Mapping Labour Unions in Pakistan organisations cited by trade unions and federations as partners include the Pakistan Institute of Labour Education and Research(PILER), Labour Education Foundation(LEF), National Organization for Working Communities(NOWC), HomeNet Pakistan(HNP), Human Rights Commission of Pakistan(HRCP), Pattan, Women In Struggle for Empowerment(WISE), Shirkat Gah, journalists groups and community-based organisations. Key observations from trade unions experiences of working with NGOs are shared below: 1. Trade unions see value in partnership with NGOs, despite there being strong criticism of certain practices of the non-governmental organisations. Campaigning on common issues and capacity building sessions, particularly on organisational and engagement skills, and labour laws organised by NGOs are regarded as useful. 2. One of the constant criticisms against NGOs is the matter of funding which eventually means these organisations are bound by funds availability and project delivery timelines. Trade unions see little utility in such an approach as NGOs donor-driven projects do not necessarily align with trade unions own priorities. Moreover, it also leads to a lack of focus and following of event-based goals. 3. The culture of extending stipends for participation in NGOs programmes is particularly criticised since it creates problems for trade unions who are also expected to offer similar payments for participation in sessions organised by them. 2.3.3. Engaging International Organisations Trade unions interviewed for the study confirmed being a part of a number of international organisations and federations where they represent Pakistani workers. Pakistan Workers Federation represents workers at ILO, ITUC and South Asia Trade Union Confederation. Whereas some federations are a part of the IndustriAll Global, Clean Clothes Campaign, Home Net International, HomeNET South Asia, World Federation of Trade Unions. Trade unions and federations identify a unified approach and solidarity as the most important positives of partnership with international organisations. They cite the success of the Baldia factory fire compensation case as an example of this unified approach. There is a feeling that partnership with or membership in international federations is still under-exploited. In interviews, some trade unions cited higher fees as reasons for their inability to join international federations. 32