Across Europe, there is a gender gap in attitudes about workplace gender discrimination, equal pay and perceived validity of sexual harassment claims across all age groups; the gender gap is largest among the youngest age group. In Greece, young men and women diverge only slightly more strongly in their gender­equality attitudes than older men and women. Germany is an outlying case: there is no youth gender gap in respondents’ recognition of gender workplace discrimination and respondents’ assessment of sexual harassment claims. The youth gender gap in attitudes towards equal pay is significant but small. Furthermore, Gen Z does not distinguish itself from older age groups in terms of the size of its gender gap. Instead, men and women of older age groups often diverge more strongly in their attitudes towards these questions. In Poland, there is a significant youth gender gap on all investigated gender-equality questions. The youth gender gap is greatest and most distinct from gender gaps among older respondents for questions of whether women are treated unfairly in the workplace. In Spain, there is a youth gender gap in recognition of workplace discrimination and sexual harassment. Regarding attitudes towards equal pay, young men and women do not diverge more strongly in their attitudes than older men and women. In Sweden, the youth gender gap is significant and most pronounced for all three gender equality questions, compared with all older age groups and the four other countries assessed. 2.2.4 Other political attitudes Finally, we investigate whether the youth gender gaps found in the previous sets of analyses correspond to larger trends in youth-gender gaps with respect to other political questions. In this case, we again take advantage of the time-series component of the ESS data and look at trends from 2002 to 2023 for three questions available over all years of the survey – questions on satisfaction with democracy, perceptions of immigration and trust in national parliaments. Figure 14 illustrates the trends among young respondents across the time series. In no case do we see significant gender gaps among the young – while satisfaction with democracy and trust dip during the 2008/09 financial crisis, both young men and women show an increase in democratic satisfaction and trust in national institutions in later years, although trust in parliament dips again during the COVID-19 pandemic. Attitudes toward immigrants, in terms of respondents’ views regarding immigrants’ contributions to their country’s economy, increase significantly after 2014 and are indistinguishable between young men and women over time. Thus, on questions related to satisfaction with democracy, immigration and trust EqualiZe 47