A N A LY S I S PEACE AND SECURITY UK-GERMAN DEFENCE& SECURITY COOPERATION A 2030 Roadmap for Enhanced Cooperation May 2023 Ed Arnold The UK and Germany are the European top defence spend­ers and top supporters of Ukraine in military, economic and humanitarian assistance. They have significant diplo­matic, defence and security influence, and cooperation would maximise this influence. Enhanced cooperation would also signal that the UK and Germany are able to work to­gether for the benefit of Eu­rope and maintain unity through the challenges ahead. Substantial differences be­tween the respective outlook and approaches of the UK and Germany on defence and security are unlikely to be re­solved but can be mitigated in certain areas with continued pragmatism and compromise.