Mapping Labour Unions in Pakistan 5. The government takes action to discourage the formation of pocket unions by employers. The government should take measures to implement Article 25(Right to Association). Trade unions are beneficial for any organization and this mindset that trade unions are destructive should be removed. 6. There is no National Labour Centre and the government sends one organization and one related individual to represent Pakistan's labour at the International Labour Conference every year. This practice should be halted. It is pivotal that only true leadership of the workers should be sent to Geneva to represent Pakistan labour in ILO conferences every year. 7. Agriculture workers are in a larger majority of the total workforce, but they don't have the right to form trade unions or select collective bargaining agents. Even though the Sindh government has put the agriculture workers, fishermen and forest workers in the definition of the labour in the Sindh Industrial Relations Act 2013, these workers have still not acquired their right of association as rules of registration of trade unions in agriculture are still not made. These workers should also be provided access to the social security institutions as currently, they don't have access to the Employees Social Security Institutions and Employers Old-age Benefit Institutions(EOBI) or Workers Welfare Fund. 8. The informal sector workers also do not have a right to association and access to social security institutions. Universalization of social security for all citizens is the only solution to bring all workers into the coverage of social security. 9. Current industrial relations laws do not allow the formation of industrial or sectoral unions, which needs to be amended on an urgent basis. The industrial or sector-wise unions should be allowed to form, otherwise unit-level trade unions are not so effective for the protection of workers rights. 10. The NIRC's status is restored to 1972 position and its labour courts powers are transferred to regular courts. 11. There is no representation of workers in the Parliament and political parties are not awarding tickets to labour leaders, which has created a big vacuum and workers find no voice in their support in the Parliament. The electoral laws and the Constitution should be amended to allow reserved seats for the workers and peasants in all houses of the Parliament. 60