The end of the transition in Somalia has ushered in a new political era, bringing hope for a lasting stabilization of the southern part of the country, which has been beset by a vicious circle of poverty, clan rivalries, and sectarian violence. The new national government will require substantial and sustained international assistance to tackle the challenges ahead and to succeed in its endeavor to bring peace, reconciliation, and effective administration back to the country. The international community should review its institutional architecture in support of Somalia and quickly adapt it to the new reality.