Charter of the Economy However, medium- and long- term plans stand largely abandoned in Pakistan. The modus operandi now is only Annual Plans containing the macroeconomic targets for the year. These plans should be results-based and focus primarily on policies, institutional changes and administrative actions that will impact on the economy during the year. Such a Plan should be placed before the NEC for approval. There should be six monthly monitoring of implementation and reporting back to the NEC. This will require the elevation of the Planning Commission, first, as the permanent Secretariat of the NEC and the CCI. Second, it should play the role of the ultimate‘Policy Think Tank’ of the Government, with the responsibility of supporting Ministries in the design of policies based on proper analysis of pros and cons of different options. The technical capacity of the Commission could be significantly enhanced by a stronger association with the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics(PIDE). Similarly, other support agencies/ parts of Ministries may be assigned a more active role in policy formulation and setting up of management information systems. This includes the strengthening of the Economic Adviser’s Wing in the Ministry of Finance and the National Tariff Commission and Trade Development Authority(TDAP) attached to the Ministry of Commerce. 2.5. Implementation of Law on Conflict of Interest There has been a growing concern about the likelihood of conflict of interest of Ministers, Advisors and Special Assistants to the Prime Minister. This has come in the public domain after the sugar, wheat flour and petrol crises. Pakistan fortunately has a strong piece of legislation which was passed by the Parliament in 2016 and called the National Conflict of Interest Act. However, it appears that most of the provisions of the Act have not been implemented. According to Section 3 of the Act, a Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commission should have been established with the following membership. Membership Chairman Member • From Judge of the Supreme Court or any• A former Civil Servant of BPS-21 or above. High Court • An Eminent Member of Civil Society. However, this Commission has not yet been set up. This is a big violation of the Act and should be noted. Following the establishment of the Commission the Act clearly specifies how conflict of interest cases can be identified and dealt with. 24