Has Russia’s invasion of Ukraine reshaped the balance of power in Central Asia? This publication explores how influence in the region is shifting between Russia, China and the EU, and where new opportunities are emerging. It identifies key trends and highlights promising avenues for EU engagement, particularly with regard to economic connectivity and transboundary water management. The analysis is based on over forty interviews with experts and policymakers conducted in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Vienna, and Berlin.