posed by multinational corporations and complex supply chains operating across multiple jurisdictions. Addressing Informal Sector Realities Each NAP BHR must include dedicated sections addressing informal sector workers with context-appropriate interven­tions recognising informal work’s distinct challenges. 64 These cannot simply extend formal-sector frameworks but must develop protection mechanisms suited to the charac­teristics of informal work. Learning from Uganda’s National Social Security Fund, countries should develop innovations: flexible labour inspection approaches, support for informal worker collective organisation, simplified grievance mecha­nisms, and formalisation pathways not requiring full imme­diate compliance. Particular attention must be paid to vul­nerable informal workers in agriculture, domestic work, and street vending, with women informal workers facing com­pounded disadvantages that require targeted interventions. Integrating Gender-Labour Intersectionality NAPs BHR must mandate explicit intersectional analysis that addresses how gender shapes labour experiences across all sectors. 65 Every NAP BHR should address equal pay and wage transparency requirements, the prevention of and response to gender-based violence and harassment in workplaces, maternity and family leave protections with childcare support, participation targets for women in male-dominated sectors, and the recognition and redistri­bution of unpaid care work. 66 Beyond consulting women’s organisations, NAPs BHR must directly engage women workers from diverse sectors whose lived experiences pro­vide essential insights that organisations may not fully capture. Strengthening Implementation and Accountability Implementation must become a sustained focus of atten­tion and resources. 67 Countries should establish multistake­holder implementation bodies with formal structures giving meaningful labour and gender stakeholder participation, real decision-making power, and adequate resources. Com­prehensive M&E frameworks require specific labour and gender indicators, with baseline data, clear targets, and regular reporting enabling independent civil society moni­toring. 68 Securing adequate resources through dedicated government budgets supplemented by development part­ner support would cover implementation activities, moni­toring systems, and capacity building. Mandating periodic reviews—midterm and final—with full stakeholder partici­pation would create opportunities to assess progress, iden­tify challenges, and adjust strategies. 64 Chen, M. A.(2012). The informal economy: Definitions, theories and policies(Working Paper No. 1). Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing; Transi­tioning from the informal to the formal economy.(2015). International Labour Organization. 65 Crenshaw, K.(1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299; Holvino, E. (2010). Intersections: The simultaneity of race, gender and class in organization studies. Gender, Work& Organization, 17(3), 248–277. 66 Elias, J.(2013). Davos woman to the rescue of global capitalism: Postfeminist politics and competitiveness promotion at the World Economic Forum. International Political Sociology, 7(2), 152–169. 67 Mares, R.(Ed.).(2012); Smit, L., Bright, C., McCorquodale, R., Bauer, M., Deringer, H., Baeza-Breinbauer, D., Torres-Cortés, F., Alleweldt, F., Kara, S., Salinier, C., and Tejero Tobed, H.(2020) 68 Buhmann, K.(2016) 34 Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung e.V.