed. The neutrality and the integrity of people managing the PVT system can also not be underrated. It is instructive to note that although CODEO is currently the only organisation in Ghana that uses the PVT observation methodology, the likelihood of other CSOs, especially those that are politically affiliated, adopting it in the near future is very high. This can actually pose a very significant threat to Ghana's stability if groups use or manipulate it to serve their parochial interest. Thus, while the use of PVT is a welcome innovation in the observation of elections in Ghana, its use should be professionally and cautiously managed so as not to cause any violence. Besides PVT, CODEO looks at the packing and transportation of election materials, the voting process, and the counting and collation of election results at the constituencies. In gathering facts about the electoral process, observers used a checklist of 117 Interview with Justice V.C.R.A.C Crabbe, Co-Chair of CODEO on Joy FM by Kojo Oppong Nkrumah, 19 March 2012. 257