Snap elections, including parliamentary, provincial, and local elections in about one half of cities and municipalities in Serbia, including the capital Belgrade, were held on 17 December 2023 after months of turmoil triggered by mass shootings on 3 and 4 May. The ruling SNS of President Aleksandar Vučić won the parliamentary election with almost 47% of the vote, but the ruling coalition won less votes altogether and the united pro-EU opposition achieved a historically best result of 23,5%.

Significant electoral irregularities, especially in the capital Belgrade, brought accusations of electoral theft by opposition parties and civil society and led to unprecedented international criticism of Serbian democracy