4.2 ARMED FORCES Armed Forces occupy a special position in Albania's constitutional order due to their specific mission. Due to this position, the three main institutions that exert control over the armed forces are the president, the prime minister, and the minister of defence. Prime Minister and Minister of Defence are the responsible institutions for exercising civilian control over Armed Forces during peace times while the President of the Republic is the Commander in Chief during war times. Armed Forces, besides its mission to guarantee territorial integrity, engage routinely in civilian missions. Lastly because of restrictions related to COVID-19, the government ordered the mobilization of the military in cities to enforce the curfew rules that impeded the public from freely moving during certain hours. This was conducted through the marching of military armoured vehicles and infantry on the main roads of cities. The military is engaged in states of emergency as well as during the management of the post-Earthquake situation or other situations created by natural disasters such as floods or fires. However, as other studies have revealed,"such a mobilization of the military to perform their duties in a time of peace, was not performed properly". 19F 15 Keeping this in mind, except for Standard Operation Procedures, protocols of civilian engagement, Armed Forces lack systematic training and monitoring in matters of human rights. 4.3 STATE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE The State Intelligence Service acts as an autonomous agency subordinated to the Prime Minister while it is subject to oversight and control of Parliament, President, and Prime Minister's Office. The State Intelligence Service, due to its discrete mission, is less transparent and its activities are out of the public eye. This could potentially create situations where the activity of the Service conflicts with human rights, either in the exercise of the activity in fulfilment of the mission or the internal bureaucratic and administrative life of the institution. Although there is a consolidated legislative, executive, and presidential oversight system, the Service lacks a protocol of training of the officials on human rights matters. 15 Ibid., 20. 20