The Western Balkans remain poorly connected in terms of infrastructure, with an atomized

energy market, burdened with political instability, which negatively affects the region's energy security.

There is a lack of clear and enforceable measures regarding the preparedness of the energy systems

of the countries of the region to respond to potential shocks in case of interruption of gas supply or any

other energy shock.

External actors, most notably Russia and China, exploit the clientelist approach of political elites in

the region thus opposing the implementation of the goals of the Energy Community in the Western Balkan countries.

In order to fully exploit its potential (geo)political actor in the regional energy area, the European Union

should move beyond its regulatory and technocratic approach through the affirmation of projects such as the Ionian-Adriatic Pipeline.