AFormatinSearchofSubstance AnOverviewofRelationsbetweentheEUandLatinAmericainaEuropeanPerspective 2 09 enlargetheirrangeofexportsfortheChinesemarketinsuchawayastoexpand theirmanufacturingcapacities. Alongsideimmediateeconomicinterests , theexpectationthatexpanding tradewithChinawillattractmoreinvestmenttotheregionandleadtointensified noneconomiccooperationalsoplaysaroleforLatinAmerica.FromtheLatin Americanperspective , relationswithChinashouldnotonlyhelptointegratethe regionininternationalraw materialsmarkets , butalsoensurethatChinais permanentlytiedinto Latin Americasdevelopmenteffortsin a “ trade cooperationnexus ” thatwouldgeneratecooperationoverandabovethecurrent tradingrelationshipandopenupajointdimensioninthedesignandorganization ofdevelopmentprojects.Thatwouldallowfurtherdiversificationawayfromthe UnitedStatesandEuropeanUnioninthisfield , too. ChinasarrivalonthescenehascausedworrynotonlyintheUSCongress ; theEUisalsoconcernedaboutthemodalitiesofChinaspresenceintheregion. Theredoesnotappeartobearealdevelopmentalinterestwhichwouldbevery importantfortheregion ; insome ways , the “ nonconditionality ” ofChinese cooperationhasraiseddoubtsaboutitscommercialinterests , insome way parallelingtheexperienceswithChinaspresenceinAfrica. Ultimately , LatinAmericaiscompetinginternationallyforEuropeanforeign directinvestment , whichisincreasinglyflowingnotto Latin Americabutto China , largelyduetothehighgrowthratesthere.Thissourceofcapitalis indispensablefortheregioninview ofitslow domesticsavingsratesandis absolutelycrucialforcountries , suchasBrazil , thatcontinuetosufferfroma veryhighlevelofdebt.Thedecisivefactor willprobably be whether Latin Americasucceedsinofferingbetteraccessandguaranteesofgoodgovernanceand stabilitythanitsAsianrival. SinoLatinAmericantradeflowshavebeenexpandingatahighratesince 2000 , andthereisnootherregioninwhichLatinAmericaregisterssuchhigh growthrates:thevolumeofforeigntradewithChinarosefrom $2.4billionin 1991to$12.6billionin2000 , beforereaching$40billionin2004.Altogether , ChinasshareofLatinAmericanforeigntradehasrisenfrom1.2to4percent ( althoughtheincreaseisconcentratedinjustafewcountries , includingBrazil , Mexico , ChileandArgentina ), whilethecompositionhasshiftedsomewhatfrom agriculturaltomineralproducts.Labourintensiveproductsmakeup86.3per centofChinasexportstoLatinAmerica , whileexportsintheoppositedirection are76.1percentraw materialsand23.9percentindustrialgoods.North AmericanFree Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) member Mexico , whichexports primarilyelectronicstoChina , mustberegardedasaspecialcase.Thevolumeof
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