Registration of Voters: Action of noting the names and other pertinent information about admissible voters in a register or voters' list. Registration of political parties: Compilation of a list of political parties that fulfil legal or regulatory provisions and qualifications thus entitled to privileges such as the proposition to nominate candidates for elections. Implement of direct democracy: An implement which gives to citizens the right to directly involve in the political decision-taking process. It can be in the following three forms: referendum, initiatives from citizens, or vote recall. Opened list: A form of proportional representation list in which voters can express their preference for both a party and a group and for one, or sometimes for more than one, candidates on the list proposed by the party or group. Proportional representation list: A system in which each participant or group proposes a list of candidates for a given electoral constituency; voters vote for a party and parties obtain seats based on the number of vote each of them had. Elected candidates are chosen from the list. This is often called“PR List”. Common variations of this are“closed PR list” on which voters are restricted to vote for only a party or group, and“opened PR list” on which voters can express their preference for both a party or group and for one, or sometimes for more than one” candidate of that party or group. Electorate law: One or several laws governing every aspect of the process of elections of driving forces of political institutions as defined by the constitution or the institutional scope. Qualified majority: Necessary majority of votes cast for a proposition to be adopted; it should get more than 50% plus 1 of the votes cast; for example 2/3 or ¾. 247