2. Context of Green Hydrogen Development in Jordan 2.1 The National Green Hydrogen Strategy for Jordan Jordan's capacity for green hydrogen development is supported by various strategic advantages that position it favorably for engagement in the global energy transition. The country’s renewable energy potential, particularly in solar and wind, ranks among the best globally, with high solar irradiation and strong wind corridors, especially in the south and northeast. Jordan benefits from an average of 316 sunny days annually and favourable wind speeds ranging from 7 to 8.5 m/s, making it an ideal environment for renewable energy generation. These renewable resources are essential for the affordable production of green hydrogen, with a projected levelized cost of hydrogen(LCOH) potentially reaching $3.20 per kilogram by 2030. Moreover, Jordan has demonstrated its commitment to renewable energy implementation, increasing its contribution to power generation from under 1% in 2014 to 29% in 2022. The country aims to further increase the share of renewables to 50% by 2030, establishing a robust foundation for integrating green hydrogen into the national energy framework. Jordan's strategic geographic location also positions it as a promising hub for green hydrogen exports, with close proximity to key markets in Europe and the Middle East. The development of green hydrogen is consistent with Jordan's national climate and energy policies, including the National Energy Sector Strategy 2020–2030 and the revised Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs). These policies prioritize decreased dependency on imported fossil fuels, enhanced energy self-sufficiency, and the achievement of a 31% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. In 2022, Jordan's energy composition was primarily dependent on imported fossil fuels, with oil accounting for 47% and natural gas for 41% of the overall energy supply. To diminish this reliance and achieve its energy transition objectives, Jordan is emphasizing the incorporation of renewable energy and green hydrogen into its energy framework. Jordan's strategic geographic location strengthens its role as a promising hub for green hydrogen exports, benefiting from close proximity to key markets in Europe and the Middle East. Additionally, Jordan's current fertilizer manufacturing and export infrastructure creates a viable market for green ammonia, while the Port of Aqaba serves as an eco­certified conduit for exporting green hydrogen and ammonia to international markets. Furthermore, Jordan is implementing large-scale initiatives to address water scarcity, such as the Aqaba-Amman Water Desalination and Conveyance Project, which not only mitigates water challenges but also supports the demands of industrial-scale hydrogen production. By incorporating green hydrogen into its energy transition strategy, Jordan aims to reduce domestic emissions while fostering economic growth through job creation, improved energy security, and the development of a competitive export market for green hydrogen and its derivatives. This combined strategy of domestic use and export-focused manufacturing establishes Jordan as a significant participant in the burgeoning global hydrogen economy. 7