1 98 China , theEUandLatinAmerica:CurrentIssuesandFutureCooperation greenhousegasemittersbutalsoproducersofcleanenergytechnologies ; theEU shouldworktogether withthem todevelopcleanenergytechnologiesand especiallytoimproveenergyefficiency. SilvaParejas ( Chapter12 ) offersaLatinAmericanperspectiveoninternational cooperationintheareasofenergysecurityandclimatechange.Shestatesthat LatinAmericahasastrongerpositiontocompeteintheworldmarketgivenits effortstodiversifyitsenergygrid , incorporaterenewableenergieswithaviewto nationalindependenceandadoptsustainableenergystrategies.SilvaParejas suggeststhattheregionsdiversityshouldbenotedratherthanfocusingon Brazilalone withregardtotheregionsclimateissues.Intermsofexternal dialoguesonenergyandtheenvironment , Latin Americashouldbetreatedasa speciallyfavouredparty withafocusoncooperationand winwinsolutions.Like Behrens , sheemphasisestheimportanceoftheInternationalRenewableEnergyAgency asaleadinginstitutionalframeworkforpossibletrilateralormultilateralcooperation. 4.犐狊犜犺犲狉犲犃狀狔犜狉犻犾犪狋犲狉犪犾犆狅狅狆犲狉犪狋犻狅狀 ? Mostexpertsdo notthinkthatthere has been substantialtrilateral cooperationbetweenChina , theEUandLatinAmericatodate , althoughtheydo havedifferentbutpromising visions whenimaginingfuturescenariosfor trilateralrelations.Amongthefactors whichaffecttrilateralcooperation , the expandingroleofChinainLatin Americaandthepressingregionalandglobal challenges , especiallyinsocalled “ lowpolitics ”, willenergisetheemergingtrilateral cooperation. InChapter13 , JiangShixuearguesthat , unliketheUnitedStates , whichis uneasyaboutChinasexpandingpresenceintheWesternHemisphere , Europe , andparticularlySpain , wishestoofferahelpinghandtoChinatofurtherdevelop itsrelationswithLatinAmerica.BecauseofcommonChineseandEUconcerns withregardtoenergysecurity , fightingpovertyandinequalityinLatinAmerica trilateralcooperationmightbedeveloped.TakingSpainasacasestudy , Jiang ShixueexaminesSpainspossibilitiesasapromoterofSinoLatin American cooperationintheareaslistedinChinasPolicyPaperonLatinAmericaandthe Caribbean.HisstudyshowsthatSpaincanbehelpfultoChinaintheeconomic , culturalandsocialareas — inotherwords , areasbelongingtolowpolitics. Globalissuesrequireglobalsolutions.In Chapter14 , addressingglobal challengesandtreatingthe worldeconomyasa whole , Buckarguesthat triangularcooperationispromisingevenifthereislittleexperienceinthis regard.Heliststhefollowing fields ofcooperation:globalinstitutional architecture , norms , actionsandsoon ; labourandhumanrights ; theDoha
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