The automotive industry is facing a rapid transformation caused by a number of mega trends: climate change and stricter CO2 emission standards, digitalization and automation as well as changing concepts of mobility due to urbanization and new digital technologies. European car manufacturers are under increasing pressure to remain competitive in the global market. In many Central and Eastern European countries, the automotive industry presents a key industrial sector with high numbers of employment. Hence, in 2018, FES Prague initiated a regional project on the future of employment in the automotive industry in Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania. The output of this project are four country studies that are presented in this publication. All four studies assess the impact of the transformation dynamics on employment and identify key challenges for policy makers and workers’ representatives. It also includes a short comparative analysis that highlights country-specific characteristics and common trends.