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National security cultures : a view from the Balkans
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Here we must also mention the broader integration of military and police capabilities into UN peacekeeping operations. Since returning to multina­tional operations in 2002 and a ten-year hiatus due to war events in the former SFRY, the Yugoslav Army and the Army of Serbia and Montenegro, then the Serbian Army, have participated in several United Nations mis­sions. Serbias participation in international peacekeeping missions demon­strates its readiness and ability to contribute to global security, projecting a positive image as a responsible nation committed to peace. It also enhanc­es Serbias influence within the UN, EU, and the region, while providing valuable military experience that strengthens its defence capabilities, which is especially important in the context of Serbias EU integration aspirations (Radojević& Blagojević, 2024). Regarding the cooperation with NATO, we continue to present additional arrangements, which during 2014-2015 manifested through the signing of three agreements: the Serbia-NATO Agreement for procurement and logis­tical support(NSPO), the SOFA agreement with the entire NATO, and the so-called IPAP agreement(Individual Partnership Action Plans). The first two agreements were ratified in the National Assembly in 2016, and they entail commitments from the founding treaties of NATO member countries signed in Washington in 1949, London in 1951, and Paris in 1952(SOFA and NSPO). The third agreement, IPAP, is implemented without ratifica­tion. 38 Serbia in the Process of Regional Integration Understanding the current state of security culture in the Balkans reveals a region still grappling with the legacy of past conflicts, where multicultur­alism is often seen as a source of tension rather than strength. The region is frequently described as apowder keg, with lingering distrust among communities and challenges in implementing effective integration policies. This situation hampers efforts to build lasting peace and stability, as divi­sions and unresolved grievances continue to influence social and political relations. 38 Regarding the IPAP agreement, an interesting aspect is the obligation undertaken by the Republic of Serbia to participate with its financial and logistical resources in further NATO propaganda activities on its own territory. This is intended to con­tribute, as stated in the IPAP agreement text, to"raising awareness" among Serbian citizens about the necessity of cooperation with NATO and"promoting regional stability." For more information on these and other mechanisms and cooperation pro­grams, see the website of the Ministry of Defence: https://www.mod.gov.rs/cir/4358/partnerstvo-za-mir-4358 98 NATIONAL SECURITY CULTURES- A VIEW FROM THE BALKANS