While Jordan’s strategic initiatives and renewable energy potential establish a strong foundation for green hydrogen development, several risks must be addressed to ensure a successful transition. These challenges fall under four main categories: institutional and regulatory obstacles, human and intellectual capital, infrastructure and resource constraints, and economic competitiveness. A key concern is the necessity of robust regulatory frameworks to oversee hydrogen production and export. The absence of a unified and well-defined regulatory framework could lead to investor uncertainty, delays in project implementation, and difficulties in aligning with international market requirements. Additionally, compliance with international sustainability standards and certification processes poses challenges that must be addressed to ensure seamless integration into global hydrogen supply chains. Another critical challenge is Jordan’s water scarcity, as it remains one of the most water­scarce countries globally. Large-scale green hydrogen production requires significant water resources, necessitating careful planning and proactive resource management. Addressing these concerns through sustainable water solutions, such as desalination projects and water recycling initiatives, will be essential to long-term hydrogen development. To guarantee long-term sustainability, Jordan must adopt a proactive approach that includes comprehensive environmental impact assessments, transparent regulatory frameworks, and strong public-private partnerships. Coordinated efforts between government agencies, investors, and industry stakeholders will be necessary to unlock the full economic potential of the green hydrogen economy while ensuring environmental and social responsibility. 2.2 Understanding the EESG Framework for Sustainable Development The EESG framework, which was created as part of the PtX Hub initiative, is intended to guarantee the sustainability of Power-to-X(PtX) projects in four critical areas: Economic, Environmental, Social, and Governance. Energy& Carbon Cycle Water, Land& Biodiversity Resources& Recycling Pollution Risks& Safety .... Governa ronment n nvi Policy Commitment& Coherence Stability& Rule of Law Transparency& Participation Standards& Certification .... E ial ce al Econ Power to X Value Addes& Decoupled Growth omic Soc Energy Mix& Transformation Access to Energy& Resources Jobs& Skills Trade& Technology Transfer Human Rights& Labour Standards Investment& Public Finance Health& Safety ....... PtX Sustainability- The EESG Framework As shown in the figure above, each dimension addresses specific sustainability concerns, as follows: 8