In view of the transnational and hybrid nature of the threats and challenges to security and stability in the Sahel and their rapid regional expansion, the Peace and Security Competence Centre Sub-Saharan Africa of the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES PSCC) Dakar organised the 4th regional conference Sahel-Sahara Dialogue from 20 to 21 March 2023 in Niamey (Niger) on the theme "The Sahel and contemporary geopolitical issues and changes : what prospects for the region? This report summarises the proceedings and the recommendations made.