Water is essential for life, and our reliance on it shapes every aspect of our existence. Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean are grappling with numerous water-related issues. These include insufficient and threatened water supplies, limited access, and uneven distribution. Demographic changes and migration trends are likely to exacerbate these issues, especially in the southern areas where city water supplies are already under significant pressure. The northern Mediterranean countries are not immune either, facing challenges in rapidly growing urban areas, particularly in flood-prone zones. This policy brief aims to highlight the major water challenges in the region and examine how effective water management could encourage regional collaboration.