FES December 2021 Policy Brief Despite the huge budgetary alloca ons to the security sector in Nigeria, minimal progress has been recorded so far, as these security challenges con nue to re-emerge and expand, thus threatening the very fabric of the country's na onal integra on. Significantly, there are strong calls from various stakeholders for the restructuring of Nigeria's security architecture to incorporate state and/or regional policing structures, given the abysmal failure of the current centralized policing. Many have argued that the current security threats in Nigeria are mul dimensional and therefore require specific regional approaches to curb the hydra-headed monster. There are also sugges ons for the recruitment and training of more security personnel and a rethink of the strategic deployment of the available security workforce to towards addressing insecurity and propose workable solu ons and recommenda ons for improved security across the country. Beyond the central theme of the conference, other related topical issues were also discussed, further providing a mul dimensional and holis c analysis of Nigeria's security threat. Papers were presented on a)“The rule of Law and Na onal Security Provisioning in Nigeria,” with focus on elucida ng how the rule of law takes precedence over na onal security, while demonstra ng how Nigeria's na onal security architecture could adhere to the rule of law in their opera on under democra c governance. b)“The Prevalence and Consequences of Security Threats in Nigeria.” with focus on providing a detailed and comprehensive mapping of mul dimensional Photo Credit: The Sun Nigeria meet the emerging security needs of the country. The use of the Nigerian military for civilian police du es is considered counterproduc ve, as it also undermines the efficacy and funding of the Nigerian Police. To this end, on the 4th and 5th October 2021, the Friedrich Ebert S ung Nigeria organized a Two­Day Conference on Mul-Dimensional Security Threats in Nigeria: Drivers, Dynamics, and Deficiencies in Responses. The conference which was designed to have four paper presenta ons, provided a pla orm for security sector experts, professionals, policymakers, development and human rights experts, academics, media, Civil Society Organiza ons(CSOs), Non-Governmental Organiza on(NGOs) and other relevant stakeholders to interrogate the security challenges bedevilling Nigeria; the drivers, dynamics and effec veness or otherwise of government's responses and/or strategies security threats across Nigeria, vividly underscoring their impacts and implica ons for na onal development. c)“State and Non-state actors response to mul dimensional security threats in Nigeria,” with focus on a comprehensive examina on of various measures adopted by the Nigerian state and other non­state actors to combat evolving security challenges in Nigeria, highligh ng notable successes, gaps and setbacks and d)“Deepening accountability in countering mul dimensional security threats in Nigeria.” with focus on cri cally interrogate and proffer ac onable measures or steps to ensure state and non-state security providers/actors adhere to the rule of law in the conduct/opera ons, including redressing excesses of officials or agents and ensuring judicious use of resources(monies, assets). Discussants, and Par cipants were tasked with developing prac cal policy recommenda ons 4