TRADE UNIONS IN TRANSFORMATION 4.0 LABOUR AND SOCIAL JUSTICE RESISTING ­EXPLOITATION BY ALGORITHMS Drivers’ Contestation of App-based Transport in Indonesia Fahmi Panimbang, Syarif Arifin, Sugeng Riyadi, Dina Septi Utami September 2020 Drivers in the disruptive ­transportation sector have organised in innovative ways to fight for their rights amidst worsening working conditions. Through solidarity-building and providing mutual aid among drivers, the driver organisations have built significant associational power. Combined with their strategic place in the economy, they can utilize their bargaining power to confront the platforms and government ­regulations.