The former equilibrium between Israel and the Palestinians, maintained through tactical management and periodic hostilities, proved inadequate after 7 October. A shift is needed towards earnest pursuit of a two-state solution to prevent worse outcomes. Significant political changes are needed post-7 October to achieve long-term stability and a two-state solution. They include establishing a technocratic, non-factional Palestinian government, holding general elections, and creating a robust system of checks and balances. The lack of a unified Palestinian strategy is a major obstacle to peace. A coordinated effort involving regional and international actors is crucial to foster internal Palestinian reconciliation and ensure long-term regional stability.