Almaty Club experts continue their reflections on Central Asia in the socio-political context in this paper, Central Asia: A Space for “Silk Democracy”, the second part of that process, with the authors, this time, considering the issue of the interaction between Islam and the state, and analysing the dynamics of changes in the countries of the region. Three distinct approaches form the basis for this work. The first concerns the nature of changes from 1991 to 2016, shown in infographics; the second covers the outlook and perspectives for individual countries; and the third provides a comparative picture of practices across four countries – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, giving insights into how these states’ policies have changed regarding Islam and other religions, across the entire period from independence to 2016, as well as providing insights into experience in the institutionalization of religion. This paper is designed for political scientists, religious scholars and historians, as well as all other readers interested in the development of democratic processes in Central Asia, in general.