Developing Backward Areas A striking finding is the distribution of domestic saving. Sindh and Punjab do all the saving while the economies of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan are characterized by dissaving. Similarly, the only Province with a trade surplus, in both domestic and international trade, is Sindh. The three other Provinces carry large trade deficits. There is need to recognize the extra ordinary contribution of Sindh to national development. This is primarily the consequence of its large contribution to national tax revenues which are transferred to other Provinces via the fiscal equalization formula embodied in the 7 th NFC Award. Table 25.5: Estimates of Provincial GRP by Expenditure, 2018-19 (at constant prices of 2005-06, Rs in Billion) Punjab Sindh Khyber­Pakhtunkhwa Household Consumption Expenditure 6164 2499 1375 Government Consumption Expenditure 759 492 265 Private Investment 742 395 169 Public Investment 227 138 62 Change in Inventories 114 63 25 Net Trade Deficit-814 426-328 GRP at Market Prices 7192 4013 1568 Net Taxes 367 320 79 GRP at Factor Cost 6825 3693 1489 Net Factor Income from 1008 53 448 Abroad Gross Regional Income 7833 3746 1937 Source: Estimated. Balochistan 462 163 56 33 10 -117 607 34 573 50 623 Pakistan 10501 1679 1361 460 213 -883 13380 800 12580 1559 14139 Table 25.6: Key Economic Ratios of The Provinces, 2018-19(% of GRP at Market Prices) Fixed Investment Private Public Total Total Savings Trade Deficit(-)/ Trade Surplus(+) Punjab 10.3 3.2 13.5 2.2-11.3 Sindh 9.8 3.4 13.2 23.9 10.6 Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa 10.8 4.0 14.8-6.1-20.9 Balochistan 9.2 5.4 14.6-4.6-19.3 Pakistan 10.2 3.4 13.6 7.0 Source: Estimated 249