STUDY UNEQUAL DEMOCRACIES WHO DOES (NOT) VOTE IN IRELAND? Voting is a crucial factor in a democracy. This paper analyses voter turnout trends in Ireland, particularly focusing on the sharp decrease since the 1990s. Understanding voter participation helps identify key factors contributing to this decline, which are critical for guiding policy reforms. This report shows that voter turnout is especially low among younger populations and in deprived urban communities with low rates of home ownership. Rural dwellers, particularly farmers, are more likely to vote. Increased education results in higher turnout, but is less of a factor than age. Guy Gerba October 2024 To combat declining turnout, the paper recommends modernising voter registration, reforming civic edu­cation, and enhancing political engagement through targeted social media strategies, early voting options and introducing youth quotas to encourage broader electoral participation.