International Conference: Current Security Challenges for the Western Balkan Region Addressed by Means of Joint Responsibility and Cooperation THE ORIGIN Xhabir Hamiti: Political Islam – El-Islam Es-Sijasij The term Political Islam does not originate or holy book of Quran, as the best form of correct has no direct support in the Muslim holy book – thinking for termination of disagreements and of the Quran, and is not part of the dictionary of the ghts between Ali and Mu'awiyah. Following the rst generation which was led by this action, the so-called Hawarixh emerged, Muhammad a.s who was messenger of God. known as renegades with their symbol:“There is no other Judgment, but the Judgment of After Muhammad a.s parted from this world, God”! among Muslims various opposing voices were heard about who from his followers was more These ghts for power continued until the great meritorious to continue leading the Muslims, division of Muslims in two major directions: this due to the fact that Mohammed did not Sunni and Shia. Regardless of this, one can say initially appoint one. that the politicizing of religion and the use of latter for reaching of intentions of this world, is a The wish and competition, as well as the wound old as the history of Islam itself. appearance of the meritocracy to lead the Muslims after Mohammed's departure to Islam movements in general are divided in two eternity, brought also diversities in commenting main groups: A 41 of certain matters of religion, whereby each and every one made comments according to the .Religious Islam Movements- mainly sides and the direction of the contenders for proclaim religion, based on the readings and power. specic interpretation of religious texts and their The rst and greatest political division of Muslim leaders happened in the Battle of Sifn, in 659, fought between the followers of Ali, the Caliph of the four Muslims and the Governor of Mu'awiyah, who was the rst leader of the State of Mu'awiyah 661-680. The two did not main aim is to establish a sound and accurate faith in God, and all the others who do not obey their call and interpretation based on their special and specic school, are considered as the limping in religion, or are judged as non-true believer. 47 recognize each other's authority. The beginnings of rst divisions are those during the time of the Caliph Othman III against whom an assassination was prepared in 658, as well as the other ght known as'Case of Jamal-Camel)', B .Political Social Movements- are based on the program of Islam, which today dominate in the Arab and Islam world, in general. which led to riots and continued during the entire rule of Caliph Ali IV. The above events are considered as the rst cases of use of religion 14 Centuries ago, as a means for political solutions, whereas the most famous case was the moment of the rise of the 47 Among these movements, with particular interpretations of Islam, namely of rigid and conservative forms also is"The Movement of Takr and Hijrah". The leaders of this movement believe that the believer when unable to change the state and the society where he lives, is obligated to emigrate – to make Hijrah, even to the desert or even live in a solitude, as a way of distancing and expressing of dissatisfaction against the environment that is not practicing Islam. In this spirit of perception is included also the"Violent jihadist movement, which seeks to terminate and remove governmental systems, which are founded based on human rule and organization and replace them with those of divine.