AFormatinSearchofSubstance AnOverviewofRelationsbetweentheEUandLatinAmericainaEuropeanPerspective 2 07 circlestheregionsidentificationas “ thewesternendoftheoccident ” isaccepted , major groupswithinLatinAmericansocietiesarefiercelyopposedtodefiningLatinAmerica anditspeopleasasortofextensionofEurope.Forallthereasonsoutlinedabove , LatinAmericansmeasuretheseriousnessofthesocalledstrategiccharacteroftheir relationstoEuropeonlyintermsofconcreteresults. 2.4 ANewCompetitorintheRegion:China SinceChineseleaderDengXiaopingextolledthe “ Pacificcentury ” whenhe metwiththenArgentinePresidentAlfonsínin1988 ( Xu2003:99 ), SinoLatin AmericanrelationshavebecomeamodelforSouthSouthcooperation.Although thevolumeoftradeonlygrewfrom USD1.3billiontoUSD1.8billionduring the1980s , thepoliticalslantthathaddominatedChinasLatinAmericapolicy untilthengavewaytoa morestronglyeconomicorientation ( Mann2005: 139f. ) .Thephaseofindifference , when Chinarestricteditselftoa weakly developedculturaldiplomacyandselectivecontactswithrevolutionaryforces , wasover.However , theoverridingimportanceofthe United Statesforthe AmericasasawholeimposedlimitsonanyexpansionoftheChinesepresence , andthedominanceofauthoritarianregimesintheregionalsohinderedthe initiation of more comprehensive relations ( Mora1997a:94 ) .During the 1950s — notleastundertheswayofUShegemonyoverthecontinent — broad supportfor Taiwanhadbecomeestablishedin Latin America , asaresultof whichdevelopingrelationswiththePeoplesRepublicofChinawasnotonthe agenda.FollowingtheCubanRevolutionof1959Chinapromisedthenewregime “ revolutionarysolidarity ” intheantiimperialiststruggle , buttherelationship remainedinsular , andastheCubancametoconcentrateontheSovietUnionas hisstrategicpartner , evenCubadroppedoffChinasradar. Chinasgrowinginternationalrecognitionfollowingarapprochementwith WashingtonandadmissiontotheUnitedNationsin1971alsoreinvigoratedits relationswiththestatesofLatinAmerica.Since1970thePeoplesRepublicof Chinahasexpendedamassiveeffortonestablishingdiplomaticrelationswiththe countriesoftheregion.Chinesesupportincentralquestionsofinternationallaw anddiplomacysuited Latin Americanpoliticalinterests.Thisappliedtothe establishmentofthetwohundrednauticalmileexclusiveeconomiczone ; the transferofsovereigntyovertheCanalZonetothegovernmentofPanama ; and thebanonnuclearweaponsinLatinAmerica ( Mora1997b:42 ) .Tothatextent , Chinas “ openingup ”, whichbeganin1978 , alsorepresentedaturningpointin relationswith Latin America , inthesensethatitusheredintheexportled developmentoftheChineseeconomyandtheassociatedgrowingdependencyon
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China, the EU and Latin America : current issues and future cooperation
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