Skills shortages and qualification gaps are already a trend on Europe's labour markets. In the course of the climate-neutral modernisation of our economy, these symptoms will become even more pronounced. The energy and industrial sectors, including their upstream and downstream environment, are particularly affected. Without appropriately equipped labour markets, rapid decarbonisation will not be able to progress. The study first analyses relevant employment forecasts and the changes for various sectors in the climate-neutral transition in Europe. The second part, based on a series of interviews, assesses the extent to which politics, companies and trade unions in Europe are preparing for the upcoming transformation of the economy, industry and labour.