International Conference: Current Security Challenges for the Western Balkan Region Addressed by Means of Joint Responsibility and Cooperation ISLAM POLITICAL MOVEMENTS AS A MODERN 48 CONCEPT Islam Political Movements according to the modern concept started mainly with the beginning and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, whereas their greatest expansion happened after 1960. The second increase occurred after 11 Sep 2001(nine/eleven) and the peak and their most dense activity was reached after the Arab Spring, starting rst in Tunisia on 17 December 2010. 49 Islam Political Movements according to understanding and the modern concept are movements and organizations which exercise their political activity using Islamic symbols, and their goal is the forming of the Islamic state in which the Sharia Law is enforced. Otherwise, the term"Political Islam", has recently become a term for academic information, which is used to qualify different political movements that believe and aspire to have the Islam as a complete governance of life, in which religion and state is one and indivisible. 42 1 4 A way for consolidation and ghting of the Western colonialists, A way for the collapse of the totalitarian and dictatorship systems who dominated in the of modern times. Islamic world, especially during the XVIII-th and XIX-th Century. 5 A way of displaying contempt against the failure of governments to regulate and improve 2 A form of opposition and resistance against the Western military, social, economic and political welfare among Muslim societies political, social and 6 cultural inuence, for which they believed that A counter-reaction against Western the system is not provocations, as was compatible with Islam the case of the portrayal and its teaching and of the gure of the Muslim societies' Muhammad through tradition in general. cartoons, which caused an increase in 3 A form of resistance and the ghting of secular systems created in the Arab and Islamic world, islamophobia in the Western world and a growing hatred in the Islamic world. post-colonial and post World War II period. 7 A form of war and opposition against the US invasion in Kuwait, Iraq, Afghanistan and recently in Syria. 8 A way of achieving an easier and faster way to come to power. 48 The Arab publicist and analyst Riyadh Abdullah Zahrani states that:"The history of Islamic political movements and organizations is full of revealing truths. Islamic political movements for decades have disinformed masses in the name of religion and the medh-hebi, a certain religious law school. These movements, whether Sunni or Shia have been key factors for the spread of extremism, political tyranny, violence, corruption, ignorance among societies, and the sectarianisation of hatred. Likewise, they are the main cause of death of communities from ignorance that they have planted among them, causing riots for the killing of certain category of people, who belonged to the same society. Zahrani thinks that the same history of these movements is happening even today after the Arab Spring, which, according to him have drawn lessons from earlier political Islam movements and organizations; therefore this is exactly the reason why they have not succeeded. Hence, the Arab Spring shall not win, until its players are free of any politicization of religion. Islamic movements, Sunni and Shia, despite their big differences coming from their various schools they follow, have anathematized the human reason and are legitimizing the spilling of their blood as their means for the proclamation of the Hilafet, or the return of Mahdi the Awaited one, as well as setting of the time of cataclysm-Hour Event. Such theories resemble the illusionist movies, in which no one believes in, but an ignorant person and a fool"!(www.shbabmisr.com) 49 Text missing here