1. Assimilation of data, evidence and local wisdom to develop deep insights in partnership with people of concern(at-risk communities and others). This will help develop system literacy and a system for validation of results. a. System Literacy: Men, women, and children from the community; frontline workers; and urban local bodies will be able to make the right assumptions in the context of climate change and ever escalating disaster risks to undertake climate change adaptation, and DRR actions. b. System for validation of results: Sustainability of ecosystem services and related value-chains(outcomes) are expressed in terms of key numbers(outputs) that lead to the flow of the PES to the participating community. In the long run, this strengthens the right beliefs within communities, leading to creation of various social norms that support Eco-DRR and other goals. 2. At-scale mobilisation and organisation of vulnerable population groups to develop system literacy and make local sense. a. System literacy: As stated above, various positive outcomes help the majority in the community to make sense of ecosystems and their role in advancing safety, security, and prosperity of their habitation. b. Make sense for people locally: All community engagement and social behaviour change processes in due course should transition from'theory' to'practice' to'culture' by building local leadership for transformative, nature positive change. Payments for Ecosystem Services 12