International Conference: Current Security Challenges for the Western Balkan Region Addressed by Means of Joint Responsibility and Cooperation against prisoners in the framework of the„war of the individual. on terrorism“ have been disclosed. In the eyes of many people in the Muslim world(and not In addition, outside interference contributed to only there), these crimes only conrmed what the chaos developing anyhow. Saudi-Arabia, previously already have been made public since some of the Gulf States, and Iran supported 2003 in the case of Abu Ghraib prison. their respective clients, some of them still in Credibility of the West with regard to„values“of power(the Asad regime supported by Iran) or human rights, dignity of man, habeas corpus back to power(the military in Egypt supported etc., thus, has further been undermined. In the by Saudi-Arabia and some Gulf States). What eyes of Muslims leaning toward an extremist started in the beginning as power politics has interpretation of Islam, ghting the West(and its adopted to some extent a confessional „proxies“in the Muslim world) just means to character. Thus, the Shi'a – Sunna divide has encounter it with its own methods. become more acute than at any time during the 20th century. Within the Sunni branch of Islam the Muslim brotherhood plays an ambiguous 4) While the relationship between the West and role: While it is fought by Saudi-Arabia and large parts of the Muslim world is deeply some Gulf states, it is supported by Turkey and 12 shattered, Islamic militants remain a small minority. The overwhelming majority refuses Qatar. And Islamic radicals not only destroyed Su holy shrines, but Christian churches and Islamist ideology and militant strategies not to sanctuaries of the Yazidis alike. talk about terrorism in the name of Islam. This dramatically became obvious in the framework 5) Nothing is more successful than success. of the Arab Revolt which started in the end of This self-evident wisdom can be applied to 2010/beginning 2011 in many places in the Islamic radicalism, too. With the Asad regime Arab world. At the beginning of the protests in leaving parts of Syria outside the control of the Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria and state, Islamic radicals have managed to ll the elsewhere, militant Islamic groups were gap. From Syria the movement radiated back completely absent. The basis of the into Iraq. Finally, in 2014 an Islamic caliphate spontaneous uprisings rooted in the solidarity of was established in territories of both countries. the people especially in the middle and lower It was not only political military success which classes. It was only when the process of made the movement attractive; but it managed change stagnated, that Islamic militants came to get access to a variety of nancial sources into play. Islamic political groups such as the which permitted it to buy the hardware for Muslim Brotherhood committed many mistakes waging war, attracting volunteers to join the trying to take over the state and claiming the ranks of the Jihadis and, to some extent, laying legitimacy of their power after having won rudimentary basis for administrating their elections. This again instigated the militants to „state“. try on their part to take over and rule by force. In fact, brutal force in the name of enforcing In addition to its nature as a stringent ideology Shari'a upon the people became the only way to talked about at the beginning and to frustration demonstrate„legitimacy“ of the„Islamic State“ over Western policy, the importance of the over„western“ forms of governance such as material aspect should not be underrated. In constitutions, elections, pluralism and freedom large parts of the Muslim world, young people