”SCREAMS BEFORE SILENCE” The Application of Joint Responsibility in the Context of the Atrocities Committed on October 7 in the South of Israel Nava Ben-Or November 2024 Significant evidence has and is being accumulated as to deliberate forms of sexual violence, perpetrated by Hamas terrorists against Israeli women during the October 7 attack. Conflict-Related Sexual Violence is a different phenomenon than everyday sexual violence. It is a weapon of war, designed to terrorize the whole community. Attributing responsibility to perpetrators of such offenses, who act within a mob, may rely on the doctrine of joint responsibility.