International Conference: Current Security Challenges for the Western Balkan Region Addressed by Means of Joint Responsibility and Cooperation doctrine as follows:"According to the initial continued to split on the multitude of sects, Sunni stance, the caliph may be elected or religious schools and movements. As appointed, he must originate from the tribe of Quraish, 23 and his subjects owe him unconditional obedience even when he is wrong." 24 Ali's followers will form another important branch of Islam-Shi'ism or Shia Islam, and they remained consistent in belief that Muhammad's blood must run through the veins of Islamic rulers. For their rulers they will choose only direct descendants of Muhammad. Tanaskovi ć noted"...unique tree of faith branched in the wide treetop." 26 Analyzing the reasons and motives for further divisions in Islam, Oliver Potežica concludes that these schisms were caused primarily by theological disagreements, differences in religious and legal doctrines, different attitude towards mysticism in Islam, and demands for restoration of the "original" or" fundamental" Islamic teachings. 27 Conict of Shiites and Sunnis, the ght that started in the"early childhood" of this great faith, remain to this day one of the main sources of instability in Islam. If we analyze the main characteristics of this schism, it can be noted For our topic, two lines of this latter division are relevant: theological and reform-fundamentalist one. 28 Wahhabism, the ofcial"version" of Islam in Saudi Arabia, is a religious movement that emerged exactly on these lines of division. 34 that, in its nature, this was primarily political division. In simple terms it was a struggle for the succession of Mohammed, which clearly can be characterized as a struggle for power. However, another dimension of this schism is very important. It is a genealogy dimensions. Muslim rulers have always tried to connect their origin with Quraish bloodline(Sunni), or with direct descendants of Muhammad(Shiites). Wahhabism is often described as both radical fundamentalist and traditionalistic avor reform movement within Sunni Islam. This movement was founded by Sheikh Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab in the 18th century. It is important to emphasize that this is one of the rst reform movements in the Islamic world. The birth of Wahhabism was signicantly contributed by dissatisfaction with theological innovation, Theological context of this schism will appear later on, through further development of the Islamic thought. With the further development of Shiism, the division will be deepened with signicant theological differences, primarily with the learning of the mystical meaning of the Qur'an, in which Ali was initiated by the prophet Muhammad. Also, the belief in divine providence behind the words and actions of Shiite Imams inherited through the bloodline, 25 emerged over time as one of the main specics of Shia Islam. revision of faith and other deviations of the mainstream Sunni Islam. Even today this movement actively aims to"return" the Muslims to the"path" of Salaf al Salih- pious predecessors from the rst three generations of Muslims. Therefore, there are some opinions which exclude Wahhabism from the scope of Sunni Islam. Such position is reinforced by the fact that the Wahabi does not recognize the authority of any of the four Sunni madhhabs (legal-religious Islamic schools). They also prohibit many of the religious traditions that are After the rst schism, the Islamic community practiced throughout the Sunni Islamic world. 23 Tribe of the Prophet Muhammad. 24 Darko Tanasković, Islam- dogma i život, Srpska književna zadruga, Belgrade, 2008, p. 162. 25 This doctrine is known as Ma'sum, which indicates infallibility of the Imam, who is inspired by Allah. 26 Darko Tanasković, Islam- dogma i život, Srpska književna zadruga, Belgrade, 2008. p.160. 27 Oliver Potežica, Vehabije između istine i predrasude,„Filip Višnjić“, Belgrade, 2007. 28 It should be stressed that these two lines of division are deeply intertwined, and that it is impossible to make a strict distinction between them.