In Southeast Europe (SEE), a region undergoing challenging economic and political transitions, levels of income inequality tend to be among the highest in Europe. Despite inequality’s serious repercussions, governments in the region have not devoted sufficient attention to this issue. Rather, socioeconomic reforms, formulated in light of countries’ EU accession prospects, tend to stress fiscal consolidation and labor market deregulation. Focusing on Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia, this brief looks at the current state of economic inequality, its potential root causes, as well as remedies offered in current reform documents. It provides general recommendations on ways in which inequality in the region could be reduced.