International Conference: Current Security Challenges for the Western Balkan Region Addressed by Means of Joint Responsibility and Cooperation are suffering from poverty, unemployment and by a materialistic agenda. Many youths have got social marginalization. Joining the Jihad, they a problem to cope with it; a feeling of being lost earn some money while, at the same time, and frustrated prevails. Neither the political class ghting for the valuable ideal of a State in which nor the„christian“ churches seem to offer an pure and genuine Islam is to be practiced. As to alternative. In such a situation even for non­the Western Balkans militant Jihadi elements Muslim youngsters Islam in its most„legalistic“ became active already in the context of the war and, for that matter, radical appearance seems in Bosnia in the 1990. With the war in Syria and to offer an alternative and a way out. Young Iraq and the founding of the„Islamic State“, an Muslims who have a problem of acceptance in opportunity seems to have reopened to the Western societies anyhow, but – nota bene synthesize Islamic„idealism“ with material – non-Muslims as well, commit themselves to needs which would not have been the case the principles of a religious strand which offers when simply sitting in economically poor places them guidance. By the way, this not only applies such as Bosnia, Kosovo, Albania etc. to males, but to females as well. Having taken the decision to opt out of the society into which The„success“ of the Islamic project is spread they have been born, they even accept the role by professionally making use of the media and of a bride of a guy, who votes to ght in the way 13 the internet. From this point of view, the Jihadi groups operate in an absolutely modern way. of Allah, which means for the founding of an alternate„just“, as grounded on relgious rules, The intensive presence in the internet is one of society. Serving him is considered to be her the strongest incentives for the decision to join specically female contribution to this warfare. Jihad in Syria or elsewhere. The sense of „success“ is instilled into the mindset of 6) The multi-dimensional complexity of the potentially Jihadi youngsters by applying issue makes it difcult to nd an appropriate extremely brutal sanctions when dealing with answer. The regimes in the Islamic world and in the„enemy“. Decapitation to be made public on the West have refused to look behind the facade the internet is denitely the most brutal, but and express self-criticism when dealing with it, precisely therefore, the most efcient but have conned themselves to an reaction demonstration of resoluteness to win victory mostly built on security measures. Muslim over the„enemies“. The youngsters who had violence was seen in the military dimension, gone lost within their own societies have got the which, as has been shown, does not reect the illusion that they found a political and spiritual entire complexity. To meet the challenge and to „order“ which would provide them with nd a way back to peacefully living together guidance. within Muslim societies and between Muslim societies and the West will be a long process As a consequence, attempts to explain the which needs action on various levels. phenomenon of Islamic radicalism in Western societies, have to address the societies themselves, from which Jihadis originate. In the West, the value system is currently dominated