In recent years Romania has been the fastest growing economy of the EU, but at the same time the last decade has not only been a period of economic prosperity and ongoing emigration but also of increasing spatial disparities. The economic benefits of European integration were not distributed equally across the country. Despite increasing regional disparities, the issue was hardly prioritised by political decision-makers during the last three decades. The Romanian regional disparity report identifies current spatial variations of strengths and weaknesses in light of future risks and challenges for the country and calls for new national and European policies to address the issue